John Muir and the Ice That Started a Fire: How a Visionary and the Glaciers of Alaska Changed America

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John Muir and the Ice That Started a Fire: How a Visionary and the Glaciers of Alaska Changed America Page 24

by Heacox, Kim


  Lord, Nancy. Green Alaska: Dreams from the Far Coast. Washington: Counterpoint, 1999.

  Lyon, Thomas J. “John Muir, the Physiology of the Brain, and the ‘Wilderness Experience.’” The Living Wilderness, Summer 1974.

  Marx, Leo. The Machine in the Garden: Technology and the Pastoral Ideal in America. London: Oxford University Press, 1964.

  Mathez, Edmond A. Earth: Inside and Out. New York: New Press, 2000.

  McKibben, Bill. The End of Nature. New York: Anchor Books, 1990.

  ———. “The Keystone Pipeline Revolt.” Rolling Stone, Sept. 28, 2011.

  McPhee, John. Annals of the Former World. New York: Farrar, Straus, Giroux, 1998.

  Meine, Curt D. Aldo Leopold: His Life and Work. University of Wisconsin Press, 2010.

  Morris, Edmund. Theodore Rex. New York: Random House, 2001.

  Muir, John. “Living Glaciers of California.” Harper’s, Nov. 1875.

  ———. The Mountains of California. New York: Century Co., 1907.

  ———. My First Summer in the Sierra, 1911. New York, Penguin, 1997.

  ———. Northwest Passages: From the Pen of John Muir. Palo Alto: Tioga, 1988.

  ———. Our National Parks. Boston: Houghton-Mifflin, 1901.

  ———. Stickeen: The Story of a Dog. Boston: Houghton-Mifflin, 1909.

  ———. The Story of My Boyhood and Youth, 1913. San Francisco: Sierra Club, 1989.

  ———. Travels in Alaska. Boston: Houghton-Mifflin, 1915.

  ———. The Yosemite. 1912. San Francisco, Sierra Club, 1988.

  Nash, Roderick. Wilderness and the American Mind (Revised Edition). New Haven & London: Yale University Press, 1973.

  Nelson, Richard. The Island Within. San Francisco: North Point, 1989.

  Oliver, Mary. New and Selected Poems. Boston: Beacon Press, 1993.

  Oreskes, Naomi. The Rejection of Continental Drift. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1999.

  Pipher, Mary. The Green Boat: Reviving Ourselves in Our Capsized Culture. New York: Riverhead, 2013.

  Rawls, James J. “John Muir: Celtic Saint.” California Environmental Conference, October 28, 2006.

  Reid, Harry Fielding. “The Reid Papers: Field Journal.” August 4, 1892. Boulder: National Snow and Ice Data Center.

  Rowthorn, Anne (compiled by). The Wisdom of John Muir: 100+ Selections from the Letters, Journals, and Essays of the Great Naturalist. Birmingham: Wilderness Press, 2012.

  Safina, Carl. The View from Lazy Point. New York: Henry Holt, 2011.

  Stoll, Steven. The Great Delusion: A Mad Inventor, Death in the Tropics, and the Utopian Origins of Economic Growth. New York: Hill & Wang, 2008.

  Thoreau, Henry David. Walden. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1999.

  Tocqueville, Alexis de. Democracy in America, Volume II. London: Saunders and Otley, 1840.

  Turner, Frederick Jackson. “The Significance of the Frontier in American History.” Chicago: Address to the American Historical Association at the World’s Columbian Exposition, 1893.

  Twain, Mark. Autobiography of Mark Twain, Volume 1. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2010.

  ———. Following the Equator. Hartford, CT: American Publishing Co., 1897.

  ———. Mark Twain’s Own Autobiography. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1924.

  Von Drehle, David. “The Way We Weren’t.” New York: TIME Magazine, 04/18/2011, pp. 40–51.

  Williams, Dennis C. God’s Wilds: John Muir’s Vision of Nature. College Station: Texas A&M University Press, 2002.

  Wolfe, Linnie Marsh. Son of the Wilderness: The Life of John Muir. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1978.

  Wordsworth, William. A Guide through the Lakes in the North of England. London: Longman & Co, 1835.

  ———. “Lines Composed a Few Miles Above Tintern Abbey,” Lyrical Ballads. New York: Penguin Classics, 2007.

  Worster, Donald. A Passion for Nature: The Life of John Muir. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2008.

  Young, Samuel Hall. Alaska Days with John Muir. New York: Fleming H. Revell Co., 1915.

  Index

  Africa, 179

  Agassiz, Louis, 22, 34, 38, 65, 71, 111

  Age of Enlightenment, 61

  Alaska. See also Harriman Expedition; specific trips

  beauty of, 9

  gold, 48–49, 104, 117, 131, 132, 133–34

  purchase of, 11–12

  Alaska National Interest Lands Conservation Act (1980), 201, 210

  Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act (1971), 200

  Alaska trip (1879)

  Chilkat country, 26–32

  conditions, xi–xiii, 13–14

  Grand Pacific Glacier, 21–23

  Huna Tlingits, 14–17

  map, 62

  members, 9–10

  Pleasant Island, 25–26

  voyage home, 25–32, 35–36

  Alaska trip (1880), 41–44, 47–48, 50–51, 59–60, 62–63

  Alaska trip (1881), 58–59

  Alaska trip (1890), 67–69, 72–76, 79–84

  Alaska trip (1896), 116

  Alaska trip (1897), 116, 117

  Amazon River, 179

  America, European occupation of, 76–77

  American Antiquities Act (1906), 174

  Ancon (steamship), 96

  animals, attitudes toward, 21, 45, 115. See also hunting

  Annette Island, 130–31

  Antarctica, 162

  apostles, 26

  Arrhenius, Svante, 93–94, 153, 188

  Atlantic Monthly, 115, 116, 120, 182

  Audubon, John James, 149

  Auke Tlingits, 27, 32

  Australia, 160

  Balog, James, 209

  Baum, L. Frank, 106

  Beach, Rex, 198–99

  Bentham, Jeremy, 118

  bison, 85, 111, 142–43, 149, 150

  Bohn, Dave, 9, 84, 97, 104, 196, 199

  Boston, 109, 110

  botany trip, round-the-world, 152, 158–59, 160, 162

  Bradford, William, 76

  Brady Glacier, 50–51, 59–60, 63, 108, 197

  Brewer, William, 129, 142

  Brinkley, Douglas, 151, 153

  Brooks, Alfred, 198

  Brown, Belmore, 193

  Brown, William E. (Bill), 201

  Bryce, James, 119

  buffalo, 85, 111, 142–43, 149, 150

  Bumppo, Natty (fictional character), 77–78

  Burnham, Daniel, 105

  Burroughs, John

  Harriman Expedition, 130–31, 133, 134, 138, 139

  Muir, John, friendship with, 108–9, 126–27

  Muir Glacier, 134

  photo, 161

  Roosevelt, Teddy, and, 152

  Skagway, Alaska, 133

  Yellowstone trip, 150

  Byron, Lord, 77

  cabin at Muir Point, 82–83, 94, 98–99, 212

  Calhoun, John C., 107

  Call of the Wild (London), 153, 204

  Cammerer, Arno, 199

  Camp Muir, 73, 74, 82, 94, 97, 104, 135

  Canby, William, 120

  Cape Fox Village, 185

  “Capitalism vs. the Climate” (Klein), 209

  carbon dioxide, atmospheric, 94, 205–6

  Carnegie, Andrew, xiii, 125, 185

  Carr, Ezra Slocum, 37–38

  Carr, Jeanne, 36–38, 40, 108, 131, 159

  Carroll, James, 68, 95, 96–97, 116

  Carter, Jimmy, 210

  Cassiar (steamship), 4, 5, 6

  Catlin, George, 110–11

  Catton, Theodore, 96, 97, 189, 197–98

  census, 91

  Centu
ry magazine, 64, 66, 69, 72, 84, 108, 109–10

  Chasing Ice (film), 209

  Chicago World’s Fair, 104–6

  Chilkats, 26–32

  Churchill, Winston, 180

  City of Pueblo (steamship), 67

  City of Topeka (steamship), 56–57, 58, 97

  Civil War, 89, 90

  Clark, William, 91

  Clements, Frederic, 189

  Cleveland, Grover, 115, 116

  climate change, 113, 153, 188–89, 205–9, 211

  Colby, William, 171, 175

  College Fjord, 139, 142

  Collier’s, 169

  Colville, Frederick, 126

  conservation, 84–85, 117–19, 170

  continental drift, 189

  Coolidge, Calvin, 195

  Cooper, James Fenimore, 77–78

  Cooper, William, 187, 189–92, 195–97, 199, 201

  Copernicus, 46

  Cowles, Henry Chandler, 189, 190

  Cronon, William, 88

  cruise ships, 203–4, 205, 210

  Curtis, Edward, 126, 135–38, 139, 144, 145

  Dall, William, 126, 127, 129, 134, 143

  Darwin, Charles, 38, 46, 65

  Davidson, George, 30

  Dellenbaugh, Frederick S., 126, 132, 139

  Descartes, René, xv, 44–45

  Devereux, Walter, 132

  Disney, Walt, 106

  Doran, Captain, 139

  Douglas, Alaska, 49, 68, 117, 132. See also Treadwell Mine

  Dudley, Charles, 87

  Duncan, William, 130

  earthquakes, 164, 165, 169, 190

  Ecological Society of America, 190–91

  economics, 92, 154

  Edson, Charles L., 184

  Egypt, 160

  Ehrlich, Gretel, 11, 21, 116, 165

  electricity, 105

  Eliot, T. S., 192

  Emerson, Ralph Waldo, 38–39, 78–79, 89, 109, 110, 156

  England, 110, 111, 112

  Enlightenment, Age of, 61

  erratics, glacial, 34, 109

  European trip, 110, 111

  evolution, 38, 46, 65

  expansion, westward, 90–92, 106–8

  Fernow, Bernhard, 126, 144

  Folger, Tim, 206

  Fong, Ah, 170

  Ford, Henry, 106

  Forest and Stream, 126, 148

  Forestry Commission, 115–16

  Fox, Stephen, 8, 37, 40, 61–62, 118, 173, 176, 199–200

  France, 111

  Fremont Mining Company, 197

  Freud, Sigmund, 161, 192

  frontier, 90–92, 106–8

  Frontier Thesis, 106–8

  Fuertes, Louis Agassiz, 126, 139

  Galileo, xv, 46

  Gannett, Henry, 126, 134, 139, 145

  Garfield, James, 171, 172, 173

  geology, 38, 65, 71–72

  George W. Elder (steamship), 72–73, 97, 121. See also Harriman Expedition

  Gifford, Terry, 72

  Gilbert, Grove Karl, 126, 139, 145, 187

  Gilded Age, The (Twain and Dudley), xiii, 87, 92

  Gilding, Paul, 206

  Glacier Bay

  glaciers, retreat of, 190

  Harriman Expedition, 135–39, 140–41

  mineral exploration, 197–99

  tourists, 56–57, 58, 74, 75, 96–97, 102–3

  Glacier Bay National Monument, 191–92, 195, 197–98

  Glacier Bay National Park, 203–4

  glaciology, 32–34, 71–72, 145, 205. See also specific topics

  Glenora Peak, 4–5

  global warming, 113, 153, 205–9

  Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von, xv, 59

  Goetzmann, William H., 126, 131, 145

  gold, 48–49, 104, 117, 131, 132, 133–34

  Grand Canyon, 151, 191

  Grand Pacific Glacier, 21–23, 94, 97

  Granite Point, 155, 157

  Gray, Asa, 58, 65

  Green Boat, The (Pipher), 207

  greenhouse gas, 94, 205–6

  Griggs, Robert F., 191

  Grinnell, George Bird, 93, 129, 130, 135, 144, 148–49, 152

  Gustavus, Alaska, 211

  Harper’s Weekly, 118

  Harriman, Averell, 128

  Harriman, Edward H. See also Harriman Expedition

  children, 128, 129, 135, 139, 143

  death, 179

  Harriman Expedition, 121, 125–26, 127, 133, 135, 139, 142

  hunting, 125, 135, 138, 142

  money, attitude toward, 143–44

  Muir, John, relationship with, 125, 143–44

  Muir, John, storytelling abilities, 177

  Harriman Expedition, 125–45

  Cape Fox Village, 185

  College Fjord, 139, 142

  Douglas, Alaska, 132

  Glacier Bay, 135–39, 140–41

  gold, 131, 132, 133–34

  hunting, 125, 135, 138, 142, 143

  impetus for, 121, 125

  Juneau, Alaska, 132

  Kodiak, Alaska, 142

  legacy of, 144–45

  members, 125–26, 127–28

  Muir Glacier, 134–35, 136–37

  objective, 128

  Russian Far East, 142–43

  ship used for, 127

  Skagway, Alaska, 133

  Tlingits, 139, 140–41

  Vancouver Island, 129–31

  Wrangell, Alaska, 131–32

  Harris, Richard, 49

  Harrison, Benjamin, 85, 93

  Henry, Dan, 30–31

  Hetch Hetchy Valley/Dam, 170, 171–73, 175, 176, 180–81, 199–200

  Hines, Walter Page, 182

  Hitchcock, Ethan, 171

  Holmes, Steven J., 88–89

  Hooker, Joseph, 112

  Howling Valley, 135, 138

  Hume, David, 47

  Huna Tlingits, 14–17, 140–41

  hunting, 125, 135, 138, 142, 143, 153

  Hunting Trips of a Ranchman (Roosevelt), 148

  Ice Age in North America, The (Wright), 73

  Idaho (steamship), 58, 96

  India, 159

  Inhofe, James, 206

  Italy, 111

  Jackson, Sheldon, 3, 18, 26

  Jackson, Tim, 209

  James, Henry, 147

  Jeanette (steamship), 58–59

  Jefferson, Thomas, 91, 92, 150

  Jensen, Derrick, 209

  Johns Hopkins Glacier, 94, 97

  Johns Hopkins Inlet, 195–96

  Johns Hopkins University, 94, 107, 189

  Johnson, Robert Underwood

  Conservation Conference, 173

  Hetch Hetchy Valley, 171, 172, 180, 181

  Muir, John, description of, 64

  Muir, John, editing of, 66, 152

  Muir, John, eulogy for, 184

  Muir, John, letter from, 159

  Muir, John, New York trips, 108, 109, 179

  Juneau, Alaska, 49, 117, 132

  Juneau, Joe, 49

  Juneau Daily Empire, 191

  Kadashan, 7, 9, 15, 18, 36

  Katmai National Monument, 191

  Keeler, Charles, 125, 132, 139, 142

  Keith, William, 170, 179

  Kelly, Luther “Yellowstone,” 135, 142

  Kipling, Rudyard, 109

  Klein, Naomi, 209

  Kodiak, Alaska, 142

  Kunstler, James, 206

  Lacey, John F., 174

  laissez-faire economic philosophy, 92

  Lake District of England, 110

  la
nds, public, 110–11

  Lane, Franklin, 180

  Leatherstocking (fictional character), 77–78

  LeConte, Joseph, 22, 36, 68, 159–60

  LeConte Glacier, 36, 68

  Leopold, Aldo, 194–95

  Lewis, Meriwether, 91

  Lincoln, Abraham, 11, 61, 90, 147, 150

  London, England, 112

  London, Jack, 133, 153, 169, 204

  Loomis, Henry, 68, 72–73, 75, 76, 82

  Lord, Nancy, 128, 138

  Lyell, Charles, 22, 38, 71

  Lyon, Thomas J., 204

  Manson, Marsden, 171, 176

  Margerie Glacier, 205, 210

  Mather, Stephen T., 193–94

  McKibben, Bill, 207–8

  McKinley, William, 120, 147

  Merriam, C. Hart, 125–26, 135, 136, 139, 143

  Milankovitch, Milutin, 188–89, 211

  Mills, Enos, 193, 194

  mineral exploration in Glacier Bay, 197–99

  Mitchell, L. J., 198

  monuments, national, 174, 191–92, 195, 197–98

  Moore, Barrington, 191

  Morris, Edmund, 147, 148

  Mountains of California, The (Muir), 112

  Mount McKinley National Park, 193

  Muir, Ann (mother), 20, 109, 113, 114

  Muir, Annie (sister), 159

  Muir, Daniel (father)

  geology, condemnation of, 38, 65

  illness and death, 113–14

  Muir, John, rejection by, 46–47

  religious convictions, 19–20, 38

  severity, 19–20, 21

  Muir, David (brother), 19–20

  Muir, Helen (daughter)

  Arizona trips, 163, 165

  birth, 55

  father, final illness and death of, 184

  father, letters from, 112, 170, 177, 179

  father’s premonition about, 159

  health, 84, 105, 163, 169–70

  marriage, 170

  personality traits, 163

  photo, 164

  Muir, Joanna (sister), 113–14, 129

  Muir, John. See also Alaska trip (1879)

  Africa trip, 179

  Alaska, beauty of, 9

  Alaska trip (1880), 41–44, 47–48, 50–51, 59–60, 62–63

  Alaska trip (1881), 58–59

  Alaska trip (1890), 67–69, 72–76, 79–84

  Alaska trip (1896), 116

  Alaska trip (1897), 116, 117

  Amazon River trip, 179

  animals, feelings toward, 21, 115

  antagonistic personality, 131, 132

  appearance, 64

  attacks on, 175

 

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