Viking communication with settlers, ♣
Danish Vikings, ♣n. See also Vikings
Denis (Saint), monastery, ♣
Denmark, Ragnar’s return to, ♣
Devon, ♣, ♦, ♥
fyrd mobilization in 878, ♣–♦
divine favor, ♣
domboc (law code), ♣–♦
as foundation for justice, ♣
on oath-breaking, ♣–♦
preface, ♣
revenge killings, ♣–♦
Ten Commandments in, ♣
Dorset, ♣, ♦
Danish ships smashed by storm, ♣
double-burh, ♣–♦
dragon, carving on Whitehorse Hill as, ♣
“Dragon Hill”, ♣
dragon stories in Anglo-Saxon literature, ♣n
Dublin, Ivar’s death, ♣
Dyfed, ♣, ♦
Eadburh (queen of Wessex), ♣
ealdormen of Wessex, ♣–♦
resistance by, ♣
scorched-earth tactic of, ♣–♦
sense of principle for, ♣
Ealswith
estates left to, ♣
marriage to Alfred, ♣, ♦
as Mercian royalty, ♣–♦
East Anglia, ♣n, ♦
Æthelstan rule of, ♣
Danish army from, ♣–♦
Guthrum control of, ♣
help for Hastein, ♣
lack of aid from, ♣
and oath for peace from Danish rulers, ♣–♦
provisions for Viking camps, ♣
Viking advance on, ♣
Easter of 871, ♣
Eastern Mercia, ♣
Edington, ♣, ♦–♥, ♠
Alfred’s continued press in battle, ♣–♦
Alfred’s leadership, ♣
berserkergang, ♣–♦
Saxon shieldwall, ♣–♦
sword and axe fighting, ♣
Viking shieldwall break, ♣–♦
Edmund (king of East Anglia), ♣, ♦
commemorative coins, ♣ danegeld from, ♦
death by Vikings, ♣
Viking resources from, ♣
Edward (Alfred’s son), ♣–♦ expansion of kingdom, ♥
negotiation of exit of Vikings, ♣
Edward the Elder (Alfred’s son), ♣, ♦
Egbert’s stone, ♣
fyrds of Wessex gathering, ♣–♦
Egill (Viking warrior), ♣n
England
early rulers, ♣
map under Anglo-Saxon kingdoms, ♣
Englefield, ♣–♦, ♥, ♠
English people, ♣–♦n
Epiphany, ♣
Essex, ♣n, ♦
city walls refortification, ♣
fall of, ♣
estates, inheritance by Æthelred’s and
estates, inheritance by Alfred’s sons, ♣
Ethelred (king of Northumbria), ♣
Europe
danegeld payments by Christian rulers, ♣
plague causing famine, ♣
Viking armies in, ♣
Vikings return to, ♣
Excalibur, ♣
Exeter, ♣, ♦–♥
Exodus (scripture), ♣
exsufflatio, ♣
familial connections, baptism for
creating, ♣
families of Vikings
capture by Edward, ♣ reported arrival in England, ♦–♥
family tree,♣
famine in Europe, ♣
farmers as soldiers, impact on economy, ♣
Farnham, ♣–♦
“Father of England’s navy”, Alfred as, ♣
fear, impact on shieldwall, ♣
feasting in mead hall, ♣–♦
Flanders, ♣, ♦
flyting (insult exchange), ♣–♦
folk-moot, ♣
forgiveness, by Alfred, ♣
frithwebba (“peace-weaver”), ♣
Frome river,♣
Fulham, ♣
Fullham, ♣
Vikings departure from, ♣ fyrd, ♦–♥
delay in formation, ♣
Devon mobilization in 878, ♣–♦
release by Edward, ♣
gar (Anglo-Saxon spear), ♣
Gaul, ♣
Gee, George, ♣–♦
generosity of Alfred, ♣
George (saint)
dragon, ♣
and white horse, ♣
Ghent
Abby of Saint Peter, ♣
Viking base, ♣
Gloucester, Guthrum in, ♣
God, ability to understand wisdom of, ♣
godparent
Alfred as, for Guthram, ♣, ♦
relationship of, ♣–♦
Gokstad, Norway, burial mound excavation, ♣–♦
gold,♣
Golden Rule,♣
“the great battle”, ♣–♦
Great Britain. See Britain
Gregory the Great (pope), Pastoral Care, ♣, ♦,♥
Grendel, ♣
Grimbald, ♣
guerrilla warfare resistance, by Alfred, ♣
Guthrum, ♣, ♦–♥. See also
Æthelstan (formerly Guthrum) AD 876 march toward Wessex, ♣–♦
Alfred as godfather, ♣, ♦
army preparation for attack, ♣
army reinforcements, ♣
baptism at Alfred’s insistance, ♣, ♦–♥
broken pledge, ♣–♦,♥
control of East Anglia and Mercia, ♣
flight to Chippenham, ♣
occupation of foreign nation, ♣–♦
strategy, ♣
surrender, ♣
Gwynedd, alliance with Vikings, ♣–♦
Halfdan, ♣, ♦, ♥, ♠
and Ashdown battle, ♣
danegeld and, ♣
family captured by Edward, ♣
in Northumbria, ♣
ritual sacrifice of King Ælle, ♣
troop movement on Thames, ♣
half-penny, introduction, ♣
Halwell, defense for, ♣–♦
Hampshire, ♣, ♦, ♥
and Alfred’s army, ♣
Harold (Viking earl), ♣
harvest, fyrd protection of, ♣
Hastein (Viking chieftain), ♣
Alfred’s meeting with, ♣–♦
departure from England, ♣
in England, ♣
perception of Alfred, ♣
recruits from Danelaw, ♣
Hastings, defense for, ♣
Heahmund, ♣
Hebrews (scripture), ♣
helmet, ♣
Henry ♣, ♦
hide, ♣
Higbald, Alcuin’s letter to, ♣
Holy Island (Lindisfarne Island), ♣–♦, ♥
sacking,♣
holy ring of Thor, ♣
hope, Easter promise of, ♣
Horik, king of Danes, ♣
horns, Viking helmet and, ♣
horse, chalk outline in hill, ♣, ♦–♥
horses, ♣, ♦
as food,♣–♦
from Normandy, ♣
in Viking battle, ♣
Viking demand for, ♣
hostages
Alfred’s taking of, ♣
exchange of,♣
Halfdan’s family as, ♣
hours, candles for tracking, ♣–♦
Hugin (“thought” raven), ♣
humility, ♣
ignorance of Anglo-Saxons, Alfred’s
efforts to change, ♣–♦
Iley Oak, ♣–♦
illuminators, ♣
India, common law foundation, ♣
Ine (king of Wessex), ♣
insults, exchange of, ♣–♦
intimidation, psychological warfare of, ♣
Iona, Viking attack, ♣
Iron Age fortress of Uffington Castle, ♣
Isle of Wight, ♣
Ivar the Boneless, ♣, ♦
death, ♣
in Northumbria, ♣
in Nottingham, ♣, ♦
in York, ♣
Jarrow (monastic community), ♣
Jesus
parable on sown seeds, ♣
Sermon on the Mount, ♣–♦
words to Nicodemus, ♣
John (priest from Old Saxony), ♣
John (scriptures), ♣
Jorvik (York), ♣. See also York
Judith, ♣–♦
as Æthelbald’s wife, ♣–♦,♥
justice, ♣, ♦
domboc as foundation, ♣
Justus, ♣
Kennet river,♣
Kent, ♣n,♦,♥, ♠
Hastein attack of, ♣
king of Assyria, ♣
kings
as ring-givers,♣
role in battle, ♣
Kingstanding Hill, ♣
as location for battle of Ashdown, ♣–♦
kinship, bond by baptism, ♣
Kipling, Rudyard, ♣
“Dane-geld”, ♣–♦
“Lady of Mercia”,♣
Lambourn (estate), ♣
landed class, in battlefield, ♣
lantern, Alfred’s design, ♣
Latin, ♣, ♦, ♥
Alfred and,♣, ♦
Alfred’s improvement in reading, ♣–♦
translation into Anglo-Saxon, ♣, ♦–♥
law code. See domboc (law code)
Lea river, ♣
leaders
qualities of, ♣–♦
and shieldwall, ♣
Leo IV (pope), ♣
dispute over successor, ♣
libraries, ♣
Life of Alfred, ♣
Life of Saint Neot, ♣
Lindisfarne Island (Holy Island), ♣–♦, ♥
sacking, ♣
literacy as qualification
as qualification for office holders, ♣–♦
revival, ♣, ♦–♥,♠, †
Loddon river,♣
Loire river, ♣
Lollards,♣
London, ♣,♦
Alfred travel to, ♣–♦
Halfdan in,♣
mint, ♣
as Viking destination, ♣, ♦
loyalties of national fyrd, ♣–♦
Luna, Hastein in, ♣
Lympne river, ♣
Lys river, ♣
mail “byrnie”, ♣
marketplace in town, ♣
Markward, ♣
marriage, for connecting kingdoms, ♣–♦
Matthew (scriptures), ♣, ♦–♥
mead hall, feasting in,♣–♦
Mediterranean Sea, ♣
Medway river, ♣
Mercia, 4n, ♣
Æthelstan control of, ♣
Alfred as king, ♣–♦
Ceolwulf as puppet king, ♣, ♦
danegeld and, ♣
fall of, ♣
Guthrum control of, ♣
Hastein’s attacks on, ♣
kingdom division, ♣
lack of aid from, ♣
rebuilding infrastructure, ♣
Torksey within, ♣
Viking settlement in, ♣
Mersea Island,♣,♦
Merton, ♣–♦,♥, ♠,†
Meuse river, ♣
Middle-Earth,♣
military reforms, Alfred’s consideration, ♣–♦
moats for cities, ♣
monasteries, ♣, ♦
Viking raids on, ♣–♦
monks, decline of Christian zeal, ♣
mons fraxini, ♣
Moselle river, ♣
Moulsford, ♣
Munin (“memory” raven), ♣
Muslim mosques, Hastein’s plundering, ♣–♦
myrcna hloefdige, ♣
naval force of Wessex, ♣
Nehemiah (scriptures), ♣
Neot (monk), ♣
New Zealand, common law foundation, ♣
Nicodemus, Jesus’ words to, ♣
nobility, principles of, ♣
nobles of Wessex, ♣
betrayal of Alfred, ♣
school for children of, ♣
North Africa, ♣
“Northmen”, ♣n
Northumbria, ♣n, ♦, ♥
Danish army from, ♣–♦
fall of,♣
Halfdan in, ♣
help for Hastein,♣
invasion, ♣
lack of aid from, ♣
and oath for peace from Danish rulers, ♣–♦
puppet king removal,♣
Viking move to, ♣
Nottingham, ♣
failed siege, ♣, ♦
Viking capture, ♣
oath for peace, ♣
from Danish rulers, ♣–♦
oath-breaking penalties, ♣
prohibition, ♣–♦ oath-helpers, ♥
Odda (ealdorman of Devon), ♣, ♦, ♥
Odin (Norse god), ♣
sacrificing captive to, ♣
oestel, ♣–♦
Oise river, ♣
Old Saxony, ♣
Old Testament canon law,♣
Osberht, civil war with Ælle, ♣, ♦–♥
Osbern (Viking earl), ♣
Osburh (wife of Æthelwulf ), ♣n and Alfred’s birth, ♦
death, ♣ Oscetel,♦
Oxford, Ashmolean
Oxford, Ashmolean Museum, ♣–♦
ox-horn lantern, ♣
Pakistan, common law foundation, ♣
Palm Sunday, ♣
Paris, siege, ♣–♦
Parrett river, ♣
Pastoral Care (Gregory the Great), ♣, ♦, ♥
peace after Alfred’s victory over Guthrum, ♣
marriage to secure, ♣
“peace-weaver” (frithwebba), ♣
Pentecost, ♣
piles (disease), ♣
pilum (Roman spear), ♣
pious living, ♣
Plegmund, ♣
poetry, Anglo-Saxon, ♣–♦n, ♥
poisoning, ♣
poles (measurement), ♣
Poole Bay, ♣
Porchester, wall measurement, ♣
posse, to locate accused murderer, ♣–♦
Powys, alliance with Vikings, ♣–♦
priests, as military leaders, ♣n
Protestant Reformation, ♣
Proverbs (scripture), ♣
Psalms (scriptures), ♣
translation from Latin, ♣, ♦–♥
psychological warfare, of intimidation, ♣
Ragnar Lothbrok (Ragnar “Hairy Breeches”), ♣–♦, ♥ sons, ♠
raiding parties, Alfred’s defense against, ♣–♦
raven, ♣
Reading,♣,♦, ♥
additional Viking ships arrival, ♣
Saxon assault on, ♣
Viking capture, ♣
reformed Anglican church, ♣
reforms. See Alfred the Great (king of Wessex) reforms
repentance, Alcuin’s call for, ♣
Repton, ♣
revenge killings, ♣–♦
Rheims, ♣
Rhine river, ♣
“ring-givers”, ♣, ♦
ritual dance by Vikings before battle, ♣
rivers battles, ♣
benefits to Vikings, ♣
road system Alfred’s planning inside city walls, ♣–♦
from Roman Empire, ♣
between Wessex cities, ♣
Robin Hood, ♣
Rochester, ♣, ♦
city walls refortification, ♣
siege, ♣–♦
Viking attack, ♣–♦
Roman Empire England under control, ♣n
road system, ♣
<
br /> ruins for defense foundations, ♣
Rome
Æthelwulf ’s pilgrimage, ♣–♦
Alfred’s pilgrimage to, ♣–♦
Burgred and Æthelswith in, ♣–♦
fortification, ♣–♦
Hastein in, ♣–♦
Rother river, ♣
safety, burhs defenses and,♣
Saint Bertin (monastery), ♣
Viking attack, ♣
Saint David’s (monastery), ♣
Saint Edmund penny, ♣
Saint Maria church, ♣n
Burgred in graveyard, ♣
Saint Martin’s Day, ♣
Saint Paul’s basilica, ♣
Saint Peter’s basilica, ♣
Saracen invaders in Rome, ♣, ♦
sarsen stone, ♣–♦
sax, ♣
Saxons. See also Anglo-Saxons
English Channel crossing by, ♣n
impact of loss of life in battle, ♣
life under Viking rule, ♣
Scheldt river, ♣
Schola Saxonium, ♣n, ♦, ♥, ♠
schools, for Anglo-Saxon children, ♣
scop,♣–♦n
song of, ♣
scorched-earth tactic of ealdormen, ♣–♦
scribes, ♣
scriptures dangers from translating, ♣–♦
Hebrews, ♣
John, ♣
Matthew, ♣, ♦–♥
Nehemiah, ♣
opportunities to study, ♣–♦
Proverbs, ♣
Psalms, ♣, ♦, ♥–♠
Ten Commandments, ♣
sea battle, ♣
Seine river, ♣, ♦, ♥
Selwood Forest, ♣
Severn river, ♣, ♦
Shaftesbury (monastery), ♣
“shield boss”, ♣–♦
shields, ♣, ♦–♥
shieldwall, ♣–♦
importance of holding formation, ♣
replacement of wounded on, ♣
Saxon at Bratton Camp, ♣–♦
success of, ♣
vulnerability to break, ♣
254 shipbulding, Alfred and, ♣–♦
shire fyrds, problems mobilizing, ♣
shire-moot, ♣
Shoebury, ♣
shorelines, need to defend, ♣
Sidroc (Viking earl), ♣ Sidroc the Elder (Viking earl),
Sidroc the Elder (Viking earl), ♣
Sidroc the Younger (Viking earl), ♣
silver pennies, Alfred’s order for, ♣
Snotengaham, ♣n. See also Nottingham
solar eclipse, ♣
Soliloquies of Augustine, ♣
Somerset, ♣, ♦, ♥, ♠
Somme river, ♣, ♦
Spain, ♣
spears, ♣, ♦
to attack shieldwall, ♣–♦, ♥–♠
spiritual birth, ♣
starvation, Viking deaths from, ♣
Stour river, ♣
strake, ♣
Surrey, ♣
Sussex, ♣n,♦
city walls refortification, ♣
Danish longboats in, ♣–♦, ♥–♠
Swanage, shore of, ♣
Swinbeorg, ♣
swords, ♣, ♦
in Edington battle, ♣
Tarrant river, ♣
taxes, ♣
for danegeld, ♣
Ten Commandments, ♣
The White Horse King: The Life of Alfred the Great Page 22