p. 336
‘really the locusts of the West Indies’: ibid., 6.
p. 337
‘With some exceptions’: ibid., 4.
p. 337
‘accomplished mild and pleasing’: ibid., 113.
p. 337
‘superfluous coppers, stills and stores’: Beckford, Descriptive Account, 2:24.
p. 337
‘a design full of accident’: BL Sloane Mss 3984, fol. 217.
p. 337
‘so treacherous a plant’: Beckford, Descriptive Account, 2:39.
p. 337
no money had been repaid four years later: Sheridan, ‘Planter and Historian’, 56.
p. 337
‘My blood rebelled against the blow’: Dallas, A Short Journey in the West Indies, 11–12.
p. 337
‘tyranny, cruelty, murder’: ibid., 109.
p. 337
‘There is a kind of intoxication’: ibid., 66.
p. 338
‘daily sicken’d at the ills around me’: Ashcroft, ‘Robert Charles Dallas’, 97.
p. 338
‘I feel such repugnance … [for] negro slavery’: Watson, ‘Pollard Letters’, 100.
p. 338
‘about flogging the Negroes. Mr K. can’t bear to see them flogged’: TD, 22 February 1782.
p. 338
‘I had imbibed in the course of my education in England’: Ashcroft, ‘Robert Charles Dallas’, 98.
p. 338
‘stream of misery … repugnant to our religion’: Beckford, Remarks upon the Situation of Negroes, 3.
p. 338
‘harrowing’: ibid., 7.
p. 338
‘excruciating bodily sufferings’: ibid., 30–1.
p. 338
so ‘desperate’ that they committed suicide: ibid., 22fn.
p. 339
‘if it can be done without infringing’: ibid., 40,
p. 339
‘in which they may take delight’: ibid., 37.
p. 339
‘labouring poor’: ibid., 38.
p. 339
‘to taste the comforts of protection’: ibid., 98.
p. 339
‘humanity’ of the Africans: ibid., 17.
p. 339
‘The negroes are slaves by nature’: Beckford, Descriptive Account, 2:382.
p. 339
‘the largest property real and personal of any subject in Europe’: MSS Beckford C. 84, fol. 54.
p. 340
‘& the whole was blown up’: Lees-Milne, William Beckford, 28.
p. 341
‘We are waiting in this most detestable town’: MSS Beckford C. 15, fol. 3.
p. 341
‘I cannot help confessing that no one ever embarked’: ibid., fol. 25.
p. 341
three chefs and one confectioner employed in the kitchen: Lees-Milne, William Beckford, 41.
p. 341
‘Infernal rascal this Wildman!’: 14 April 1789, Beckford MSS C. 15, fols. 13–14.
p. 341
‘Between this harpy and two brothers’: Thorne, House of Commons, 578.
p. 341
‘My Works at Fonthill Building planting’: 5 August 1790, Beckford MSS C. 15, fol. 123.
p. 342
‘Some people drink to forget their unhappiness’: Lees-Milne, William Beckford, 50.
p. 342
the skies looked ‘very wild’: TD, 2 October 1780.
p. 343
Heavy cannon were carried 100 feet from the forts: Schomburgk, History of Barbados, 46–7.
p. 343
‘the most Beautiful Island in the World’: Burns, History of the British West Indies, 508.
p. 343
15,000 dying on Jamaica alone: ibid., 538.
p. 343
‘not greatly injured, or entirely destroyed’: Beckford, Descriptive Account, 1:106.
p. 343
Several puncheons had to be ‘immediately staved’: ibid., 116.
p. 343
‘occasioned a kind of pestilence’: ibid., 115.
p. 343
‘rapacious and unfeeling’ mortgage holders: Sheridan, ‘Planter and Historian’, 56.
p. 344
utterly unqualified to run tropical agriculture enterprises and who had never even seen the West Indies: Edwards, History, Civil and Commercial, 2:35.
p. 344
‘Come not to Jamaica’: 29 September 1784, MSS Beckford C. 26, fols. 67–70.
p. 344
‘of no heart, no feeling’. Alexander, England’s Wealthiest Son, 186.
p. 344
‘the plaguey climate’: Brumbaugh, ‘An Unpublished Letter’, 3.
p. 344
‘Somerly determined to come to England’: Dallas, A Short Journey in the West Indies, 143n.
p. 344
‘to recover a constitution broken down by sickness and affliction’: Beckford, Descriptive Account, 2:404.
p. 344
‘What a place – surrounded with fresh horrors!’: Cundall, ‘Jamaica Worthies’, 358.
29. Peace and Freedom
p. 345
180 sugar factories and 200 plantations destroyed: Deerr, History of Sugar, 2:319.
p. 345
was killed by being passed though his own sugar mill: ibid., 2:323.
p. 346
‘I am sorry to inform you St Domingo is totally evacuated’: 23 November 1798, MSS Beckford C. 37.
p. 346
‘Tho’ we lament the principal cause of such high prices’: Ragatz, Fall of the Planter Class, 206.
p. 347
‘the principal source of national opulence’: Edwards, History, Civil and Commercial, 1: Dedication.
p. 347
‘being, as I am informed, selected with great expense’: ibid., 2:124.
p. 347
‘Such eating and drinking I never saw!’: Cundall, Lady Nugent’s Journal, 78.
p. 347
‘saying dis and dat and toder’: ibid., 102.
p. 347
‘suffer much, submit to much and lead a life of misery’: Beckford, Descriptive Account, 2:377.
p. 348
‘a canoe, containing three or four black females’: Renny, An History of Jamaica, 241.
p. 348
‘they were thrown alive into the sea, it would be the loss of the underwriters’: Donnan, Documents Illustrative of the History of the Slave Trade, 2:555.
p. 349
‘The whole Body of a roasted Negro’: Deerr, History of Sugar, 2:296.
p. 349
‘no nation has plunged so deeply into this guilt’: Thomas, Slave Trade, 235.
p. 350
‘I have the great pleasure to inform you that on Thursday last’: letter book of Stephen Fuller 1784–92, J. Arch. 1B/5/14/1.
p. 350
‘in a great measure, built up by the blood of the poor Africans’: Samuel Hopkins to Moses Brown, 29 April 1784, quoted in Donnan, Documents Illustrative of the History of the Slave Trade, 3:335.
p. 350
‘created not to ruin only one good citizen but to ruin many hundreds’: quoted in Providence Journal, 16 March 2006.
p. 350
John ‘Drew his Brothers with him into a Voyage in that Unrighteous Traffic’: Hedges, Browns of Providence Plantations, 341.
p. 351
‘exert himself to support the West India Int. in the next Parliament’: Thomas Wildman to James Wildman, 6 November 1793, MSS Beckford C. 499.
p. 351
‘I was exposed not only to the sight, but also to the practice of severities’: Knutsford, Life and Letters of Zachary Macaulay, 7–8.
p. 352
By 1805 it had fallen from over £100,000 to somewhere in the region of £30,000: Lees-Milne, William Beckford, 77.
p. 353
‘one of the very few possessors of great wealth who have honestly tried to spend it poetically’: Times, 6 July 1822.
&
nbsp; p. 353
‘a desert of magnificence, a glittering waste of laborious idleness’: quoted in Knight, Gentlemen of Fortune, 125.
p. 354
‘having an antique appearance’: Pierre F. M’callum, quoted in Handler, ‘Addenda to a Guide’, 282–3.
p. 354
‘natural tendency to extravagance’: Faulks, Eighteen Months in Jamaica, 23.
p. 355
‘The very building shook at the strange yet sacred joy’: Hinton, Memoir of William Knibb, 261.
p. 356
‘an inferior social and economic organisation’: Williams, Capitalism and Slavery, 23.
p. 356
‘perhaps as disgraceful a portion of history as the whole course of time can afford’: Southey to John May, 7 March 1824, Southey, Life and Correspondence of Robert Southey, 5:170.
Epilogue
p. 359
‘Jamaican history is characteristic’: quoted in Thomson, The Dead Yard, 2.
p. 360
‘miserabell Negros borne to perpetuall slavery they and Thayer seed’: Whistler, Journal of the West India Expedition, 146.
p. 361
‘spel very prettily and repeat the Creed and Lords prayer’: Klingberg, Codrington Chronicle, 99.
p. 362
Sir Simon Codrington reported: Times 2 November 1982.
p. 363
falling to a nadir of 5,000 tons: Deerr, History of Sugar, 1:198–9.
p. 363
shrank from over 500 to just 77: Thomson, The Dead Yard, 49.
p. 363
‘The island has always been and still is run for the whites’: Albert Edwards, Panama, the Canal, the Country, the People, 21.
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Abbreviations
CUP
Cambridge University Press
HUP
Harvard University Press
JBMHS
Journal of the Barbados Museum and Historical Society
JCH
The Journal of Caribbean History
OUP
Oxford University Press
UNCP
University of North Carolina Press
UWIP
University of the West Indies Press
WMQ
William and Mary Quarterly
YUP
Yale University Press
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