Saga of Chief Joseph
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Walaitits (Nez Perce), 109–10, 134, 179, 203–4, 231–32, 349n9
Walla Walla area, 27, 28, 41
Walla Walla Tribe, 29, 34, 40–41
Walla Walla Woman, 18
Wall-lam-wat-kin band. See Nez Perces, nontreaty; Nez Perce Tribe
Wal-lit-ze. See Walaitits (Nez Perce)
Wallowa, Lake, and region, 6, 7, 72
War Chief Joseph (Howard). See Saga of Chief Joseph (Howard)
war dances, 160, 166–67, 320
War Department, 291, 295
Warner, Olin L., 305
War of 1877, xxiii, 14, 63
Warren, Felix, 345n16, 355n11
Washington, George (Mandan), 292
Washington Territory, 25
Waters, Albert, 318, 320
water scarcity, 164, 166, 167
Watkins, Colonel, 122, 181
Wa-win-te-pi-ksat, 57–58, 284, 311, 335n17
Wee’ kwetset (Guardian Spirit dance), 21–22
Weikert, Andrew J., 239, 240, 241, 242
Weikert Party attack, 239–44
Wells, Captain, 219, 224
We-lot-yah, 77, 337n11
Wetatonmi, 113, 162, 341n6, 350n10
Wheaton, Frank, 181, 194–95
Whipple, Stephen G.: approaching Lapwai Council of 1877, 97; approaching Nez Perce at Clearwater, 160–61; on Chief Joseph, 75; Chief Looking Glass and, 148–50; Cottonwood skirmish and, 150, 151–52, 152–53, 154–56; in Grande Ronde Valley, 103
whiskey. See alcohol
Whisk-tasket, Chief, 57, 85–86, 124
White, Elijah, 13–14
White Bird, Chief (Pen-pen-hi-hi), xxiv; accused of killing freighters, 218; anger of, 108; in Big Hole battle, 196, 203, 207, 215; in Camas Meadows raid, 220; in Canyon Creek battle, 352n4; Chief Joseph and, 183, 280, 343n1; as chief of Slate Creek massacre killers, 109, 111, 296, 304; in Clearwater battle, 162, 168; in Cottonwood skirmish, 345n16; in councils, 73–75, 95–96, 99, 193; Cowan Party attack and, 352n9; description of, 89; distrusting U.S. government, 44; escaping after Chief Joseph’s surrender, 282; in land distribution, 103–4; on land-inspection ride, 100–101; life of, after war, 282, 304, 355n11; meeting with Shoshone Tribe, 217–18; in Montana, 188, 189; spreading propaganda, 73, 334n10; warlike attitude of, 122, 175; in White Bird Canyon battle, 132–33, 140
White Bird, Old Chief, 355n11
White Bull, 220
Whitman, Marcus, 12–13, 15
Whitman, Narcissus (Prentiss), 12, 15
Whitman, Perrin, 16, 50, 94
Whitman massacre, 15
Wilkie, Leslie, 239, 240
Wilkinson, Lieutenant, 94, 100, 163, 247, 253
Williams, Lieutenant (later Captain), 164, 200, 208
Williams, Philip (Lahpeealoot), 117, 341n6
Wilmot, Lew P., 122, 156, 160
Winters, Captain, 103, 160–61, 162
woman asking for peace (We-lot-yah’s daughter), 78–79
woman who killed William Logan, 202, 349n9
women’s roles: in battles, 133, 204, 212, 213–14, 261, 272–73; in buffalo hunts, 47–48, 334n20; food gathering, 3, 58, 183; household chores, 3, 6, 8, 191, 198–99, 312
women writers, attitudes toward, xv–xvii
The Wonders of Geyser Land (F. Carpenter), 227
Wood, C. E. S.: in Bearpaw Mountains battle, 274; in Camas Meadows raid, 220; on Canyon Creek battle, 251; on Chief Joseph, 91, 162, 168, 174–75; on Chief Joseph’s surrender, 280, 281–82; in Clearwater battle, 164, 166–67; as lawyer, 305; Nelson A. Miles and, 278–79; Oliver O. Howard and, 278–79
Wood, Erskine, 305–6, 321
Wood, H. Clay, 52, 71, 75, 79–80, 81, 83, 84–85, 335n8
Woodbridge, Francis, 184
Woodcuck, William, 208
Woodruff, Lieutenant, 204, 272
Wool, John, 31, 41–42
Wottolen, 220, 348n6
Wright, George, 39, 41–42
Wyeth and Sublette expedition, 12
Yakima Tribe, 27, 29, 34, 37–39, 40, 41
Yakima War, 37–39, 41, 49
Yellow Bird. See Peu-peu-mox-mox, Chief
Yellow Bull: in Bearpaw Mountains battle, 272, 275–76; on Camas Meadows raid, 220; on Canyon Creek battle, 253; Chief Joseph and, 132, 163, 176–77, 192–93, 274–75, 297; at Clearwater battle, 168; Manuel family and, 341n6; at monument dedication, 318–19; in raiding party, 112; Red Moccasin-top and, 109; surrender of, 282; in White Bird Canyon battle, 140
Yellow Grizzly Bear (Heyoom Moxmox), 110
Yellow Serpent, 93–94, 338n32
Yellow Wolf: on Bearpaw Mountains battle, 267–68, 270; on Big Hole battle, 202, 209, 215, 349n1, 349n9; on Camas Meadows raid, 220–21, 225; on Canyon Creek battle, 255; on captive Nez Perce, 176; on Chief Joseph, 117, 341n6; on Chief Joseph’s family, 130, 170, 207; on Clearwater battle, 162, 170, 171; on Cottonwood skirmish, 148; Cowan party and, 227–28; on Cow Island skirmish, 260, 261, 265; on drunken Nez Perce, 218; on massacre at Slate Creek, 113; on Nez Perce ruse, 157; on Old Chief White Bird, 355n11; postwar life of, 354n10; on Richard Divine, 110; on truce party, 132; on White Bird Canyon battle, 140
Yellow Wolf: His Own Story (McWhorter), xvi, xvii, 89, 117
Young, Mr., 194
Young Chief (Umatilla), 30, 31–32, 86–87, 91, 94
About Hannah Addison Howard
Hannah Addison Howard (1904–1989) was a writer of U.S. Western history whose stories and articles have been published in magazines throughout the country. She is the author of Northwest Trail Blazers.
About Nicole Tonkovich
Nicole Tonkovich is a professor of American literature at the University of California, San Diego. She is the author of The Allotment Plot: Alice C. Fletcher, E. Jane Gay, and Nez Perce Survivance (Nebraska, 2012).
About George D. McGrath
George D. McGrath (d. 1945) was a descendant of Montana pioneers. His grandmother knew Chief Joseph as a friend.