The Vertical Farm

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The Vertical Farm Page 19

by Dr. Dickson Despommier

Claudia Cujar

  Mateusz Kruk

  Geoffrey Garst

  Gilma Mantilla

  Erica Hahn

  Karl Minges

  Schuyler Henderson

  Christopher Ovanez

  Carolyn Hettrich

  Jonathan Stettin

  Yuki Kaneda

  Sarah Wishnek

  Chris Karampathis

  Class of 2009

  Joshua Bernstock

  Yanjuska Lescaille

  Alisa M. Koval

  Sara M. Miller

  Jonathan P. Salud

  Alexander T. Varga

  Alexander T. Sonneborn

  Kate R. Weinberg

  Naomi J. Sorkin

  Daniel Yagoda

  Sunny Uppal

  Zahira Zahid

  Class of 2010

  Patrice Adele

  Lea Kiefer

  Juilee Prakash Baride

  Freda Robyn Laulicht

  Jonathan Remy Camuzeaux

  Allison Michelle Martineau

  Michelle T. Chuang

  Genevieve Sophia Slocum

  Offira Shuly Gabbay

  Ida Hui Suen

  Elizabeth Ellen Hornyak

  Iesha Wadala

  Author’s Note on the Rainforest Fund

  The Rainforest Fund (www.rainforestfund.org) was established in 1989 by Sting and his wife, Trudie Styler, out of their deep passion for preserving what is left of the world’s rainforests. I also am a big fan of rainforests, having visited many of them in my travels around the world. They are Earth’s most beautiful places, bar none. I donate to Sting and Trudie’s foundation and will continue to do so in the future. I realize that my contributions are likely a small sum in comparison to what is needed, but every little bit helps. My hope is that others who have not yet learned about their cause will also become motivated to help in the fund-raising effort needed to have an impact on rainforest protection and reforestation.

  Suggested Reading

  Chapter 1. Remodeling Nature

  Defoe, Daniel. A Journal of the Plague Years by a Citizen Who All the While Continued to Live in London. Volume 6 of The Shakespeare Head Edition of the Novels and Selected Writings of Daniel Defoe. Oxford, England: Blackwell, 1927.

  Freuedenberg, Nicholas, and Sandro Galea. Cities and Health of the Public. Nashville, Tenn.: Vanderbilt University Press, 2006.

  Lovelock, James. The Ages of Gala. New York: W.W. Norton & Company, Inc., 1988.

  McDonough, William, and Michael Braungart. Cradle to Cradle. New York: North Point Press/Farrar, Strauss & Giroux. 2002.

  McHarg, Ian L., Design with Nature. Hoboken, New Jersey: Wiley Publishers, 1995.

  www.hydroponicsfarming.com/

  www.verticalfarm.com

  Chapter 2. Yesterday’s Agriculture

  Balter, Michael. “Plant Science: Seeking Agriculture’s Ancient Roots.” Science Magazine, June 29, 2007, pp. 1830–35.

  Mazoyer, Marcel, and Laurence Roudart, A History of World Agriculture: From the Neolithic Age to the Current Crisis. London/Stirling, Virginia: 2006.

  www.archaeology.about.com/od/stoneage/ss/tishkoff_2.htm - Human migrations

  www.comp-archaeology.org/AgricultureOrigins.htm

  www.esciencenews.com/articles/2009/03/23/researchers.find.earliest.evidence.domesticated.maize

  Chapter 3. Today’s Agriculture

  Brown, Stephen R. A Most Damnable Invention: Dynamite, Nitrates, and the Making of the Modern World. New York: Thomas Dunne Books/St. Martin’s Press, 2005.

  Carson, Rachel. Silent Spring. New York: Houghton Mifflin Company, 1962.

  Simpson, Sarah. “Nitrogen Fertilizer: Agricultural Breakthrough—An Environmental Bane.” Scientific American, March 20, 2009.

  Steinbeck, John. The Grapes of Wrath.

  www.civilwar.com/ - civil war history

  www.lightingtechnologygreenhouse.org/

  www.sjgs.com/history.html - discovery of oil

  www.ssbtractor.com/features/Ford_tractors.html - History of Ford tractors

  www.waterforpeople.org/site/PageServer

  Chapter 4. Tomorrow’s Agriculture

  Despommier, Dickson. The Future of Our Food. Concilience, 2010.

  The State of Food and Agriculture 2009 Livestock in the balance. Food and Agriculture Organization publication. January 2010 ISBN: 978-92-5-106215-9

  www.climateandfarming.org/

  www.efma.org/…/Forecast%20of%20food,%20Farming%20and%20fertilizer%20Use%20in%20the%20European%20…- PDF on future of fertilizer usage in Europe

  www.fao.org/worldfoodsituation/wfshome/en/?no_cache=1

  www.futurist.com/articles-archive/questions/future-of-agriculture/

  Chapter 5. The Vertical Farm: Advantages

  International Symposium on High Technology for Greenhouse System Management: Greensys2007

  Kenyon, Stewart and Howard M. Resh, Hydroponics for the Home Gardner. 6th Ed. Toronto: Key Porter Books.

  Practical Hydroponics and Greenhouse Magazine (Australia)

  www.aben.cornell.edu/extension/CEA/indexv4.htm

  www.actahort.org/books/801/801_48.htm

  www.aesop.rutgers.edu/~horteng/

  www.ag.arizona.edu/CEAC/

  www.hydroponicist.com/

  www.thinairgrowingsystems.com/ (aeroponics)

  Chapter 6. The Vertical Farm: Form and Function

  Gissen, David ed. Big and Green: Towards Sustainable Architecture in the 21st Century. Princeton Architectural Press.

  Samuelson, Timothy J. Louis Sullivan, Prophet of Modern Architecture. New York: W.W. Norton & Company, 1998.

  www.architecture.about.com/od/construction/g/ETFE.htm

  www.edenproject.com/

  www.lightingtechnologygreenhouse.org/ Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Lighting Research Center

  Chapter 7. The Vertical Farm: Social Benefits

  Christensen, Clayton M. et al. Seeing What’s Next: Using Theories of Innovation to Predict Industry Change. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard Business School Publishing, 2004.

  Chapter 8. The Vertical Farm: Alternate Uses

  Ahmed, Iqbal, Farrukh Aqil, and Mohammad Owais, eds. Modern Phyto-medicine: Turning Medicinal Plants into Drugs. Wiley VCH, Pubs., 2006.

  Yaniv, Zohara, Uriel Bachrach, eds. Handbook of Medicinal Plants. Binghamton, New York: Food Products Press, 2005.

  www.converanet.com/environment/living-machines-water-treatment

  www.discovermagazine.com/2008/may/23-from-toilet-to-tap

  http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052748703503804575083611168442980.html

  http://riley.nal.usda.gov/nal_display/index.php?info_center=8&tax_level=3&tax_subject=6&topic_id=1052&level3_id=6599&level4_id=0&level5_id=0&placement_default=0 At this Web site: USDA Web sites on Biofuels (PDF 88 KB).

  Chapter 9. Food Fast-Forwarded

  Rainey, David L. Sustainable Business Development: Inventing the Future Through Strategy, Innovation and Leadership. Cambridge University Press, 2006.

  Web Resources

  http://www.agreenroof.com/page8.html

  Green Living™ Technologies is a privately owned company providing products and services that facilitate and simplify the integration of environmental technologies such as Green Roofs and Green Walls into our dwellings and work spaces as we empower local businesses and communities with a model that practices environmental, social, and economic responsibility.

  www.agricultureinformation.com/mag

  Agriculture and industry magazine

  http://attra.ncat.org

  Looking for the latest in sustainable agriculture and organic farming news, events, and funding opportunities? We feature all that, plus in-depth publications on production practices, alternative crop and livestock enterprises, innovative marketing, organic certification, and highlights of local, regional, USDA, and other federal sustainable agriculture activities.

  www.bkfarms.com

  Brooklyn Farms—hydroponic superstore

  www.brightfarmsys
tems.com

  Bright Farms Systems is a hydroponic rooftop greenhouse design and consultancy firm located in NYC.

  http://cityscapefarms.com

  Cityscape Farms is a hydroponic rooftop greenhouse company based out of San Francisco.

  http://coolfoodscampaign.org

  The Cool Foods Campaign educates the public about how food choices can affect global warming and empowers them with the resources to reduce this impact.

  http://earthtrends.wri.org

  EarthTrends is a comprehensive online database, maintained by the World Resources Institute, that focuses on the environmental, social, and economic trends that shape our world.

  www.energysavers.gov/renewable_energy/ocean/index.cfm/mytopic=50010

  Information about ocean thermal energy conversion (OTEC), a type of renewable power harnessing the battery-like method of harnessing power from big bodies of water.

  http://esa.un.org/unup

  World urbanization prospects

  http://www.fao.org/docrep/U8480E/U8480E07.HTM

  An atlas of food and agriculture

  www.fas.usda.gov

  FAS Mission Statement

  Linking U.S. agriculture to the world to enhance export opportunities and global food security.

  http://food-hub.org

  Food Hub is an online network that connects local food producers to local food buyers.

  www.foodinsight.org

  The International Food Information Council Foundation provides food-safety, nutrition, and healthful-eating information to help you make good and safe food choices.

  http://thefoodproject.org

  Since 1991, The Food Project has built a national model of engaging young people in personal and social change through sustainable agriculture.

  www.gardenofedenhydroponics.co.uk/home.php?cat=5

  A wide variety of powered and nonpowered systems to suit every situation; kind of like amazon.com but strictly for hydroponics equipment.

  www.theglobaleducationproject.org/earth/index.php

  A few years ago a group of educators from British Columbia, Canada, set out to try to get an objective look at the state of the world. We wanted The Big Picture—not just this or that issue—but the most essential points of every important issue: The Executive Summary of the state of the planet. This Web site is the result of that search. The site (and the accompanying wall chart) are here to show you—in as clear, objective, and accessible a format as possible—the condition of the world, both its natural and human elements.

  http://gothamgreens.com

  Gotham Greens is a rooftop hydroponic greenhouse company in NYC.

  www.grain.org/front

  GRAIN is a small international nonprofit organization that works to support small farmers and social movements in their struggles for community-controlled and biodiversity-based food systems, mostly in Latin America, Asia, and Africa.

  www.greenroofs.org

  Green Roofs for Healthy Cities—North America Inc. is now a rapidly growing not-for-profit industry association working to promote the green roofs throughout North America.

  www.growingedge.com

  Blog on hydroponics and DIY gardening

  www.hvcnyc.com

  High View Creations is a rooftop garden and vertical wall garden company in NYC.

  www.hydrogrown.com/reading_material_ghe.asp

  Reading materials from General Hydroponics Europe

  www.hydroponics.com.au/

  The leading hydroponics and greenhouse magazine in the world

  http://inka.fm

  Inka Biospheric Systems is a socially conscious company that has created a series of solutions in response to the global “water, food, and housing” crisis.

  www.justfood.org

  Just Food works to increase access to fresh, healthy food in NYC and to support the local farms and urban gardens that grow it.

  www.ledgrowlights.com

  LEDGrowLights™ combine the gentleness of fluorescents with the growing power of HIDs. Our lights are warm to the touch and have a minimum useful lifetime of 50,000 hours—the equivalent of 18 hours a day for 7½ years.

  http://www.theledlight.com

  Everything made with LED lights

  www.meti.go.jp/english/policy/sme_chiiki/plantfactory/index.html

  Plant factories in Japan

  http://www.mingodesign.com/

  Green wall company

  http://na.fs.fed.us/ecosystemservices/carbon/faq.shtm

  Carbon market opportunities for private forest landowners

  www.netafim.com/offerings/greenhouse

  Netafim™ Greenhouse, one of the world’s leading greenhouse solution providers, has accrued vast global experience in providing highly specialized, state-of-the-art greenhouse systems, commercial greenhouses, and greenhouse equipment.

  www.nrcs.usda.gov/programs/crp/

  The Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) provides technical and financial assistance to eligible farmers and ranchers to address soil, water, and related natural resource concerns on their lands in an environmentally beneficial and cost-effective manner.

  www.nysawg.org

  The New York Sustainable Agriculture Working Group (NYSAWG) fosters and promotes sustainable agriculture practices and sustainable local food systems.

  http://our.windowfarms.org

  Windowfarms are suspended, hydroponic, modular, low-energy, high-yield edible food gardens built using low-impact or recycled local materials.

  www.pacinst.org

  The Pacific Institute is a nonpartisan research institute that works to advance environmental protection, economic development, and social equity.

  http://www.postcarbon.org

  Founded in 2003, Post Carbon Institute is leading the transition to a more resilient, equitable, and sustainable world.

  www.rickbayless.com/foundation/about.html

  The Frontera Farmer Foundation is a nonprofit organization committed to promoting small, sustainable farms serving the Chicago area by providing them with capital development grants.

  www.skyvegetables.com

  Sky Vegetables is a rooftop hydroponic greenhouse company based out of San Francisco.

  www.smallplanetinstitute.org/home

  Living democracy, feeding hope.

  www.startech.net

  The mission of Startech—a plasma arc gasifier company—is to change the way the world views and employs discarded materials, what many would now call waste.

  www.statemaster.com/encyclopedia/Aeroponics

  Aeroponics methods overview

  http://sustainableagriculture.net

  The National Sustainable Agriculture Coalition (NSAC) is the leading voice for sustainable agriculture in the federal policy arena, joining together the voices of grassroots farm, food, conservation, and rural organizations from all regions of the country to advocate for federal policies and programs supporting the long-term economic, social, and environmental sustainability of agriculture, natural resources, and rural communities.

  http://www.time.com/time/photogallery/0,29307,1626519_1373664,00.html

  What the World Eats: a photo essay

  http://www.unep.org/dewa/assessments/ecosystems/water/vitalwater/15.htm#16

  Global water usage maps

  www.unicef.org/sowc08/

  The State of the World’s Children, 2008, assesses the state of child survival and primary health care for mothers, newborns, and children today. These issues serve as sensitive barometers of a country’s development and well-being and as evidence of its priorities and values. Investing in the health of children and their mothers is a human rights imperative and one of the surest ways for a country to set its course toward a better future.

  www.usda.gov/oce/commodity/wasde/index.htm

  The World Agricultural Supply and Demand Estimates (WASDE) report provides USDA’s comprehensive forecasts of supply and demand for major U.S. and global crops and U.S. livestock. The report gathers information from a number of statistical r
eports published by USDA and other government agencies, and provides a framework for additional USDA reports.

  www.usda.gov/wps/portal/usdahome

  USDA

  www.vector-foiltec.com/cms/gb/index.php

  Design and construction firm using ETFE expertly

  www.worldfoodprize.org

  The World Food Prize is the foremost international award recognizing—without regard to race, religion, nationality, or political beliefs—the achievements of individuals who have advanced human development by improving the quality, quantity, or availability of food in the world.

  Additional Suggestions

  Here are more sites to facilitate further exploration on selected topics.

  http://www.aben.cornell.edu/extension/CEA/indexv4.htm

  http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2008AdSpR..41..730K

  www.africa.ufl.edu/asq/v6/v6i3a2.htm

  http://ag.arizona.edu/ceac/research/archive/hydroponics.htm

  http://ag.arizona.edu/hydroponictomatoes.html

  http://aquaculture-hydroponics-greenhouse.blogspot.com

  www.articlesbase.com/gardening-articles/the-history-of-hydroponics-throughout-the-ages-405950.html

  www.backyardfarms.com

  www.baltimoreurbanag.org

 

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