54 Ladies admiring potted plants, from the untitled frontispiece to Marshall's Ladies Fashionable Repository (1827). Private collection.
55 Charles Grignon after Nathan Drake, ‘Prospect of a Noble Terras Walk’, York c.1756. Photograph courtesy of York City Art Gallery.
56 An untitled illustration of two ladies in a phaeton, from Heideloff's Gallery of Fashion (1794). Private collection.
57 George Woodward, ‘A Nottingham Card Party’, 1797. Photograph courtesy of the City of Nottingham Museum and Art Gallery.
58 George Woodward, ‘A Polite Congregation’, 1797. Photograph courtesy of the City of Nottingham Museum and Art Gallery.
59 Moses Griffiths, Harrowgate Wells, 1772. Photograph courtesy of Harrogate Museum and Art Gallery.
60 John Raphael Smith, Chalybeate Well, 1796. Photograph courtesy of Harrogate Museums and Art Gallery.
61 ‘A Trip To Scarborough A.D. 1783’. Private collection.
62 James Northcote, R.A., Grouse-shooting in the Forest of Bowland, 1802. Private collection.
63 John Wootton, John Warde and his Family, 1735. Photograph by kind permission of Mr and Mrs John Warde of Squerries.
64 ‘A Foxhunting Breakfast’, 1777. Photograph courtesy of the British Museum.
65 The untitled frontispiece to the Lady's Magazine, vol. 11 (1780). Private collection.
66 ‘The Patriotic Parting’, from the Lady's Magazine, vol. 13 (1782). Private collection.
Index
Note: Page references in italics refer to illustrations and their captions. Page numbers in bold type indicate persons listed in the Biographical Index (Appendix 2).
A. B., Mrs (i), (ii)
abortion (i)
accounting (i), (ii)
acting see theatre; theatricals, private
Addison, Elizabeth (i)
and child care (i)
and infant feeding (i), (ii)
and pregnancy and childbirth (i), (ii), (iii)
Addison, Joseph (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi)
adoption (i)
advertising (i), (ii)
advice literature
and courtesy (i), (ii), (iii)
and courtship (i)
and domesticity (i), (ii), (iii)
and household management (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi)
and marriage (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)
and motherhood (i)
age
and consumption (i)
and fashion (i)
and sociability (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)
Aikin, J. (i)
Ainsworth, Alice (i), (ii), (iii)
alehouse (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)
Alkincoats Hall, Colne (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)
and family history (i)
furnishing (i)
and hospitality (i)
and household management (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)
and servants (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii)
and sociability (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii)
America
and female consumption (i), (ii)
and the social sphere (i), (ii)
American War of Independence (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)
Amherst, Elizabeth (i)
Andrew, Donna (i)
Anglicanism
church-going (i)
distaste for enthusiasm (i), (ii), (iii)
and politeness (i)
response to illness and death (i), (ii)
see also clerics
annulments (i)
anti-slavery societies (i)
apprenticeships (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)
and Parker sons (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)
Ariès, P. (i), (ii), (iii)
aristocrats
and childbirth (i), (ii)
criticisms of (i)
and family size (i)
and fashion (i), (ii), (iii)
and household management (i), (ii)
and manners (i), (ii)
and marriage (i)
and public life (i), (ii), (iii)
as social category (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)
as trend-setters (i)
and trials (i)
visibility (i), (ii), (iii)
see also gentry
Aspinall, Helen (i)
Aspinall, James (i)
Aspinall, John (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)
and Clitheroe election of 1781 (i), (ii), (iii)
and public life (i)
Aspinall, John (younger) (i)
Aspinall, N. (i)
assemblies
and balls (i)
court (i)
and fashion (i)
provincial (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x)
as public space (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi)
queen of assembly (i), (ii)
Assheton, Elizabeth (i)
Assheton, Ralph (i)
Assheton, William (i)
Astell, Mary (i)
Atkinson, Betty (i), (ii)
Atterbury, (i)
Austen, Jane (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi)
Austrian Succession War (i)
authority, female (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)
and government of servants (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii)
and housekeeping (i), (ii), (iii)
and motherhood (i)
authority, male
and doctor (i), (ii)
and father (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)
and husband (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii)
challenges to (i)
mockery of (i)
manipulation of patriarchy (i)
and manners (i)
autobiographies see diaries and autobiographies
Bacon, Nathaniel (i)
Baines, E. (i)
balls (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii)
assize (i), (ii)
charity (i)
children's (i), (ii)
court (i)
dancing masters' (i)
see also dancing masters; masquerades
Barcroft, Capt. Ambrose William (i), (ii)
Barcroft, Barbara (i)
Barcroft, Elizabeth (i), (ii)
Barcroft, Ellen (i), (ii), (iii)
and public life (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)
Barcroft family (i)
correspondence network (i)
Barcroft, John (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)
Barcroft, Martha (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)
Barcroft, Miss Mary (i), (ii)
Barcroft, Mrs Mary (i)
Barcroft, Misses (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)
Barcroft, William (i)
Barker, Elizabeth, and servants (i)
Barrowford (i)
see also Pasture House
Barry, J. (i), (ii)
Bateman, Joseph (i)
Bath
and pleasure gardens (i)
and season (i), (ii), (iii)
and visiting (i)
and walks (i)
Baudrillard, Jean (i)
bay makers (i)
Beckett, J. V. (i)
Beckford, William (i)
bedroom, and sociability (i)
benevolence see charity and philanthropy
bereavement see death; grief
Bermingham, Ann (i)
Betts, George (i)
Birkenshaw, Thomas (i)
birth see childbirth
birth control see contraception
Bishop, Mrs (i)
Bishop, N. (i)
Blackmore, Henry (i)
boarding schools (i)
and childhood illnesses (i)
for girls (i), (ii)
body, and ideology of difference (i)
Bolton (i), (ii), (iii)
book clubs (i), (ii)
Bordieu, Pierre (i)
Borsay, P. (i)
Boswell, James (i), (ii)
bottlefeeding, dangers of (i)
/> Bowen, M. (i), (ii), (iii)
Bowyer, Mrs D. (i)
Boynton, Lydia (i)
Bradley, Mrs Margaret (i)
breakfast (i), (ii), (iii)
breast-feeding (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)
cult (i)
length of (i)
and milk-fever (i), (ii), (iii)
and weaning (i)
see also bottlefeeding; wet-nursing
Brewer, J. (i)
Brigge, William (servant) (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)
Brome family (i), (ii)
Brookes, Emily (i), (ii)
brothers (i)
Browsholme Hall (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi)
and hospitality (i), (ii)
servants (i), (ii)
Buck, Anne (i)
Bulcock family (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)
Bulcock, James (i), (ii)
Bulcock, John (i), (ii)
Bulcock, Nancy (i), (ii)
Bulcock, Robert (i), (ii)
bullbaiting (i), (ii)
Burney, Frances
and marriage (i)
and material culture (i)
and private life (i)
and private theatricals (i)
and public life (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi)
Burnley
and public life (i), (ii)
and shopping (i)
and textile manufacture (i)
Butler, Edmund (i)
Butler, Marilyn (i)
Butler family (i), (ii)
canals (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)
Canning, George (i), (ii)
capitalism
and centralisation of manufacturing (i)
and separation of public and private (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)
card parties (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix)
Carleton, Elizabeth (i)
Carlyle, Alexander (i)
Carr Hall (i), (ii)
carriages see coaches and carriages
caudle (i), (ii)
Chalus, Elaine (i)
chaperonage (i), (ii)
Chapone, Hester (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)
charity and philanthropy (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)
and balls (i)
and sociability (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)
Charlotte, Princess (i)
Charterhouse School (i), (ii), (iii)
chastity
and women (i), (ii)
see also sexuality
Chesterfield, Philip Dormer Stanhope, 4th earl (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii)
childbirth (i)
birth attendants (i)
death in childbed (i), (ii)
fear of (i), (ii), (iii)
and lying in (i), (ii), (iii)
place of confinement (i), (ii)
and post-natal melancholy (i)
recovery from (i), (ii)
rituals (i), (ii)
role of doctors (i), (ii)
see also midwifery; pregnancy
children
attitudes to (i), (ii), (iii)
and child care (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)
death of (i), (ii), (iii)
feeding (i), (ii)
see also breast-feeding; weaning; wet-nursing
illnesses (i), (ii)
and paternal violence (i)
pleasures in (i), (ii)
preference for (i)
and public life (i)
and rediscovery of childhood (i)
rights over (i), (ii), (iii)
and stepchildren (i), (ii)
see also daughters; fathers; girls; motherhood
Childs, Fenela (i), (ii)
‘Choice of a Husband’ (i)
‘Choice of a Wife’ (i)
Chorley, Mary (i), (ii), (iii)
and education (i)
and housekeeping (i)
and reading (i), (ii), (iii)
and sea bathing (i)
and tourism (i)
and trials (i)
church
and music (i)
as public space (i), (ii), (iii)
see also courts, church
churching (i), (ii)
citizenship, female (i)
civility (i), (ii), (iii)
and manners (i), (ii)
see also hospitality; politeness
Clark, Alice (i), (ii)
class, vocabulary of (i)
Clayton, Dolly (i), (ii), (iii)
Clayton family (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)
Clayton, John (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)
Clayton, Mary see Warde, Mary (of Squerries Court)
Clayton, Thomas (i), (ii)
cleaning/cleanliness (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)
see also nastiness
clerics
and gentry (i), (ii)
see also Anglicanism
Clifford, Lady Anne (i)
Clitheroe
disputed election of 1781 (i), (ii), (iii)
and public life (i)
clothing see dress
clubs
for men (i)
for women (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)
coaches and carriages (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii)
coach and six (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)
cockfighting (i), (ii), (iii)
Cockshott, John (i)
Cockshott, Thomas (i)
‘coffee-house’, female (i), (ii)
Coleman, D. C. (i)
Colley, Linda (i), (ii)
Collier, Jeremy (i)
Colne
and communications (i)
Piece Hall (i), (ii), (iii)
and public life (i)
and shopping (i), (ii)
and textile manufacture (i)
Colquoun, Patrick (i)
coming out (i), (ii)
communications see letters and letter-writing; mobility; newspapers; periodicals; roads; turnpikes
compliments, exchange of (i), (ii), (iii)
concert hall, as public space (i), (ii)
concerts (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)
conduct books see advice literature
conduct letters see letters and letter-writing
confinement see childbirth
Connoisseur (i)
consumerism
conspicuous (i), (ii), (iii)
female (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)
attacks on (i)
and expertise (i)
and meaning of possessions (i), (ii)
and gifts (i), (ii), (iii)
and luxury (i), (ii)
male (i), (ii), (iii)
management (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)
and status (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)
see also culture, female consumption;
fashion; shopping; shops
contraception (i)
and breast-feeding (i), (ii), (iii)
conversation
clubs (i), (ii)
and politeness (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)
and poor conversationalists (i)
women's role m (i), (ii)
‘conversation, criminal’ (i), (ii), (iii)
cooking (i)
and dairying (i)
pickling and preserving (i), (ii), (iii)
cooks (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)
Cookson, M. (i)
Cooper, Mrs A. (i)
cotton manufacturers (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi)
court
and culture (i), (ii)
and fashion (i), (ii), (iii)
and manners (i)
and public life (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)
courtesy literature see advice literature
courts, as public space (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)
courts, church
and courtship (i)
and marriage (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)
courtship (i)
clandestine (i), (ii)
female strategies (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)
and female supremacy (i), (ii)
freedom and con
straint (i)
length (i), (ii)
male strategies (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)
and marriage (i), (ii), (iii)
rhetorical restraint (i), (ii)
and role of friends (i), (ii), (iii)
see also marriage; romanticism; sincerity
covetousness, female (i), (ii)
Cowgill, James (i), (ii)
Cowper, Sarah (i), (ii)
Crawford, Patricia (i)
Cromblehome, Elizabeth (i), (ii), (iii)
culture
female consumption (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii)
male consumption (i)
material (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi)
domestic (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi)
and dress (i)
and meaning (i), (ii)
see also consumerism; dress; fashion;
furniture; shopping
Cunliffe family (i), (ii)
Cunliffe, Henry (i), (ii)
Cunliffe, Henry Owen (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)
and ostentation (i)
and reading (i)
and sociability (i), (ii), (iii)
Cunliffe, Mary (i), (ii)
and public life (i), (ii)
Cunliffe, Robert (i)
Cunnington, C. W. & P. (i)
Curron, William (i)
dairy (i), (ii)
dancing masters (i), (ii), (iii)
daughters
indulgence towards (i), (ii)
preference for (i), (ii), (iii)
and submission (i), (ii)
Daunsey, Mrs E. (i)
Davidoff, L. (i)
Dawson, John (i)
Dawson-Greene correspondence
network (i), (ii), (iii)
De Saussure, Cesar (i), (ii), (iii)
death
in childbirth (i), (ii)
of children (i), (ii), (iii)
response to (i)
debating societies
female (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)
mixed (i)
decorum
abandonment (i), (ii)
and courtship (i)
and dress (i), (ii)
and politeness (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii)
and public life (i)
Defoe, Daniel (i), (ii)
Delany, Mary (i)
deputy lieutenants (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi)
and property qualification (i), (ii)
and William Gossip (i), (ii), (iii)
Devis, Arthur, The Parker Conversation Piece (i), (ii)
Devonshire, Georgiana, Duchess (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi)
diaries and autobiographies (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)
as evidence of consumption (i)
memorandum books (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix)
motives for writing (i)
see also Shackleton, Elizabeth
Dickson, Charlotte (i), (ii)
dignity
female (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi)
male (i), (ii)
dining-room (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)
dinner (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii)
The Gentleman's Daughter Page 56