by Caleb Nelson
[367] Green, Amanda. “A Brief History of Political Halloween Masks (and What They Tell Us About the Election). MentalFloss.com. 24 Oct 2012. mentalfloss.com/article/12859/brief-history-political-halloween-masks-and-what-they-tell-us-about-election. Accessed 23 Aug 2013.
[368] MoDem. “Obama at the Missouri State Fair.” Daily Kos. 11 Aug 2013. dailykos.com/story/2013/08/11/1230444/-Obama-at-the-Missouri-State-Fair#. Accessed 23 Aug 2013.
[369] Howerton, Jason. “‘We Let the Tea Party Steal Our Thunder’ Eliot Spitzer Can’t Understand Why Liberalism Isn’t ‘Persuading the Public.’” 3 Jul 2012. The Blaze. Online. theblaze.com/stories/we-let-the-tea-party-steal-our-thunder-eliot-spitzer-cant-understand-why-tea-party-movement-is-outshining-liberalism/. Accessed 6 Jul 2012.
[370] Biddle, “Moral High Ground.” Online.
[371] Piekoff, OP, 286.
[372] Rand, Ayn. For the New Intellectual (New York: Signet, 1963), 54.
[373] Rand, Ayn. The Voice of Reason (New York: Signet, 1990), 252.
[374] Quoted in Biddle, Craig. “Immigration and Individual Rights.” The Objective Standard. Spring 2008, Online. theobjectivestandard.com/issues/2008-spring/immigration-individual-rights.asp. Accessed 6 May 2011.
[375] ibid.
[376] ibid.
[377] Crovitz, L. Gordon. “You Commit Three Felonies a Day.” 27 Sep 2009. The Wall Street Journal. Online. online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052748704471504574438900830760842.html. Accessed 5 Jul 2012.
[378] Biddle, “Immigration,” Online.
[379] Dewey, John. “My Pedagogic Creed.” (1897). Available online. en.wikisource.org/wiki/My_Pedagogic_Creed. Accessed 3 Oct 2014.
[380] Paterson, Isabel. The God of the Machine (Originally published in 1943, Qualiteri eBook, 2009), Chapter 21.
[381] Bernstein, Andrew. “The Educational Bonanza in Privatizing Government Schools.” The Objective Standard. Winter 2010-11: 21-34. Print.
[382] Chung, Lori. “14-year-old Set to Graduate from Monticello High School.” 8 Jun 2010. YNN. hudsonvalley.ynn.com/content/news/507410/14-year-old-set-to-graduate-from-monticello-high-school/. Accessed 25 Sep 2013.
[383] Miller Center, University of Virginia. “American President: Andrew Johnson.” Online. millercenter.org/president/johnson. Accessed 31 Jan 2012.
[384] Paterson, Machine, 21.
[385] Bernstein, Bonanza. Online.
[386] Postrel, Virginia. “U.S. Universities Feast on Federal Student Aid.” Bloomberg Businessweek. 12 Dec 2011. Online. businessweek.com/news/2011-12-09/u-s-universities-feast-on-federal-student-aid-virginia-postrel.html. Accessed 31 Jan 2012.
[387] Quoted in LaFerrara, Michael, A. “Toward a Free Market in Education: School Vouchers or Tax Credits?” The Objective Standard. Spring 2011:21-33. Print.
[388] LaFerrara, “School Vouchers or Tax Credits?” 21-33.
[389] We could not devote space in this book for a treatment of the harm that the National Education Association and its leadership is doing to the education of children in the United States. If interested, begin your own study of how teachers’ unions and the Department of Education put their own power and politics before the teaching of children.
[390] Pavlich, Katie. “Despite Recession, Americans Give to Charity in 2010.” 20 Jun 2011. Online. townhall.com/tipsheet/katiepavlich/2011/06/20/despiterecession,americansgivetocharityin2010. Accessed 5 Feb 2012.
[391] Biddle, Craig. Loving Life: The Morality of Self-Interest and the Facts That Support It (Richmond, Virginia: Glen Allen Press, 2002), 126.
[392] Rinaldi, Tom. “Ritchie Parker: Drive.” ESPN. 23 Jul 2013. youtube.com/watch?v=qiLDMBDPCEY. Accessed 23 Jul 2013.
[393] Biddle, Loving Life, 123-25.
[394] Rand, Ayn. “Collectivized Ethics.” The Virtue of Selfishness (New York: Signet, 1964), 80.
[395] Biddle, Loving Life, 126.
[396] Binswanger, Harry (ed). The Ayn Rand Lexicon. Online. aynrandlexicon.com/lexicon/governmentgrantsandscholarships.html. Accessed 1 Aug 2011.
[397] McCain, John. youtube.com/watch?v=VXB3ELfLgdk. Fox News Sunday. 18 Oct. 2011. Online. Accessed 25 Aug 2011. Emphasis added.
[398] Zinser, Lin. and Paul Hsieh. “Moral Health Care vs. Universal Health Care.” The Objective Standard. Winter 2007. Online. theobjectivestandard.com/issues/2007-winter/moral-vs-universal-health-care.asp. Accessed 17 May 2011.
[399] As told to the authors by Chelsea Nelson.
[400] Klein, Philip. “Blame Government-Run Health Care for Nanny Bloomberg’s Soda Ban.” Washington Examiner. Online. 6 Jun 2012. washingtonexaminer.com/article/699896. Accessed Sep 11, 2012.
[401] Hsieh, Paul. “Health Care and the Separation of Charity and State.” The Objective Standard. Spring 2011. Online. theobjectivestandard.com/issues/2011-spring/health-care-charity-state.asp. Accessed 20 May 2011.
[402] Forbes, Steve. and Elizabeth Ames. How Capitalism Will Save Us (New York: Crown Business, 2009), 240.
[403] ibid, 270.
[404] Allison, A., Parry, J., and W. Cleon Skousen. The Real George Washington (Washington D.C.: National Center for Constitutional Studies, 1991), 670.
[405] Brook, Yaron. Alex Epstein. “‘Just War Theory; vs. American Self-Defense.” The Objective Standard. Spring 2006. Online. theobjectivestandard.com/issues/2006-spring/just-war-theory.asp. Accessed 5 Aug 2011.
[406] ibid.
[407] Biddle, Craig. “America’s Self-Crippled Foreign Policy: An Interview with Yaron Brook, Elan Journo, and Alex Epstein.” The Objective Standard. Fall 2009. Online. theobjectivestandard.com/issues/2009-fall/america-self-crippled-foreign-policy.asp. Accessed 5 Aug 2011.
[408] Harriman, David, ed. Journals of Ayn Rand (New York: Penguin, 1999), 315.
[409] Allison, A., Parry, J., and W. Cleon Skousen. The Real George Washington (Washington D.C.: National Center for Constitutional Studies, 1991), 704.
[410] Elshtain, Jean Bethke. Just War Against Terror (New York: Basic Books, 2003), 65.
[411] Quoted in Brook and Epstein, “Just War Theory,” Online.
[412] Elshtain, Just War, 57.
[413] ibid, 189.
[414] ibid, 180.
[415] ibid, 58.
[416] Brook and Epstein, “Just War Theory,” Online.
[417] Elshtain, Just War, 70.
[418] Quoted in Brook and Epstein, “Just War Theory,” Online.
[419] Elshtain, Just War, 65.
[420] Biddle, Craig. “America’s Self-Crippled Foreign Policy,” Online.
[421] Brook and Epstein, “Just War Theory,” Online.
[422] ibid.
[423] Pentti Linkola Fan site. penttilinkola.com/penttilinkola/ecofascism/. Accessed 6 Aug 2011.
[424] Quoted in Beck, Glenn. An Inconvenient Book (New York: Simon & Schuster, 2009), 21.
[425] Gabbay, Tiffany. “Militant Environmentalists Call For Executions and ‘Decisive Ecological Warfare.’” The Blaze. 9 Aug 2011. Online. theblaze.com/stories/militant-environmentalists-call-for-executions-and-decisive-ecological-warfare/. Accessed 25 Aug 2011.
[426] Pushback.com. pushback.com/issues/environment/ecofreak-quotes/. Accessed 6 Aug 2011.
[427] ibid.
[428] Rand, Ayn. and Peter Schwartz, ed. Return of the Primitive: The Anti-Industrial Revolution (New York: Penguin, 1999), 221.
[429] Pushback.com. pushback.com/issues/environment/ecofreak-quotes/. Accessed 6 Aug 2011.
[430] Rand, Return of the Primitive, 221.
[431] Gabbay, Tiffany. “Militant Environmentalists Call For Executions and ‘Decisive Ecological Warfare.’” The Blaze. 9 Aug 2011. Online. theblaze.com/stories/militant-environmentalists-call-for-executions-and-decisive-ecological-warfare/. Accessed 25 Aug 2011.
[432] Yeo, Sophie. “Venezuela Climate Summit Calls for End to ‘Green Economy.’” Responding to Climate Change. 23 Jul 2014. rtcc.org/2014/07/22/venezuela-climate-summit-calls-for-end-to-green-economy/. Accessed 19 Aug 2014.
[433] Quoted in Lockitch, Keith. “It Isn’t Easy Being Green.”
Capitalism Magazine. 15 Oct. 2007. Online. capitalismmagazine.com/science/environment/green-movement/5038-it-isn-t-easy-being-green.html. Accessed 6 Aug. 2011.
[434] Quoted in Caruba, Alan. “What Greens Really Believe.” Freedom Action Network. 20 Apr 2011. Online. freedomaction.net/profiles/blogs/what-greens-really-believe. Accessed 9 Aug 2011.
[435] Spencer, Ben. “Study suggesting global warming is exaggerated was rejected for publication in respected journal because it was 'less than helpful' to the climate cause, claims professor.” 15 May 2014. dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2630023/Study-suggesting-global-warming-exaggerated-rejected-publication-respected-journal-helpful-climate-cause-claims-professor.html. Accessed 30 May 2014.
[436] Quoted in Beck, Glenn. An Inconvenient Book (New York: Simon & Schuster, 2009), 4.
[437] Biddle, Craig. “On April 22, Celebrate Exploit The Earth Day.” The Objective Standard Blog. 18 Apr 2011. Online. theobjectivestandard.com/blog/index.php/2011/04/on-april-22-celebrate-exploit-the-earth-day-4/. Accessed 6 Aug 2011.
[438] Shah, Dayna. U.S. Government Accountability Office Letter to Senate Majority Leader. gao.gov/new.items/d04353r.pdf. Online. 23 Jan 2004. Accessed 7 Jul 2012.
[439] “Letters and Replies.” The Objective Standard. Vol. 7, No. 1. Spring 2012. Online. theobjectivestandard.com/issues/2012-spring/letters-replies.asp. Accessed 31 Aug 2012.
[440] ibid.
[441] Adams, Stephen. “Killing babies No Different from Abortion, Experts Say.” The Telegraph. 29 Feb 2012. Online. telegraph.co.uk/health/healthnews/9113394/Killing-babies-no-different-from-abortion-experts-say.htm.l Accessed 31 Aug 2012.
[442] Data is from USgovernmentspending.com.
[443] USdebtclock.org.
[444] Longley, Robert. “US Spends $400k for Camel Statue in Pakistan.” usgovinfo.about.com/b/2014/04/03/us-spends-400k-for-camel-statue-in-pakistan.htm. Accessed 19 Aug 2014. (Also see popularromanceproject.org to see that waste of money).
[445] Biddle, Craig. “How Would Government Be Funded in a Free Society?” The Objective Standard. Vol. 7, No. 2. Online. theobjectivestandard.com/issues/2012-summer/how-would-govt.asp. Accessed 23 Jul 2012.
[446] Rand, Ayn. The Virtue of Selfishness (New York: Signet, 1964), 116-18.
[447] Paterson, Isabel. The God of the Machine (Originally published in 1943. Qualiteri eBook, 2009), Chapter 15.
[448] Lobbying database. opensecrets.org/lobby/. 31 Oct 2011. Online. Accessed 2 Jan. 2012.
[449] Bingham, Amy. “Almost 1,500 millionaires Do Not Pay Income Tax.” ABC News. 6 Aug 2011. Online. abcnews.go.com/Politics/1500-millionaires-pay-income-tax/story?id=14242254. Accessed 24 Jul 2012.
[450] Biddle, Craig. “How Would Government Be Funded in a Free Society?” The Objective Standard. Vol. 7, No. 2. Online.
[451] Quoted in McCullough, David. John Adams (New York: Simon & Schuster Paperbacks, 2001), 60.
[452] Children of Dune (2003). IMDb. Online. imdb.com/title/tt0287839/quotes. Accessed 13 Sep 2012.
[453] A list of these principles can be found in Appendix B.
[454] Allison, A., Parry, J., and W. Cleon Skousen. The Real George Washington (Washington D.C.: National Center for Constitutional Studies, 1991), 701.
[455] ibid, 694.
[456] The Ayn Rand Institute. “Introducing Objectivism.” Online. aynrand.org/site/PageServer?pagename=objectivismintro. Accessed 1 Aug 2012.
[457] Rand, Ayn. “The Objectivist Ethics.”Introduction to Objectivist Epistemology (New York: Meridian, 1990), 20.
[458] Rand, Ayn. Introduction to Objectivist Epistemology (New York: Meridian, 1990), 10.
[459] Rand, Ayn. “The Objectivist Ethics.” Introduction to Objectivist Epistemology (New York: Meridian, 1990), 20.
[460] The Free Dictionary. “Fair.” Online. thefreedictionary.com/fair. Accessed 1 Aug 2012.
[461] The Ayn Rand Institute. “Introducing Objectivism.” Online. aynrand.org/site/PageServer?pagename=objectivismintro. Accessed 1 Aug 2012.
[462] ibid.
[463] Rand, Ayn. For the New Intellectual (New York: Signet, 1963), 55.
[464] The Free Dictionary. Online. “The Socratic Method.” thefreedictionary.com/Socratic+method. Accessed 1 Aug 2012.
[465] Ericson, Jon. Murphy, James. and Raymond Zeuschner. The Debater’s Guide (Carbondale and Edwardsville: Southern Illinois University Press, 1987), 39.
[466] Ericson, Jon. Murphy, James. and Raymond Zeuschner. The Debater’s Guide. 4th Edition. Googlebooks. Online. books.google.com/books?id=vu7UcUQSOc8C&pg=PA20&lpg=PA20&dq=%E2%80%9CThere+are+only+two+parts+to+a+speech:+you+make+a+statement+and+you+prove+it.%E2%80%9D&source=bl&ots=CsMHKdTpAG&sig=qKLWBYgQSSZl165FUXNT-SBCqRA&hl=en#v=onepage&q=%E2%80%9CThere%20are%20only%20two%20parts%20to%20a%20speech%3A%20you%20make%20a%20statement%20and%20you%20prove%20it.%E2%80%9D&f=false. Accessed 14 Sep 2012.
[467] Rand, Ayn. Philosophy: Who Needs It? (New York: Signet, 1984), 40.
[468] Quoted in Sather, Trevor, ed. Pros and Cons: A Debater’s Handbook (London: Routedge, 2000), x.
[469] “List of Fallacies.” Wikipedia.org. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Listoffallacies. Accessed 13 Sep 2012.
[470] “Irrelevancies” courses.csusm.edu/fallacies/irrelevancies.htm. (For an excellent resource on fallacies see: courses.csusm.edu/fallacies/fallaciesgrid.htm.)
[471] Ericson, The Debater’s Guide, 5.
* * *
[i] Immanuel Kant (painted portrait) by unspecified - /History/Carnegie/kant/portrait.html. Licensed under Public domain via Wikimedia Commons.
[ii] The Leaning Tower of Pisa, [Public Domain], Wikimedia.
[iii] By Etching created by Cadell and Davies (1811), John Horsburgh (1828) or R.C. Bell (1872). The original depiction of Adam Smith was created in 1787 by James Tassie in the form of an enamel paste medallion. Smith did not usually sit for his portrait, so a considerable number of engravings and busts of Smith were made not from observation but from the same enamel medallion produced by Tassie, an artist who could convince Smith to sit. [Public domain], via Wikimedia.
[iv] Official Presidential portrait of John Adams, by John Trumbull, circa 1792 - whitehouseresearch.org/assetbank-whha/action/viewHome. Licensed under Public domain via Wikimedia Commons.
[v] Bust of Frederic Bastiat. “Buste-bastiat” by Thbz - Own work. Licensed under Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 via Wikimedia Commons.
[vi] Portrait of Thomas Jefferson which hangs in the Thomas Jefferson State Reception Room on the 8th floor of the main U.S. Department of State building in Washington, D.C. It was painted by Charles Willson Peale while Jefferson was Secretary of State. It is probably a replica of Peale's 1791 portrait of Jefferson which hangs in the Independence National Historical Park, [Public domain], via Wikimedia Commons.
[vii] Hengist and Horsa, mentalfloss.com/article/30912/rejected-designs-great-seal-united-states.
[viii] John Trumbull’s painting, Declaration of Independence, depicting the five-man drafting committee of the Declaration of Independence presenting their work to the Congress. The painting can be found on the back of the U.S. $2 bill. The original hangs in the US Capitol rotunda. [Public Domain], via Wikimedia Commons.