ROBBINS, LIONEL. The Great Depression. London: Macmillan and Co., 1934.
   ROBERTS, PRISCILLA. “ ‘Quis Custodiet Ipsos Custodes’: The Federal Reserve’s System’s Founding Fathers and Allied Finances in the First World War.” Business History Review 72 (1998): 585-620.
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   ROBERTS, STEPHEN. The House That Hitler Built. London: Methuen, 1937.
   ROGERS, WILLIAM. The Writings of Will Rogers. Edited by James M. Smallwood, et. al. Stillwater, OK.: Oklahoma State University Press, 1973-1983.
   ROLPH, C.H. Kingsley: The Life Letters and Diaries of Kinsley Martin. London: Victor Gollancz. 1973.
   Romer, CHRISTINA D. “The Great Crash and the Onset of the Great Depression.” Quarterly Journal of Economics 105 (1990): 597-624.
   _____________”The Nation in Depression,” Journal of Economic Perspectives 7 (1993): 19-39.
   ______________ “What Ended the Great Depression?” The Journal of Economic History, 52 (1992): 757-784.
   ROTHBARD, MURRAY. A History of Money and Banking in the United States. Alabama: Ludwig Von Mises Institute, 2002.
   Russell, BERTRAND. Autobiography. London: George Allen and Unwin, 1967.
   SAHL, HANS. Memoiren eines Moralisten. Frankfurt:Luchterland,1985.
   SAINT-AULAIRE, COMTE De. Confessions d’un Vieux Diplomate. Paris, 1953.
   SARGENT, THOMAS. “Stopping Moderate Inflation: The Methods of Poincaré and Thatcher.” in Inflation, Debts and Indexation. Eds. Rudiger Dornbusch, Mario H. Simonsen, Cambridge, Mass: MIT Press, 1983.
   SARGENT, THOMAS. Stopping Moderate Inflation: The Methods of Poincare and Thatcher” in Rational Expectations and Inflation, New York: Harper Collins, 1993.
   SAUVY, A. Histoire Economique de la France entre les Deux Guerres. Paris: Fayard, 1965.
   SAYERS, R.S.. The Bank of England 1891-1944. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1976.
   SCHACHT, HJALMAR. The Stabilization of the Mark. London: George Allen and Unwin, 1927.
   _____________ The End of Reparations. New York: Jonathan Cape, 1931.
   ______________ Account Settled. London: George Weidenfeld and Nicholson, 1949.
   ______________ My First Seventy-six Years. London: Allan Wingate, 1955.
   SCHEELE, GODFREY. The Weimar Republic: Overture to the Third Reich. London: Faber and Faber, 1946.
   SCHLESINGER, ARTHUR M. Jr.: The Age of Roosevelt: The Crisis of the Old Order, 1919-1933. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, 1957.
   _______________ The Age of Roosevelt: The Coming of The New Deal. Boston: Houghton Mifflin and Co. 1988.
   SCHMITZ, DAVID F. Henry Stimson : The First Wise Man. Wilmington, Delaware: SR Books. 2001.
   SCHUBERT, Aurel. The Credit Anstalt Crisis of 1931. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1991.
   SCHUKER, STEPHEN. The End of French Predominance in Europe. Chapel Hill, NC: University of North Carolina Press, 1976.
   SCHWARTZ, ANNA J. A Retrospective on the Classical Gold Standard. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1984.
   SCHWARZ, JORDAN. 1933: Roosevelt’s Decision, The United States Leaves the Gold Standard. New York: Chelsea Publishing House, 1969.
   SEDILLOT, RENÉ. Histoire du Franc. Paris: Recueil Sirey, 1939.
   ____________ Les Deux Cents Familles. Paris: Librarie Academique Perrin, 1988.
   SELDES, GILBERT. The Years of the Locust: America 1929-1932. Boston: Little Brown, 1933.
   SHAPIRO, FRED. (ed.) The Yale Book of Quotations. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2006.
   SHIRER, WILLIAM L. The Collapse of the Third Republic. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1969.
   ____________ The Rise and Fall of the Third Reich. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1990.
   Sicsic, Pierre. “Was the Poincaré Franc Deliberately Undervalued?” Explorations in Economic History 29 (1992): 71-74.
   SILBER, WILLIAM L., “Why Did FDR’s Bank Holiday Succeed?” (August 2007). New York University, Leonard N. Stern School of Business Working Paper.
   SIMONDS, FRANK H. How Europe Made Peace Without America. Garden City, NJ: Doubleday Page, 1927.
   SIMPSON, Amos E.. Hjalmar Schacht in Perspective. New York: Humanities Press, 1969.
   SKIDELSKY, ROBERT, DONALD WINCH and D. D. RAPHAEL. Three Great Economists: Smith. Malthus, Keynes. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1997.
   SKIDELSKY, ROBERT. John Maynard Keynes: Hopes Betrayed 1883-1920. London: Macmillan and Co., 1983.
   ______________ John Maynard Keynes: The Economist as Saviour 1920-1937. London: Macmillan and Co., 1992.
   ______________ John Maynard Keynes: Fighting for Britain 1937-1946 . London: Macmillan and Co., 2000.
   SKOUSEN, MARK. “Keynes as a Speculator: A Critique of Keynesian Investment Theory” Dissent on Keynes. Edited by Mark Skousen. New York: Praeger, 1992
   SNOWDEN, PHILIP. An Autobiography. London: Ivor Nicholson and Watson, 1934.
   Sobel, ROBERT. Panic on Wall Street. New York: E.P.Dutton, 1988. ___________ The Great Bull Market. New York: W.W. Norton and Co., 1968.
   SOMARY, Felix. The Raven of Zurich: The Memoirs of Felix Somary. New York: St Martins Press. 1986.
   Soule, George. Prosperity Decade: From War to Depression: 1917-1929. New York: Rinehart, 1947.
   SPARLING, EARL. Mystery Men of Wall Street: The Powers Behind the Market. New York: Greenberg, 1930.
   STEFFENS, LINCOLN. The Autobiography of Lincoln Steffens. New York: Harcourt, Brace, 1931.
   STEINER, ZARA. The Lights That Failed. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2005.
   STEPHENSON, NATHANIEL W. Nelson Aldrich: A Leader in American Politics. New York: C. Scribner’s Sons, 1930.
   STIMSON HENRY L. and McGeorge Bundy. On Active Service In Peace and War. New York: Harper and Brothers. 1948.
   STONE, NORMAN. World War One: A Short History. London: Allen Lane, 2007.
   STRACHAN, HEW. The First World War. New York: Oxford University Press, 2003.
   STRESEMANN, GUSTAV. Gustav Stresemann: His Diaries, Letters and Papers. ed Eric Sutton, New York: Macmillan and Company, 1935.
   STROUSE, JEAN. Morgan: An American Financier. New York: Random House, 1999.
   TAYLOR, A.J.P. English History 1914-1945. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1965.
   __________ Beaverbrook. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1972.
   TEMIN, PETER. “The beginnings of the Depression in Germany.” Economic History Review 24 (1971): 240-48.
   __________ “Transmission of the Great Depression.” Journal of Economic Perspectives 7 (1991): 87-102.
   __________ Lessons from the Great Depression. Cambridge, Mass: MIT Press, 1989.
   TEMIN, PETER and BARRIE A. Wigmore. “The end of one big deflation.” Explorations in Economic History, 27 (1990): 483-502.
   Temperley, HAROLD AND G.P GOOCH. British Documents on the Origins of the War Vol 11. London: HMSO, 1926.
   TEMPLEWOOD, VISCOUNT. Nine Troubled Years. London: Collins, 1954.
   THOMAS, DANA. The Plungers and the Peacocks. New York: G.P. Putnam’s Sons, 1967.
   THOMAS, GORDON and MAX MORGAN-WITTS. The Day the Bubble Burst. New York: Doubleday, 1979.
   Tooze, ADAM. The Wages of Destruction: The Making and Breaking of the Nazi Economy. New York: Viking Penguin, 2006.
   Toye, RICHARD. Lloyd George and Churchill: Rivals for Greatness. London: Pan Books, 2007.
   TOYNBEE, ARNOLD. Survey of International Affairs 1931. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1932.
   TRACHTENBERG, MARC. Reparation in World Politics: France and European Economic Diplomacy, 1916- 1923 . New York: Columbia University Press, 1980.
   TRESCOTT, PAUL. “The Failure of the Bank of United States, 1930.” Journal of Money Credit and Banking 24 (1992): 384-399.
   TRIFFIN, ROBERT. The Evolution of the International Monetary System: Historical Reappraisal and Future Perspectives. Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press, 1
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   ___________ Our International Monetary System: Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow. New York: Random House, 1968.
   TUCHMAN, BARBARA. The Guns of August. New York: Random House, 1962. _______________ The Proud Tower. New York: Macmillan and Co. 1966.
   U.S. GOVERNMENT. Trial of Major War Criminals Before The International Military Tribunal. Washington D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1949.
   VALANCE, Georges. La Legende du Franc. Paris: Flammarion, 1996.
   VANDERLIP, FRANK A. From Farm Boy to Financier. New York: Appleton-Century Co., 1935.
   VANSITTART, ROBERT. The Mist Procession: The Autobiography of Lord Vansittart. London: Hutchinson and Co., 1958.
   Virgil. The Aeneid. Translated by Robert Fagles. New York: Viking, 2006.
   VOTH, HANS-JOACHIM. “Did high wages or high interest rates bring down the Weimar Republic?” Journal of Economic History 55 (1995): 801-821.
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   WALWORTH, ARTHUR. Woodrow Wilson. New York: W.W. Norton and Co. 1978.
   WARBURG, JAMES. The Long Road Home. Garden City: Doubleday and Co., 1964.
   WARBURG, PAUL. The Federal Reserve System: Its Origins and Growth. New York: The Macmillan Company, 1930.
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   Webb, STEVEN B. Hyperinflation and Stabilization in Weimar Germany. New York: Oxford University Press, 1989.
   WEITZ, JOHN. Hitler’s Banker. New York: Little Brown, 1997.
   Wells, H.G.. The Work, Wealth and Happiness of Mankind. New York: Doubleday Doran and Company, 1931.
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   WERNER, M.R. Little Napoleons and Dummy Directors: The Narrative of the Bank of United States. New York: Harper and Brothers. 1933.
   WEST, REBECCA. A Train of Powder. New York: Viking. 1955.
   WesT, ROBERT C. Banking Reform and the Federal Reserve 1863-1923. Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press, 1977.
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   WHITE, EUGENE N. “The Stock Market Boom and Crash of 1929 Revisited.” Journal of Economic Perspectives 4 (1990): 67-83.
   WHITE, WILLIAM ALLEN. The Autobiography of William Allen White. New York: Macmillan, 1946.
   Wicker, Elmus. The Banking Panics of The Great Depression. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996.
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   Wigmore, BARRIE A. “Was the Bank Holiday of 1933 Caused by a Run on the Dollar?” The Journal of Economic History, 47 (1987): 739-755.
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   WILLIAMS, FRANCIS. A Pattern of Rulers. London: Longmans , 1965.
   WILSON, A. N.. The Victorians. London: Hutchinson and Co., 2002. _________ After the Victorians. London: Hutchinson and Co., 2005.
   WINKELMAN, BARNIE F. Ten Years of Wall Street. Philadelphia, PA: John C. Winston and Co., 1932.
   WOLFF, THEODORE. The Eve of 1914. New York: Alfred A Knopf, 1936.
   _____________ Through Two Decades. London: William Heinemann Ltd, 1936.
   WOOLF, VIRGINIA. The Diary of Virginia Woolf: Vol. 4. Edited by Anne Olivier Bell, London: Hogarth, 1982.
   WORSTHORNE, PEREGRINE. Democracy Needs Aristocracy. London: HarperCollins, 2004.
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   ZELDIN, THEODORE. A History of French Passions; Volume One: Ambition and Love. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1980.
   _____________ A History of French Passions: Volume Three: Intellect and Price. New York: Oxford University Press, 1980.
   ZWEIG, STEFAN. The World of Yesterday. Nebraska: University of Nebraska Press, 1964.
   ZIEGLER, PHILIP. The Sixth Great Power: Barings, 1762-1929. London: Collins, 1988.
   INDEX
   Page numbers in boldface indicate photographs.
   Abernon, Edgar Vincent d’
   Acheson, Dean
   Agadir crisis (1911)
   Agricultural Adjustment Act
   Albert, Arthur William Patrick, Duke of Connaught
   Aldrich, Nelson
   Aldrich Plan
   Angell, Norman
   Asian crisis (1997-98)
   atomic bomb, development of
   Australia
   Austria
   bank holiday in
   and British departure from gold
   Credit Anstalt failure in
   and customs union
   declaration of war against Serbia by
   German capital in
   gold standard in
   interest rates in
   optimism on duration of war in
   pounds/sterling reserves in
   Austrian National Bank
   automobile industry
   Autonomy Law (Germany, 1922, 1922
   Babson, Roger
   Bagehot, Walter
   Baldwin, Stanley
   Balfour, Arthur
   Bank Act (Great Britain, 1844)
   Bank of England
   and Banque de France
   and blame for Great Depression
   as center of international finance
   Churchill comments about
   and commercial/merchant banks
   Committee of Daily Waiting of
   Committee of the Treasury of
   control of
   Court/directors of
   creation of
   and Credit Anstalt problem
   currency issuance by
   and deflation
   and devaluation of pound
   embargo on foreign loans by
   and events leading to World War
   Federal Reserve relations with
   French gold reserves in
   and French-British relations
   functions of
   and funding for war
   and German recovery
   gold reserves of
   and gold standard
   government’s relationship with
   governorship of
   and Hatry case
   headquarters of
   impact of Great Depression on
   importance of
   independence of
   and interest rates
   and J.P. Morgan
   and Keynes
   and Macmillan Committee
   and moratorium on reparations and war debt
   Norman as governor of
   as Norman “mistress,”
   Norman portrait at
   and Polish loan
   powers of
   reaction to Great Crash by
   and “real bills” theory of credit
   and Reichsbank
   and Romania funding
   run on/withdrawals from
   special privileges of
   and stock market bubble
   Bank of England (cont.)
   Strong visit to
   suspension of gold payments by
   and U.S. loans to Britain
   U.S./New York Fed loans to
   and war debts
   Bank for International Settlements (BIS)
   Bank of United States (BUS)
   Bankers Trust Company
   Banking Commission (Occupied Belgium)
   banks/bankers, U.S.
   and bank holidays
   closings of
   confidence in
   congressional study of
   as consortium for loan to Great Britain
/>   as consortium to rescue stock market
   credit from
   and Dawes Plan
   failures of
   and German economy
   gold reserves of
   image of
   panics in
   reopening of
   Roosevelt rescue package for
   run on/withdrawals from
   stabilization of
   banks/banking system
   and British departure from gold
   and characteristics of Great Depression
   and devaluation of dollar
   divisions within
   first panic in
   and lending to foreign governments
   optimism about duration of war by
   Banque d’Algérie et Tunisie
   Banque de France
   Annual General Assembly of
   and Bank of England
   Banque d’Algérie compared with
   and blame for Great Depression
   and British departure from gold standard
   and British-French relations
   and Caillaux
   conservatism of
   and Council of Regents
   creation of
   credibility of
   and currency policy
   divisiveness within
   and exchange rate
   faux bilans scandal involving
   and foreign exchange
   foreign loans for
   and French economic recovery
   and French-German relations
   funding for war by
   and German economy
   and German invasion of France
   gold reserves of
   and gold standard
   government’s relationship with
   governorship of
   headquarters of
   importance of
   independence of
   and interest rates
   Le Circulaire Bleu of
   Moreau named head of
   Moreau resignation from
   Moret appointed head of
   Moret resignation from
   and Napoleonic wars
   and New York Fed
   and Norman pessimism about economy
   Norman visit to
   and Polish loan
   pounds/sterling at
   as private institution
   reaction to Great Crash by
   and Romania funding
   run on/withdrawals from
   Strong visit to
   and war debt
   during World War
   and Young conference
   Banque de Paris et Pays-Bas
   Banque Turque pour le Commerce et l’Industrie
   Baring family
   
 
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