1965: The Most Revolutionary Year in Music
Page 35
In 1965, the combined forces of mass media, the Pill, and hallucinogens took the Western world on a roller-coaster ride that was both exhilarating and fearsome, which was why the paradoxical “Like a Rolling Stone” was the anthem of the year, as it captured both extremes in the same chorus. Those forces stirred demands that the musicians gave voice to on a flood of records—“Respect,” “Let Me Be,” “It’s My Life,” “People Get Ready,” “A Change Is Gonna Come,” “Think for Yourself,” “Go Where You Wanna Go,” “Anyway, Anyhow, Anywhere,” “Freedom Highway,” “I’m Free”—that chronicled and propelled a social reformation as the old world forged its uneasy synthesis with the new.
Notes
Citations without page numbers are from the e-book version of the book.
INTRODUCTION
1. Braunstein, Carpenter, and Edmonds, The Sixties Chronicle, 263.
2. “African-American Population,” U.S. Census Bureau, 1993, http://www.infoplease.com/ipa/A0922246.html#ixzz35PrOevQM.
3. Leonard J. Leff, “Hollywood and the Holocaust: Remembering The Pawnbroker,” American Jewish History, 1996.
4. Doug Linder, “The Trials of Lenny Bruce,” Famous Trials, http://law2.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/bruce/bruceaccount.html.
5. McClelland, Nothin’ but Blue Skies, 73.
6. Quoted in Unterberger, Turn! Turn! Turn!, 162.
7. E. Glenn Schellenberg and Christian von Scheve, “Emotional Cues in American Popular Music: Five Decades of the Top 40,” Psychology of Aesthetics Creativity and the Arts (August 2012), http://www.researchgate.net/230745983_Emotional_cues_in_American_popular_music_Five_decades_of_the_Top_40.
8. Fiona Macrae, “Help! Pop Music Really Is Slower and Sadder Than When the Beatles and Abba Ruled the Charts,” Daily Mail, Sept. 12, 2012, http://www.dailymail.co.uk/sciencetech/article-2209527/Help-Pop-music-slower-sadder-Beatles-heydey-researchers-say-Lady-Gaga-exception.html.
PROLOGUE
1. Pete Hamill, “The Death and Life of John Lennon,” New York Magazine, December 20, 1980.
2. Ibid.
3. Ibid.
4. Hajdu, Positively 4th Street, 197.
5. Ibid., 197.
6. Rolling Stone Magazine, The Rolling Stone Illustrated History of Rock & Roll, 212.
7. Dave Rybaczewski, “‘I’m a Loser’ History,” Beatles Book, http://www.beatlesebooks.com/im-a-loser.
8. The Beatles, The Beatles Anthology, 160.
9. Spitz, Dylan, 273.
10. Unterberger, Turn! Turn! Turn!, 108.
11. Melody Rousseau, “The Price of Fame,” Saga, http://www.saga.co.uk/lifestyle/people/celebrities/alan-price.aspx/.
12. Brown and Gaines, The Love You Make.
13. Cherri Gilham, “Joint Accounts,” The Guardian, Sept. 10, 2000, at http://www.theguardian.com/theobserver/2000/sep/10/featuresreview.review.
14. Miles, Paul McCartney, 188.
15. The Beatles, The Beatles Anthology, 158.
16. Miles, Paul McCartney, 189.
17. Sheff, All We Are Saying, 174.
18. Phil Alexander, “Ray Davies: The Kinks v the Beatles,” mojo4music.com, November 6, 2013, at http://www.mojo4music.com/8571/ray-davies-kinks-v-beatles/.
19. Unterberger, Turn! Turn! Turn!, 109.
20. Heylin, Bob Dylan, 34.
1. I GOT A HEAD FULL OF IDEAS
1. Ian McPherson, “Jagger/Richards: Songwriters, Part I,” http://www.timeisonourside.com/songwriting.html.
2. Ibid.
3. Andersen, Mick.
4. Jann Wenner, “Jagger Remembers,” Rolling Stone, December 14, 1995, http://www.jannswenner.com/Archives/Jagger_Remembers.aspx.
5. McPherson, “Jagger/Richards: Songwriters, Part I.”
6. Richards and Fox, Life, 84.
7. Hajdu, Positively 4th Street, 236.
8. Brown, Bob Dylan: American Troubadour, 16.
9. Wyman, Stone Alone, 314.
10. Sean Willinz, “Bob Dylan, the Beat Generation, and Allen Ginsberg’s America,” The New Yorker, Aug. 16, 2010.
11. Unterberger, Turn! Turn! Turn!, 104.
12. Scoppa, The Byrds, 18.
13. Weller, Girls Like Us, 184.
14. Dillon, Fifty Sides of the Beach Boys, 31.
15. Kubernik, Canyon of Dreams, 70.
2. HITSVILLE USA AND THE SOVEREIGNS OF SOUL
1. Moon, Untold Tales, Unsung Heroes, 241.
2. Smith, Dancing in the Street, 14.
3. Echols, Hot Stuff, 14.
4. Ibid., 13.
5. Ken Sharp, “Holland-Dozier-Holland on Some of the Hits,” Metro Times, Nov. 21, 2007.
6. “Berry Gordy On Diana Ross: Motown Founder Describes Fateful Moment With Supremes Singer,” huffingtonpost.com, June 15, 2013.
7. Hillary Crosley, “Berry Gordy Talks 1st Time with Diana Ross,” The Root, Feb. 13, 2013, http://www.theroot.com/articles/culture/2013/02/berry_gordy_and_diana_ross_he_talks_first_time.html.
8. Posner, Motown, 88.
9. Ibid., 121.
10. Cohn, Awopbopaloobop Alopbamboom, 117.
11. Scott Warmuth, “Bob Dylan and the Lie about America’s Greatest Living Poet, Good Talk,” swarmuth.blogspot.com, August 2012.
12. Robinson, Smokey.
13. Elizabeth Blair, “My Girl,” npr.org, June 4, 2000.
14. Ritz, Divided Soul, 78.
15. Ibid., 110.
16. Ibid., 114.
17. Ibid., 100.
18. Ibid., 109.
19. “The Death of Sam Cooke: Conspiracy Theories Still Abound 42 Years Later,” Pan-African News Wire, Dec. 11, 2006, http://panafricannews.blogspot.com/2006/12/death-of-sam-cooke-conspiracy-theories.html.
20. Kot, I’ll Take You There, 40.
21. Ibid., 42.
22. Ibid., 81.
23. Ibid., 88.
24. Graham Rockingham, “Mavis Staples Recalls Her Lost Love,” The Hamilton Spectator, http://www.thespec.com/whatson-story/2149883-mavis-staples-recalls-her-lost-love/.
25. Kot, I’ll Take You There, 88.
26. Ibid., 89.
3. THE BRILL AND THE BEACH BOYS FIGHT BACK
1. Weller, Girls Like Us, 105–8.
2. Ibid., 119.
3. Marc Myers, “The Song That Conquered Radio,” Wall Street Journal, July 12, 2012, http://online.wsj.com/news/articles/SB10001424052702303343404577519042622092010.
4. Ibid.
5. Myers, “The Song That Conquered Radio.”
6. Lambert, Inside the Music of Brian Wilson, 147.
7. Badman, The Beach Boys, 73.
8. Ibid., 75.
9. Ibid., 83.
10. Ibid., 102.
11. “Dennis Wilson: The Real Beach Boy,” directed by Matt O’Casey, episode on Legends (BBC, 2010), DVD.
12. Dillon, Fifty Sides of the Beach Boys, 49.
13. Badman, The Beach Boys, 10.
14. “The Beach Boys/Murry Wilson: Help Me Rhonda (Full Audio Session),” on YouTube, http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_bxfR-Vuo8Y.
4. RESOLUTION: A LOVE SUPREME, MALCOLM X, AND THE MARCH FROM SELMA TO MONTGOMERY
1. Kahn, A Love Supreme.
2. Ibid.
3. Ibid.
4. Eric Westervelt, “The Story of ‘A Love Supreme,’” All Things Considered, NPR, March 7, 2012, http://www.npr.org/2000/10/23/148148986/a-love-supreme.
5. Kahn, A Love Supreme.
6. “The Making of ‘A Love Supreme,’” public radio program, Joyride Media, 2002.
7. Eyes on the Prize: The Time Has Come (1964–66), directed by James A. DeVinne
y and Madison D. Lacy (PBS, 1987), DVD.
8. Ibid.
9. Evanzz, The Judas Factor, 301.
10. Eyes on the Prize: Bridge to Freedom (1965), directed by Callie Crossley and James A. DeVinney (PBS, 1987) DVD.
11. Ibid.
12. Ibid.
13. Adelle M. Banks, “Favorite Songs Carried MLK through Troubled Times,” Huffington Post, Jan. 11, 2012, http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/01/11/mlk-favorite-songs_n_1200393.html.
14. King Jr., “Southern Christian Leadership Conference Annual Report, 1965.”
15. Michael T. Kaufman, “Gary T. Rowe Jr., 64, Who Informed on Klan in Civil Rights Killing, Is Dead,” New York Times, October 4, 1998; John Blake, “The Voting Rights Martyr Who Divided America,” CNN.com, Feb. 28, 2013; Stanton, From Selma to Sorrow.
16. McGonigal, Well Down Freedom Highway.
17. Kot, I’ll Take You There, 108.
5. NASHVILLE VERSUS BAKERSFIELD
1. Rich Keinzle and Lenny Kaye, Nashville Rebel box set book, 8.
2. Hyatt, The Billboard Book of Number One Adult Contemporary Hits.
3. Alan Cackett, “Buck Owens Biography,” Americana, Roots, Country, and Bluegrass Music (blog), http://www.alancackett.com/buck-owens-biography.
4. Dana Spiardi, “Happy Birthday, Buck Owens: A Natural Class Act,” No Depression (blog), August 12, 2012, http://www.nodepression.com/profiles/blogs/happy-birthday-buck-owens-a-natural-class-act.
5. Sisk, Buck Owens, 97.
6. Cackett, “Buck Owens Biography.”
7. William Michael Smith, “How Willie Nelson & Charley Pride Integrated East Texas,” Houston Press, Jan. 27, 2011, http://blogs.houstonpress.com/rocks/2011/01/willie_nelson_charley_pride.php.
8. Nelson and Shrake, Willie, 160.
9. Jennings and Kaye, Waylon.
10. Ibid.
11. Hilburn, Johnny Cash.
12. Brett Johnson, “Johnny Cash’s First Wife Tells of Romance, Heartbreak,” Ventura County Star, Nov. 18, 2007, http://www.vcstar.com/news/2007/nov/18/they-walked-the-line.
6. WEST COAST NIGHTS
1. April 2014 interview with Erick Trickey, re: McGuinn show, August 9, 2008, at Cain Park in Cleveland Heights, Ohio.
2. Burke and Griffin, The Blue Moon Boys, 41.
3. Unterberger, Turn! Turn! Turn!, 81.
4. Joe Bosso, “David Crosby on the Impact of the Beatles: They Changed My Life,” Music Radar, Feb. 8, 2014, http://www.musicradar.com/us/news/guitars/david-crosby-on-the-impact-of-the-beatles-they-changed-my-life-593827.
5. Vincent Flanders, “Interview with Roger McGuinn of the Byrds—February 1970,” http://www.vincentflanders.com/roger-mcguinn-interview.html.
6. Unterberger, Turn! Turn! Turn!, 107.
7. Miles, Hippie, 60.
8. Priore, Riot on Sunset Strip, 76.
9. Weller, Girls Like Us, 185.
10. Hjort, So You Want to Be a Rock ’n’ Roll Star, 31.
11. Kubernik, Canyon of Dreams, 74.
12. Ibid., 70.
13. Gaines, Heroes and Villains: The True Story of the Beach Boys, 134.
14. Gillian Friedman, “Brian Wilson—A Powerful Interview,” Ability, n.d. 2006.
7. ENGLAND SWINGS
1. Beatles, The Beatles Anthology, 194.
2. Pattie Boyd, “The Dentist Who Spiked My Coffee with LSD,” Daily Mail, August 2007, http://www.dailymail.co.uk/tvshowbiz/article-473207/Patti-Boyd-The-dentist-spiked-coffee-LSD.html.
3. Jann S. Wenner, “The Rolling Stone Interview: John Lennon, Part I,” Jan. 21, 1971, http://www.jannswenner.com/Archives/John_Lennon_Part1.aspx.
4. Beatles, The Beatles Anthology, 177.
5. Norman, Shout!, 273.
6. Ibid., 273.
7. Beatles, The Beatles Anthology, 177.
8. Ibid., 179.
9. Ibid., 177.
10. Wenner, “The Rolling Stone Interview: John Lennon, Part I.”
11. Beatles, The Beatles Anthology, 179.
12. Badman, The Beatles.
13. Davies, The Beatles, xxxiv.
14. di Perna, Guitar Masters.
15. Hayward, Tin Pan Alley, 122.
16. Cohn, Awopbopaloobop Alopbamboom, 186.
17. Schaffner, The British Invasion, 116.
18. Ibid., 116.
19. Townshend, Who I Am.
20. Ibid.
21. Ibid.
22. Ibid.
23. Schaffner, The British Invasion, 119.
24. Davies, Americana.
25. Ibid.
26. Ibid.
8. SATISFACTION
1. Anderson, Mick, 70.
2. Wyman, Stone Alone, 315–16.
3. Ibid., 318.
4. Booth, Keith.
5. Beatles, The Beatles Anthology, 196.
6. Booth, Keith.
7. Lydia Hutchinson, “The Rolling Stones’ (I Can’t Get No) Satisfaction,” July 26, 2013, Performing Songwriter Be Heard, http://performingsongwriter.com/rolling-stones-satisfaction/.
8. Ian McPherson, (I Can’t Get No) Satisfaction, timeisonourside.com, http://www.timeisonourside.com/SOSatisfaction.html.
9. Ibid.
10. Crystal Bell, “The Rolling Stones, ‘(I Can’t Get No) Satisfaction’: The Story Behind The Music,” huffingtonpost.com, June 6, 2012, http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/06/06/the-rolling-stones-i-cant-get-no-satisfaction_n_1573493.html.
9. LONG HAIR AND THE PILL ON TRIAL
1. Patterson, Eve of Destruction.
2. Wyman, Stone Alone, 314.
3. Norman, Mick Jagger, 133.
4. Jason Horowitz, “Mitt Romney’s Prep School Classmates Recall Pranks, but Also Troubling Incidents,” Washington Post, May 10, 2012, http://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/mitt-romneys-prep-school-classmates-recall-pranks-but-also-troubling-incidents/2012/05/10/gIQA3WOKFU_print.html.
5. Philip Rucker, “Mitt Romney Apologizes for High School Pranks That ‘Might Have Gone Too Far,’” WashingtonPost, May 10, 2012, http://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/mitt-romney-apologizes-for-high-school-pranks-that-might-have-gone-too-far/2012/05/10/gIQAC3JhFU_story.html?hpid=z2%E2%80%83.
6. Mikhail Safanov, “Confessions of a Soviet Moptop,” The Guardian, August 7, 2003, http://www.theguardian.com/music/2003/aug/08/thebeatles.
7. Gottlieb, Do You Believe in Magic?, 135.
8. Knowles, “The Birth Control Pill—A History.”
9. Gabriella Doob, “In 1965, Brown Physician Sparked Furor over the Pill,” Feb. 5, 2007, Brown Daily Herald, http://www.browndailyherald.com/2007/02/05/in-1965-brown-physician-sparked-furor-over-the-pill/.
10. Ibid.
11. “Morals: Sex & the Pembroke Girl,” Time, Friday, Oct. 8, 1965, http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,842199,00.html.
12. Farber, The Columbia Guide to America in the 1960s, 334.
13. Gottlieb, Do You Believe in Magic?, 141.
14. Associated Press, “Premarital Sex Trends,” New York Times, April 17, 1985.
15. Gottlieb, Do You Believe in Magic?.
16. Polan and Tredre, The Great Fashion Designers, 103–4; “Quant: From the King’s Road to the International Market,” The Miniskirt Revolution (blog), http://theminiskirtrevolution.wordpress.com/2010/05/11/quant-from-the-kings-road-to-the-international-market/.
17. Cody Bay, “They Sold Kittenish Teenage Clothing as ‘Self-Sufficient as James Bond,’” On This Day in Fashion (blog), June 4, 2010, http://onthisdayinfashion.com/?p=744.
18. Shrimpton, Jean Shrimpton, 107.
19. Patterson, Eve of Destruction.
; 20. Delix Contreras, “Lee Hazlewood: Writer Gave Music Biz the ‘Boots,’” All Things Considered, Aug. 06, 2007, http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=12537578.
21. Weller, Girls Like Us, 186.
22. Ibid., 187.
23. Gottlieb, Do You Believe in Magic?.
24. Ibid.
10. THE KING OF POP ART AND THE GIRL OF THE YEAR
1. Prather, Regarding Warhol, 281.
2. Marc Stein, “The First Gay Sit-In,” History News Network, May 9, 2005, http://hnn.us/article/11652.
3. Jacki Lyden, “‘Baby Jane’ Holzer’s Flight From High Society To Warhol Superstar,” npr.org, March 15, 2014.
4. Wolfe, The Kandy-Kolored Tangerine-Flake Streamline Baby.
5. Stein and Plimpton, Edie.
6. Ibid.
7. Ibid.
8. Ibid.
9. Marilyn Bender, “Edie Pops Up as Newest Superstar,” New York Times, July 26, 1965.
11. MASTERPIECE HIGHS AND THE BOOS OF NEWPORT
1. Breakfast at Tiffany’s, directed by Blake Edwards (Paramount, 1961), DVD.
2. Eric Norden, “Truman Capote Playboy Interview,” Playboy, March 1968.
3. Boylan, J. Gabriel, “The Q&A: Greil Marcus, Critic, Scholar,” More Intelligent Life, April 20, 2010, http://www.moreintelligentlife.com/blog/j-gabriel-boylan/qa-greil-marcus-critic-scholar.
4. Wyman, Rolling with the Stones, 147.
5. Faithfull, Faithfull, 45.
6. Nat Hentoff, “Bob Dylan Playboy Interview,” Playboy, 1966.
7. Marcus, Like a Rolling Stone, 70.
8. Polizzotti, Bob Dylan’s Highway 61 Revisited, 32–33.
9. Kooper, Backstage Passes and Backstabbing Bastards.
10. Shaun Considine, “The Hit We Almost Missed,” New York Times, Dec. 3, 2004.
11. “Bruce Springsteen on Dylan,” Rock & Roll Hall of Fame, http://rockhall.com/inductees/bob-dylan/transcript/bruce-springsteen-on-dylan/.
12. Dylan, Chronicles, 115.
13. No Direction Home: Bob Dylan, directed by Martin Scorsese (PBS, 2005), DVD.
14. Ibid.
15. David Kupfer, “Longtime Passing: An Interview with Pete Seeger,” Whole Earth, Spring 2001.