65. There had been a ‘violent rain storm’ on the previous day. ‘Notes on the Maybrick Trial, by Dr. William Carter’, Liverpool Medical Chirurgical Journal, 1890 (p.121)
66. Evidence of Alice Yapp, Irving (pp.70–1)
67. Letters to Sir Matthew White Ridley, Macdougall, 1896 (p.236)
68. Florence ‘fainted’ on 11 May, meaning Yapp couldn’t have been given the letter on 8 May
69. Macdougall, 1896 (p.232)
70. Evidence of Michael Maybrick at the ‘trial’. Irving (p.24)
71. Irving (pp.50–1)
72. This evidence wasn’t given at the ‘trial’, but was written up later by Dr Carter. ‘Notes on the Maybrick Trial, by Dr. William Carter’, Liverpool Medical Chirurgical Journal, 1890 (pp.124–5)
73. This Friendless Lady, by Nigel Moreland, Frederick Muller Limited, London, 1957 (p.57)
74. Evidence of Mrs Martha Louisa Hughes at the ‘trial’. Irving (p.45)
75. Edward Davies was given the bottle of meat juice on the night of Saturday, 11 May by Dr Carter. It wasn’t tested until the following day, on Sunday morning, but no ‘quantitative analysis’ was made until 23 May, when ‘half a grain of arsenic was found in the solution’. Macdougall, 1896 (p.112)
76. See Macdougall, 1896, where Michael Maybrick is quoted as saying, ‘Florence, or Flory, how dare you change the medicine from one bottle to another’ (p.100)
77. Evidence of Margaret Jane Callery at the magisterial inquiry. Macdougall, 1896 (p.182): this evidence was withheld at the ‘trial’
78. Evidence of Elizabeth Humphreys, Irving (p.83)
79. Macdougall, 1891 (p.219)
80. A Liverpool cause célèbre. Between 1880 and 1883, sisters Mrs Flannagan and Mrs Higgins poisoned four of their relatives, including Higgins’s husband Thomas, with arsenic, believed to have been boiled out of flypapers (the plan was to collect on life insurance policies). On 14 February 1884 they were found guilty of wilful murder at Liverpool Assizes, and were hanged at Kirkdale Prison a few weeks later.
81. Post-trial deposition from Cadwallader and cook Humphreys given to Macdougall. Macdougall, 1891 (pp.219–20)
82. Post-trial statement given to Macdougall by Elizabeth Humphreys and Mary Cadwallader. Macdougall, 1896 (p.183)
83. Letters from Charles Ratcliffe to John Aunspaugh, 7 June 1889 (Trevor Christie Collection)
84. Macdougall, 1896 (pp.201–3)
85. Letter from Charles Ratcliffe to John Aunspaugh, 7 June 1889 (Trevor Christie Collection)
86. Irving (p.98)
87. Letter to Trevor Christie from Florence Aunspaugh, circa 1942 (Trevor Christie Collection)
88. Mrs. Maybrick’s Own Story: My Fifteen Lost Years, by Florence Elizabeth Maybrick, Funk & Wagnalls Co., New York and London, 1905 (p.23)
89. Letter from Ratcliffe to Aunspaugh, 7 June 1889
90. Mrs. Maybrick’s Own Story (p.26)
91. They found in Mrs Maybrick’s writing desk thirteen love letters from Edwin Maybrick, seven from Alfred Brierley, and five from lawyer Williams of London. Michael Maybrick suppressed Edwin’s letters, and also made an arrangement with lawyer Williams that he would return his (Williams’s) letters to him if he would not assist in any way with the defence. Florence Aunspaugh’s letters to Trevor Christie (Trevor Christie Collection)
92. The Drama of the Law, by Sir Edward Parry, Ernest Benn Limited, London, 1929 (p.101)
93. Fifty-two Years a Policeman, by Sir William Nott-Bower, Edward Arnold & Co., London, 1926 (pp.131–2)
94. Macdougall, 1896 (p.25)
95. Dr Humphreys’ evidence at the inquest, Macdougall, 1891 (p.59)
96. Dr Barron’s evidence at the inquest, Macdougall, 1891 (p.60)
97. Statement of Dalgleish to Coroner Brighouse, 28 May 1889, Macdougall, 1896 (p.26)
98. Macdougall, 1896 (p.26)
99. Ibid. (p.27)
100. ‘FOR DEFENCE – As there are no parties, no distinction should be drawn before verdict between evidence for and evidence against the crown. See Rex V. Scorey (1748), 1 Leach C. C. 43, and the C. A. 1887, s. 4(1), which requires all witnesses to be examined without distinction’ (p.19). ‘A Jury man may be sworn as witness’ (p.58). A Digest of the Law and Practice Relating to the Office of Coroner, by Sydney Taylor, Horace Cox, London, 1893
101. Bro William Pickford, later the Right Honourable Lord Sternsdale, was initiated into Freemasonry on 10 November 1870 (Apollo University Lodge No. 357). The Freemason, 1903, and in 1892 the Northern Bar Lodge No. 1610. History of the Northern Bar Lodge, G. V. D., privately printed, 1976. Knighted in 1907, Pickford became a High Court judge that same year
102. New York Herald, 28 July 1889
103. Macdougall, 1896 (p.23)
104. Ibid. (p.237)
105. Baroness von Roques’ account in a letter to Alexander Macdougall. Macdougall, 1891 (p.9)
106. Ibid. (p.10)
107. Ibid. (p.11)
108. Ibid. (p.8)
109. Ibid. (p.12)
110. Mrs. Maybrick’s Own Story (p.51)
111. Liverpool Citizen, 29 May 1889
112. Ibid.
113. Liverpool Daily Post, 1 June 1889
114. Ibid.
115. New York Herald, Wednesday, 21 August 1889
116. ‘Sale of Mrs. Maybrick’s Furniture’, Liverpool Citizen, 10 July 1889 (p.9). Note: Fletcher Rodgers replaced Dalgleish as foreman at James Maybrick’s inquest. He rented Battlecrease House, where he died in December 1891
117. New York Herald, Wednesday, 21 August 1889. Note: It was Michael Maybrick who refused the death certificate: see Dr Humphreys’ cross-examination at the ‘trial’, Macdougall, 1896 (p.153)
118. New York Herald, Wednesday, 21 August 1899
Chapter 19 Victorian Values
1. The Freemason, 19 November 1892
2. ‘There are few more genial fellows than “Fat Jack,” as he’s called, and one cannot meet him, without thinking of Falstaff or Friar Tuck.’ The Man of the World, 10 August 1889 (p.8)
3. The Trial of Mrs. Maybrick, Irving, 1912 (p.3)
4. The World, New York, Thursday, 1 August 1889
5. Liverpool Daily Post, 31 July 1889
6. Macdougall, 1896 (p.152)
7. Ibid. (p.32)
8. Addison’s opening address for the prosecution, The Trial of Mrs. Maybrick, Irving (p.12)
9. Evidence of Dr. Fuller, Irving (p.58)
10. Ibid.
11. Liverpool Weekly Post, 25 May 1889
12. Ibid.
13. Irving (p.47)
14. Arthur Sullivan, a Victorian Musician, by Arthur Jacobs, Oxford University Press, 1984 (p.246)
15. Ibid. (p.139)
16. Isle of Wight Observer, Saturday, 20 September 1913
17. Ganz was G.O. in 1871 and 1873. Sheddon (p.27)
18. Irving (p.30)
19. Ibid. (p.36)
20. This Friendless Lady, by Nigel Morland, Frederick Muller Limited, London, 1952 (p.121)
21. Irving (p.129)
22. Ibid. (p.77)
23. Ibid.
24. Closing words of Addison presenting case for the Crown, Irving (p.273)
25. Affidavit to Home Secretary Matthews from Richard Cleaver, 11 August 1889 HO: A50678D-15
26. Irving (p.98)
27. Ibid. (p.198)
28. Ibid. (p.201)
29. Macnamara was fellow and former President of the Royal College of Surgeons of Ireland, and its representative on the General Medical Council of the United Kingdom, Doctor of Medicine of the University of London, Professor of Materia Medica at the Royal College and author of a standard work on the action of medicines. Irving (p.211)
30. Irving (p.212)
31. Liverpool Review, 10 August 1889 (p.15)
32. Irving (p.216)
33. What it wasn’t, was James Maybrick’s urine
34. Irving (p.216)
35. ‘It is difficult to distinguish between the blunders of counsel or the judge �
� of course the quantity here was not 1/76,000 of a grain, but 76/1000; and a few lines before, it was not 1/26,000 or 1/27,000, but 26/1,000 or 27/1,000. This is one of the ways in which a case may be prejudiced by trial before a physically incompetent judge. Probably if the notes were published, they would be found to contain dozens of errors, some of them of an important character. On the only occasion that they were referred to during the trial they proved to be wrong.’ Footnote on Stephen/Russell, The Necessity for Criminal Appeal, J. H. Levy (p.205)
36. Reminiscences of a K.C., by Thomas Edward Crispe, Matthew & Co., London, 1909 (pp.102–3)
37. Sir Charles Russell’s closing speech for the defence. Irving (p.242)
38. Irving (p.98). Immediately after this disclosure, ‘The Court adjourned.’
39. Macdougall, 1896 (p.58)
40. Ibid. (pp.58–9)
41. Ibid.
42. Ibid.
43. Ibid.
44. Affidavit of Baroness von Roques to Home Secretary Henry Matthews. Stamped: Home Office Received, 15 August 1892. A50678D/92. H. Levy (pp.475–6)
45. Cleaver’s petition to the Home Office, 11 August 1889. Home Office: A50678D
46. Irving (p.325)
47. Ibid. (pp.325–6)
48. Ibid.
49. ‘Mr. John Baillie Knight, when he found what use Mr. Justice Stephen had made of his not being called, at once communicated to [Home Secretary] Mr. Matthews, all he knew about what Mrs. Maybrick did while in London, but I venture to think it would be more satisfactory to the public, and more fair to Mrs. Maybrick, that he should publicly clear up the mystery which Mr. Justice Stephen made about him …’ Macdougall, 1896 (p.21)
50. Irving (p.328)
51. Ibid. (p.332)
52. Ibid.
53. Ibid. (p.333)
54. Review of Reviews, W. T. Stead, Vol. 6, July–December 1892 (p.393)
55. Liverpool Review, 10 August 1889 (p.4)
56. ‘The carpenters were, in fact, engaged in erecting the gallows, and Mrs. Maybrick could hear them raising her own death scaffold.’ Macdougall, 1896 (pp.231–2)
57. Eched in Arsenic, by Trevor L. Christie (p.166)
58. The Umpire, Sunday, 11 August 1889
59. The Story of My Life, by Sir Edward Clarke, John Murray, London, 1923 (p.280)
60. New York Herald, 14 August 1889
61. Pall Mall Gazette, 8 August 1889
62. Review of Reviews, W. T. Stead (p.393)
63. Washington Evening Star, 13 August 1889
64. To the editor of the Manchester Courier: ‘Sir, – Referring to my letter of the 15th inst. Relating to the above case, I have, since writing the same, learnt that the suggestions made therein are not correct, and hereby beg to tender apologies to Messrs. Michael and Thomas Maybrick for causing same to be published. – Yours, etc, R. F. Muckley. Malvern, August 26, 1889.’ Manchester and Lancashire General Advertiser, Wednesday, 28 August 1889
65. New York Herald, Wednesday, 21 August 1889
66. Stamped: Home Office: A50678D.29
67. Manchester Courier and Lancashire General Advertiser, 22 August 1889
68. New York Herald, 22 August 1889 (i.e. Bro Sir Charles Russell)
69. Minute to Henry Matthews. Stamped: Home Office, 20 August 1889. No. A50678D
70. Macdougall, 1896 (p.53)
71. Dr Coats’ report to Macdougall, 1896 (p.249)
72. Mr. E. Godwin Clayton’s report, Chemical Laboratory, 43 & 44 Holborn Viaduct, London, E.C., 2 May 1890. Macdougall, 1896 (p.257)
73. Our Conservative and Unionist Statesmen, London, Newman, Graham & Co., n.d., circa 1890, Vol. 2 (p.72 et seq.)
74. Henry Matthews announcement, 22 August 1889, Irving (p.xxxvii)
75. Ibid.
76. Reminiscences of a K.C., by Thomas Edward Crispe (pp.102–3)
77. Ibid.
78. Ibid.
79. Letter from Sir Charles Russell to Sir Matthew White Ridley, 21 November 1895. HO 144/1640/A50678(D)
80. Etched in Arsenic, by Trevor Christie (p.169)
81. Ibid. (p.173)
82. Mrs. Maybrick’s Own Story (p.67)
83. Ibid. (p.75)
84. Letter to City Police, Date stamped, 22 May 1890. Police Box 321 No. 332
85. New York Times, 11 October 1891
86. The Hawk, 13 September 1892 (p.3)
87. Ibid.
88. Etched in Arsenic, Christie (p.190)
89. The Hawk, 6 December 1892
90. The Hawk, 13 December 1892
91. The Hawk, 20 December 1892 (p.11)
92. Ibid.
93. The Maybrick Case, English Criminal Law, by Dr Helen Densmore, London and New York, December 1892 (p.127)
94. Levy (p.470)
95. Liverpool Daily Post, 14 August 1889
96. Macdougall, 1891 (p.333)
97. Ibid. (pp.536–7)
98. Ibid.
99. Ibid. (p.524)
100. Macdougall, 1891 (p.221)
101. The Trial of Mrs. Maybrick, Irving (p.31)
102. New York Herald, Monday, 19 August 1889
103. Reynold’s News, Sunday, 27 March 1892
104. Isle of Wight Observer, Saturday, 20 September 1913
105. The Diary of Jack the Ripper, by Shirley Harrison, London, 1993
106. Letter from Dr Rosemary Williamson, Chief Librarian, Trinity College of Music, 22 November 2001
107. My Life, Sixty Years’ Recollections of Bohemian London, by George R. Sims, Eveleigh Nash, London, 1917 (p.149)
108. Memories of a Musician: Reminiscences of Seventy Years of Musical Life, by Wilhelm Ganz, John Murray, London, 1913 (p.102)
109. Orpheus, From Consecration to Jubilee, by Bro T. G. E. Sheddon, 1977
110. Reminiscences of My Life, by Charles Santley, Sir Isaac Pitman, London, 1909 (p.34)
111. Student and Singer: The Reminiscences of Charles Santley, Edward Arnold, London, 1892, and Reminiscences of My Life, Santley
112. Sims Reeves: Fifty Years of Music in England, by Charles E. Pearce, Stanley Paul, London, 1924
113. Piano and Gown, by Fred E. Weatherly, G. P. Putnams Sons, London & New York, 1926
114. The Arts Club and its Members, by G. A. F. Rogers, Truslove & Hanson, London, 1920 (p.99)
115. The World, 15 January 1890 (p.8)
116. Mrs. Maybrick’s Own Story (p.223)
117. Manchester Times, 25 October 1895
118. The Maybrick Case: A Statement of the Case as a Whole, by Alexander William Macdougall, Baillière, Tindall & Cox, London, 1896
119. Levy (p.19)
120. Eight Studies in Justice, by Jack Smith-Hughes, Barrister-at-Law of the Inner Temple, Castle & Co. Limited, London, 1953 (p.209)
121. Levy (p.vii)
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They All Love Jack Page 90