The Story of French

through expansion of colonial universities

  as a force for maintaining colonization

  missionaries and

  Edufrance (program for foreign students)

  Edward the Confessor

  Eiffel, Gustave, technologist supreme

  El Fasi, Mohammed. See Fasi, Mohammed El

  Elle (magazine)

  Elmaleh, Gad

  Eloy, Jean Michel

  Empain, Édouard

  encyclopedias

  England. See the United Kingdom

  English (language). See also anglophones; assimilation (linguistic); French (language), its influence on English

  assimilation to by immigrants

  business hegemony and

  classlessness of

  “cool” & status associated with

  European versus Quebec reactions to French anglicisms

  the future of

  its influence on French

  its inheritance from French

  in Lebanon

  in Morocco

  numbers who speak the

  its path to world power

  its perceived potential harm to French

  prejudices about

  roots of

  scientific hegemony and

  vocabulary size of

  widespread usage of

  Erasmus

  Escoffier, Auguste

  esprit (lively verbal playfulness), importance of in France

  Étiemble, René

  etiquette, salon culture and

  explorers, French

  Expo 67 (Montreal)

  FACSEA. See French American Cultural Services and Education Aid (FACSEA)

  Faidherbe, General Louis de

  Fallon, Bishop Michael

  Fangong, Frantz

  Farman, Eugène & Henri

  Fasi, Mohammed El

  Fauchard, Pierre

  fautes (mistakes)

  fears of unforgiveness for

  modern increases imagined in

  the moral concept of

  Fenelon, Henri

  Ferry, Jules

  Fitzgerald, F. Scott

  Flaubert, Gustave

  Flemish (language)

  FLQ. See Front de libération du Québec (FLQ)

  Foster, Jodie

  Foucault, Michel

  France

  anglomania in

  centrality of

  demographic decline in

  emigration from during the Revolution

  foreign opinions of

  early history of

  post-war difficulties of

  post-war resurgence of

  tourism to

  Francien (dialect)

  Francique (language)

  François I, (King of France)

  his artistic & cultural taste

  personality of

  statecraft of

  Francophone Association for Friendship

  and Liaison. See Association

  francophone d’amité et de liaison

  Francophonie (organization)

  defined

  its efforts & accomplishments

  its nature & founding

  its residual problems

  present rules for membership

  the francophonie (people)

  attitudes about in France

  defined

  misunderstandings possible among

  oppression felt from anglophones by

  organizations of

  prejudice of against supposed French

  Canadian “patois,”

  pride among

  sense of cultural exceptionality among

  Franco-Provençal (language)

  Françoys (evolving Frankish)

  Frankish (language)

  Franks people, their early history in France

  Frederick II, (king)

  French (language). See also the Académie Française; Alliance françaises; assimilation (linguistic); bon usage; fautes; France; Francophonie; the francophonie; language; the norme; patois; puriste; schools

  acceptance of the

  agents for the spread of

  in Algeria

  in America

  anglicisms in debated

  argot and

  articles (grammatical) of the

  its association with human rights

  attitudes about in France

  in Belgium. See Belgium, French language development in; French (language), in Quebec versus Belgiumin

  Brazil

  in Cambodia

  the Canadian eclipse of outside Quebec

  changes in & evolution of the

  chic & status associated with

  as a colonial heritage

  in the Congo

  cultural aspects & values embedded in

  cultural diplomacy used to spread the

  decline in the use of

  decline in users’ “quality” of

  development of the

  development of its rules. See also puriste,

  different dialects of spoken

  dictionaries of the

  distinguished from French people or government

  in Egypt

  its endurance in decolonized countries

  English seen as a threat to. See English (language), its perceived potential harm to French

  evolved from Françoys into Français

  expansion of during the Revolution

  feminized titles in the

  foreign imports adapted to the

  future of the

  globalized networking using the

  grammars of the

  grammatical changes in the

  in Guadeloupe

  in Haiti

  hopes for the survival of

  its importance during the Revolution

  importations to from other languages

  in Indochina

  its influence on English. See also English (language), its influence on French

  institutionalization of the

  in Israel

  in Ivory Coast

  as the language of business

  as the language of diplomacy

  as the language of revolution

  as the language of science

  in Laos

  in Lebanon

  its legal status in Canada

  linked to the French State

  in Louisiana

  increasing malleability of

  in Martinique

  in Mauritius

  in Morocco

  as a mother tongue

  motivations for learning the

  numbers who speak the

  official status of at the U.N.

  organizations primarily working in the

  perceived close association to France of

  politicization surrounding

  more popular than the French State

  problems faced by the

  pronunciation changes in the

  in Quebec. See also Quebec

  in Quebec versus Belgium

  regional languages and the

  re-Latinization of

  resilience & endurance of

  reverence for

  the rigidity of its rules. See also puriste

  schools to teach the. See also schools, in French

  as a second language

  in Senegal

  as a sign of Revolutionary loyalty

  skills providing a means for social advancement

  in Switzerland

  in Tunisia

  its usage in 1793 France

  vocabulary changes in the

  the French Academy. See the Académie Française

  French American Cultural Services and Education Aid (FACSEA)

  French Canadians. See also francophonie; Quebec

  birth rate among

  Canadian rule of

  early British rule of

  their isolation from France

  as North American frontiersmen

  French culture. See also F
rench (language), cultural aspects & values embedded in

  efforts at protection of

  French editing & publications

  lack of clarity from

  policy changes in

  French Guiana

  the French Revolution

  exporting of

  history of

  Frère, Albert

  Front de libération du Québec (FLQ)

  Frontenac, General Louis de Buade de

  Fumaroli, Marc

  Furetière, Antoine de

  fur trade

  Gadet, Françoise

  Gaelic (language)

  Gallo, Robert

  Gallo-Roman (language)

  Garou (Quebec musician)

  GATT (General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade)

  Gaugin, Paul

  Gaulish (language)

  Galle, Charles de. See de Gaulle, Charles

  Gay-Lussac, Louis Joseph

  Gendreau-Massaloux, Michèle

  genealogy, francophone interest in

  Geneva

  as an international & humanitarian centre

  Protestant & Huguenot origins of

  the Geneva Convention

  geocultural spheres

  George, David Lloyd

  German (language)

  its influence on Swiss-French

  nationalistic pride in the

  in Switzerland

  Germanic languages, comparisons among

  Germany

  French linguistic interests in

  as a Huguenot refuge

  rejection of Versailles treaty by

  Gervais, Gaëtan

  Gide, André

  Gilder, Alfred

  Godillot, Louis

  Godwinson, Duke Harold

  Goethe Institutes

  Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von

  Gorée Island

  Gosn, Carlos

  Goths

  Goudaillier, Jean-Pierre

  Graddol, David

  grammar, general

  grammars (French). See French (language), grammars of the

  the grand tour

  Greek culture, Roman imitation of

  Greek language

  Greek literature, classical

  Greek people, francophilia among the

  Greek settlements

  Grégoire, Abbé Henri

  Grévisse, Maurice

  Groseilliers, Médard Chouart des

  Groulx, Lionel

  Guadeloupe island

  slave revolts on

  Guernsey, Isle of

  Guerrsel, Mohammed

  Guillotin, Joseph-Ignace

  Guizot, François

  Gustav III, (king)

  Hagège, Claude

  Haiti (Saint-Domingue)

  economic situation in

  émigrés from

  French language development in

  slave revolts in

  Hallyday, Johnny

  Haussmann, Georges Eugène

  Havas, Émile

  Hébert, Louis

  Hebrew (language)

  resuscitation of

  Hebrew Language Academy (Jerusalem)

  Hegel, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich

  Hemingway, Ernest

  Henri IV, (king)

  his court

  Henry IV, (king)

  Henry V, (king)

  Henry VIII, (king)

  High Council of the French Language. See Conseil supérior de la langue française (High Council of the French Language)

  Hindi (language)

  Hobbes, Thomas

  Ho Chi Minh

  Houellebecq, Michel

  Houphouët-Boigny, Félix

  Hudson’s Bay Company

  Hugo, Victor

  Huguenots (French Protestants)

  Hume, David

  Hundred Years War (first)

  Hundred Years War (second)

  Huron Indians

  Huston, Nancy

  index, puzzling self-reference to

  Indo-European languages

  inflections of a language

  Innocent III (pope)

  Institute of Current World Affairs (Paris)

  Institutos Cervantes

  intermarriage, its perceived dangers for francophones

  International Bureau of Weights & Measurements

  International Civil Aviation Organization

  International Federation of Teachers of French

  International Monetary Fund

  International Organization of the Francophonie. See Francophonie (organization)

  the Iraq crisis

  Iroquois Indians

  Islam, its resistance to colonizing efforts

  Israel. See also Alliance israélite universelle (AIU); Hebrew (language)

  Italian (language)

  Ivory Coast

  independence in

  possible creolization in

  Japanese (language)

  Jarislowski, Stephen

  Jarmarche, Samir

  Jean, Michaëlle

  Jelloun, Tahar Ben

  Jennings, Geraint

  Jèrriais (language). See Norman-French (language)

  Jersey, Isle of

  Johnson, Samuel

  Jolliet, Louis

  Jones, William

  Kabwe-Segatti, Désiré K. Wa

  Kader, Samir

  Kant, Immanuel

  Kaufman, Edy

  King, William Lyon Mackenzie

  Klinkenberg, Jean-Marie

  Kourouma, Amadou

  Kouyaté, Ibrahima

  Ku Klux Klan, anti-French activities of

  Kundera, Milan

  Labatt, John Kinder

  La Boétie (Montaigne’s friend)

  La Fayette, Madame de

  La Fontaine, Jean de

  la Ramée, Pierre de

  La Salle, René-Robert Cavelier de

  Laferrière, Dany

  Lagrange, Joseph Louis de

  Lalonde, Michèle

  Lamartine, Alphonse de

  Lambert, Madame De. See De Lambert, Madame

  Lambrecht, Xavier

  Lancelot, Claude

  language

  competition for control of

  difficulties in defining speakers of

  difficulties with statistics about

  as geocultural

  incorrectly perceived threats to

  mental domains of

  as a recent aspect of statehood

  language protection

  Académie Française and

  aggressive policies for

  in France

  in Quebec

  widespread attempts at

  Larousse, Pierre

  Latin

  banned in France

  its decline in 16th C. France

  its decline in 17th C. France

  eclipse of in France

  restricted usage of

  its usage in French science

  Laurendeau, André

  Lavoisier, Antoine de

  Law 101 (Quebec language law)

  Le Monde

  League of Nations

  Lebanon. See Syria & Lebanon

  Leblanc, Dudley (senator)

  Le Breton, Clarence

  Le Centre culturel français (Jerusalem)

  Lecherbonnier, Bernard

  Leclerc, Felix

  Leclerc, General (Napoleon’s brother-in-law)

  Leclerc, Jacques

  Léger, Jean-Marc

  Leopold I, (king)

  Leopold II, (king)

  Lesage, Jean

  Lesotho

  Lesseps, Ferdinand de

  Leven, Narcisse

  Lévesque, Father Georges-Henri

  Lévesque, René

  Lewis, Meriwether

  lexicon, defined

  Librairie Vice Versa

  lingua franca, defined

  linguistic patriotism, as geocultural playing card

  Littré, Emile

 
; Livingstone, David

  Locke, John

  Longfellow, Henry Wadsworth

  Lopez, Stéphane

  loucherbem (pig-Latin language)

  Louis XIV, (king)

  Louis XV, (king)

  Louis XVI, (king)

  Louis XIII, (king)

  Louis XVIII, (king)

  Louis-Philippe, (king)

  Louis, Antoine

  Louisiana (Greater)

  Louisiana (state), French language & law in

  the Louisiana Purchase (1803)

  la louisianisation,

  L’Ouverture, General Toussaint

  Lumière, Louis

  Lusignan, Professor Serge

  Ly, Amadou

  Maalouf, Amin

  Madinier, Bénédicte

  Maigret, Louis

  Maillet, Antonine

  Makine, André

  Malherbe, François de

  his contributions

  his personality

  Malinké (language)

  Malraux, André

  Manesse, Danièle

  Manet, Édouard

  Mans, Jacques Peletier du. See du Mans, Jacques Peletier

  Marie-Antoinette

  Marie-Louise d’Orléans, (queen)

  Marquer, Alain

  Marquette, Jacques

  Martel, Pierre

  Martinique island

  slave revolts on

  Mas, Cézette du. See du Mas, Cézette

  Mauritius (Île-de-France)

  MC Solaar

  McCrum, Robert

  Médici, Catherine de’

  Ménard, Marc

  Mérimée, Prosper

  Meternich, Prince

  Métis rebellion in Manitoba

  metric measure, development of

  Meunier, Jacques

  Michel, Albin

  Michelin, Édouard

  Millet, Jean-François

  Minuit, Pieter

  missionaries (French)

  as colonial assistants

  as explorers

  as Republicans

  as teachers

  Mission laïque française

  Mistral, Frédéric

  Mobutu, Sese Seko

  Molière

  Monaco

  Monet, Jean

  Mont, Pierre Du Gua de. See de Mont, Pierre Du Gua

  Montaigne, Michel de

  schooled in Latin

  Montaignier, Luc

  Montesquieu

  Montgolfier, Jacques Étienne & Joseph Michel

  More, Thomas

  Morellet, Abbé André

  Morocco

  Motion Picture Association of America

  Moussa (language)

  Moynierer, Gustave

  Nadeau, Jean-Benoît

  background of

  critiques of his spoken French

  Nader, Ralph

  Napoleon II

  Napoleon III

  Napoleon Bonaparte

  his ultimate defeat

  sells Louisiana

  Napoleonic Code. See the Civil Code (Napoleonic)

  Necker, Jacques

  New Caledonia

  New England colonies, early settlement of

  New France. See also French Canadians; Quebec

  early settlement of

  militaristic nature of

  Newton, Isaac

  Nicot, Jean

  Noël, François