by David Garrow
54. OFI, “State’s Largest Teamsters Local Backs Obama in U.S. Senate Race,” 15 February 2004; Obama Weekly Update, 19 February 2004, TWP; Rick Pearson, “Steve Neal, 54,” CT, 20 February 2004; David Mendell, “Blair Hull Defends Self on Divorce Incident,” CT, 21 February 2004; OFI, “Young Voters Rally for Obama,” 21 February 2004; Debra Schommer Klein e-mail to Kupper, 21 February 2004, JKP; Terrie Pickerill scheduling e-mails and “TV Scripts,” n.d., ca. 20 February 2004, TPP; “2004 Campaign Polling: Illinois Senate,” NationalJournal.com, 21–22 February 2004; Dave Orrick, “Hull Responds to Report of Domestic Violence,” CDH, 22 February 2004, p. 17; Bernard Schoenburg, “Special Interest Foe Hull Helps Ex-Wife Land State Job,” SJR, 22 February 2004, p. 15; Andrew Herrmann and Scott Fornek, “Wealthy Hopefuls Lead Senate Race,” CST, 22 February 2004, p. 3; John Chase, “Pappas Is Picking Up 1 Vote at a Time,” CT, 22 February 2004; OFI, “Former Clinton Campaign Manager Endorses Obama,” 22 February 2004; John Chase, “TV Spots Pay Off in Ryan, Hull Senate Bids,” CT, 23 February 2003; CF, 23 February 2004; Axelrod & Associates, “Yes,” 23 February 2003, JKP and YouTube; SB 866, 3 July 2001, PA 92-0048; SB 130, 30 June 2003, PA 93-0063; SB 4, 18 August 2003, PA 93-0534; SB 15, 12 August 2003, PA 93-0517; Greg Hinz, “Dems Hit Local Airwaves,” CCB, 23 February 2004; Adriana Colindres, “Obama Sees Himself as Fresh Voice on Issues,” Copley News Service, 23 February 2004; Madhuri Kommareddi e-mail to Terry Walsh et al., “Obama Consultant Call Tuesday,” 23 February 2004, JKP; “Obama Hits Airwaves on Road to Victory,” CD, 24 February 2004, p. 2; Lauren W. Whittington, “Hull Goes for Broke,” RC, 25 February 2004; John Bachtell, “Illinois Senate Race Offers Historic Opportunity,” PWW, 28 February 2004; John S. Jackson, “The Making of a Senator,” Southern Illinois University, August 2006; Presta, Mr. and Mrs. Grassroots, p. 154, 156; McClelland, Young Mr. Obama, p. 245; DJG interviews with Rick Ridder, Anita Dunn, Mike Henry, Jason Erkes, Don Wiener, Sheila Simon, and Madhuri Kommareddi.
55. OFI Block Schedule, February 2004, JKP; Obama Weekly Update, 19 February 2004, TWP; David Mendell and Molly Parker, “Opponents Take Aim at Hull on His Divorce, Other Issues,” CT, 24 February 2004; Bernard Schoenburg, “Senate Candidates Spar in Springfield,” SJR, 24 February 2004, p. 9; Scott Fornek, “Hull Was Late Opposing War, Obama Says,” and “Hull Says He’s OK with Releasing Divorce Record,” CST, 24 February 2004, p. 6; Christopher Wills, “Abuse Accusations Against Hull Take Center Stage,” AP, 24 February 2004; John Patterson, “Democrats Press Hull for Details on Protection Order,” CDH, 24 February 2004, p. 5; CF, 24, 25, and 27 February 2004; Dorothy Schneider, “Officials: Clean Air Act Haunts Illinois,” SJR, 25 February 2004, p. 12; OFI, “Sheila Simon, Daughter of the Late Sen. Paul Simon, Endorses Obama for U.S. Senate,” 25 February 2004; Steve Horrell, “Simon Backing Obama,” EI, 26 February 2004; Diane Wilkins, “Simon Endorses Obama,” MDR, 26 February 2004; Schoenburg, “Obama Gets Endorsement from Simon’s Daughter,” SJR, 26 February 2004, p. 12; “2004 Campaign Polling: Illinois Senate,” NationalJournal.com, 29 February 2004 (Hynes’ Global Strategy Group, polling 800 likely voters February 22–24, had Hull leading Hynes and Obama 21–19–19); “Obama, Post-Debate, Overtakes Hull in IL Democrat Sen Primary,” SurveyUSA, 24 February 2004, 8pp.; Schoenburg, SJR, 26 February 2006, p. 7; Andrew Herrmann, “New Poll Shows Obama Pulling Ahead of Hull,” CST, 26 February 2004, p. 30; Eric Zorn, “The Real Hull Slips Out from Behind the Ads,” CT, 26 February 2004; Senate Floor Transcript, 26 February 2004, p. 4 (Obama introduces SR 441); Terry Walsh e-mail to Obama et al., “Revisiting Topline Vote Goals,” and John Del Cecato e-mail to David Axelrod et al., “New Poll,” 26 February 2004, JKP; Zorn, “Hull Relents: ‘Read My Files!,’” Change of Subject Blog, ChicagoTribune.com, 26 February 2004, 1:10 P.M.; Mendell, “Hull, Ex-Wife Ask Judge to Unseal Divorce Files,” CT, 27 February 2004; Michael Sneed, “Sneed,” Frank Main, “Police Report: Wife Said She Kicked Hull, He Hit Her,” and “This Democratic Senate Pick Can Hit the Ground Running,” CST, 27 February 2004, pp. 4, 10, 55; Eric Krol, “Spenders Lead Race for Senate,” and “Hull to Release Divorce Records,” CDH, 27 February 2004, pp. 1, 5; Schoenburg, “Hull, Wife Want Divorce File Unsealed,” SJR, 27 February 2004, p. 15; Chris Rickert, “Democrats Obama, Hynes Take Similar Stands on the Issues,” DDC, 27 February 2004; United Power for Action and Justice, “Citizens’ Report on Candidates for U.S. Senate,” March 2004, pp. 5–6 (26 February 2004); Bennett, Petts & Blumenthal, “Recap of Surveys of Illinois Democratic Voters,” 4 May 2004, MBP; Remnick, The Bridge, p. 375; Coleman, The Obama Phenomenon, pp. 43, 85; Axelrod, Believer, p. 145; DJG interviews with Bill Haine, Evelyn Bowles, Rick Ridder, Anita Dunn, Mike Henry, Jason Erkes, Laura Russell Hunter, Dan Shomon, Fred Lebed, Claire Serdiuk, and Dan Hynes. No complete recording or transcript of the 23 February debate seems to survive.
56. “Affidavit of Brenda Sexton Hull,” Hull v. Hull, #35363, Cook County Circuit Court, 12 March 1998, 7pp., JKP and TWP; Eric Zorn, “The Hull Files,” Change of Subject Blog, ChicagoTribune.com, 27 February 2004, 1:10 P.M.; Rick Ridder to Kathy Hull, “Current Controversy,” [27 February 2004], RRP; David Mendell, “Hull’s Ex-Wife Called Him Violent Man in Divorce File,” and Zorn, “Hull’s Biggest Mistake Isn’t in Divorce File,” CT, 28 February 2004; Frank Main, “Hull’s Dirty Laundry on the Line,” CST, 28 February 2004, p. 4; Rob Olmstead and Eric Krol, “Papers Show Hull Threats, Profanity,” CDH, 28 February 2004, p. 1; Daniel Duggan, “One-Liners Show Deep Differences with President,” ECN, 28 February 2004, p. A1; OFI, “Barack Obama Endorsed by Sun-Times AND Tribune,” 28 February 2004; “For the Democrats: Obama,” and John Kass, “Hull Learning Nothing Fair in Illinois Politics,” CT, 29 February 2004; Michael Sneed, “Deciphering Blair Hull,” CST, 29 February 2004, p. 4; Krol, “Hull Campaign Not Ruined, Experts Say,” CDH, 29 February 2004, p. 1; Bernard Schoenburg, “Costly Primary,” and “U.S. Senate Democratic Candidates: Barack Obama,” SJR, 29 February 2004, pp. 1, 4; Mike Ramsey, “U.S. Senate Hopefuls Make Pitch Outside Chicago,” ODT, 29 February 2004; Chuck Sweeny, “Democratic Candidates for U.S. Senate,” RRS, 29 February 2004, p. H4; “Primary Vote an Important One,” and “Barack Obama,” JHN, 29 February 2004; OFI, “Star Newspapers Endorse Obama,” and “Service Union Rally for U.S. Senate Candidate Barack Obama Draws 1,000,” 29 February 2004; “Mentor,” JKP, TWP, and JCP; LGBT Committee for Obama, Speakeasy Supper Club Brunch, 29 February 2004; Nicole Saunders, “The Next Black Senator?,” Essence, March 2004, p. 32; Dan Johnson-Weinberger, “Picking the Good Ones,” TCP, March 2004, p. 3; Michael Ibrahem, “U.S. Senate Candidate Barack Obama,” Residents’ Journal, March–April 2004; Krol and John Patterson, “Oberweis Not Backing Down on Immigration,” CDH, 1 March 2004, p. 9; “Illinois Needs Senator with Track Record, Experience,” BP, 1 March 2004, p. A8; CF, 1 March 2004; Scott Fornek, “Barack Obama,” CST, 1 March 2004, p. 6; Mendell, “Hull Criticizes Drugmakers, but Heavily Invests in Them,” CT, 1 March 2004; Mundy, Michelle, p. 147; Shomon in Remnick, The Bridge, p. 377; McClelland, Young Mr. Obama, p. 245; DJG interviews with Nate Tamarin, Paul Harstad, John Kupper, Randon Gardley, and Jim Cauley. Subsequent speculation seeking to credit David Axelrod with a decisive role in the public release of Sexton’s deposition reflected both exaggeration and implications of false credit-claiming. CF, 4 March 2004 (“It’s highly doubtful that any of his opponents had much, if anything to do with the story’s genesis”), Mendell, “Obama Lets Opponent Do Talking,” CT, 24 June 2004 (“the Democrat’s campaign worked aggressively behind the scenes to fuel controversy about Hull’s filings”), CF, 30 August 2004 (“some prominent media types wrongly credited Dan Hynes with the kill”), Mendell in Ben Smith, “Obama’s Style: Go Negative, Stay Clean,” Politico, 3 November 2011 (“Axelrod and the Obama Senate campaign played no public role in unsealing the Hull or Ryan divorce records. But behind-the-scenes machinations were more complicated. . . . You really have to connect the dots to pin things on Axelrod”), and DJG interviews with Audra Wilson, Don Wiener, Joh
n Kupper, Terrie Pickerill, Pete Giangreco, Terry Walsh, and Toni Preckwinkle. Thanks to opposition researcher Don Wiener, Blair Hull’s campaign was directly responsible for the FEC imposing a $275,000 fine on James Chao, an executive who reimbursed his APEX Healthcare employees for $69,500 in donations to Dan Hynes, and a $76,500 penalty on Hynes’s campaign. Mendell, “Exec Fined $275,000 over Donations to Hynes Campaign,” CT, 29 April 2005, and Rick Pearson, “Hynes’ Senate Campaign Will Pay FEC to Settle Complaints,” CT, 20 December 2006.
57. Bennett, Petts & Blumenthal, “Recap of Surveys of Illinois Democratic Primary Voters,” 4 May 2004, MBP; Harstad Strategic Research, “Track 2: Illinois Statewide Democratic Primary Survey,” 29 February–1 March 2004, JKP and PHP; “Left to Spend as of March 1,” Obama Block Schedule, March 2004, John Kupper daybook entries, March 2004, JKP; John Chase and Molly Parker, “NOW Puts Hull on the Defensive Over Divorce File,” CT, 2 March 2004; CF, 2 and 3 March 2004; Jennifer Koons, “Chico, Pappas Focus on Education & Jobs,” NationalJournal.com, 2 March 2004; “2004 Campaign Polling: Illinois Senate,” NationalJournal.com, 1–3 March 2004; OFI, “Obama Raises Another $1.3 Million Since Jan. 1st,” 2 March 2004; David Mendell and Liam Ford, “Hull Calls in Press, Then Takes a Hike,” CT, 3 March 2004; Christopher Wills, “In Senate Race, Government Experience Comes in All Flavors,” AP, 3 March 2004; Rich Miller, “Blair Hull Has a Really Big Problem,” GZ, 4 March 2004; Lauren W. Whittington, “Man and Machine,” RC, 4 March 2004; Peter Savodnik, “Obama-Ryan Match a ‘GQ Race to Watch,’” TH, 4 March 2004; “Mixed Messages,” IT, 4 March 2004; Chase and Mendell, “Divorce Is Now an Issue for GOP,” CT, 4 March 2004; OFI, FEC Form 3, Report of Receipts and Disbursements, 1 January–25 February 2004, 1 March 2004; Koons, “Hynes Details Plans for Health Care, Jobs,” NationalJournal.com, 4 March 2004; Channel 7 ABC TV, 4 March 2004, MBC; Scott Fornek, “Contribution from MJ Helps Obama Campaign Fund Soar,” CST, 5 March 2004, p. 9; “Michael Likes Obama Too,” CST, 8 March 2004, p. 31; Chris Fusco and Robert C. Herguth, “Gov Adviser Quietly Held Casino Hand,” CST, 7 March 2004, p. 7; Fusco, “Gov Rejects Request to Stay Out of Gaming Regulation,” CST, 23 March 2004, p. 9; Fusco et al., “Gov Taps D.C. Lawyer to Probe Casino Ruling,” CST, 25 March 2004, p. 12; Dave McKinney, “Gov. Fund-Raiser Linked to Man in Indictment,” CST, 7 August 2005, p. A10; Robert Elder, “Brokerage Leader Helping Others Invest in Obama,” AAS, 23 February 2007, p. B6; Sandra Sobieraj Westfall and Maureen Harrington, “No Ordinary Contender,” People, 19 February 2007, p. 83; Patrick J. Fitzgerald, “Government’s Motion for Admission of Other Acts of Evidence,” U.S. v. Antoin Rezko, N. D. Ill. #05-CR-691, 11 January 2008, pp. 10 and 17 (Aramanda cooperated with prosecutors); Korecki, Only in Chicago, p. 144; DJG interviews with Rick Ridder, Mark Blumenthal, Anita Dunn, Mike Henry, Blair Hull, Chris Mather, Jef Pollock, Dan Hynes, Freddrenna Lyle, and Rob Fisher.
58. Burt Constable, “Best Candidate Has Worst Name,” CDH, 2 March 2004, p. 9; Scott Fornek and Andrew Herrmann, “Senate Rivals Urge Ryan to Unseal Divorce Records,” and Mary Mitchell, “Don’t Black Politicians Know Who Their People Are?,” CST, 4 March 2004, pp. 9 and 14; Phil Ponce, City Club Debate, Chicago Tonight, WTTW, 4 March 2004; Matthew Miller, The 2% Solution (Public Affairs, 2003), esp. pp. xi, 53, 262; Ron Ingram, “Obama States His Case in Decatur for Senate Nomination,” DHR, 5 March 2004, p. A3; Rick Pearson, “Divorce Turns into Albatross of Senate Race,” CT, 5 March 2004; Herrmann and Fornek, “Obama Leads Pack for Dem Senate Nod,” Curtis Lawrence and Fornek, “Hull Says He Struck Wife to Defend Himself,” and Dave McKinney, “Obama Pals Block Bill Helpful to Rival Hynes,” CST, 5 March 2004, pp. 9, 10, 32; John Patterson, “Messy Divorce Tale Told by Hull,” CDH, 5 March 2004, p. 1; Kurt Erickson, “Poll: Hull Slips; Ryan Far Ahead,” BP, 5 March 2004, p. A1; Mike Robinson, “Democrat Obama Grabs Lead in Fresh Poll,” AP, 5 March 2004; Kristen McQueary, “Obama Surges to Lead in Southtown Poll,” ECN, 6 March 2004; Eric Krol, “Your Senate Choice: Millionaire or Fund Raiser,” CDH, 7 March 2004, p. 1; “Handshakes Aren’t Like Rubbing Elbows,” CT, 7 March 2004; Lauren W. Whittington, “Final Days for Fightin’ Illini,” RC, 9 March 2004; Ellen Warren, “Scenes from a Senate Campaign,” CT, 12 March 2004; “Rod McCulloch’s Response to Jeff Berkowitz,” ArchPundit.com, 3 July 2004; DJG interviews with Rod McCulloch, Andy Davis, and Anita Dunn.
59. Channel 7 ABC TV, 5 and 6 March 2004, MBC; John Chase and John Bebow, “Ex-Wife Refuses to Back Down from Hull,” CT, 6 March 2004; Andrew Herrmann and Scott Fornek, “Hull’s Ex-Wife Tells Her Side,” CST, 6 March 2004, p. 2; Eric Krol, “Hull Responds in Ad About His Divorce,” CDH, 6 March 2004, p. 4; Monica Davey, “Closely Watched Illinois Senate Race Attracts 7 Candidates in Millionaire Range,” NYT, 7 March 2004; Chuck Sweeny, “Obama, Hynes Talk Jobs in Race for Senate,” RRS, 7 March 2004, p. B1; David Mendell, “Proud of ‘Battle Scars,’ Chico Still in the Fight,” CT, 7 March 2004; Dorothy Schneider, “Hynes Makes Campaign Stop in City,” SJR, 7 March 2004, p. 11; John J. Miller, “Racing for the Senate,” NR, 8 March 2004; Chinta Strausberg, “Obama, Davis, Others Remember ‘Bloody Sunday,’” and Joe Ruklick, “Obama Holding Slight Lead in Democratic Senate Nomination Race,” CD, 8 March 2004, pp. 2 and 4; Krol, “Obama Says Autobiography Teaches Lessons,” CDH, 8 March 2004, p. 11; Mark Samuels, “Fight for Clean Air Hits Illinois Floor,” QCT, 8 March 2004; CF, 8 March 2004; John Bebow, “Hull’s Ex-Wife Wants a Different Spotlight,” CT, 10 March 2004; Carol Slezak, “Heel or a Hero?,” CST, 10 March 2004, p. 51; “Manpower vs. Machine,” Philadelphia Magazine, March 2007; Marcia Gelbart, “Obama Helps Fattah Seek Some Late Funds,” PI, 8 May 2007; Kenneth P. Vogel, “‘Mystery’ Man Lends Support to Obama,” Politico, 19 October 2008; Paul Schwartzman, “A Political Strategist with D.C. on His Mind,” WP, 8 April 2014; DJG interviews with Jim Cauley, Nate Tamarin, Kevin Watson, David LeBreton, Kevin Thompson, Lyndell Luster, Emil Jones Jr., John Kelly, Al Kindle, Tom Lindenfeld, and Greg Naylor.
60. “Choice for U.S. Senate,” CDH, 7 March 2004, p. 16; “United States Senate—Democrat: Barack Obama,” PJS, 7 March 2004, p. A4; “For U.S. Senate,” SLPD, 7 March 2004, p. B2; “Endorsement: U.S. Senate, Democrats,” ABN, 7 March 2004, p. D2; OFI, “Obama Picks Up Endorsements from the Daily Herald, St. Louis Post-Dispatch, Champaign News-Gazette, and the Peoria Journal Star,” 7 March 2004; Harstad Strategic Research, “Track 3: Statewide Democratic Primary Survey,” 7–8 March 2004, JKP and PHP; Rick Pearson, “Obama, Ryan Out Front,” Eric Zorn, “Disparagment of Obama Votes Doesn’t Hold Up,” and Joseph Kellman, “2 Hopefuls Are Primarily Long Shots,” CT, 9 March 2004; CF, 9 March 2004; John Patterson, “Pro-Choice Advocates Defend Obama Votes,” CDH, 10 March 2004, p. 15; Bennett, Petts & Blumenthal, “Recap of Surveys of Illinois Democratic Primary Voters,” 4 May 2004, MBP; Blair Hull direct mail, “WDM,” “MSHC,” and “HUL0469,” “Joyce Washington Democrat for U.S. Senate,” SM&M, Obama direct mail, “BO_PRO1,” “BO_PRO3,” and “BO_A1cr,” JKP, PGP, and RRP; “Faith” and “Assault” urban radio ads, JKP, TWP, and TPP; DJG interviews with Paul Harstad, Mike Kulisheck, Mark Blumenthal, Rick Ridder, Pete Giangreco, Terry Walsh, John Kupper, and Terrie Pickerill.
61. Eric Fidler, “Obama Takes Lead in Polls, Donations” and “Barack Obama Moves Front and Center in Illinois Democratic Senate Race,” AP, 9 and 10 March 2004; Russ Stewart, “Hull’s ‘Collapse’ Has Senatorial Precedent,” NSP, 10 March 2004; “For U.S. Senate,” MD, 10 March 2004, p. A4; “Hyde Park Citizen’s Endorsements,”HPC, 10 March 2004, p. 2; John Chase and David Mendell, “Candidate Without Faults Is a Rarity,” CT, 10 March 2004; Audra Wilson e-mail to John Kupper et al., “ABC 7 Debate,” 20 January 2004, JKP; ABC 7 News, 10 March 2004, 10 P.M.; Ron Carter, “Barack Obama for U.S. Senator,” SSJ, 11 March 2004, p. 11; “Obama for Democrats,” DPT, 11 March 2004; Lauren W. Whittington, “Rivals Race to Catch Obama,” RC, 11 March 2004; Harold Henderson et al., “15 Candidates! We Can Help,” Michael Miner, “The View from Downstate,” and Ben Joravsky, “Why Won’t He
Commit?,” CR, 11 March 2004; Todd Spivak, “Head of the Class,” IT, 11 March 2004; Chinta Strausberg, “Pols: ‘Kerry’s the Man to Defeat Bush,’” CD, 11 March 2004, p. 2; Chase and John McCormick, “Hull Concedes He Took Cocaine in Early ’80s,” CT, 11 March 2004; Abdon M. Pallasch, “Hynes Pounces on Obama at Last Debate,” CST, 11 March 2004, p. 10; Eric Krol, “Hynes Criticizes Obama for Votes on Spending,” CDH, 11 March 2004, p. 7; Mike Ramsey, “Hynes, Obama Clash Over Budget at Debate,” SJR, 11 March 2004, p. 11; “Hynes Takes Shot at Obama at Forum,” PJS, 11 March 2004; Mike Robinson, “Democratic Senate Hopefuls, in Home Stretch, Exchange Shots,” AP, 11 March 2004; OFI, “Sierra Club and LCV Endorse Obama,” 5 February 2004; “LCV Mounts Independent Campaign on Behalf of Barack Obama for U.S. Senate,” 9 March 2004; Public Citizen’s “New Stealth PACs” archive at www.stealthpacs.org; Jennifer Koons, “LCV Praises Obama’s Enviro Record,” NationalJournal.com, 11 March 2004; OFI, “Obama Places Major Ad Buy in Metro East,” 11 March 2004; “Hope,” BUO-04-17, JCP and TPP; “Faith” (DNA: Did Not Air), TWP and TPP; “Barack OBAMA U.S. Senate Yes, We Can!,” PGP; David Axelrod e-mail to Audra Wilson et al., 11 March 2004, JKP; “The Five Questions,” CJN, 12 March 2004; Harold Meyerson, “A Bright Hope in Illinois,” WP, 12 March 2004; AP, “Candidates for U.S. Senate Make Last Push,” CDH, 12 March 2004, p. I-12; Kurt Erickson, “Obama, Ryan Pulling Away in Senate Races,” BP, 12 March 2004, p. A1; Jeff Smyth, “Hynes Says U.S. Senate Primary Down to Two,” SI, 12 March 2004; Matt O’Connor et al., “U.S. Indicts Consumer Advocate,” CT, 12 March 2004; Dave Newbart, “Schakowsky’s Husband Indicted in Bank Fraud,” CST, 12 March 2004, p. 6; Laurie Cohen, “For a Public Watchdog, Questions of Politics, Principles,” CT, 6 June 1993; Jeff Berkowitz, “Buzzzzz,” Blogspot.com, 12 March 2004; Jennifer Koons, “Obama Touts Past Work with Simon,” NationalJournal.com, 12 March 2004; OFI, “The Final Countdown to Victory,” Bob Chinn’s Crabhouse, 12 March 2004, 6 P.M.; “Barack Obama Is Our Choice,” “Our Endorsements,” and “Barack Obama,” CD, 13 March 2004, p. 1, 19, 25; “Democrat: Barack Obama,” RRS, 14 March 2004, p. H1; John Chase and David Mendell, “Senate Rivals Struggle to Wash Off Mud Stains,” CT, 14 March 2004; Jonathan Goldman, Executive Director, Illinois Environmental Council, “2004 Environmental Scorecard,” n.d.; Rick Pearson and Ray Long, “Careful Steps, Looking Ahead,” CT, 3 May 2007; Mendell, Obama, p. 240; Presta, Mr. and Mrs. Grassroots, p. 156; DJG interviews with Claire Serdiuk, Kaleshia Page, Andy Davis, Randon Gardley, Jim Cauley, Pete Giangreco, Terry Walsh, John Kupper, Terrie Pickerill, Jeremy Flynn, Jack Darin, Pat Welch, Howard Learner, and Jonathan Goldman. No audio or video recording or transcript of the 10 March WLS and League of Women Voters debate seems to survive, despite MBC having copies of most WLS news broadcasts. The Internet Archive did not save either WLS’s or the Illinois League’s Web pages during March 2004.