O’Neill, D., The Last Giant of Beringia: The Mystery of the Bering Land Bridge, Westview Press, Perseus Books Group, New York, 2004.
Oppenheimer, S., “The great arc of dispersal of modern humans: Africa to Australia,” Quaternary International, 202(1-2), 2009.
Orlova, L. A., Kuzmin, Y. V., Stuart, A. J., Tikhonov, A. N., “Chronology and environment of woolly mammoth (Mammuthus primigenius Blumenbach) extinction in northern Asia,” The World of Elephants – International Congress, Rome 2001.
Osipov, E., Khlystov, O., “Glaciers and meltwater flux to Lake Baikal during the Last Glacial Maximum,” Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 294(1-2) 2010.
Palombo, M. R., “Quaternary mammal communities at a glance,” Quaternary International, 212(2), 2010.
Park, S., “L’hominidé du Pléistocène supérieur en Corée, L’anthropologie, 110, 2006.
Pei, S., Gao, X., Feng, X., Chen, F., Dennell, R., “Lithic assemblage from the Jingshuiwan Paleolithic site of the early Late Pleistocene in the Three Gorges, China,” Quaternary International, 211(1-2), January 2010.
Pietrusewsky, M., “A multivariate analysis of measurements recorded in early and more modern crania from East Asia and Southeast Asia,” Quaternary International, 211(1-2), 2010.
Pimenoff, V., Comas, D., Palo, J., Vershubsky, G., Kozlov, A, Sajantila, A., “Northwest Siberian Khanty and Mansi in the junction of West and East Eurasian gene pools as revealed by uniparental markers,” European Journal of Human Genetics, 16, 2008.
Pitulko, V., “The Berelekh Quest: A Review of Forty Years of Research in the Mammoth Graveyard in Northeast Siberia,” Geoarchaeology, 26(1), 2011.
Ponce de León, M., Golovanova, L., Doronichev, V., Romanova, G., Akazaqa, T., Kondo, O., Ishida, H., Zollikofer, C., “Neanderthal brain size at birth provides insights into the evolution of human life history,” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 105(37), Sept 2008.
Potter, B. A., Reuther, J. D., Bowers, P. M., and Relvin-Reymiller, C., “Little Delta Dune Site: A Late-Pleistocene Multicomponent Site in Central Alaska,” Archaeology: North America, CRP 25, 2008.
Powell, E., “Mongolia,” Archaeology, 59(1) Jan/Feb 2006.
Prokopenko, A., Kuzmin, M., Li, H., Woo, K., Catto, N., “Lake Hovsgol basin as a new study site for long continental paleoclimate records in continental interior Asia: General contest and current status,” Quaternary International, 205, 2009.
Quade, J., Forester, R. M., Pratt, W. L., Carter, C., “Black Mats, Spring-Fed Streams, and Late-Glacial-Age Recharge in the Southern Great Basin,” Quaternary Research, 49(2) 1998.
Ransom, J. E., “Derivation of the Word Alaska,” American Anthropologist, 42, 1942.
Razjigaeva, N., Korotky, A., Grebennikova, T., Ganzey, L., Mokhova, L., Bazarova, V. Sulerzhitsky, L., Lutaenko, K., “Holocene climatic changes and environmental history of Iturup Island, Kurile Islands, northwestern Pacific,” The Holocene, 12, 2002.
Reich, D., et al., “Genetic history of an archaic hominin group from Denisova Cave in Siberia,” Nature, 468, 7327, 2010.
Rose, W. I., Chesner, C. A., “Dispersal of ash in the great Toba Eruption, 74 ka,” Geology, 15, 1987.
Rudaya, N., Tarasov, P., Dorofeyuk, N., Solovieva, N., Kalugin, I., Andreev, Daryin, A., Diekmann, B., Riedel, F., Tserendash, N., Wagner, M., “Holocene environments and climate in the Mongolian Altai reconstructed from the Hoton-Nur pollen and diatom records: a step towards better understanding climate dynamics in Central Asia,” Quaternary Science Reviews, 28(5-6) 2009.
Ruvinsky, J., “The Great American Extinction,” Discover, 28(8) 2007.
Saillard, J., Forster, P., Lynnerup, N., Bandelt, H.-J., Nørby, S., “mtDNA Variation among Greenland Eskimos: The Edge of the Beringian Expansion,” The Journal of Human Genetics, 2000 September; 67(3): 718-726.
Saleeby, B. M., “Out of Place Bones: beyond the study of prehistoric subsistence,” Arctic Research of the United States, U. S. National Science Foundation, 2002.
Sattler, H. R., The Earliest Americans, Clarion Books, New York, 1993.
Schepartz, L. A., Miller-Antonio, S., “Taphonomy, Life History, and Human Exploitation of Rhinoceros sinensis at the Middle Pleistocene site of Panxian Dadong, Guizhou, China,” International Journal of Osteoarchaeology, 2008.
Schrenk, F., Muller, S. The Neanderthals, Routledge, 2005.
Seong, C., “Tanged points, microblades and Late Palaeolithic hunting in Korea,” Antiquity, 82, 2008.
Shen, G., Fang, Y., Bischoff, J. L., Feng, Y., and Zhao, J., “Mass spectrometric U-series dating of the Chaoxian hominin site at Yinshan, eastern China,” Quaternary International, 211(1-2), 2010.
Sher, A., Weinstock, J., Baryshnikov, G., Davydov, S., Boeskorov, G., Zazhigin, V., Nikolskiy, P., “The first record of ‘spelaeoid’ bears in Arctic Siberia, Quaternary Science Reviews, 30, 2010.
Shichi, K., Takahara, H., Krivonogov, S., Bezrukova, E., Kashiwaya, K., Takehara, A., Nakamura, T., “Late Pleistocene and Holocene vegetation and climate records from Lake Kotokel, central Baikal region,” Quaternary International, 205, 2009.
Smith, T., Toussaint, M., Reid, D., Olejniczak, A., Hublin, J., “Rapid dental development in a Middle Paleolithic Belgian Neanderthal,” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 104(51), Dec. 2007.
Snodgrass, J., Leonard, W., “Neandertal Energetics Revisited: Insight Into Population Dynamics and Life History Evolution,” PaleoAnthropology, 2009.
Starikovskaya, Y. B., Sukernik, R. I., Schurr, T. G., Kogelnik, A. M., and Wallace, D. C. “mtDNA diversity in Chukchi and Siberian Eskimos: Implications for the Genetic History of Ancient Beringia and the Peopling of the New World,” The American Journal of Human Genetics, 63, 1998.
Stephan, A. E., The First Athabascans of Alaska: Strawberries, Dorrance Publishing Co, Inc., Pittsburg, 1996.
Stone, R., “A Surprising Survival Story in the Siberian Arctic,” Science, 303(5642): 2004.
Stringer, C., Finlayson, J., Barton, R., Fernández-Jalvo, Y., Cáceres, I., Sabin, R., Rhodes, E., Currant, A., Rodriguez-Vidal, J., Giles-Pacheco, F., Riquelme-Cantal, J., “Neanderthal exploitation of marine mammals in Gibraltar,” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 105(38) Sept. 2008.
Stringer, C., Lone Survivors: How We Came To Be the Only Humans on Earth. Times Books, Henry Holt & Co., LLC, New York, 2012.
Strong, S., “The Most Revered of Foxes: Knowledge of Animals and Animal Power in an Ainu Kamui Yukar,” Asian Ethnology, 68(1), 2009.
Sykes, B., The Seven Daughters of Eve, W.W. Norton & Company, New York, 2001.
Szathmary, E. J. E., “mtDNA and the Peopling of the Americas,” The Journal of Human Genetics, 53, 1993.
Tamm, E., Kivisild, T., Reidla, M., Metspalu, M., Smith, D. G., Mulligan, C. J., Bravi, C. M., Rickards, O., Martinez-Labarga, C., Khusnutdinova, E. K., Fedorova, S. A., Torroni, A., Neel, J. V., Barrantes, R., Schurr, T. G., “Mitochondrial DNA ‘clock’ for the Amerinds and its implications for timing their entry into North America,” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA, 91, 1994.
Tarasov, P., Williams, J., Andreev, A., Nakagawa, T., Bezrukova, E., Herzschuh, U., Igarashi, Y., Müller, S., Werner, K., Zheng, Z., “Satellite-and pollen-based quantitative woody cover reconstructions for northern Asia: Verification and application to late-Quaternary pollen data,” Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 264(1-2), 2007.
Tattersall, I., Masters of the Planet, The Search for Our Human Origins, Palgrace Macmillan, 2012
Than, K., “Neanderthals, Humans Interbred—First Solid DNA Evidence: Most of us have some Neanderthal genes, study finds,” May 6, 2010 for National Geographic News, http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2010/05/100506-science-neanderthals-humans-mated-interbred-dna-gene/
Tianyuan, L., Etler, D., “New Middle Pleistocene hominid crania from Yunxian in China,” Nature, 357, June 1992.
Tong, H., Moigne, A.-M., “Quaternary Rhinoceros of China,” in English, Acta Anthropolog
ica Sinica, Supplement to Volume 19, 2000.
Torroni, A., Sukernik, R. I., Schurr, Ti G., Starikovskaya, Y. B., Cabell, M. F., Crawford, M. H., Comuzzie, A. G., Wallace, D. C., “mtDNA Variations of Aboriginal Siberians Reveals distinct Genetic Affinities with Native Americans,” The American Journal of Human Genetics, 53, 1993.
Vasil’ev, S. A., Kuzmin, Y. V., Orlova, L. A., Dementiev, V. N., “Radiocarbon-Based Chronology of the Paleolithic in Siberia and Its Relevance to the Peopling of the New World,” Radiocarbon, 44(2), 2002.
Vialet, A., Guipert, G., Jianing, H., Xiaobo, F., Zune, L., Youping, W., de Lumley, M.-A., de Lumley, H., “Homo erectus from the Yunxian and Nankin Chinese sites: Anthropological insights using 3D virtual imaging techniques,” Comptes Rendus Palevol 9(6-7), 2010.
Volodko, N. V., Starikovskaya, E. B., Mazunin, I. O., Eltsov, N. P., Naidenko, P. V., Wallace, D. C., and Sukernik, R. I., “Mitochondrial Genome Diversity in Arctic Siberians, with Particular Reference to the Evolutionary History of Beringia and Pleistocenic Peopling of the Americas,” American Journal of Human Genetics, 82(5), 2008.
Wagner, D. P., McAvoy, J. M., “Pedoarchaeology of Cactus Hill, a sandy Paleoindian site in southeastern Virginia, U. S. A.” Geoarchaeology, 19(4), 2004.
Waguespack, N. M., Surovell, T. A., “Clovis Hunting Strategies, or How to Make Out on Plentiful Resources,” American Antiquity, 68(2), 2003.
Wang, J., “Late Paleozoic macrofloral assemblages from Weibel coalfield, with reference to vegetational change through the Late Paleozoic Ice-age in the North China Block,” International Journal of Coal Geology, 83(2-3), 2010.
Waters, Michael R. et al., “Redefining the Age of Clovis: Implications for the Peopling of the Americas,” Science, 315, 1122, 2007.
Waters-Rist, A., Bazaliiskii, V. I., Weber, A, Goriunova, O. I., Katzenberg, A., “Activity-induced dental modification in holocene Siberian hunter-fisher-gatherers,” American Journal of Physical Anthropology, 143(2), 2010.
West, F. H., Ed., AMERICAN BEGINNINGS: the Prehistory and Palaeoecology of Beringia, The University of Chicago Press, Chicago, 1996.
Wiedmer, M., Montgomery, D., Gillespie, A., Greenberg, H., “Late Quaternary megafloods from Glaial Lake Atna, Southcentral Alaska, U.S.A., Quaternary Research, 73, 2010.
Woodman, N., Athfield, N., “Post-Clovis survival of American Mastodon in the southern Great Lakes Region of North America,” Quaternary Research, 72(3), 20009.
Wu, X., “Fossil Humankind and Other Anthropoid Primates of China,” International Journal of Primatology, 25(5) 2004.
Wu, X., “On the origins of modern humans in China,” Quaternary International, 117(1), 2004.
Wu, X., Schepartz, L. A., Norton, C. J., “Morphological and morphometric analysis of variation in the Zhoukoudian Homo erectus brain endocasts,” Quaternary International, 211(1-2) 2010.
Wu, Y-S., Chen, Y-S., Xiao, J-Y., “A preliminary study on vegetation and climate changes in Dianchi Lake area in the last 40,000 years,” partial in English, Acta Botanica Sinica, 33(5), 1991.
Wynn, T., Coolidge, F. L., How to Think like a Neanderthal, Oxford University Press, 2012.
Xiao, J., Jin, C., Zhu, Y., “Age of the fossil Dali Man in north-central China deduced from chronostratigraphy of the loess-paleosol sequence,” Quaternary Science Reviews, 21, 2002.
Xiangcan, J., “Lake Dianchi,” Experience and Lessons Learned Brief, final version 2004.
Xu, J-X., Ferguson, D. K., Li, C-S., Wang, Y-F., “Late Miocene vegetation and the climate of the Lühe region in Yunnan, southwestern China,” Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 148(1), 2008.
Yahner, R. H., “Barking in a primitive ungulate, Muntiacus reevesi: function and adaptiveness,” The American Naturalist, 116(2), 1980.
Zang, W., Wang, Y., Zheng, S., Yang, X., Li, Y., Fu, X., Li, N., “Taxonomic investigations on permineralized conifer woods from the Late Paleozoic Angaran deposits of northeastern Inner Mongolia, China, and their palaeoclimatic significance,” Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 144(3-4), May 2007.
Zhang, Y., Stiner, M, Dennell, R., Wang, C., Zhang, Sh, Gao, X., “Zooarchaeological perspectives on the Chinese Early and Late Paleolithic from the Ma’anshan site (Guizhou, South China),” Journal of Archaeological Science, 37(8), 2010.
Zhu, R., An, Z., Potts, R., Hoffman, K., “Magnetostratigraphic dating of early humans in China,” Earth-Science Reviews, 61(3-4) June 2003.
Zorich, Z., “Did Homo erectus Coddle His Grandparents?” Discover, 27(1) Jan. 2006.
No author designated. “Bone fossil points to a mystery human species,” USA Today, Mar 25, 2010. [Three types of humans lived within 60 miles of each other in southern Siberia.]
FROM THE INTERNET:
America’s Stone Age Explorers http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/transcripts/3116_stoneage.html (8/23/2010)
Ancestral Human Skull Found in China (80,000 to 100,000 ya) http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2008/02/080220-china-fossil.html
Ancient bison bones supports theory about Ice Age seafarers being first in Americas http://www.thaindian.com/newsportal/world-news/ancient-bison-bones-supports-theory-abo... (9/5/2010)
Archaeology of the Altai Republic http://eng.altai-republic.ru/modules.php?op=modload&name=Sections&file=index&req=viewarticle&artid=20... (1/30/2011)
Archaic Human Culture http://anthro.palomar.edu/homo2/mod_homo_3.htm (9/9/2010)
Bamboo http://earthnotes.tripod.com/bamboo.htm (9/13/2010)
Berelekh Map http://www.maplandia.com/russia/magadanskaya-oblast/susumanskiy-rayon/berelekh/ (8/31/2010)
China map http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:China_100.78713E_35.63718N.jpg (8/20/2010)
Chukchee Society http://lucy.ukc.ac.uk/ethnoatlas/hmar/cult_dir/culture.7837 (4/5/2011)
Chukchi Directions of time and space http://www.cosmicelk.net/Chukchidirections.htm (4/5/2011)
Chukchi Language http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chukchi_language (4/5/2011)
Cro-Magnon http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cro-Magnon (8/12/2010)
Denisova Cave (Siberia) http://archaeology.about.com/od/dathroughde-terms/qt/denisova_cave.htm (8?31/2010)
Dover Bronze Age Boat http://indigenousboats.blogspot.com/2008/01/dover-bronze-age-boat.html
Drum Talk Is the African’s “Wireless,” A. I. Good, Natural History Magazine, 1942, http://www.naturalhistorymag.com/htmlsite/master.html? http://www.naturalhistorymag.com/htmlsite/editors_pick/1942_09_pick.html
Earliest Humanlike Footprints Found in Kenya http://donsmaps.com/erectus.html (9/11/2010)
Face of a Neanderthal woman http://www.femininebeauty.info/neanderthal-woman (8/23/2010)
First Americans http://www.nmhcpl.org/First_American.html (8/23/2010)
Four-horned Antelope http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Four-horned_Antelope (9/15/2010)
Geography of China http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geography_of_China (9/3/2010)
Historical earthquakes in China http://drgeorgepc.com/EarthquakesChina.html (9/24/2010)
Historical SuperVolcanoes and Archeology Indicate Nuclear Winter Climate Models Exaggerate Effects http://nextbigfuture.com/2010/04/historical-supervolcanoes-and.html (8/20/2010)
Hominid Tools http://www.handprint.com/LS/ANC/stones.html (8/23/2010)
Homo erectus http://humanorigins.si.edu/evidence/human-fossils/species/homo-erectus (8/12/2010)
Homo erectus http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_erectus (8/12/2010)
Homo erectus http://www.archaeologyinfo.com/homoerectus.htm (9/5/2010)
Homo erectus Survival http://www.archaeology.org/9703/newsbriefs/h.erectus.html (9/5/2010)
Homo neanderthalensis http://humanorigins.si.edu/evidence/human-fossils/species/homo-neanderthalensis (8/12/2010)
Humans wore shoes 40,000 years ago, fossil suggests http://www.stonepages.com/news/archives/002825.html (8/27/2010)
Hydropotes inermis (Chinese water deer) http://www.ultimateungulate.com/Artiodactyla/Hydropotes_inermis.html (9/8/2010)
Ice Age Climate Cycles http://earthg
uide.ucsd.edu/virtualmuseum/climatechange2/03_1.shtml (1/29/2011)
Images of Neanderthals http://www.talkorigins.org/faqs/homs/savage.html (8/23/2010)
La Ferrassie Neanderthal Reconstruction http://s1.zetaboards.com/anthroscape/topic/2448167/1/ (8/23/2010)
Late Pleistocene, now-extinct fauna of the southwest http://www.saguaro-juniper.com/i_and_i/history/megafauna.html (8/22/2010)
Meet the Neanderthals http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/1469607.stm (8/23/2010)
Mousterian http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mousterian
Muntjac (barking deer) http://www.itsnature.org/ground/mammals-land/muntjac/ (9/8/2010)
Neanderthal http://www.crystalinks.com/neanderthal.html
Neanderthals more intelligent than thought http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/39324819/ns/technology_and_science-science (9/24/2010)
Neanderthal reconstructions http://www.daynes.com/en/reconstructions/neanderthal-4.php (8/23/2010)
Origins of Paleoindians http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Origins_of_Paleoindians (8/22/2010)
Pedra Furada, Brazil: Paleoindian, Paintings, and Paradoxes, http://www.athenapub.com/10pfurad.htm (2012)
Pompeii-Like Excavations Tell Us More About Toba Super-Eruption http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2010/02/100227170841.htm
Quaternary Period http://www3.hi.is/~oi/quaternary_geology.htm (8/31/2010)
Red hair a part of Neanderthal genetic profile http://seattletimes.nwsource.com/html/nationworld/2003975496_neanderthal26.html (8/26/2010)
Rethinking Neanderthals, Joe Alper, Smithsonian.com, Science and Nature, June 2003 http://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/neanderthals.html?c=y&page=1
Sacred Bones, Fields of Stones, Dr. Francis Allard Earthwatch Journal, October 2002, www.earthwatch.org
Savoonga artist to explore traditional native tattoos, Anchorage Daily News http://www.adn.com/2011/04/02/1788951/savoonga-artist-to-explore-traditional.html (4/5/2011)
Shamanism in Siberia http://www.sacred-texts.com/sha/sis/sis04.htm (4/5/2011)
Shiraoi Ainu Village http://members.virtualtourist.com/m/tt/52254/
Signs of Neanderthals Mating With Humans http://www.nytimes.com/2010/05/07/science/07neanderthal.html?_r=1 (8/26/2010)
Zamimolo’s Story, 50,000 BC: Book Three of Winds of Change, a Prehistoric Fiction Series on the Peopling of the Americas (Winds of Change series 3) Page 31