Howes, Margaret M. “The Elder Ages and the Later Glaciations of the Pleistocene Epoch.” Tolkien Journal, vol. 3, no. 2 (Spring 1968), 3–15.
Juhren, Marcella. “The Ecology of Middle Earth.” Tolkien Journal/Mythlore, vol. II no. 1 (Winter 1970), 4–6.
Kilby, Clyde, and Richard Plotz. “Many Meetings with Tolkien.” Niekas, vol. 19 (1968), 39–40.
Mitchison, Naomi, “One Ring to Bind Them.” New Statesman and Nation, vol. 48 (September 18, 1954), 331.
Niekas, vol. 18 (1968), 39, 40.
Porteus, J. Douglas. “A Preliminary Landscape Analysis of Middle-Earth in Its Third Age.” Landscape, vol. 19, no.
2 (January 1975), 33–38.
Resnick, Henry. “Interview with Tolkien.” Niekas, vol. 18 (Late Spring, 1967), 37–43.
Reynolds, Robert C. “The Geomorphology of Middle-Earth.” Swansea Geographer, vol. 12 (1974), 67–71.
Interviews
Dr. Andrew Bodman, April 10, 1979.
Dr. Neil Harriman, August 3, 1979.
Mrs. Jean Magnuson, October 18, 1979.
Dr. Nils Meland, April 15, 1979.
Miscellaneous Sources
Baynes, Pauline. “A Map of Middle-Earth.” London: George Allen & Unwin, Ltd., 1970.
Canada. “Fortress of Louisbourg.” Montreal: Parks Canada, Indian and Northern Affairs, c. 1976.
Marquette University, Department of Special Collections and University Archives. “John Ronald Reuel Tolkien Manuscript Collection.”
Pioneer Engineering Works. “Facts and Figures.” Minneapolis, Minn. PORTEC, 1955.
St. Clair, Gloria S. “Studies in the Sources of J. R. R. Tolkien’s Lord of the Rings.” Unpublished dissertation. University of Oklahoma, 1970.
Tedhams, Richard Warren. “Tolkien: An Annotated Glossary.” Unpublished Master’s Thesis. University of Oklahoma, 1967.
Tolkien, Christopher. “Map of Beleriand and the Lands to the North.” Boston: Houghton Mifflin Co., 1977.
Index of Place Names
This index includes an alphabetical list of the place names of Arda—Tolkien’s World. Many of the locales have two or more names, some of which do not appear on any map. The most common form has often been listed in parentheses (without reference to chronology or transliteration). Each name important enough to be found on world and/or regional maps is preceded by a coordinate of the approximate location. Places in The Shire are further identified by the appropriate Farthing or March, abbreviated as:
EF—East Farthing
NF—North Farthing
SF—South Farthing
WF—West Farthing
Bk—Buckland
Wm—Westmarch
All names are followed by the page or pages on which the term (or an alternate form) can be found. The page containing the primary locational reference is shown in italic, while that of the site map is underlined.
The History of Middle-earth has added hundreds of names to those in the previously published works. Many of these were quickly abandoned, and some were later applied to different locations. Only those which were shown as predominant forms in The History indexes and others of special interest have been included. These are listed in a separate section to avoid confusion.
Coordinate Name Page(s)
P-32 Adorn (R.) [>]
M-26 Adurant (R.) [>]
K-23 Aelin-uial [>]
I-25 Aeluin, Tarn [>], [>]
M-32 Agathurush (R. Greyflood) [>]
P-33 Aglarond [>], [>], [>], [>]
J-25 Aglon, Pass of [>]
Q-18 Akallabêth (Atalantë) [>]
N-34 Aldalómë (Fangorn) [>], [>], [>]
—Almaren, Isle of [>]
Zg-9 Alqualondë [>], [>], [>]
D-10 Aman (Intro.), [>], [>], [>]
N-34 Ambarona (Fangorn) [>], [>], [>]
Q-38 Amon Amarth (Mount Doom) [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]
Q-36 Amon Awar (Halifirien) [>]
I-23 Amon Darthir [>]
Q-37 Amon Dïn [>]
K-22 Amon Ethir [>], [>], [>]
—Amon Gwareth [>]
—Amon Hen [>]
M-36 Amon Lane (Dol Guldur) [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]
—Amon Lhaw [>]
J-23 Amon Obel [>]
K-23 Amon Rüdh [>], [>]
K-32 Amon Sül (Weathertop) [>], [>], [>]
Zj-8 Amon Uilos (Taniquetil) [>], Z, [>]
J-23 Anach, Pass of [>], [>]
Z-16 Anadünë (Numenor) [>], [>]
Z-5 Ancient West (Aman) [>], [>]
Q-18 Andor (Nümenor) [>], [>]
L-23, 24 Andram [>], [>], [>], [>]
S-30 Andrast [>]
K-31 Andrath [>]
I-22 Androth, Caves of [>]
M-35, Anduin, Great River [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]
P-16 Andúnië [>]
Q-16 Andustar [>]
R-32 Anfalas [>]
H-25 Anfauglith [>], [>], [>]
G-25 Angamando (Angband) [>], [>], [>]
G-25 Angband [>], [>], [>]
—Anghabar [>]
L-33 Angle, The [>]
I-33 Angmar’s Realm [>], [>]
P-32 Angren (R. Isen) [>]
O-33 Angrenost (Isengard) [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]
I-22 Annon-In-Gelydh [>], [>]
J-30 Annúminas [>], [>]
Q-36 Anórien [>], [>]
M-9 Araman [>], [>]
Q-18 Arandor (Kingsland) [>]
—Archet [>]
H-25 Ard-galen [>] [>]
P-36 Argonath [>], [>]
Q-18 Armenelos [>], [>]
R-37 Arnach (Lossarnach) [>]
L-30 Arnor [>]
K-24 Aros (R.) [>]
J-25 Arossiach [>], [>]
—Arthedain [>]
K-25 Arthórien [>]
M-22 Arvernien [>]
K-26 Ascar (R.) [>]
P-40 Ash Mountains [>], [>], [>], [>]
Q-18 Atalantë [>]
Q-33 Athraid Angren (Ford of Isen) [>], [>]
Ze-6 Aulë’s ‘Great Court’ [>]
R-10 Avallóne [>]
Zb-9 Avathar [>], [>]
—Azanulbizar (Dimrill Dale) [>]
—Back-door [>], [>]
K-30 Bag End, WF [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]
—Bagshot Row [>]
N-22 Balar [>]
—Bamfurlong (Maggot’s Farm) [>]
M-34 Bandushathûr (Cloudyhead) [>]
K-23 Bar-en-Danwedh, Bar-en-Nibin-noeg [>]
K-23 Bar-erib [>]
Q- [>] Barad-dûr [>], [>], [>], [>]
I-23 Barad Eithel [>]
L-21 Barad Nimras [>]
K-30 Baranduin (Brandywine R.) [>], [>], [>]
M-34 Baraz, Barazinbar (Redhorn) [>], [>], [>]
K-31 Barrow-downs [>], [>]
—Barrowfield [>]
—Battle Pit [>]
P-38 Battle Plain [>]
M-22 Bay of Balar [>], [>]
T-30 Bay of Bel, Bay of Belfalas [>], [>], [>]
P-15 Bay of Andunië [>]
Zi-9 Bay of Eldamar [>], [>]
R-15 Bay of Eldana [>]
Q-20 Bay of Rómenna [>]
Z-17 Belegaer (Intro), [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]
M-27 Belegost [>]
L-22, 25 Beleriand [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]
S-34 Belfalas [>]
O-10 Bent Seas [>]
K-35 Beorn’s House [>], [>], [>], [>]
K-30 Bindbale Wood, NF [>]
M-22 Birchwoods of Nimbrethil [>]
—Black Crack [>]
P-38 Black Gate (Morannon) [>], [>], [>]
R-39 Black Land (Mordor) [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]
M-34 Black Pit (Moria) [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]
Q-34 Blackroot (Morthond R.) [>]
M-7 Blessed Realm (Valinor) [>], [>], [>], [>]
J-27, N-28 Blue Mountains [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]
—Bombadil’s House [>], [>]
—Bonfire Glade [>]
K-30 Bounds, The [>], [>]
K-30 Branda-nîn (R. Brandywine) [>], [>], [>]
K-30 Brandywine Bridge (Bridge of Stonebows, EF) [>]
K-31 Bree [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]
—Bree Hill [>]
K-31 Bree-land [>], [>]
K-30 Breredon, Bk [>]
J-23 Brethil [>], [>], [>]
—Bridge of Esgalduin [>]
K-33 Bridge of Mitheithel (Last Bridge) [>], [>], [>], [>]
K-30 Bridge of Stonebows, EF [>]
K-30 Bridgefields, EF [>]
M-26 Brilthor (R.) [>]
J-23 Brithiach [>], [>]
K-21 Brithombar [>], [>]
K-21 Brithon (R.) [>]
K-30 Brockenborings, EF [>]
N-36 Brown Lands [>], [>]
L-33 Bruinen (R. Loudwater) [>], [>], [>], [>]
—Buck Hill [>]
K-30 Buckland [>], [>], [>], [>]
K-30 Buckland Gate, Bk [>]
—Buckland Road [>]
K-30 Bucklebury, Bk [>], [>]
—Bucklebury Ferry [>]
K-30 Budge Ford, EF [>]
K-30 Budgeford (Village by Budge Ford, EF) [>]
M-34 Bundushathûr (Cloudyhead) [>], [>]
K-30 Bywater, WF [>], [>]
K-30 Bywater Pool, WF [>], [>]
—Bywater Road [>], [>]
—Cabed-en-Aras, Cabed Naeramarth [>]
Q-37 Cair Andros [>], [>], [>], [>]
Zh-8 Calacirya, The [>]
Zh-8 Calacirian [>]
Q-35 Calembel [>]
P-34 Calenardhon (Rohan) [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]
Q-36 Calenhad [>]
Q-19 Calmindon [>]
M-22 Cape Balar [>]
S-30 Cape of Andrast [>]
H-28 Cape of Forochel [>], [>]
Q-38 Carach Angren (Isenmouthe) [>]
M-34 Caradhras (Redhorn) [>], [>], [>]
—Caragdûr [>]
M-35 Caras Galadhon, Caras Galadon [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]
—Carchost [>]
—Cardolan [>]
H-32 Cam Dûm [>], [>], [>]
J-40 Carnen (R. Redwater) [>]
K-35 Carrock, The [>], [>], [>], [>]
—Causeway Forts [>]
P-33 Caverns of Helm’s Deep (Aglarond) [>], [>], [>],
K-22 Caverns of Narog (Nargothrond) [>], [>], [>], [>]
I-22 Caves of Androth [>]
K-24 Caves of Menegroth (Menegroth) [>], [>], [>], [>]
K-39 Celduin (R. Running) [>]
M-34 Celebdil (Silvertine) [>], [>]
M-34 Celebrant (R. Silverlode) [>], [>], [>]
J-23 Celebros (R.) [>]
J-25 Celon (R.) [>], [>]
R-36 Celos (R.) [>]
J-23 Central Highlands [>]
M-35 Cerin Amroth [>], [>]
—Chamber of Mazarbul (Chamber of Records) [>]
—Chambers of Fire (Sammath Naur) [>]
K-31 Chetwood [>], [>]
Q-35 Ciril (R.) [>]
J-35 Cirith Forn en Andrath (High Pass) [>], [>]
P-38 Cirith Gorgor [>], [>]
I-21 Cirith Ninniach (Rainbow Cleft) [>], [>], [>], [>]
—Cirith Thoronath [>]
Q-38 Cirith Dúath [>], [>]
Q-38 Cirith Ungol [>], [>]
Q-38 Cirith Ungol, Tower of [>], [>]
R-37 Citadel of the Stars (Osgiliath) [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]
W-35 City of the Corsairs [>], [>]
M-34 Cloudyhead [>], [>]
J-34 Coldfells [>]
—Combe [>]
Q-37 Cormallen, Field of [>], [>], [>]
—Corollairë (Ezellohar) [>]
—Court of the Fountain [>]
—Crack of Doom [>]
—Crickhollow [>]
J-23 Crissaegrim [>], [>], [>]
—Cristhorn [>]
J-23 Crossings of Teiglin [>], [>]
Q-37 Cross-roads (Cross Roads of the Fallen King) [>], [>], [>]
Q-46 Cuiviénen [>], [>]
—Cûm-nan-Arasaith [>]
P-38 Dagorlad [>], [>], [>], [>]
J-37 Dale [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]
—Dark Door [>]
—Dark Gate [>]
Zi-55 Dark Lands (Middle-earth) [>], [>]
K-37 Dark Mountains (Mountains of Mirkwood) [>]
P-37 Dead Marshes [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]
J-31 Deadmen’s Dike (Fornost) [>]
—Death Down [>]
Z-9 Deathless Lands (Aman, Eressëa) [>], [>], [>]
—Deep, Deeping, The (Helm’s Deep) [>]
K-30 Deephallow, EF [>]
—Deeping Coomb, Deeping-coomb [>]
—Deeping Stream, Deeping-stream [>]
—Deeping Wall, Deeping-wall [>]
—Deer’s Leap (Cabed-en-Aras) [>]
I-24 Deldúwath (Taur-nu-Fuin) [>], [>]
O-34 Derndingle [>], [>], [>]
J-38 Desolation of Smaug [>]
—Desolation of the Morannon [>]
J-23 Dimbar [>], [>]
—Dimholt [>]
—Dimrill Dale [>]
—Dimrill Gate [>]
—Dimrill Stair [>]
J-23 Dimrost [>], [>]
K-30 Dingle (Withywindle Valley) [>], [>]
R-34 Dol Amroth [>], [>]
O-33 Dol Baran [>], [>]
M-36 Dol Guldur [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]
—Dome of Stars (Tower of the Stone) [>]
—Doors of Night (Intro.), [>]
—Doors of Durin (Hollin Gate) [>], [>]
K-27 Dor Caranthir (Thargelion) [>], [>]
K-23 Dor Cúarthol [>]
F-26 Dor Daidelos [>], [>]
H-25 Dor Daedeloth [>], [>]
J-24 Dor Dínen [>], [>]
S-35 Dor-En-Ernil [>]
N-27 Dor Firn-I-Guinar [>]
I-22 Dor-lómin [>], [>], [>]
H-25 Dor-Nu-Fauglith (Anfauglith) [>], [>], [>]
K-24 Doriath [>], [>]
I-24 Dorthonion [>], [>]
L-41 Dorwinion [>], [>]
K-31 Downlands (Barrow-downs) [>], [>], [>]
O-35 Downs, The [>], [>], [>]
I-21 Drengist, Firth of [>], [>]
Q-37 Druadan Forest [>], [>], [>]
P-31 Drúwaith Iaur [>], [>]
J-23 Dry River [>], [>]
M-26 Duilwen (R.) [>]
J-24 Dungortheb (Nan Dungortheb) [>], [>], [>], [>]
P-35 Dunharrow, Dúnharg [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]
N-32 Dunland [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]
—Durin’s Bridge [>]
—Durin’s Stone [>]
—Durin’s Tower [>]
Q-37 Durthang [>]
K-30 Dwaling, EF [>]
K-27 Dwarf-Road [>]
M-34 Dwarrowdelf (Khazad-dûm, Moria) [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]
P-34 Dwimorberg [>], [>]
M-35 Dwimordene (Lórien) [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]
J-35 Eagles’ Eyrie [>], [>], [>], [>]
K-25 East Beleriand [>]
L-37 East Bight [>]
P-35 East Emnet [>], [>], [>]
K-30 East Farthing [>], [>]
—East-gate (Great Gates) [>], [>]
—East-lands [>]
M-36 East Lórien [>]
K-30 East March, The (Buckland) [>], [>]
P-36 East Wall of Rohan [>], [>], [>]
Q-35 Eastfold [>]
N-34 Eastwood (Fangorn) [>], [>], [>]
K-23 Echad [>] Sedryn (Bar-en-Dunwedh) [>]
H-20 Echoing Hills, Echoing Mountains (Ered Lómin) [>], [>]
I-23 Echoriath [>], [>]
J-34 Edge of the Wild [>]
R-34 Edhellond [>], [>], [>]
P-34 Edoras [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]
—Egladil [>]
K-24 Eglador (Doriath) [>], [>]
K-21 Eglarest [>], [>]
Q-37 Eilenach [>]
Q-36 Eilenaer (Halifirien)
[>]
J-22 Eithel Ivrin [>], [>], [>]
I-23 Eithel Sirion [>]
C-18 Ekkaia (Intro.), [>], [>], [>]
R-16 Eldalondë the Green [>]
Zi-9 Eldamar (Calacirian, Eressëa) [>]
Q-18 Elenna, Elannanórë (Númenor) [>], [>]
Zj-8 Elerrina (Taniquetil) [>], [>]
K-29 Elostirion [>], [>]
—Elros’ Tower [>]
Zi-9 Elvenhome (Calacirian, Eressëa) [>]
I-14 Elwing’s Tower [>]
R-17 Emerië [>]
R-37 Emyn Arnen [>], [>]
K-28 Emyn Beraid (Tower Hills) [>], [>], [>]
K-37 Emyn Duir (Mountains of Mirkwood) [>]
P-36 Emyn Muil [>], [>], [>], [>]
K-37 Emyn-nu-Fuin (Mountains of Mirkwood) [>]
J-30 Emyn Uial (Hills of Evendim) [>], [>]
Z/Zq-10 Enchanted Isles [>] [>]
J-37 Enchanted R. [>], [>]
I-23 Encircling Mountains (Echoriath) [>]
C-18 Encircling Sea (Ekkaia) (Intro.), [>], [>], [>]
—Endless Stair [>]
D-34 Endor (Middle-earth) (Intro.), [>], [>]
O-31 Enedwaith [>], [>]
P-35 Entwade [>], [>], [>]
O-35 Entwash (R.) [>], [>], [>]
N-34 Entwood (Fangorn) [>], [>]
—Éothéod, The [>]
J-23 Ephel Brandir [>], [>], [>]
R-38 Ephel Dúath [>], [>], [>], [>]
J-37 Erebor (Lonely Mountain) [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]
Q-35 Erech [>], [>], [>], [>]
G-24 Ered Engrin (Iron Mountains) [>], [>], [>], [>]
J-24 Ered Gorgoroth [>]
I-27, N-28 Ered Lindon (Ered Luin) [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]
P-40 Ered Lithui [>], [>], [>], [>]
H-20 Ered Lómin [>], [>]
I-27, N-28 Ered Luin [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]
I-35 Ered Mithrin [>], [>], [>]
Q-34 Ered Nimrais [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]
J-22 Ered Wethrin [>]
M-33 Eregion [>], [>], [>], [>]
Q-36 Erelas [>]
R-17 Erendis, House of [>]
Zi-9 Eressëa [>], [>], [>]
I-30 Eriador [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]
R-37 Erui (R.) [>], [>], [>]
L-36 Eryn Galen (Greenwood the Great) [>], [>], [>], [>]
N-29 Eryn Vron [>]
K-24 Esgalduin (R.) [>], [>]
J-37 Esgaroth (Lake-town) [>], [>], [>]
K-25 Estolad [>], [>]
S-35 Ethir Anduin [>]
O-33 Ethraid Engrin (Fords of Isen) [>], [>]
Q-35 Ethring [>]
J-33 Ettendales, Ettenmoors [>], [>]
Q/Zz-1/5 Evereve, Evereven (Valinor) [>], [>], [>], [>]
Q-36 Everholt (Firien Wood) [>]
Z/Zq-12 Evernight (Shadowy Seas) [>], [>]
The Atlas of Middle-earth Page 25