by Steven Sora
23. Ibid., p. 73.
24. Ibid., pp. 145–65.
25. Sinclair, op. cit., pp. 45–50.
26. Morrison, op. cit., p. 37.
27. Douglas, op. cit., pp. 35–36.
28. Morrison, op. cit., p. 37.
29. Sinclair, op. cit., pp. 77– 86.
Chapter 6
1. Michael Baigent and Richard Leigh, The Temple and the Lodge (New York: Arcade Publishing, 1989), pp. 195–96.
2. Ibid., pp. 34–37.
3. John J. Robinson, Born in Blood: The Lost Secrets of Freemasonry (New York: M. Evans and Co., 1989), pp. 153–55.
4. Ibid., pp. 141–43.
5. Ibid., pp. 63-78.
6. Peter Partner, The Murdered Magicians (New York: Barnes and Noble Books, 1987), pp. 3, 4, 8–10.
7. Michael Baigent, Richard Leigh, and Henry Lincoln, Holy Blood, Holy Grail (New York: Dell Publishing, 1982), p. 418.
8. Robinson, Born in Blood, p. 66.
9. Ibid., pp. 67–68.
10. Ibid., pp. 62–65.
11. Ibid.
12. Robert Payne, The Dream and the Tomb (New York: Stein and Day, 1984), pp. 125–26.
13. Malcolm Barber, The New Knighthood (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1994), pp. 64–114. Barber describes incidents of almost suicidal bravery, including the Battle of Hattim, where only five knights survived, and the Battle of Ascalon, where forty knights attacked a city.
14. Norman Cohn, Europe’s Inner Demons (New York: Basic Books, 1975), p. 22, 55–58.
15. Zoe Oldenbourg, Massacre at Montsegur (London: Weidenfeld and Nicholson, 1961), p. 361.
16. James Henderson, “In the Steps of Unrepentant Heretics,” Financial Times, March 18/19, 1995.
17. Robinson, Born in Blood, pp. 123–26.
18. Ibid.
19. Ibid., pp. 150–51.
20. Baigent and Leigh, op. cit., pp. 1–13.
21. Richenda Miers, Scotland (Chester, Conn., Globe Pequot Press, 1989), p. 473.
22. Partner, op. cit., p. 138.
23. Baigent, Leigh, and Lincoln, Holy Blood, Holy Grail, pp. 82–83.
24. Lionel and Patricia Fanthorpe, Secrets of Rennes-Le-Chateau (York Beach, Maine: Samuel Weiser, 1992), p. 91.
25. Geoffrey of Monmouth, The History of the Kings of Britain (New York: Penguin, 1969), p. 222.
26. Robert Bain, Clans and Tartans of Scotland (London and Glasgow: Collins, 1938), pp. 112, 280.
27. Ian Grimble, Scottish Clans and Tartans (New York: Tudor, 1973), pp. 101–2.
28. Lloyd and Jenny Laing, The Picts and the Scots (Dover, N.H.: Alan Sutton, 1993), p. 5.
29. Norma Lorre Goodrich, Guinevere (New York: HarperCollins, 1991) pp. 5, 50–58.
30. Scott, op. cit., pp. 81–85.
31. Ibid., pp. 85–89.
32. Baigent, and Leigh, op. cit., pp. 63–76.
33. Ibid., p. 117.
34. Ibid., pp. 101–2.
35. Miers, op. cit., pp. 148–49.
Chapter 7
1. Frances Gies, The Knight in History (New York: Harper and Row, 1984), pp. 108–19.
2. Claude Marks, Pilgrims, Heretics and Lovers (New York: Macmillan, 1975), p. 286.
3. Baigent, Leigh, and Lincoln, Holy Blood, Holy Grail, p. 386.
4. Ibid., p. 344.
5. Morrison, op. cit., pp. 20–21.
6. Sinclair, op. cit., p. 167.
7. Ibid., pp. 179–80.
8. Fitzroy Maclean, Scotland (London: Thames and Hudson, 1970), p. 78.
9. Baigent, Leigh, and Lincoln, Holy Blood, Holy Grail, pp. 111–30.
10. John J. Robinson, Dungeon, Fire and Sword (New York: M. Evans Co., 1991), pp. 36–39.
11. Michael Grant, Jesus: The History of Ancient Israel (New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1984), p. 19.
12. Jerry M. Landay, The House of David (New York: E. P. Dutton, 1973), pp. 219–35.
13. Samuel Sandmel, Herod: Profile of a Tyrant (Philadelphia: J. B. Lippincott, 1967), pp. 210–11.
14. Michael Grant, An Historian’s Review of the Bible (New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1977), pp. 153–68.
15. Graham Hancock, The Sign and the Seal (New York: Crown, 1992), pp. 360–64.
16. Ibid., pp. 409–11.
17. Ibid., pp. 64–66.
18. Baigent, Leigh, and Lincoln, Holy Blood, Holy Grail, pp. 306–9.
19. Malachi Martin, The Keys of This Blood (New York: Simon and Schuster, 1990), p. 519.
20. Baigent, Leigh, and Lincoln, Holy Blood, Holy Grail, pp. 316–22.
21. Grant, Jesus: An Historian’s Review of the Bible, pp. 68–77.
22. John J. Robinson, Born in Blood, pp. 214–15.
23. Hugh J. Schonfield, The Passover Plot (Netherlands: Bernard Geis, 1965), pp. 37-38.
24. Grant, Jesus: An Historian’s Review of the Bible, pp. 45–61.
25. Gospel of Mark 3:34–35 (also Mark 6).
26. Grant, Jesus: An Historian’s Review of the Bible, pp. 68–77.
27. Ibid., pp. 7–29.
28. Hugh J. Schonfield, The Original New Testament (Rockport, Mass.: Element, 1985), p. 11.
29. Eusebius, The History of the Church (New York: Penguin Books, 1989) p. 59.
30. Ibid., p. 38.
31. Schonfield, The Passover Plot, p. 52.
32. Eusebius, op. cit., pp. 79–82.
33. Baigent, Leigh, and Lincoln, Holy Blood, Holy Grail, pp. 333–38.
34. Ibid., p. 338.
35. Ibid., pp. 366–67.
36. Barbara W. Tuchman, Bible and Sword (New York: New York University Press, 1956), pp. 13–21.
37. Ibid., p. 14.
38. Eusebius, op. cit., pp. 65–104.
39. Baigent, Leigh, and Lincoln, Holy Blood, Holy Grail, pp. 398–413.
40. Lynn Pickett and Clive Prince, Turin Shroud (New York: HarperCollins, 1994), p. 71.
Chapter 8
1. Baigent, Leigh, and Lincoln, Holy Blood, Holy Grail, pp. 99–103.
2. Hugh J. Schonfield, The Passover Plot, p. 100.
3. Ibid., pp. 129–42.
4. Tuchman, Bible and Sword, pp. 13–21.
5. Paul MacKendrick, Roman France (New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1972), pp. 18–21.
6. Ibid., p. 73.
7. Tuchman, Bible and Sword pp. 7–12.
8. Rosemarie Arnold, Baedecker’s France (Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall, 1992), pp. 52–53.
9. MacKendrick, Roman France, p. 12.
10. Eusebius, op. cit., p. 139.
11. Werner Keller, Diaspora: The Post-Biblical History of the Jews (New York: Harcourt Brace and World, 1969), pp. 66–87.
12. Ibid.
13. Susan Haskins, Mary Magdalen: Myth and Metaphor (New York: Riverhead Books, 1993), p. 218.
14. Ibid., pp. 119, 124–25.
15. Ibid., pp. 115–19.
16. Ibid., p. 418. Also see Aedeen Cremin, The Celts in Europe (Sydney: University of Sydney, 1993), for discussion of the Delphi treasure.
17. Claude Marks, Pilgrims, Heretics and Lovers, (New York: Macmillan, 1975), p. 309.
18. Dana Facaros and Michael Pauls, Southwest France: Dordogne, Lot and Bordeaux (London: Cadogan Books, 1994), p. 175.
19. Ibid., pp. 36–40.
20. Ian Wood, The Merovingian Kingdoms 450–751, (London: Longman, 1994), pp. 6–14.
21. Baigent, Leigh, and Lincoln, Holy Blood, Holy Grail, pp. 250–51.
22. Wood, The Merovingian Kingdoms 450–751, pp. 6–7.
23. Haskins, op. cit., p. 88. Origen, of course, was later regarded as heretical, although this did not stop Eusebius from defending him (Book VI).
24. Baigent, Leigh, and Lincoln, Holy Blood, Holy Grail, pp. 389–97.
25. Ibid.
26. John J. Robinson, Dungeon, Fire and Sword (New York: M. Evans and Company, 1991), pp. 223–24.
27. Ibid., p. 224.
28. Marks, op. cit., pp. 282–95.
29. Zoe Oldenbourg, Massacre at Montsegur (translated by Peter Green) (London:
Weidenfeld and Nicholson, 1961), p. 345.
30. Revelations 22:16.
Chapter 9
1. Jean Blum, Rennes-le-Chateau, Wisigoths, Cathares, Templiers: Le Secret des Heretiques (Monaco: Editions du Rocher, 1994), pp. 13-18.
2. Ibid., pp. 53–55. Also see Lionel and Patricia Fanthorpe, Secrets of Rennes-le-Chateau (York Beach, Maine: Samuel Weiser, 1992), for a review of the murder of the notary and several other local murders.
3. Wilson, Encyclopedia of Unsolved Mysteries, pp. 197–209.
4. Ibid.
5. Blum, op. cit., p. 44.
6. Baigent, Leigh, and Lincoln, Holy Blood, Holy Grail, pp. 31–47.
7. Fanthorpe and Fanthorpe, op. cit., pp. 139–42.
8. Ibid.
9. Wood, The Merovingian Kingdoms 450–751, pp. 221–22.
10. Ibid., p. 223.
11. Matthew 1:1–18.
12. Eusebius, op. cit., pp. 22–23.
13. Ibid., pp. 79–80.
14. Wood,The Merovingian Kingdoms 450–751, p. 37.
15. Ibid., pp. 41–50.
16. Gregory of Tours, The History of the Franks (London: Penguin Books, 1974), p. 151.
17. Ibid., pp. 123–24.
18. Ibid., pp. 231–34.
19. Baigent, Leigh, and Lincoln, Holy Blood, Holy Grail, pp. 261–65.
Chapter 10
1. Norma Lorre Goodrich, Ancient Myths, (New York: Penguin, 1994), pp. 75–90.
2. Michael Grant, The History of Ancient Israel, pp. 16–21.
3. Ibid., pp. 77–83.
4. Jerry M. Landay, The House of David (New York: E. P. Dutton, 1973), pp. 108–10.
5. Zecharia Sitchin, When Time Began (New York: Avon Books, 1993), pp. 86–88.
6. Grant, The History of Ancient Israel, pp. 77–83.
7. James Bailey, The God-Kings and the Titans (New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1973), pp. 130–31.
8. Landay, op. cit., pp. 203–17.
9. Robinson, Born in Blood, pp. 111, 217–18.
10. For a discussion of the orientation of ancient structures and just how recently modern science has begun to accept “archaeo-astronomy,” see E. C. Krupp, ed., In Search of Ancient Astronomies, (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1994), pp. ix–xv.
11. Robinson, Born in Blood, pp. 274–76.
12. Hancock, op. cit., pp. 44–55.
13. Robert Graves, The White Goddess (New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 1948), p. 406.
14. Hancock, op. cit., pp. 366–70.
15. Grant, The History of Ancient Israel, pp. 89–90.
16. Robinson, Born in Blood, pp. 178, 213.
17. Bailey, op. cit., pp. 94–95.
18. Norma Lorre Goodrich, The Holy Grail (New York: HarperCollins, 1992), pp. 74–80.
19. Roger Sherman Loomis, The Grail: From Celtic Myth to Christian Symbol (Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1991), pp. 24, 28–29.
20. Julius Caesar, The Conquest of Gaul, trans. S. A. Handford (London: Penguin, 1988), pp. 58–61.
21. Arnold, op. cit., pp. 154–55.
22. Keller, op. cit. The story of attitudes and treatment toward the Jews in medieval France begins on p. 112.
23. Baigent, Leigh, and Lincoln, Holy Blood, Holy Grail, pp. 392–93.
24. Ibid., pp. 254–58.
25. Ibid., pp. 389–97.
26. Pierre Riche, Daily Life in the World of Charlemagne, trans. Jo Ann McNamara (Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1978), pp. 126–30.
27. Steven Runciman, A History of the Crusades, vol. 1 (New York: Cambridge University Press, 1990), pp. 10–11. On May 5 of the year A.D. 614, the Persians entered Jerusalem with the aid of the Jews. Christians were massacred, more by Jews than by Persian soldiers, which was neither forgiven nor forgotten.
28. Robinson, Born in Blood, p. 66.
29. Baigent, Leigh, and Lincoln, Holy Blood, Holy Grail, pp. 111–18.
30. Runciman, op. cit., pp. 292–93.
31. Baigent, Leigh, and Lincoln, Holy Blood, Holy Grail, p. 119.
32. Ibid., p. 131.
33. Marks, op. cit., pp. 235–49.
34. Robinson, Born in Blood, pp. 224–34.
35. Loomis, op. cit., pp. 163–69.
36. Robinson, Born in Blood, pp. 224–30.
37. Baigent and Leigh, op. cit., p. 151.
38. Richenda Miers, op. cit., pp. 148–49.
39. Robinson, Born in Blood, p. 217.
40. Baigent and Leigh, op. cit., p. 111.
41. Sinclair, op. cit., pp. 180–91.
Chapter 11
1. Gordon Donaldson, ed., Scottish Historic Documents (Glasgow: Neil Wilson, 1974), pp. 55–58.
2. Pohl, Prince Henry Sinclair, pp. 170–71.
3. Maclean, op. cit., pp. 49–50.
4. Ibid., pp. 52–53.
5. Rosalind Mitchison, A History of Scotland (London: Methuen and Co., 1970), pp. 59–62.
6. Ibid., p. 68.
7. Sinclair, op. cit., pp. 187–89.
8. Ibid., pp. 5–6.
9. Baigent and Leigh, op. cit., pp. 114–15.
10. Ibid., pp. 92, 94, and 104–5.
11. Ibid., pp. 118–122.
12. Maclean, op. cit., pp. 56–57.
13. Ibid., p. 60.
14. Mitchison, op. cit., pp. 60–61.
15. Morrison, op. cit., p. 65.
16. Baigent and Leigh, op. cit., pp. 116–17.
17. Maclean, op. cit., pp. 74–75.
18. Sinclair, op. cit., p. 179.
19. Ibid., pp. 179–82.
20. Baigent and Leigh, op. cit., p. 114.
21. Ibid.
22. Sinclair, op. cit., p. 182.
23. Baigent and Leigh, op. cit., p. 109.
24. Ibid.
25. Sinclair, op. cit., p. 185.
26. Baigent, Leigh, and Lincoln, Holy Blood, Holy Grail, p. 415. This is the primary source for the list of ruling families in the Prieuré de Sion.
27. Barbara W. Tuchman, A Distant Mirror (New York: Ballantine Books, 1978), pp. 343–64.
28. Henry Lincoln, The Holy Place (London: Corgi Books, 1991), pp. 75–76.
29. Patrice Boussel, Da Vinci (New York: Konecky and Konecky, 1989), pp. 5–18.
30. Ibid.
31. Ibid., p. 119.
32. Picknett and Prince, op. cit., pp. 148, 149, 151.
33. Boussel, op. cit., p. 119.
34. John Noble Wilford, The Mysterious History of Columbus (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1991), p. 214.
35. Baigent, Leigh, and Lincoln, Holy Blood, Holy Grail, p. 421.
36. Ibid., p. 424.
37. Maclean, op. cit., pp. 79–81.
38. Baigent, Leigh, and Lincoln, Holy Blood, Holy Grail, p. 144.
39. O’Connor, The Big Dig, pp. 105–11.
Chapter 12
1. Clement A. Miles, Christmas Customs and Traditions: Their History and Significance (New York: Dover, 1976), pp. 328–30.
2. Sir James Fraser, The Golden Bough (New York: Macmillan, 1922), pp. 308–30.
3. Jean Markale, King of the Celts (Rochester, Vt.: Inner Traditions, 1994), pp. 117–21.
4. Ibid., pp. 117–20.
5. Norma Lorre Goodrich, King Arthur (New York: Harper and Row, 1986), pp. 13–25.
6. Roger Sherman Loomis, The Grail from Celtic Myth to Christian Symbol (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1991), pp. 1–19.
7. Norma Lorre Goodrich, The Holy Grail, pp. 1–10.
8. Margaret Drabble, ed., The Oxford Companion to English Literature (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1985) pp. 118–19.
9. Krupp, op. cit., pp. 179–89.
10. Gale R. Owen, Rites and Religions of the Anglo-Saxons (London: Dorset Press, 1985), p. 140.
11. Miles, op. cit., pp. 15–28.
12. Fraser, op. cit., pp. 308–19.
13. Graves, The White Goddess, p. 176.
14. Fraser, op. cit., p.153. Also see Barbara Walker’s Woman’s Encyclopedia of Myths and Secrets (San Francisco: Harper and Ro
w, 1983), pp. 48–50, 503.
15. Graves, The White Goddess, pp. 218–19.
16. Ibid., pp. 177–78.
17. Ibid., pp. 128, 132, 176.
18. A. MacCullough, The Religion of the Ancient Celts (London: Studio Editions, 1911), pp. 198–99.
19. Arnold, op. cit., pp. 96–97.
20. Graves, The White Goddess, pp. 61–73.
21. Walker, op. cit., p. 218.
22. Ibid., p. 491.
23. Ibid., pp. 168–69.
24. Ibid., pp. 58–60.
25. Ibid., pp. 514–15.
26. Graves, The White Goddess, pp. 179–180.
27. Thomas W. Lippman, Understanding Islam (New York: Penguin, 1990) pp. 7–9.
28. Norma Lorre Goodrich, Merlin (New York: Harper and Row, 1988) pp. 41–44.
29. Walker, op. cit., pp. 212–13.
30. Joseph and Frances Gies, Life in a Medieval City (New York: Thomas Y. Crowell, 1969), pp. 93-95.
31. Max I. Dimont, Jews, God and History (New York: Simon and Schuster, 1962), pp. 152–53.
32. Geoffrey of Monmouth, op. cit., p. 51.
33. The Oxford Companion to English Literature, pp. 408–9.
34. Goodrich, King Arthur, pp. 117–19.
35. Ibid., pp. 113–50.
36. Ibid., pp. 202–3.
37. Robinson, Born in Blood, p. 217.
38. Ibid., p. 229.
39. Goodrich, The Holy Grail, p. 264. Goodrich further informs us that the Grail might have been moved to Scotland: p. 309.
40. Baigent, Leigh, and Lincoln, Holy Blood, Holy Grail, pp. 255–61.
41. Goodrich, Holy Grail, p. 218.
Chapter 13
1. Martin Short, Inside the Brotherhood (New York: Dorset Press, 1989), pp. 33–40.
2. Stephen Knight, The Brotherhood (New York: Dorset Press, 1984), pp. 16–25.
3. Robinson, Born in Blood, p. 214.
4. Fred Marks, ed., Marquis Who’s Who (New Providence, N.J.: Reed Elsevier, 1997).
5. David Wood, Genesis: The First Book of Revelations (Kent, England: Baton Press, 1985), p. 218.
6. L. Resnikoff and R. O. Wells Jr., Mathematics in Civilization (New York: Dover, 1973), p. 25.
7. Hildegard Wienke-Lotz, “The Origin of Time Measurements,” in Donald L. Cyr, ed., Full Measure (Santa Barbara: Stonehenge Viewpoint, 1990), pp. 34–46.