Buss, David, 134
Calaveras Man, 83, 85
Cambrian “explosion of life,” 143–44
Candide (Voltaire), 61–62
capitalism, 136–37
Carroll, Sean, 78
Carter, Jimmy, 127–28
Case for Creation, A (Davis), 102
cause-and-effect relationships, 60
Cavalli-Sforza, Luigi Luca, 15
Chaney, Lee Anne, 111
Chapman, Bruce, 113–14
Christians, American:
acceptance of evolution, 127–28
evangelical, see evangelical Christians
reasons to accept evolution, 129–36
Clark, Russell, 134
Clarke, Arthur C., 40
coccyx, 18
Coleridge, Samuel Taylor, 159
comparative method, 15
competition, 131
complex adaptive systems, 64
complex design:
complex specified design argument, 82–83
explanations of complex life, 145–46
Explanatory Filter argument, 62–65
Irreducible Complexity argument, 66–71
complex specified information (CSI), 71–72
Computer Assisted Design (CAD), 77
conclusions, scientific, 97
conflicting-worlds model of relationship between religion and science, 119–20
Conservation of Information argument, 71–75
conservatives, reasons to accept evolution for, 136–38
convergence of evidence, 12–15, 51, 87
dogs, ancestry of, 14
cooperation, 131
Copernicus, 30, 31
coral reef evolution, theory of, 2–3
court cases, xix, 95, 166
Arkansas trial of 1981, 95–96
Edwards v. Aguillard, 96–99, 102, 108
Kitzmiller et al. v. Dover Area School District, 10, 99, 100–105
Louisiana case of 1987, 96–99
pending, 113
Scopes trial, see Scopes trial
Cox, Kathy, 127
Coyne, Jerry, 67–68
creationism and creationists, xxii
court cases, see court cases
as cultural issue, xvii–xviii
Darwin as, xv
debating, see debating Intelligent Design
demographics of belief in, xviii
different positions of, 166–67
fears about theory of evolution, 24
geographic differences in attitudes, xviii
liberal, 31–32
relationship of Intelligent Design to, 102–4, 108, 110
Scopes trial, 23–24
statistics on creationists, xvii–xviii, 128–29
theologians, arguments of, 4–5
creation stories of other cultures, 168
Crowell Trust, Henry P. and Susan C., 112
Dalai Lama, 120
Darrow, Clarence, 25, 27–28
Darwin, Charles, 139–40
autobiography, 3–4
background of, 116–17
coral reefs, theory of, 2–3
creationism and, xv
death of daughter Anne, 118
Descent of Man, 130–31
diaries, notebooks, and journals of, xiii, xiv, xv, xvi
Galápagos legend, xiv–xv
Origin of Species (Darwin), see On the Origin of Species (Darwin)
path to arriving at theory of evolution, xv–xvi, 116–19
religious attitudes, 116–19
study of theology, 5, 116–17
Darwin, Emma, 119
Darwin, Erasmus, 116
Darwin, Robert, 116
Darwin on Trial (Johnson), 52–53
Darwin’s Dictum, 2
data:
hypothetico-deductive method and, 21
relative roles of theory and, 2, 3
dating techniques, 15–16
Davis, Percival, 102
Dawkins, Richard, 7, 9, 14–15, 29, 45, 73, 160
Day-Age creationists, 167
debating Intelligent Design, 45–88
Anthropic Principle, 54–59
Conservation of Information, 71–75
Design Inference, 59–62
Explanatory Filter, 62–65
icons of evolution are fallacies, fakes, or frauds, 83–87
Irreducible Complexity, 66–71
Microevolution and Macroevolution, 77–80
positives of, 88
randomness cannot produce complex specified design, 82–83
reasons for, 46–47
Second Law of Thermodynamics argument, 81–82
skeptical principals for, 48–53
“we cannot observe evolution” argument, 75–77
deception detection, 136
Dembski, William, 62–63, 71–73, 106–7, 110, 111
Democrats, acceptance of evolution by, 129
Demon-Haunted World, The (Sagan), 154
Descent of Man (Darwin), 130–31
Design Inference argument, 59–62
Design Revolution, The (Dembski), 111
differential reproductive success, 7
Digging Dinosaurs (Horner), 19–20
dinosaurs, 69
Discovery Institute, 31, 112–14
diseases as example of natural selection, 75
disulfide bonds, 76, 77
DNA:
Law of Conservation of Information and, 74–75
unsolved questions on origin of, 141–42
Dobzhansky, Theodosius, xxii
dogs, evolution of, 13–14
E. coli bacterium, 75
ear muscles, extrinsic, 19
earth, dating of the, 16
creationists and, 30
Edwards v. Aguillard, 96–99, 102, 108
Either-or Fallacy, 50, 63, 95
Eldredge, Niles, 11
emergent property, 64, 65, 160
Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding, An (Hume), 52
entropy, 81
Esalen Institute, 155
eubacteria, 70
eugenics, social Darwinism and, 26–27
eukaryote cells, 73, 86, 143, 145, 146
evangelical Christians, xx–xxi, 107, 112
acceptance of evolution by, 127–28
evidence, convergence of, see convergence of evidence
Evolutionary creationists, 167
evolutionary developmental biology, 78–79
“evolution in action” argument, 75–77
evolution (theory of evolution):
acceptance of, 21–22, 29–30, 126–30
compatibility with religion, 113, 114, 122–25, 138
convergence of evidence, 12–15, 51, 87
cultural influence of, xxii
current controversies, 141–53
Darwin and, see Darwin, Charles
definitions of evolution, 6
demographics and acceptance of, 128–29
fossil evidence, see fossils
as historical science, 2, 9
initial response by Shermer to, xvi–xvii, 1
key tenets of, 6–7
major shifts in evolution, explanations for, 144–45
natural selection, see natural selection
popular lack of knowledge about, 32–33
preponderance of evidence, xxi
reasons Christians and conservatives should accept, 129–38
reasons for resisting truth of, 30–32
scientific community’s acceptance of, xvii, 21–22, 126–27
significance of, xxii
social Darwinism and, 26–27
tests of, see tests of evolutionary theory
unsolved problems in, 141–53
exaption, 68–69
exoheresies, 88
expanding universe, 58–59, 159
explanations, scientific vs. supernatural, 98, 162
Explanatory Filter argument, 62–65
eyelid
, third, 19
eyes, 117
as evidence of natural design, 17
evolutionary history of, 16–17, 78–79, 82–83
irreducible complexity argument and, 66, 69–70
photoreceptive structures, 78
facts, scientific method and, 97
fallacies of evolution argument, 83–87
family values, 130
Fawcett, Henry, xvii, 1
Fedonkin, Mikhail, 143–44
Feynman, Richard, 89, 155
Fieldstead & Company, 112, 114
fine tuning argument, 54–59
Flores Island, discovery of fossil dwarf humans on, 147–48
Forrest, Barbara, 102
Forster, Peter, 149
Fortey, Richard, 144
Fossil Fallacy, 51
fossils, 9, 75, 86
dating of, 16
dogs, ancestry of, 14
intermediate stages, 16
transitional, 9–11, 14, 15, 51, 69, 146–47
founder population, 10
Franks, Bobby, 28
functional adaptation, 65
funding of Intelligent Design movement, 112–14
Futuyma, Douglas, 152
Galápagos Islands, xiii–xiv, 139–40
finches of, xv, 150–51
Gallup polls, 33
Gap creationists, 167
Garden of Eden, 148
Genesis, biblical story of, 148
scientific revision of, 162–65
Genetic Assisted Design (GAD), 77
gene transfer, horizontal, 145
genotypes, 15
geological evidence of theory of evolution, 16
Gilkey, Langdon, 43
God:
belief in, see religion; science and religion, relationship between
existence of, question of, 43–44
Extra-Terrestrial Intelligence (ETI) and, 40–44
faith and revelation as avenue to, 44
reasons for, 43
reasons for belief in, 34–38
see also science and religion, relationship between
God of the Gaps argument, 52
God of the Government argument, 90–91
Gogarten, Peter, 145
goose bumps, 19
gossip, 132
Gould, John, xv
Gould, Stephen Jay, 11, 29, 45, 85, 120, 144, 147, 160
Gowaty, Patricia, 151–52
Grant, Peter and Rosemary, 150–51
Gray, Asa, 116
Haeckel’s embryo drawings, 84, 85
hair, body, 19
Hardison, Richard, 83
Hare, Brian, 14
Harper, Charles L., Jr., 114
Harris, Sidney, 52
Harris polls, 129
Hatfield, Elaine, 134
Hawking, Stephen, 54–55, 58
Headquarters Nights (Kellog), 27
heliocentrism, 31, 129
Heltzer, Ruth, 38–39
hemoglobin, evolution of, 73–74
Herschel, John, xvii
Hesperopithecus, 83, 85
homeschooling, 92
homologies, 70–71, 84, 86
Hooker, Joseph, xvi, 116
Horner, Jack, 19–22
Hovind, Kent, 45–46, 50, 87–88
Hox genes, 79
Hubble, Edwin, 159
human evolution, migrational history and modern, 148–49
human genome, 79
human nature, fear of idea of fixed, 31–32
Hume’s Maxim, or, what is more likely?, 48–49, 61
Huxley, Aldous, 155
Huxley, Thomas Henry, 3, 29, 99, 131
hypotheses, scientific method and, 97
hypothetico-deductive method, 21–22, 94–95
Icons of Evolution: Science or Myth? Why Much of What We Teach About Evolution Is Wrong (Wells), 83–84, 110
incipient stages, problem of, 68–69
intellectual attribution bias, 38
Intelligent Design (ID), 33, 167
alternative explanations, lack of, 86
debating, see debating Intelligent Design
funding of the movement, 112–14
Kitzmiller et al. v. Dover Area School District, 10, 99, 100–105
real agenda of, 87–88, 104, 106–15
relationship to creationism, 102–4, 108, 110
scientific component of, 111
in search of the designer, 34–44
teaching of, see teaching of Intelligent Design
intermediate fossil stages, 16
invisible hand, Adam Smith’s theory of, 136–37
Irreducible Complexity argument, 66–71
jawless lamphrey fish, 74
John Paul II, Pope, 113, 114, 116, 120, 124, 128
Johnson, Phillip, 52–53, 106, 108–9
Johnson, Rob, 106
Jones, Judge John E., III, 102, 104–5
Journal of Researches (Darwin), xiii
Kansas State Board of Education, xix
Keats, John, 158
Kellog, Vernon L., 27
Kenyon, Dean, 102
Kettlewell, Bernard, 85
Kevorkian, Jack, 100
Kitzmiller et al. v. Dover Area School District, 10, 99, 100–105
Known and the Unknown principle, 49
Kristol, Irving, 31
Kurzweil, Ray, 41
laboratory experiments, inability to demonstrate evolution in, 75–77
Lamia (Keats), 158
Law of Conservation of Information (LCI), 71–73
Lazcano, Antonio, 141–42
Leonard, Jennifer A., 14
Leopold, Nathan, 28
liberal creationism, 31–32
Liebnitz, Gottfried, 126
Lilly, John C., 155
Lincoln, Abraham, 132
lines of evidence, 12
Loeb, Richard, 28
Lubbock, John, 6
Lyell, Charles, xvii, 2
lying, 133–34, 135–36
MacLellan Foundation, 112
Macmillan’s Magazine, xvii
McNamara, Robert, 140
macroevolution, 75, 77–80
Maker of Heaven and Earth (Gilkey), 43
Marburger, John H., III, xix
Margulis, Lynn, 73, 92–93, 142, 145–46
Mars, evidence of life on, 11–12
mass extinction events, 144
Why Darwin Matters Page 21