[1] σκεδασθέντες δὲ κατὰ τὴν φυγὴν οἱ μὲν εἰς Κρήτην ἀπῆλθον, οἱ δὲ τῶν Κυκλάδων νήσων τινὰς κατέσχον, οἱ δὲ τὴν περὶ τὸν Ὄλυμπόν τε καὶ τὴν Ὄσσαν, καλουμένην δὲ Ἑστιαιῶτιν ᾤκισαν, ἄλλοι δὲ εἴς τε Βοιωτίαν καὶ Φωκίδα καὶ Εὔβοιαν διεκομίσθησαν: οἱ δ᾽ εἰς τὴν Ἀσίαν περαιωθέντες τῆς περὶ τὸν Ἑλλήσποντον παραλίου πολλὰ χωρία κατέσχον καὶ τῶν παρακειμένων αὐτῇ νήσων ἄλλας τε συχνὰς καὶ τὴν νῦν καλουμένην Λέσβον, ἀναμιχθέντες τοῖς ἐκ τῆς Ἑλλάδος στέλλουσι τὴν πρώτην ἀποικίαν εἰς αὐτὴν ἄγοντος Μάκαρος τοῦ Κριάσου.
[18.1] And dispersing themselves in their flight, some went to Crete, others occupied some of the islands called the Cyclades, some settled in the region called Hestiaeotis near Olympus and Ossa, others crossed into Boeotia, Phocis and Euboea; and some, passing over into Asia, occupied many places on the coast along the Hellespont and many of the adjacent islands, particularly the one now called Lesbos, uniting with those who composed the first colony that was sent thither from Greece under Macar, the son of Crinacus.
[2] τὸ δὲ πλεῖον αὐτῶν μέρος διὰ τῆς μεσογείου τραπόμενοι πρὸς τοὺς ἐν Δωδώνῃ κατοικοῦντας σφῶν συγγενεῖς, οἷς οὐδεὶς ἠξίου πόλεμον ἐπιφέρειν ὡς ἱεροῖς, χρόνον μέν τινα σύμμετρον αὐτόθι διέτριψαν: ἐπεὶ δὲ λυπηροὶ αὐτοῖς ὄντες ᾐσθάνοντο οὐχ ἱκανῆς οὔσης ἅπαντας τρέφειν τῆς γῆς, ἐκλείπουσι τὴν χώραν χρησμῷ πειθόμενοι κελεύοντι πλεῖν εἰς Ἰταλίαν, ἣ τότε Σατορνία ἐλέγετο.
[2] But the greater part of them, turning inland, took refuge among the inhabitants of Dodona, their kinsmen, against whom, as a sacred people, none would make war; and there they remained for a reasonable time. But when they perceived they were growing burdensome to their hosts, since the land could not support them all, they left it in obedience to an oracle that commanded them to sail to Italy, which was then called Saturnia.
[3] κατασκευασάμενοι δὲ ναῦς πολλὰς περαιοῦνται τὸν Ἰόνιον, σπουδὴν μὲν ποιούμενοι τῶν [p. 29] ἔγγιστα τῆς Ἰταλίας ἅψασθαι χωρίων: ὑπὸ δὲ νοτίου πνεύματος καὶ ἀγνοίας τῶν τόπων μετεωρότεροι ἐνεχθέντες καὶ πρὸς ἑνὶ τῶν τοῦ Πάδου στομάτων ὁρμισάμενοι Σπινῆτι καλουμένῳ ναῦς μὲν αὐτοῦ ταύτῃ καταλείπουσι καὶ τὸν ἥκιστα δυνάμενον ταλαιπωρεῖν ὄχλον, φυλακὴν ἐπ᾽ αὐταῖς καταστήσαντες, ὡς ἔχοιεν εἰ
[3] And having prepared a great many ships they set out to cross the Ionian Gulf, endeavouring to reach the nearest parts of Italy. But as the wind was in the south and they were unacquainted with those regions, they were carried too far out to sea and landed at one of the mouths of the Po called the Spinetic mouth. In that very place they left their ships and such of their people as were least able to bear hardships, placing a guard over the ships, to the end that, if their affairs did not prosper, they might be sure of a retreat.
[4] μὴ προχωροίη σφίσι τὰ πράγματα καταφυγήν. καὶ οἱ μὲν ὑπομείναντες ἐν τούτῳ τῷ χωρίῳ, τεῖχος τῷ στρατοπέδῳ περιβαλόμενοι καὶ ταῖς ναυσὶν εἰσκομίσαντες τὰς εἰς τὸν βίον εὐπορίας, ἐπειδὴ κατὰ γνώμην ἐδόκει χωρεῖν αὐτοῖς τὰ πράγματα, πόλιν ἔκτισαν ὁμώνυμον τῷ στόματι τοῦ ποταμοῦ: εὐτύχησάν τε μάλιστα τῶν περὶ τὸν Ἰόνιον οἰκούντων θαλαττοκρατοῦντες ἄχρι πολλοῦ, καὶ δεκάτας εἰς Δελφοὺς ἀνῆγον τῷ θεῷ καὶ τῶν ἀπὸ τῆς θαλάττης ὠφελειῶν,
[4] Those who were left behind there surrounded their camp with a wall and brought in plenty of provisions in their ships; and when their affairs seemed to prosper satisfactorily, they built a city and called it by the same name as the mouth of the river. These people attained to a greater degree of prosperity than any others who dwelt on the Ionian Gulf; for they had the mastery at sea for a long time, and out of their revenues from the sea they used to send tithes to the god at Delphi, which were among the most magnificent sent by any people.
[5] εἴπερ τινὲς καὶ ἄλλοι, λαμπροτάτας. ὕστερον μέντοι μεγάλῃ χειρὶ τῶν προσοικούντων βαρβάρων ἐπιστρατευσάντων αὐτοῖς ἐξέλιπον τὴν πόλιν: οἱ δὲ βάρβαροι μετὰ χρόνον ἀνέστησαν ὑπὸ Ῥωμαίων. καὶ τὸ μὲν ἐν τῷ Σπινῆτι καταλειφθὲν γένος τῶν Πελασγῶν οὕτως ἐφθάρη.
[5] But later, when the barbarians in the neighbourhood made war upon them in great numbers, they deserted the city; and these barbarians in the course of time were driven out by the Romans. So perished that part of the Pelasgians that was left at Spina.
[1] οἱ δὲ διὰ τῆς μεσογείου τραπόμενοι, τὴν ὀρεινὴν τῆς Ἰταλίας ὑπερβαλόντες, εἰς τὴν Ὀμβρικῶν [p. 30] ἀφικνοῦνται χώραν τῶν ὁμορούντων Ἀβοριγῖσι. πολλὰ δὲ καὶ ἄλλα χωρία τῆς Ἰταλίας ᾤκουν Ὀμβρικοί, καὶ ἦν τοῦτο τὸ ἔθνος ἐν τοῖς πάνυ μέγα τε καὶ ἀρχαῖον. τὸ μὲν οὖν κατ᾽ ἀρχὰς ἐκράτουν οἱ Πελασγοὶ τῶν χωρίων ἔνθα τὸ πρῶτον ἱδρύσαντο καὶ πολισμάτια τῶν Ὀμβρικῶν κατελάβοντό τινα: συνελθόντος δ᾽ ἐπ᾽ αὐτοὺς μεγάλου στρατοῦ δείσαντες τῶν πολεμίων τὸ πλῆθος εἰς τὴν Ἀβοριγίνων ἀπιόντες τρέπονται.
[19.1] Those, however, who had turned inland crossed the mountainous part of Italy and came to the territory of the Umbrians who were neighbours to the Aborigines. (The Umbrians inhabited a great many other part of Italy also and were an exceeding great and ancient people.) At first the Pelasgians made themselves masters of the lands where they first settled and took some of the small towns belonging to the Umbrians. But when a great army came together against them, they were terrified at the number of their enemies and betook themselves to the country of the Aborigines.
[2] καὶ οἱ μὲν Ἀβοριγῖνες ἅτε πολεμίοις ἐδικαίουν αὐτοῖς προσφέρεσθαι καὶ συνῄεσαν ἐκ τῶν ἔγγιστα χωρίων διὰ τάχους ὡς ἐξαναστήσοντες αὐτούς. οἱ δὲ Πελασγοί （τυγχάνουσι γὰρ ἐν τούτῳ τῷ χρόνῳ κατὰ δαίμονα περὶ Κοτυλίαν πόλιν Ἀβοριγίνων αὐλισάμενοι πλησίον τῆς ἱερᾶς λίμνησ᾽ ὡς δὲ τήν τε νησῖδα τὴν ἐν αὐτῇ περιδινουμένην κατέμαθον καὶ παρὰ τῶν αἰχμαλώτων, οὓς ἐκ τῶν ἀγρῶν ἔλαβον, ἤκουσαν τὸ τῶν ἐπιχωρίων ὄνομα τέλος ἔχειν σφίσι τὸ θεοπρόπιον ὑπέλαβον.
[2] And these, seeing fit to treat them as enemies, made haste to assemble out of the places nearest at hand, in order to drive them out of the country. But the Pelasgians
luckily chanced to be encamped at that time near Cutilia, a city of the Aborigines hard by the sacred lake, and observing the little island circling round in it and learning from the captives they had taken in the fields the name of the inhabitants, they concluded that their oracle was now fulfilled.
[3] ὁ γὰρ ἐν Δωδώνῃ γενόμενος αὐτοῖς χρησμός, ὅν φησι Λεύκιος Μάλλιος ἀνὴρ οὐκ ἄσημος αὐτὸς ἰδεῖν ἐπί τινος τῶν ἐν τῷ τεμένει τοῦ Διὸς κειμένων τριπόδων γράμμασιν ἀρχαίοις ἐγκεχαραγμένον, ὡδὶ εἶχε:
στείχετε μαιόμενοι Σικελῶν Σατόρνιον αἶαν
ἠδ᾽ Ἀβοριγινέων Κοτύλην, οὗ νᾶσος ὀχεῖται: [p. 31]
οἷς ἀναμιχθέντες δεκάτην ἐκπέμψατε Φοίβῳ
καὶ κεφαλὰς Κρονίδῃ καὶ τῷ πατρὶ πέμπετε φῶτα.
[3] For this oracle, which had been delivered to them in Dodona and which Lucius Mallius, no obscure man, says he himself saw engraved in ancient characters upon one of the tripods standing in the precinct of Zeus, was as follows:
“Fare forth the Sicels’ Saturnian land to seek,
Aborigines’ Cotylê, too, where floats an isle;
With these men mingling, to Phoebus send a tithe,
And heads to Cronus’ son, and send to the sire a man.”
[1] ἐλθοῦσι δὴ τοῖς Ἀβοριγῖσι σὺν πολλῇ στρατιᾷ ἱκετηρίας οἱ Πελασγοὶ προτείνοντες ὁμόσε χωροῦσιν ἄνοπλοι φράζοντές τε τὰς ἑαυτῶν τύχας καὶ δεόμενοι πρὸς φιλίαν δέξασθαι σφᾶς συνοίκους οὐ λυπηροὺς ἐσομένους, ἐπεὶ καὶ τὸ δαιμόνιον αὐτοὺς εἰς τήνδε μόνην ἄγει τὴν χώραν, ἐξηγούμενοι τὸ λόγιον.
[20.1] When, therefore, the Aborigines advanced with a numerous army, the Pelasgians approached unarmed with olive branches in their hands, and telling them of their own fortunes, begged that they would receive them in a friendly manner to dwell with them, assuring them that they would not be troublesome, since Heaven itself was guiding them into this one particular country according to the oracle, which they explained to them.
[2] τοῖς δὲ Ἀβοριγῖσι ταῦτα πυθομένοις ἐδόκει πείθεσθαι τῷ θεοπροπίῳ καὶ λαβεῖν συμμαχίαν Ἑλληνικὴν κατὰ τῶν διαφόρων σφίσι βαρβάρων, πονουμένοις τῷ πρὸς τοὺς Σικελοὺς πολέμῳ. σπένδονταί τε δὴ πρὸς τοὺς Πελασγοὺς καὶ διδόασιν αὐτοῖς χωρία τῆς ἑαυτῶν ἀποδασάμενοι τὰ περὶ τὴν ἱερὰν λίμνην, ἐν οἷς ἦν τὰ πολλὰ ἑλώδη, ἃ νῦν κατὰ τὸν ἀρχαῖον τῆς διαλέκτου τρόπον Οὐέλια ὀνομάζεται.
[2] When the Aborigines heard this, they resolved to obey the oracle and to gain these Greeks as allies against their barbarian enemies, for they were hard pressed by their war with the Sicels. They accordingly made a treaty with the Pelasgians and assigned to them some of their own lands that lay near the sacred lake; the greater part of these were marshy and are still called Velia, in accordance with the ancient form of their language.
[3] σύνηθες γὰρ ἦν τοῖς ἀρχαίοις Ἕλλησιν ὡς τὰ πολλὰ προτιθέναι τῶν ὀνομάτων, ὁπόσων αἱ ἀρχαὶ ἀπὸ φωνηέντων ἐγίνοντο, τὴν ου συλλαβὴν ἑνὶ στοιχείῳ γραφομένην. τοῦτο δ᾽ ἦν ὥσπερ γάμμα διτταῖς ἐπὶ μίαν ὀρθὴν ἐπιζευγνύμενον ταῖς πλαγίοις, ὡς ϝελένη καὶ
[3] For it was the custom of the ancient Greeks generally to place before those words that began with a vowel the syllable ου, written with one letter (this was like a gamma, formed by two oblique lines joined to one upright line), as ϝελένη, ϝάναξ, ϝοῖκος, ϝέαρ and many such words.
[4] ϝάναξ καὶ ϝοῖκος καὶ ϝαὴρ καὶ πολλὰ τοιαῦτα. ἔπειτα μοῖρά τις αὐτῶν οὐκ ἐλαχίστη, ὡς ἡ γῆ πᾶσιν οὐκ ἀπέχρη, πείσαντες τοὺς Ἀβοριγῖνας συνάρασθαί σφισι [p. 32] τῆς ἐξόδου στρατεύουσιν ἐπὶ τοὺς Ὀμβρικοὺς καὶ πόλιν αὐτῶν εὐδαίμονα καὶ μεγάλην ἄφνω προσπεσόντες αἱροῦσι Κρότωνα: ταύτῃ φρουρίῳ καὶ ἐπιτειχίσματι κατὰ τῶν Ὀμβρικῶν χρώμενοι, κατεσκευασμένῃ τε ὡς ἔρυμα εἶναι πολέμου ἀποχρώντως καὶ χώραν ἐχούσῃ τὴν πέριξ εὔβοτον, πολλῶν καὶ ἄλλων ἐκράτησαν χωρίων τοῖς τε Ἀβοριγῖσι τὸν πρὸς τοὺς Σικελοὺς πόλεμον ἔτι συνεστῶτα πολλῇ προθυμίᾳ συνδιέφερον, ἕως ἐξήλασαν αὐτοὺς ἐκ τῆς σφετέρας.
[4] Afterwards, a considerable part of the Pelasgians, as the land was not sufficient to support them all, prevailed on the Aborigines to join them in an expedition against the Umbrians, and marching forth, they suddenly fell upon and captured Croton, a rich and large city of theirs. And using this place as a stronghold and fortress against the Umbrians, since it was sufficiently fortified as a place of defence in time of war and had fertile pastures lying round it, they made themselves masters also of a great many other places and with great zeal assisted the Aborigines in the war they were still engaged in against the Sicels, till they drove them out of their country.
[5] καὶ πόλεις πολλὰς, τὰς μὲν οἰκουμένας καὶ πρότερον ὑπὸ τῶν Σικελῶν, τὰς δ᾽ αὐτοὶ κατασκευάσαντες, ᾤκουν οἱ Πελασγοὶ κοινῇ μετὰ τῶν Ἀβοριγίνων, ὧν ἐστιν ἥ τε Καιρητανῶν πόλις, Ἄγυλλα δὲ τότε καλουμένη, καὶ Πίσα καὶ Σατορνία καὶ Ἄλσιον καὶ ἄλλαι τινὲς, ἃς ἀνὰ χρόνον ὑπὸ Τυρρηνῶν ἀφῃρέθησαν.
[5] And the Pelasgians in common with the Aborigines settled many cities, some of which had been previously inhabited by the Sicels and others which they built themselves; among these are Caere, then called Agylla, and Pisae, Saturnia, Alsium and some others, of which they were in the course of time dispossessed by the Tyrrhenians.
[1] Φαλέριον δὲ καὶ Φασκέννιον ἔτι καὶ εἰς ἐμὲ ἦσαν οἰκούμεναι ὑπὸ Ῥωμαίων, μίκρ᾽ ἄττα διασώζουσαι ζώπυρα τοῦ Πελασγικοῦ γένους, Σικελῶν ὑπάρχουσαι πρότερον. ἐν ταύταις διέμεινε πολλὰ τῶν ἀρχαίων διαιτημάτων, οἷς τὸ Ἑλληνικόν ποτ᾽ ἐχρήσατο, ἐπὶ μήκιστον χρόνον, οἷον ὅ τε τῶν ὅπλων τῶν πολεμιστηρίων κόσμος, ἀσπίδες Ἀργολικαὶ καὶ δόρατα, καὶ ὁπότε πολέμου ἄρχοντες ἢ τοὺς ἐπιόντας ἀμυνόμενοι στρατὸν ὑπερόριον ἀποστέλλοιεν ἱεροί τινες ἄνδρες ἄνοπλοι πρὸ τῶν ἄλλων ἰόντες σπονδοφόροι, [p. 33] τῶν τε ἱερῶν αἱ κατασκευαὶ καὶ τὰ ἕδη τῶν θεῶν ἁγισμοί τε καὶ θυσίαι καὶ πολλὰ τοιαῦτα ἕτερα:
[21.1] But Falerii and Fescennium were even down to my day inhabited by Romans and preserved some small remains of the Pelasgian nation, though they had earlier belonged to the Sicels. In these cities there survived for a very long time many of the ancient custo
ms formerly in use among the Greeks, such as the fashion of their arms of war, like Argolic bucklers and spears; and whenever they sent out an army beyond their borders, either to begin a war or to resist an invasion, certain holy men, unarmed, went ahead of the rest bearing the terms of peace; similar, also, were the structure of their temples, the images of their gods, their purifications and sacrifices and many other things of that nature.
[2] πάντων δὲ περιφανέστατον μνημεῖον τῆς ἐν Ἄργει ποτὲ οἰκήσεως τῶν ἀνθρώπων ἐκείνων οἳ τοὺς Σικελοὺς ἐξήλασαν, ὁ τῆς Ἥρας νεὼς ἐν Φαλερίῳ κατεσκευασμένος ὡς ἐν Ἄργει, ἔνθα καὶ τῶν θυηπολιῶν ὁ τρόπος ὅμοιος ἦν καὶ γυναῖκες ἱεραὶ θεραπεύουσαι τὸ τέμενος ἥ τε λεγομένη κανηφόρος ἁγνὴ γάμων παῖς καταρχομένη τῶν θυμάτων χοροί τε παρθένων ὑμνουσῶν τὴν θεὸν ᾠδαῖς πατρίοις.
[2] But the most conspicuous monument which shows that those people who drove out the Sicels once lived at Argos in the temple of Juno at Falerii, built in the same fashion as the one at Argos; here, too, the manner of the sacrificial ceremonies was similar, holy women served the sacred precinct, and an unmarried girl, called the canephorus or “basket-bearer,” performed the initial rites of the sacrifices, and there were choruses of virgins who praised the goddess in the songs of their country.
[3] ἔσχον δέ τινα καὶ οὗτοι τῶν καλουμένων Καμπανῶν εὐβότων πάνυ καὶ τὴν ὄψιν ἡδίστων πεδίων οὐκ ἐλαχίστην μοῖραν, ἔθνος τι βαρβαρικὸν Αὐρωνίσσους ἐκ μέρους ἀναστήσαντες αὐτῶν: καὶ πόλεις αὐτόθι κατεσκεύασαν ἄλλας τε καὶ Λάρισαν, ἐπὶ τῆς ἐν Πελοποννήσῳ σφῶν μητροπόλεως ὄνομα θέμενοι αὐτῇ.
Delphi Complete Works of Dionysius of Halicarnassus (Illustrated) (Delphi Ancient Classics Book 79) Page 424