[64.1] But when Aeneas had sufficiently adorned the city with temples and other public buildings, of which the greatest part remained even to my day, the next year, which was the third after his departure from Troy, he reigned over the Trojans only. But in the fourth year, Latinus having died, he succeeded to his kingdom also, not only in consideration of his relationship to him by marriage, Lavinia being the heiress after the death of Latinus, but also because of his being commander in the war against the neighbouring tribes.
[2] ἀπέστησαν γὰρ αὖθις ἀπὸ τοῦ Λατίνου Ῥότολοι λαβόντες ἡγεμόνα τῶν αὐτομόλων τινὰ τῆς Λατίνου γυναικὸς [p. 103] Ἀμίτας ἀνεψιὸν ὄνομα Τυρρηνόν. ὁ δὲ ἀνὴρ οὗτος ἐπὶ τῷ γάμῳ τῆς Λαύνας τὸν κηδεστὴν μεμφόμενος, ὅτι παρελθὼν τὸ συγγενὲς ὀθνείοις ἐκήδευσε, τῆς τε Ἀμίτας παροξυνούσης καὶ ἄλλων τινῶν συλλαμβανόντων ἄγων τὴν δύναμιν, ἧς αὐτὸς ἦρχε, προστίθεται τοῖς Ῥοτόλοις.
[2] For the Rutulians had again revolted from Latinus, choosing for their leader one of the deserters, named Tyrrhenus, who was a nephew of Amata, the wife of Latinus. This man, blaming Latinus in the matter of Lavinia’s marriage, because he had ignored his kinsmen and allied his family with outsiders, and being goaded on by Amata and encouraged by others, had gone over to the Rutulians with the forces he commanded.
[3] πολέμου δ᾽ ἐκ τῶν ἐγκλημάτων τούτων γενομένου καὶ μάχης ἰσχυρᾶς Λατῖνός τε ἀποθνήσκει καὶ Τυρρηνὸς καὶ τῶν ἄλλων συχνοί, κρατοῦσι δ᾽ ὅμως οἱ σὺν Αἰνείᾳ. ἐκ δὲ τούτου τὴν ὑπὸ τῷ κηδεστῇ γενομένην ἀρχὴν Αἰνείας παραλαμβάνει. τρία δὲ βασιλεύσας ἔτη μετὰ τὴν Λατίνου τελευτὴν τῷ τετάρτῳ θνήσκει κατὰ πόλεμον.
[3] War arose out of these complaints and in a sharp battle that ensued Latinus, Tyrrhenus and many others were slain; nevertheless, Aeneas and his people gained the victory. Thereupon Aeneas succeeded to the kingdom of his father-in-law; but when he had reigned three years after the death of Latinus, in the fourth he lost his life in battle.
[4] Ῥότολοί τε γὰρ ἐκ τῶν πόλεων στρατεύουσιν ἅπαντες ἐπ᾽ αὐτὸν, καὶ σὺν αὐτοῖς βασιλεὺς Τυρρηνῶν Μεσέντιος δείσας περὶ τῆς αὑτοῦ χώρας, ἤδη γὰρ ἐπὶ μέγα χωροῦσαν τὴν Ἑλληνικὴν ὁρῶν δύναμιν ἤχθετο. μάχης δὲ γενομένης καρτερᾶς οὐ πρόσω τοῦ Λαουϊνίου καὶ πολλῶν ἑκατέρωθεν ἀπολομένων τὰ μὲν στρατεύματα νυκτὸς ἐπελθούσης διελύθη, τὸ δὲ Αἰνείου σῶμα φανερὸν οὐδαμῇ γενόμενον οἱ μὲν εἰς θεοὺς μεταστῆναι εἴκαζον, οἱ δ᾽ ἐν τῷ ποταμῷ, παρ᾽ ὃν ἡ μάχη ἐγένετο, διαφθαρῆναι.
[4] For the Rutulians marched out in full force from their cities against him, and with them Mezentius, king of the Tyrrhenians, who thought his own country in danger; for he was troubled at seeing the Greek power already making rapid headway. A severe battle took place not far from Lavinium and many were slain on both sides, but when night came on the armies separated; and when the body of Aeneas was nowhere to be seen, some concluded that it had been translated to the gods and others that it had perished in the river beside which the battle was fought.
[5] καὶ αὐτῷ κατασκευάζουσιν οἱ Λατῖνοι ἡρῶον ἐπιγραφῇ τοιᾷδε κοσμούμενον: πατρὸς θεοῦ χθονίου, ὃς ποταμοῦ Νομικίου ῥεῦμα διέπει. εἰσὶ δ᾽ οἳ λέγουσιν ἐπ᾽ Ἀγχίσῃ [p. 104] κατασκευασθῆναι αὐτὸ ὑπ᾽ Αἰνείου, ἐνιαυτῷ πρότερον τοῦ πολέμου τούτου τελευτήσαντι. ἔστι δὲ χωμάτιον οὐ μέγα καὶ περὶ αὐτὸ δένδρα στοιχηδὸν πεφυκότα θέας ἄξια.
[5] And the Latins built a hero-shrine to him with this inscription: “To the father and god of this place, who presides over the waters of the river Numicius.” But there are some who say the shrine was erected by Aeneas in honour of Anchises, who died in the year before this war. It is a small mound, round which have been set out in regular rows trees that are well worth seeing.
[1] Αἰνείου δ᾽ ἐξ ἀνθρώπων μεταστάντος ἑβδόμῳ μάλιστα ἔτει μετὰ τὴν Ἰλίου ἅλωσιν Εὐρυλέων παρέλαβε τὴν Λατίνων ἡγεμονίαν ὁ μετονομασθεὶς Ἀσκάνιος ἐν τῇ φυγῇ. ἦσαν δὲ τειχήρεις οἱ Τρῶες ἐν τῷ χρόνῳ τούτῳ, καὶ τοῖς μὲν πολεμίοις ἀεὶ προσῄει δύναμις, αἱ δὲ τῶν Λατίνων ἀδύνατοι ἦσαν τοῖς ἐν τῷ Λαουϊνίῳ πολιορκουμένοις ἐπικουρεῖν.
[65.1] Aeneas having departed this life about the seventh year after the taking of Troy, Euryleon, who in the flight had been renamed Ascanius, succeeded to the rule over the Latins. At this time the Trojans were undergoing a siege; the forces of the enemy were increasing daily, and the Latins were unable to assist those who were shut up in Lavinium.
[2] τὸ μὲν δὴ πρῶτον εἰς φιλίαν τε καὶ συνθήκας μετρίας προὐκαλοῦντο τοὺς πολεμίους οἱ περὶ τὸν Ἀσκάνιον: ὡς δ᾽ οὐδὲν προσεῖχον αὐτοῖς, ἐπιτρέπειν ἐκείνοις ἠναγκάζοντο καταλύσασθαι τὸν πόλεμον ἐφ᾽ οἷς ἂν αὐτοὶ δικαιῶσι. τοῦ δὲ βασιλέως τῶν Τυρρηνῶν τά τε ἄλλα ὡς δεδουλωμένοις ἀφόρητα ἐπιτάσσοντος καὶ τὸν οἶνον ὅσον ἂν ἡ Λατίνων γῆ φέρῃ Τυρρηνοῖς ἀπάγειν ἀνὰ πᾶν ἔτος, οὐκ ἀνασχετὸν ἡγησάμενοι τὸ πρᾶγμα τῆς μὲν ἀμπέλου τὸν καρπὸν ἱερὸν ἐψηφίσαντο τοῦ Διὸς εἶναι γνώμην ἀγορεύσαντος Ἀσκανίου, αὐτοὶ δὲ ἀλλήλοις παρακελευσάμενοι προθύμοις ἀγωνισταῖς γενέσθαι καὶ θεοὺς αἰτησάμενοι συλλαβέσθαι τοῦ κινδυνεύματος ἐξῆλθον ἐκ τῆς πόλεως φυλάξαντες νύκτ᾽ ἀσέληνον.
[2] Ascanius and his men, therefore, first invited the enemy to a friendly and reasonable accommodation, but when no heed was paid to them, they were forced to allow their enemies to put an end to the war upon their own terms. When, however, the gate of the Tyrrhenians, among other intolerable conditions that he imposed upon them, as upon a people already become his slaves, commanded them to bring to the Tyrrhenians every year all the wine the country of the Latins produced, they looked upon this as a thing beyond all endurance, and following the advice of Ascanius, voted that the fruit of the vine should be sacred to Jupiter. Then, exhorting one another to prove their zeal and valour and praying the gods to assist them in their dangerous enterprise, they fixed upon a moonless night and sallied out of the city.
[3] εὐθὺς δὲ προσβαλόντες τῷ χάρακι τῶν πολεμίων, ὃς ἐγγυτάτω τῆς πόλεως ἔκειτο καὶ [p. 105] ἦν προτείχισμα τῆς ἄλλης δυνάμεως ἐν ἐρυμνῷ τε κατεσκευασμένος χωρίῳ καὶ τὴν κρατίστην νεότητα Τυρρηνῶν ἔχων, ἧς ἡγεῖτο Μεσεντίου παῖς Λαῦσος ὄνομα, οὐδενὸς προιδομένου �
�ὴν ἔφοδον αἱροῦσιν εὐπετῶς τὸ ὀχύρωμα. ἐν ᾧ δὲ τὸ χωρίον τοῦτο ἡλίσκετο, φῶς τε ἄκαιρον ὁρῶντες οἱ ἐν τοῖς πεδίοις ἐστρατοπεδευκότες καὶ βοὴν τῶν ἀπολλυμένων ἀκούοντες ἔφευγον ἐκλιπόντες τοὺς πεδινοὺς τόπους ἐπὶ τὰ
[3] And they immediately attacked that part of the enemy’s rampart which lay nearest to the city and which, being designed as an advanced post to cover the rest of their forces, had been constructed in a strong position and was defended by the choicest youth of the Tyrrhenians, under the command of Lausus, the son of Mezentius; and their attack being unforeseen, they easily made themselves masters of the stronghold. While they were employed in taking this post, those of the enemy who were encamped on the plains, seeing an unusual light and hearing the cries of the men who were perishing, left the level country and were fleeing to the mountains.
[4] ὄρη. ἐν δὲ τούτῳ πολλὴ ἐγένετο ταραχὴ καὶ θόρυβος, οἷα ἐν νυκτὶ κινουμένης στρατιᾶς, ὡς αὐτίκα μάλα τῶν πολεμίων σφίσιν ἐπιθησομένων οὐ σὺν κόσμῳ οὐδὲ κατὰ τέλη τὴν ἔλασιν ποιουμένοις: οἱ δὲ Λατῖνοι, ἐπειδὴ τό τε φρούριον ἐξ ἐφόδου κατειλήφεσαν καὶ τὸ ἄλλο στράτευμα ἔμαθον τεταραγμένον, ἐπέκειντο αὐτοῖς κτείνοντες καὶ διώκοντες. τῶν δ᾽ οὐχ ὅπως τις πρὸς ἀλκὴν τραπέσθαι ἐπεχείρησεν, ἀλλ᾽ οὐδὲ μαθεῖν ἐν οἷς ἦσαν κακοῖς ἠδύνατο: ὑπὸ δὲ θορύβου καὶ ἀμηχανίας οἱ μὲν κατὰ κρημνῶν φερόμενοι διεφθείροντο, οἱ δ᾽ εἰς φάραγγας ἀνεξόδους ἐμπίπτοντες ἡλίσκοντο, οἱ δὲ πλεῖστοι ἀγνοήσαντες ἀλλήλους ἀνὰ τὸ σκότος ὅσα πολεμίους διέθεσαν, καὶ ὁ [p. 106] πλεῖστος αὐτῶν φθόρος ἀλληλοκτόνος ἐγίνετο. Μεσέντιος δὲ σὺν ὀλίγοις λόφον τινὰ καταλαβών, ἐπειδὴ τοῦ παιδὸς τὸν μόρον ἐπύθετο καὶ ὅσος αὐτῷ στρατὸς διέφθαρτο ἐν οἵῳ τε χωρίῳ κατακεκλεικὼς ἑαυτὸν ἦν,
[4] During this time there was great confusion and tumult, as was but natural with an army moving at night; for they expected the enemy would every moment fall upon them while they were withdrawing in disorder and with ranks broken. The Latins, after they had taken the fort by storm and learned that the rest of the army was in disorder, pressed after them, killing and pursuing. And not only did none of the enemy attempt to turn and resist, but it was not even possible for them to know in what evil plight they were, and in their confusion and helplessness some were falling over precipices and perishing, while others were becoming entangled in blind ravines and were being taken prisoner; but most of them, failing to recognize their comrades in the dark, treated them as enemies, and the greatest part of their loss was due to their slaying of one another.
[5] ὡς ὢν ἐν ἀπορίᾳ χρήματος, ἔπεμψε κήρυκας εἰς τὸ Λαουΐνιον περὶ φιλίας διαλεξομένους, Ἀσκανίου δὲ τοῖς Λατίνοις ταμιεύεσθαι τὴν τύχην συμβουλεύοντος ἄδειαν εὑρόμενος ἀπῆλθεν ὑπόσπονδος μεθ᾽ ὅσης εἶχε δυνάμεως καὶ τὸν ἀπὸ τοῦδε χρόνον ἅπαντα διαλυσάμενος τὴν ἔχθραν πρὸς τοὺς Λατίνους βέβαιος φίλος ἦν.
[5] Mezentius with a few of his men seized a hill, but when he learned of the fate of his son and of the numbers he had lost and discovered the nature of the place in which he had shut himself up, realizing that he was packing in everything needful, he sent heralds to Lavinium to treat for peace. And since Ascanius advised the Latins to husband their good fortune, Mezentius obtained permission to retire under a truce with the forces he had left; and from that time, laying aside all his enmity with the Latins, he was their consulate friend.
[1] τριακοστῷ δὲ ὕστερον ἔτει μετὰ τὴν κτίσιν τοῦ Λαουϊνίου πόλιν ἑτέραν οἰκίζει κατὰ τὸ γενόμενον Αἰνείᾳ θέσφατον Ἀσκάνιος ὁ Αἰνείου καὶ μετάγει τούς τ᾽ ἐκ Λαουϊνίου καὶ τῶν ἄλλων Λατίνων ὅσοις ἦν βουλομένοις ἄμεινον οἰκεῖν εἰς τὴν νεόκτιστον, ὄνομα τῇ πόλει θέμενος Ἄλβαν. ἔστι δ᾽ ἡ Ἄλβα καθ᾽ Ἑλλάδα γλῶσσαν Λευκή, σαφηνισμοῦ δ᾽ ἕνεκα διορίζεται παρ᾽ ἑτέραν πόλιν ὁμώνυμον ἐπικλήσει τὸ σχῆμα ἐπικατηγορούσῃ, καί ἐστιν ὥσπερ σύνθετον ἤδη τοὔνομα ἐξ ἀμφοῖν Ἄλβα λόγγα, τοῦτο δ᾽ ἔστι Λευκὴ μακρά.
[66.1] In the thirtieth year after the founding of Lavinium Ascanius, the son of Aeneas, in pursuance of the oracle given to his father, built another city and transferred both the inhabitants of Lavinium and the other Latins who were desirous of a better habitation to this newly-built city, which he called Alba. Alba means in the Greek tongue Leukê or “White”; but for the sake of clearness it is distinguished from another city of the same name by the addition of an epithet descriptive of its shape, and its name is now, as it were, a compound, made up of the two terms, Alba Longa, that is Leukê Makra or “Long White (town).”
[2] νῦν μὲν οὖν ἔρημός ἐστιν: ἐπὶ γὰρ Ὁστιλίου Τύλλου Ῥωμαίων βασιλέως στασιάζειν δόξασα πρὸς τὴν ἀποικίαν περὶ τῆς ἀρχῆς ἀνῃρέθη: τὸ [p. 107] δ᾽ ἐν αὐτῇ πολιτευόμενον πλῆθος ἡ καθελοῦσα τὴν μητρόπολιν ὑπεδέξατο Ῥώμη. ἀλλὰ ταῦτα μὲν ἐν τοῖς ἱκνουμένοις χρόνοις ἐγένετο, ἡνίκα δὲ ᾠκίζετο πρὸς ὄρει καὶ λίμνῃ κατεσκευάσθη τὸ μέσον ἐπέχουσα ἀμφοῖν, καὶ ἦν ὥσπερ τείχη τῆς πόλεως ταῦτα δυσάλωτον αὐτὴν ποιοῦντα. τό τε γὰρ ὅρος ἐν τοῖς πάνυ ὀχυρόν τε καὶ ὑψηλόν ἐστιν ἥ τε λίμνη βαθεῖα καὶ μεγάλη, καὶ αὐτὴν διὰ κλισιάδων ἀνοιγομένων ὑποδέχεται τὸ πεδίον ταμιευομένων ὁπόσον βούλονται τῶν ἀνθρώπων τὸ ὕδωρ.
[2] This city is now uninhabited, since in the time of Tullus Hostilius, king of the Romans, Alba seemed to be contending with her colony for the sovereignty and hence was destroyed; but Rome, though she razed her mother-city to the ground, nevertheless welcomed its citizens into her midst. But these events belong to a later time. To return to its founding, Alba was built near a mountain and a lake, occupying the space between the two, which served the city in place of walls and rendered it difficult to be taken. For the mountain is extremely strong and high and the lake is deep and large; and its waters are received by the plain when the sluices are opened, the inhabitants having it in their power to husband the supply as much as they wish.
[3] ὑπόκειται δὲ τῇ πόλει πεδία θαυμαστὰ μὲν ἰδεῖν, πλούσια δὲ καὶ οἴνους καὶ καρποὺς ἐξενεγκεῖν παντοδαποὺς καὶ οὐδὲν ἐνδεεστέρους τῆς ἄλλης Ἰταλίας, μάλιστα δὲ τὸν καλούμενον Ἀλβανὸν οἶνον ἡδὺν καὶ καλόν, ἔξω τοῦ Φαλερίνου λεγομένου τῶν γοῦν ἄλλων ἁπάντων διαφορώτατον.
&nb
sp; [3] Lying below the city are plains marvellous to behold and rich in producing wines and fruits of all sorts in no degree inferior to the rest of Italy, and particularly what they call the Alban wine, which is sweet and excellent and, with the exception of the Falernian, certainly superior to all others.
[1] ἐν δὲ τῇ κτίσει τῆς πόλεως θαῦμα μέγιστον λέγεται γενέσθαι. κατασκευασθέντος τοῖς ἕδεσι τῶν θεῶν, οὓς Αἰνείας ἐκ τῆς Τρωάδος ἠνέγκατο καὶ καθίδρυσεν ἐν τῷ Λαουϊνίῳ, ναοῦ χωρίον ἔχοντος ἄβατον καὶ τῶν ἱδρυμάτων ἐκ τοῦ Λαουϊνίου μετακομισθέντων ἐκ τοῦ νεὼ εἰς τοῦτον τὸν μυχόν, ὑπὸ τὴν ἐπιοῦσαν νύκτα κεκλεισμένων τε ὡς μάλιστα τῶν θυρῶν καὶ οὐδὲν παθόντων οὔτε περιβόλων οὔτε ὀροφῶν διαμείψαντα τὰ βρέτη τὴν στάσιν ἐπὶ τῶν [p. 108]
[67.1] While the city was building, a most remarkable prodigy is said to have occurred. A temple with an inner sanctuary had been built for the images of the gods which Aeneas had brought with him from the Troad and set up in Lavinium, and the statues had been removed from Lavinium to this sanctuary; but during the following night, although the doors were most carefully closed and the walls of the enclosure and the roof of the temple suffered no injury, the statues changed their position and were found upon their old pedestals.
Delphi Complete Works of Dionysius of Halicarnassus (Illustrated) (Delphi Ancient Classics Book 79) Page 438