[3] After this the Auruncans, who had set out from their own territory with a large army, and the Romans, with their own forces under the command of Servilius, met near the city of Aricia, which is distant one hundred and twenty stades from Rome; and each of them encamped on hills strongly situated, not far from one another. After they had fortified their camps they advanced to the plain for battle; and engaging early in the morning, they maintained the fight till noon, so that many were killed on both sides. For the Auruncans were a warlike nation and by their stature, their strength, and the fierceness of their looks, in which there was much of brute savagery, they were exceeding formidable.
[1] ἐν τούτῳ λέγεται τῷ πολέμῳ τοὺς ἱππεῖς τῶν Ῥωμαίων κρατίστους γενέσθαι, καὶ τὸν ἡγεμόνα αὐτῶν Αὖλον Ποστόμιον Ἄλβον, ὃς ἔσχε τὴν δικτάτορα ἀρχὴν ἐν τῷ πρόσθεν ἐνιαυτῷ. τὸ μὲν γὰρ χωρίον, ἐν ᾧ ἡ μάχη ἐγένετο, ἥκισθ᾽ ἱππάσιμον ἦν καὶ κολωνούς τε πετρώδεις καὶ φάραγγας βαθείας εἶχεν, ὥστε μηδὲν ἑκατέροις τὴν ἵππον οἵαν τ᾽ εἶναι προσωφελεῖν.
[33.1] In this battle the Roman horse and their commander Aulus Postumius Albus, who had held the office of dictator the year before, are said to have proved the bravest. It seems that the place where the battle was fought was most unsuitable for the use of cavalry, having both rocky hills and deep ravines, so that the horse could be of no advantage to either side.
[2] ὁ δὲ Ποστόμιος παρακελευσάμενος τοῖς ἀμφ᾽ αὑτὸν ἀπὸ τῶν ἵππων καταβῆναι καὶ ποιήσας στῖφος ἀνδρῶν ἑξακοσίων, ἐν οἷς μάλιστα ἔκαμνε τοῖς Ῥωμαίοις κατὰ πρανοῦς ὠθουμένοις χωρίου ἡ φάλαγξ, [p. 312] ἐν τούτοις συνάπτει τοῖς πολεμίοις, καὶ αὐτίκα συνίστησιν αὐτῶν τὰς τάξεις. ὡς δ᾽ ἅπαξ ἀνεκόπησαν οἱ βάρβαροι, θάρσος ἐνέπεσε τοῖς Ῥωμαίοις, καὶ φιλονεικία τοῖς πεζοῖς πρὸς τοὺς ἱππεῖς: καὶ καθ᾽ ἓν ἀμφότεροι πυργηδὸν ἐξωθοῦσι τὸ δεξιὸν κέρας τῶν πολεμίων ἕως τοῦ λόφου: καὶ οἱ μὲν τοῖς περὶ τὸν χάρακα φεύγουσιν ἑπόμενοι πολλοὺς ἀπέκτειναν, οἱ δὲ τοῖς ἔτι μαχομένοις κατὰ νώτου ἐπῆγον.
[2] Postumius, ordering his followers to dismount, formed a compact body of six hundred men, and observing where the Roman battle-line suffered most, being forced down hill, he engaged the enemy at those points and promptly crowded their ranks together. The barbarians being once checked, courage came to the Romans and the foot emulated the horse; and both forming one compact column, they drove the right wing of the enemy back to the hill. Some pursued that part of them which fled towards their camp and killed many, while others attacked in the rear those who still maintained the fight.
[3] τρεψάμενοι δὲ κἀκείνους εἰς φυγὴν ἐπίπονόν τε καὶ βραδεῖαν τὴν ἀποχώρησιν ποιουμένους πρὸς ὀχθώδη χωρία ἐδίωκον, τένοντάς τε ὑποκόπτοντες ποδῶν καὶ τὰς ἰγνῦς πλαγίοις τοῖς ξίφεσι διαιροῦντες, ἕως ἐπὶ τὸν χάρακα αὐτῶν ἀφίκοντο. βιασάμενοι δὲ καὶ τούτου τοὺς φύλακας οὐ πολλοὺς ὄντας ἐκράτησαν τοῦ στρατοπέδου καὶ διήρπασαν: ὠφελείας μέντοι οὐ πολλὰς εὗρον, ὅτι μὴ ὅπλα καὶ ἵππους, καὶ εἴ τι ἄλλο πολεμιστήριον χρῆμα ἦν. ταῦτα οἱ περὶ Σερουίλιον καὶ Ἄππιον ὕπατοι ἔπραξαν.
[3] And when they had put these also to flight, they followed them in their difficult and slow retreat to the hilly ground, cutting asunder the sinews of both their feet and knees with side blows of their swords, till they came to their camp. And having overpowered the guards there also, who were not numerous, they made themselves masters of the camp and plundered it. However, they found no great booty in it, but only arms, horses and other equipment for war. These were the achievements of Servilius and Appius during their consulship.
[1] μετὰ ταῦτα παραλαμβάνουσι τὴν ὑπατικὴν ἀρχὴν Αὖλος Οὐεργίνιος Καιλιμοντανὸς καὶ Τῖτος Οὐετούριος Γέμινος, ἄρχοντος Ἀθήνησι Θεμιστοκλέους, ἑξηκοστῷ καὶ διακοσιοστῷ μετὰ τὴν κτίσιν ἔτει, μελλούσης εἰς τοὐπιὸν τῆς ἑβδομηκοστῆς καὶ δευτέρας ὀλυμπιάδος, ἣν ἐνίκα δεύτερον Τισικράτης Κροτωνιάτης. [p. 313] ἐπὶ τούτων Σαβῖνοι πάλιν ἐπὶ Ῥωμαίους στρατιὰν ἐξάγειν μείζονα παρεσκευάζοντο, καὶ Μεδυλλῖνοι Ῥωμαίων ἀποστάντες πρὸς τὸ Σαβίνων ἔθνος ὅρκους ἐποιήσαντο περὶ συμμαχίας.
[34.1] After this Aulus Verginius Caelimontanus and Titus Veturius Geminus assumed the office of consul, when Themistocles was archon at Athens, in the two hundred and sixtieth year after the foundation of Rome and the year before the seventy-second Olympiad (the one in which Tisicrates of Croton won the prize for the second time). In their consulship the Sabines prepared to lead out against the Romans a larger army than before, and the Medullini, revolting from the Romans, swore to a treaty of alliance with the Sabines.
[2] πυνθανόμενοι δὲ τὴν διάνοιαν αὐτῶν οἱ πατρίκιοι παρεσκευάζοντο διὰ ταχέων ἐξιέναι πανστρατιᾷ: τὸ δὲ δημοτικὸν οὐχ ὑπήκουεν αὐτοῖς, ἀλλ᾽ ἐμνησικάκουν τῆς ψευσθείσης αὐτοῖς πολλάκις ὑποσχέσεως περὶ τῶν ἐπικουρίας δεομένων ἀπόρων, τἀναντία ἐπαγόντων τῶν ἐπ᾽ ἐκείνοις ψηφιζομένων. κατ᾽ ὀλίγους δὲ συλλεγόμενοι ὅρκοις ἀλλήλους κατελάμβανον ὑπὲρ τοῦ μηκέτι συνάρασθαι τοῖς πατρικίοις πολέμου μηδενὸς καθ᾽ ἕνα τῶν ἀπόρων κατισχυόμενοι κοινῇ καὶ πρὸς τοὺς ἐντυγχάνοντας βοηθήσαντες. καὶ ἐγίνετο πολλαχῇ μὲν καὶ ἄλλῃ τὸ συνώμοτον ἐν ἁψιμαχίαις λόγων τε καὶ ἔργων ἐμφανές, μάλιστα δ᾽ ἐδήλωσε τοῖς ὑπάτοις, ἐπειδὴ οὐ προσῄεσαν οἱ καλούμενοι πρὸς τὴν στρατολογίαν.
[2] The patricians, learning of their intention, were preparing to take the field immediately with all their forces; but the plebeians refused to obey their orders, remembering with resentment their repeated breaking of the promises which they had made to them respecting the poor who required relief, . . . . . the votes that were being passed . . . . . And assembling together a few at a time, they bound one another by oaths that they would no longer assist the patricians in any war, and that to every one of the poor who was oppressed they would render aid jointly against all whom they met. The conspiracy was evident on many other occasions, both in verbal skirmishes and physical encounters, but it became especially clear to the consuls when those summoned to military service failed to present themselves.
[3] συναρπάσαι γὰρ τινὰ τῶν ἐκ τοῦ δήμου κελευσάντων οἱ πένητες ἀθρόοι [p. 314] συστραφέντες τόν τε φερόμενον ἀφῃροῦντο καὶ τοὺς ὑπηρέτας τῶν ὑπάτων οὐ μεθ�
�εμένους αὐτοὶ παίοντες ἀπήλαυνον, καὶ οὔτε ἱππέων οὔτε πατρικίων, ὅσοι παρόντες τὰ γινόμενα κωλύειν ἠξίουν, ἀπείχοντο μὴ οὐ παίειν: καὶ δι᾽ ὀλίγου πᾶσα ἡ πόλις ἦν ἀκοσμίας πλήρης καὶ θορύβου. ἅμα δὲ τῇ στάσει τῇ κατὰ τὴν πόλιν αὐξομένῃ καὶ τὰ τῶν πολεμίων πρὸς καταδρομὴν παρασκευαζόμενα μείζω τὴν ἐπίδοσιν ἐλάμβανεν. Οὐολούσκων δὲ πάλιν ἀπόστασιν βουλευσαμένων καὶ τῶν καλουμένων Αἰκανῶν πρεσβεία τε ἀπὸ πάντων τῶν Ῥωμαίοις ὑπηκόων παρῆν ἀξιούντων σφίσι συμμαχεῖν ἐν τρίβῳ τοῦ πολέμου κειμένοις.
[3] For whenever they ordered anyone of the people to be seized, the poor assembled in a body and endeavoured to rescue the one who was being carried away, and when the consuls’ lictors refused to release them, they beat them and drove them off; and if any either of the knights or patricians who were present attempted to put a stop to these proceedings, they did not refrain from beating them too. Thus, in a short time the city was full of disorder and tumult. And as the sedition increased in the city, the preparations of the enemy for overrunning their territory increased also. When the Volscians again formed a plan to revolt, and the Aequians, as they were called, . . . ambassadors came from all the peoples who were subject to the Romans asking them to send aid, since their territories lay in the path of the war.
[4] Λατῖνοι μὲν γὰρ ἔφασκον Αἰκανοὺς ἐμβαλόντας εἰς τὴν χώραν αὐτῶν λεηλατεῖν τοὺς ἀγροὺς αὐτῶν, καὶ πόλεις τινὰς ἤδη διηρπακέναι: οἱ δ᾽ ἐν Κρουστομερείᾳ φρουροὶ πλησίον εἶναι Σαβίνους ἀποφαίνοντες καὶ πολλῇ χρωμένους προθυμίᾳ τὸ φρούριον πολεμεῖν: ἄλλοι δέ τι ἄλλο κακὸν ἀπαγγέλλοντες γεγονὸς ἢ γενησόμενον καὶ βοήθειαν διὰ ταχέων αἰτησόμενοι. παρεγένοντο δ᾽ ἐπὶ τὸ συνέδριον καὶ παρ᾽ Οὐολούσκων πρέσβεις, ἀξιοῦντες ἀπολαβεῖν ἣν ἀφῃρέθησαν ὑπ᾽ αὐτῶν χώραν, πρὶν ἄρξασθαι πολέμου.
[4] For example, the Latins said that the Aequians had made an incursion into their country and were laying waste their lands and had already plundered some of their cities; the garrison in Crustumerium declared that the Sabines were near that fortress and full of eagerness to besiege it; and others came with word of still other mischief which either had happened or was going to happen, and to ask for prompt assistance. Ambassadors from the Volscians also appeared before the senate, demanding, before they began war, that the lands taken from them by the Romans should be restored to them.
[1] συναχθείσης δὲ περὶ τούτου βουλῆς, κληθεὶς [p. 315] πρῶτος ὑπὸ τῶν ὑπάτων Τῖτος Λάρκιος, ἀξιώσει τε προὔχειν δοκῶν καὶ φρονῆσαι τὰ δέοντα ἱκανώτατος, προελθὼν ἔλεξεν: ἐμοί, ὦ βουλή, ἃ μὲν οἱ ἄλλοι δοκοῦσιν εἶναι φοβερὰ καὶ ταχείας δεόμενα βοηθείας, οὔτε φοβερὰ εἶναι δοκεῖ οὔτε πάνυ κατεπείγοντα, πῶς χρὴ τοῖς συμμάχοις ἐπικουρῆσαι ἢ καθ᾽ ὅν τινα τρόπον τοὺς πολεμίους ἀμύνασθαι: ἃ δ᾽ οὔτε μέγιστα τῶν κακῶν νομίζουσιν οὔτε ἀναγκαῖα ἐν τῷ παρόντι, ἀμελείᾳ τε αὐτὰ ὡς οὐδὲν ἡμᾶς βλάψοντα παραδόντες ἔχουσι, ταῦτα φοβερώτατά μοι φαίνεται, καὶ εἰ μὴ ταχέως αὐτὰ ἐπιστήσομεν, ἐσχάτης ἀνατροπῆς καὶ συγχύσεως τῶν κοινῶν αἴτια, ἥ τε τῶν δημοτῶν ἀπείθεια τῶν οὐκ ἀξιούντων τὰ ἐπιταττόμενα ὑπὸ τῶν ὑπάτων πράττειν, καὶ ἡμῶν αὐτῶν ἡ πρὸς τὸ ἀνήκοον αὐτῶν καὶ τὸ ἐλευθεριάζον χαλεπότης.
[35.1] The senate having been assembled to consider this business, Titus Larcius, esteemed a man of superior dignity and consummate prudence, was first called upon by the consuls to deliver his opinion. And coming forward, he said:
“To me, senators, the things which others regard as terrible and as requiring speedy relief appear neither terrible nor very urgent, I mean, how we are to assist our allies or in what manner repulse our enemies. Whereas the things which they look upon neither as the greatest of evils nor pressing at present, but continue to ignore as not likely to do us any injury, are the very things that appear most terrible to me; and if we do not soon put a stop to them, they will prove to be the causes of the utter overthrow and ruin of the commonwealth. I refer to the disobedience of the plebeians, who refuse to carry out the orders of the consuls, as well as to our own severity against this disobedient and independent spirit of theirs.
[2] οἶμαι δὲ μηδὲν ἡμᾶς δεῖν ἐν τῷ παρόντι σκοπεῖν, εἰ μὴ ὅπως ἐξαιρεθήσεται ταῦτ᾽ ἐκ τῆς πόλεως, καὶ μιᾷ πάντες γνώμῃ τὰ κοινὰ πρὸ τῶν ἰδίων αἱρούμενοι πολιτευσόμεθα. ὁμονοοῦσα μὲν γὰρ ἡ τῆς πόλεως δύναμις ἱκανὴ ἔσται καὶ φίλοις ἀσφάλειαν παρασχεῖν καὶ ἐχθροῖς δέος, στασιάζουσα δ᾽ ὥσπερ νῦν τούτων οὐδέτερον ἂν δύναιτο διαπράξασθαι. θαυμάσαιμι δ᾽ ἄν, εἰ μὴ καὶ ἑαυτὴν διεργάσαιτο [p. 316] καὶ παράσχοι τοῖς ἐχθροῖς δίχα πόνου τὸ κράτος: ὅ, μὰ τὸν Δία καὶ τοὺς ἄλλους θεούς, οὐκ εἰς μακρὰν οἴομαι τοιαῦτα πολιτευομένων ὑμῶν γενήσεσθαι.
[2] It is my opinion, therefore, that we ought to consider nothing else at present than by what means these evils are to be removed from the state and how all of us Romans with one mind are to prefer public to private considerations in the measures we pursue. For the power of the commonwealth when harmonious will be sufficient both to give security to our allies and to inspire fear in our enemies, but when discordant, as at present, it can effect neither. And I should be surprised if it did not even destroy itself and yield the victory to the enemy without any trouble. Yes, by Jupiter and all the other gods, I believe this will soon happen if you continue to pursue such measures.
[1] διῳκίσμεθα γὰρ ὡς ὁρᾶτε καὶ δύο πόλεις ἔχομεν, τὴν μὲν μίαν ὑπὸ πενίας τε καὶ ἀνάγκης ἀρχομένην, τὴν δ᾽ ὑπὸ κόρου καὶ ὕβρεως. αἰδὼς δὲ καὶ κόσμος καὶ δίκη, ὑφ᾽ ὧν ἅπασα πολιτικὴ κοινωνία σώζεται, παρ᾽ οὐδετέρᾳ μένει τῶν πόλεων. τοιγάρτοι χειρὶ τὸ δίκαιον ἤδη παρ᾽ ἀλλήλων λαμβάνομεν κἂν τῷ βιαιοτέρῳ τίθεμεν τὸ δικαιότατον, ὥσπερ τὰ θηρία, τὸ ἀντίπαλον ἐξολέσαι μετὰ τοῦ σφετέρου κακοῦ βουληθέντες, ἢ τὸ ἑαυτοῖς ἀσφαλὲς φυλάττοντες μετὰ τοῦ
[36.1] “For we are living apart from one another, as you see, and inhabit two cities, one of which is ruled by poverty and necessity, and the other by satiety and insolence; but modesty, order and justice, by which alone any civil community is preserved, remain in neither of these cities. For this reason we already exact justice from one another by force and make superior strength the measure
of that justice, like wild beasts choosing rather to destroy our enemy though we perish with him, than, by consulting our own safety, to be preserved together with our adversary.
[2] διαφόρου κοινῇ σεσῶσθαι. ὧν ἐγὼ ὑμᾶς ἀξιῶ πολλὴν πρόνοιαν ποιήσασθαι βουλὴν ὑπὲρ αὐτῶν τούτων καθίσαντες, ἐπειδὰν ἀπολύσητε τὰς πρεσβείας. ἃ δὲ ταῖς πρεσβείαις ἀποκρίνασθαι ἐν τῷ παρόντι παραινεῖν ἔχω, ταῦτ᾽ ἐστιν: ἐπειδὴ Οὐολοῦσκοι μὲν ἀπαιτοῦσιν ἡμᾶς ἃ ὅπλοις κρατήσαντες ἔχομεν καὶ πόλεμον ἀπειλοῦσι μὴ πειθομένοις, τάδε λέγωμεν, ὅτι Ῥωμαῖοι καλλίστας ὑπολαμβάνομεν κτήσεις εἶναι καὶ δικαιοτάτας, ἃς ἂν κατάσχωμεν πολέμου λαβόντες κατὰ νόμον, καὶ οὐκ ἂν ὑπομείναιμεν μωρίᾳ τὴν ἀρετὴν ἀφανίσαι: παραδόντες [p. 317] δὲ ταῦτα τοῖς ἀπολωλεκόσιν ὧν κοινωνητέον τε παισὶ καὶ τοῖς ἐκ τούτων γενομένοις καταλιπεῖν ἀεὶ ἀγωνιούμεθα, τῶν νῦν γε ὑπαρχόντων ἤδη στερησόμεθα καὶ ἑαυτοὺς ὅσα πολεμίους βλάψομεν.
Delphi Complete Works of Dionysius of Halicarnassus (Illustrated) (Delphi Ancient Classics Book 79) Page 559