[3] ταῦτα γὰρ οὔτε τοῖς συμμάχοις ὡς ἀδικουμένοις ὀργῆς παρέξει δικαίας προφάσεις, οὔτε τῷ δήμῳ δέος, μὴ δόξῃ τὰ κερδαλεώτερα πρὸ τῶν εὐπρεπεστέρων αἱρεῖσθαι. τῇ τε αἱρέσει τῶν ἀνδρῶν, οὓς Ἄππιος ἠξίου ὁριστὰς γενέσθαι τῆς δημοσίας γῆς, πάνυ εὐδοκῶ. πολλὴν γὰρ ἡμῖν τοῦτ᾽ οἴσει παρρησίαν πρὸς τοὺς δημοτικούς, ἐπεὶ νῦν γ᾽ ἄχθονται κατ᾽ ἀμφότερα, καὶ ὅτι αὐτοὶ τῶν δημοσίων οὐθὲν ἀπολαύουσι κτημάτων, [p. 241] καὶ ὅτι ἐξ ἡμῶν τινες οὐ δικαίως αὐτὰ καρποῦνται. ἐὰν δὲ δημοσιωθέντα ἴδωσι καὶ τὰς ἀπ᾽ αὐτῶν προσόδους εἰς τὰ κοινὰ καὶ ἀναγκαῖα δαπανωμένας, οὐδὲν ὑπολήψονται σφίσι διαφέρειν τῆς γῆς ἢ τῶν ἐξ αὐτῆς καρπῶν μετέχειν.
[3] For this arrangement will neither afford our allies any just excuses for anger, as being wronged, nor cause the populace any fear of appearing to prefer their own interests to their good name. As to the appointment of the men proposed by Appius to delimit the public land, I quite agree with him. For this will afford us great frankness in dealing with the plebeians, since they are now displeased on both accounts — because they themselves reap no benefit from the public possessions and because some of us enjoy them contrary to justice. But if they see them restored to the public and the revenues therefrom applied to the necessary uses of the commonwealth, they will not suppose that it makes any difficult to them whether it is the land or its produce that they share.
[4] ἐῶ γὰρ λέγειν, ὅτι 1 τῶν ἀπόρων ἐνίους μᾶλλον εὐφραίνουσιν αἱ ἀλλότριαι βλάβαι τῶν ἰδίων ὠφελειῶν. οὐ μὴν ἀποχρῆν γ᾽ οἴομαι τούτων ἑκάτερον ἐν τῷ ψηφίσματι γράφειν, ἀλλὰ καὶ δι᾽ ἄλλης τινὸς οἴομαι δεῖν θεραπείας μετρίας τὸν δῆμον οἰκειώσασθαί τε καὶ ἀναλαβεῖν: ἣν μετὰ μικρὸν ἐρῶ, τὴν αἰτίαν πρῶτον ὑμῖν ἀποδειξάμενος, μᾶλλον δὲ τὴν ἀνάγκην, δι᾽ ἣν καὶ τοῦτο πρακτέον ἡμῖν.
[4] I need not mention, of course, that some of the poor are more delighted with the losses of others with now their own advantages. However, I do not regard the entering of these two provisions in the decree as enough; but we ought in my opinion to gain the goodwill of the populace and relieve them by another moderate favour also, one which I shall presently name, after I have first shown you the reason, or rather the necessity, for our doing this also.
[1] ἴστε δήπου τοὺς ἐν τῇ ἐκκλησίᾳ ῥηθέντας ὑπὸ τοῦ δημάρχου λόγους, ὅτ᾽ ἤρετο τῶν ὑπάτων τὸν ἕτερον τοῦτον Οὐεργίνιον, ἥντινα γνώμην ἔχει περὶ τῆς κληρουχίας, πότερα τοῖς μὲν πολίταις συγχωρεῖ διανέμειν τὰ δημόσια, τοῖς δὲ συμμάχοις οὐκ ἐᾷ, ἢ τῶν κοινῶν τῶν ἡμετέρων οὐδ᾽ ἡμῖν συγχωρεῖ μέρος λαγχάνειν. καὶ οὗτος ὡμολόγησε τὸ καθ᾽ ἡμᾶς μέρος οὐ κωλύειν τῆς κληρουχίας, ἐὰν ἅπασι ταῦτα κράτιστα εἶναι δοκῇ: καὶ ἡ συγχώρησις ἥδε τούς τε δημάρχους ἐποίησεν ἡμῖν συναγωνιστὰς καὶ τὸν δῆμον ἐπιεικέστερον.
[75.1] “You are aware, no doubt, of the words spoken by the tribune in the assembly when he asked one of the consuls, Verginius here, what his opinion was concerning the allotment of the land, whether he consented to divide the public possessions among the citizens but not among the allies, or would not consent that even we should receive a share of what belongs to us all in common. And Verginius admitted that he was not attempting to hinder the allotting of the land so far as it related to us Romans, if this seemed best to everybody. This concession not only caused the tribunes to espouse our cause, but also rendered the populace more reasonable.
[2] τί οὖν μαθόντες, ἃ τότε συνεχωρήσαμεν, νῦν ἀναθησόμεθα; ἢ τί πλέον ἡμῖν ἔσται τὰ γενναῖα καὶ τὰ καλὰ πολιτεύματα καὶ ἄξια τῆς ἡγεμονίας πολιτευομένοις, ἐὰν μὴ πείθωμεν τοὺς χρησομένους; οὐ [p. 242] πείσομεν δέ, καὶ τοῦτ᾽ οὐδεὶς ὑμῶν ἀγνοεῖ. χαλεπώτερα γὰρ ἂν τῶν μὴ τυγχανόντων ἀποτίσειαν οἱ ψευσθέντες τῆς ἐλπίδος καὶ τὰ ὁμολογηθέντα μὴ κομιζόμενοι. οἰχήσεται δὴ πάλιν φέρων αὐτοὺς ὁ τὰ πρὸς ἡδονὴν πολιτευόμενος, καὶ οὐδὲ τῶν δημάρχων τις ἔτι μεθ᾽ ἡμῶν στήσεται.
[2] What has come over us, then, that we are now to change our mind about what we then conceded? Or what advantage shall we gain by pursuing our noble and excellent principles of government, principles worthy of our supremacy, if we cannot persuade those who are to make use of them? But we shall not persuade them, and this not one of you fails to know. For, of all who fail to get what they want, those will feel the harshest resentment who are cheated of their hopes and are not getting what has been agreed upon. Surely the politician whose principle it is to please will run off with them again, and after that not one even of the tribunes will stand by us.
[3] τί οὖν ὑμῖν πράττειν παραινῶ καὶ τί προστίθημι τῇ Ἀππίου γνώμῃ, μάθετε, ἀλλὰ μὴ προεξαναστῆτε μηδὲ θορυβήσητε, πρὶν ἅπαντα ἀκούσητε, ἃ λέγω. τοῖς αἱρεθησομένοις ἐπὶ τὴν ἐξέτασιν τῆς χώρας καὶ περιορισμὸν εἴτε δέκα ἀνδράσιν εἴθ᾽ ὁσοισδήποτ᾽ ἐπιτρέψατε διαγνῶναι, τίνα τ᾽ αὐτῆς δεῖ καὶ ὁπόσην κοινὴν εἶναι πάντων καὶ κατὰ πενταετίαν μισθουμένην αὔξειν τὰς τοῦ ταμιείου προσόδους: ὁπόσην τ᾽ αὖ καὶ ἥντινα τοῖς δημόταις ἡμῶν διαιρεθῆναι: ἣν δ᾽ ἂν ἐκεῖνοι κληροῦχον ἀποδείξωσι γῆν, ὑμᾶς διαγνόντας εἴθ᾽ ἅπασιν εἴθ᾽ οἷς δὴ οὐκέτ᾽ ἔστι κλῆρος εἴτε τοῖς ἐλάχιστον ἔχουσι τίμημα εἴθ᾽ ὅπως ἂν βούλησθε κατανεῖμαι: τοὺς δ᾽ ὁριστὰς αὐτῆς ἄνδρας καὶ τὸ ὑμέτερον ψήφισμα, ὃ περὶ τῆς κληρουχίας ἐξοίσετε, καὶ τἆλλα, ὅσα δεῖ γενέσθαι, ἐπειδὴ βραχὺς ὁ λειπόμενός ἐστι τῆς ἀρχῆς τοῖς ὑπάτοις χρόνος, τοὺς εἰσιόντας ὑπάτους, ὡς ἂν αὐτοῖς κράτιστα δοκῇ ἕξειν, ἐπιτελέσαι.
[3] Hear, therefore, what I advise you to do, and the amendment I add to the motion of Appius; but do not rise up or create any disturbance before you have heard all I have to say. After you have appointed commissioners, whether ten or whatever number, to inspect the land and fix its boundaries, empower them to determine which and how great a part of it should be held in common and, by being let for five years, increase the revenues of the treasury, and again, how great a part and which should be divided among our plebeians. And whatever land they appoint to be allotted you should allot after determining whether it shall be distributed among all the citizens, or among those who have no land as yet, or among t
hose who have the lowest property rating, or in whatever manner you shall think proper. As regards the men who are to fix the bounds of the land and the decree you will publish concerning its division and everything else that is necessary, I advise, since the present consuls have but a short time to continue in office, that their successors shall carry out these purposes in such manner as they think will be for the best.
[4] οὔτε γὰρ ὀλίγων τηλικαῦτα πράγματα δεῖται χρόνων, οὔτε ἡ νῦν στασιάζουσα ἀρχὴ φρονιμώτερον ἂν καταμάθοι τὰ συμφέροντα τῆς μετ᾽ αὐτὴν ἀποδειχθησομένης, [p. 243] ἐὰν ἐκείνη γ᾽, ὥσπερ ἐλπίζομεν, ὁμονοῇ. χρήσιμον δὲ πρᾶγμα ἐν πολλοῖς καὶ ἥκιστα σφαλερὸν ἀναβολή, καὶ πολλὰ ὁ χρόνος ἐν ἡμέρᾳ μιᾷ μετατίθησι: καὶ τὸ μὴ στασιάζον ἐν τοῖς προεστηκόσι τῶν κοινῶν ἁπάντων ἀγαθῶν ἐν ταῖς πόλεσιν αἴτιον. ἐγὼ μὲν δὴ ταύτην ἀποφαίνομαι γνώμην: εἰ δέ τις ἄλλο κρεῖττον εἰσηγεῖται, λεγέτω.
[4] For not only do matters of such moment require no little time, but the present consuls, who are at variance, can hardly be expected to show greater insight in discovering what is advantageous than their successors, if, as we hope, the latter shall be harmonious. For delay is in many cases a useful thing and anything but danger, and time brings about many changes in a single day; furthermore, the absence of dissension among those who preside over the public business is the cause of all the blessings enjoyed by states. As for me, this is the opinion I have to express; but if anyone has anything better to propose, let him speak.”
[1] παυσαμένου δ᾽ αὐτοῦ πολὺς ἔπαινος ἐκ τῶν παρόντων ἐγένετο, καὶ οὐθεὶς τῶν μετ᾽ ἐκεῖνον ἐρωτηθέντων ἑτέραν γνώμην ἀποφαίνεται: γράφεται δὴ μετὰ ταῦτα τὸ τῆς βουλῆς δόγμα τοιόνδε: ἄνδρας ἐκ τῶν ὑπατικῶν αἱρεθῆναι δέκα τοὺς πρεσβυτάτους, οἵτινες ὁρίσαντες τὴν δημοσίαν χώραν ἀποδείξουσιν, ὅσην τε δεῖ μισθοῦσθαι καὶ ὅσην τῷ δήμῳ διαιρεθῆναι:
[76.1] When Sempronius had ended, there was much applause from those present, and not one of the senators who were asked their opinion after him expressed any different view. Thereupon the decree of the senate was drawn up to this effect: that the ten oldest ex-consuls should be appointed to determine the boundaries of the public land and to declare how much of it ought to be let and how much divided among the people;
[2] τοῖς δ᾽ ἰσοπολίταις τε καὶ συμμάχοις, ἐάν τινα ὕστερον ἐπικτήσωνται κοινῇ στρατευσάμενοι, τὸ ἐπιβάλλον ἑκάστοις κατὰ τὰς ὁμολογίας ὑπάρχειν μέρος: τὴν δ᾽ αἵρεσιν τῶν ἀνδρῶν καὶ τὴν διανομὴν τῶν κλήρων καὶ τἆλλα ὅσα δεῖ γενέσθαι τοὺς εἰσιόντας ἐπιτελέσαι ὑπάτους. τοῦτο τὸ δόγμα εἰς τὸν δῆμον εἰσενεχθὲν τόν τε Κάσσιον ἔπαυσε τῆς δημαγωγίας, καὶ τὴν ἀναρριπιζομένην ἐκ τῶν πενήτων στάσιν οὐκ εἴασε περαιτέρω προελθεῖν.
[2] that those enjoying the rights of citizens and the allies, in case they later acquired more land by a joint campaign, should each have their allotted share, according to the treaties; and that the appointment of the decemvirs, the distribution of the allotments, and everything else that was necessary should be carried out by the incoming consuls. When this decree was laid before the populace, it not only put a stop to the demagoguery of Cassius, but also prevented the sedition that was being rekindled by the orator from going any farther.
[1] τῷ δ᾽ ἑξῆς ἐνιαυτῷ τῆς ἑβδομηκοστῆς καὶ τετάρτης ὀλυμπιάδος ἐνεστώσης, ἣν ἐνίκα στάδιον Ἄστυλος Συρακούσιος, Ἀθήνησι δ᾽ ἄρχων ἦν Λεώστρατος, Κοΐντου Φαβίου καὶ Σερουίου Κορνηλίου τὴν [p. 244] ὑπατείαν παρειληφότων, ἄνδρες ἐκ τῶν πατρικίων νέοι μὲν ἔτι τὴν ἡλικίαν, ἐπιφανέστατοι δὲ τῶν ἄλλων κατά γ᾽ ἀξιώσεις προγόνων, καὶ διὰ τὰς ἑταιρίας τε καὶ πλούτους μέγα δυνάμενοι, καὶ ὡς νέοι τὰ πολιτικὰ πράττειν οὐδενὸς τῶν ἐν ἀκμῇ χείρους, Καίσων Φάβιος, ἀδελφὸς τοῦ τότε ὑπατεύοντος, καὶ Λεύκιος Οὐαλέριος Ποπλικόλας, ἀδελφὸς τοῦ καταλύσαντος τοὺς βασιλεῖς, τὴν ταμιευτικὴν ἔχοντες ἐξουσίαν κατὰ τὸν αὐτὸν χρόνον, καὶ διὰ τοῦτ᾽ ἐκκλησίαν συνάγειν ὄντες κύριοι, τὸν ὑπατεύσαντα τῷ πρόσθεν ἐνιαυτῷ Σπόριον Κάσσιον καὶ τολμήσαντα τοὺς περὶ τῆς διανομῆς εἰσηγήσασθαι νόμους εἰσήγγειλαν εἰς τὸν δῆμον ἐπὶ τυραννίδος αἰτίᾳ: καὶ προειπόντες ἡμέραν ῥητὴν ἐκάλουν αὐτὸν ὡς ἐπὶ τοῦ δήμου τὴν δίκην ἀπολογησόμενον.
[77.1] The following year, at the beginning of the seventy-fourth Olympiad (the one at which Astylus of Syracuse won the foot-race), when Leostratus was archon at Athens, and Quintus Fabius and Servius Cornelius had succeeded to the consulship, two patricians, young indeed in years, but the most distinguished of their body because of the prestige of their ancestors, men of great influence both on account of their bands of supporters and because of their wealth, and, for young men, inferior to none of mature age for their ability in civil affairs, namely, Caeso Fabius, brother of the then consul, and Lucius Valerius Publicola, brother to the man who overthrew the kings, being quaestors at the same time and therefore having authority to assemble the populace, denounced before them Spurius Cassius, the consul of the preceding year, who had dared to propose the laws concerning the distribution of land, charging him with having aimed at tyranny; and appointing a day, they summoned him to make his defence before the populace.
[2] ὄχλου δὲ πλείστου συναχθέντος εἰς τὴν ἀποδειχθεῖσαν ἡμέραν συγκαλέσαντες εἰς ἐκκλησίαν τὸ πλῆθος τά τ᾽ ἐμφανῆ τοῦ ἀνδρὸς ἔργα ὡς ἐπ᾽ οὐδενὶ χρηστῷ γενόμενα διεξῄεσαν: ὅτι Λατίνοις μὲν πρῶτον, οἷς ἀπέχρη πολιτείας κοινῆς ἀξιωθῆναι μέγα εὐτύχημα ἡγουμένοις, εἰ καὶ ταύτης τύχοιεν, οὐ μόνον ἣν ᾔτουν πολιτείαν ὕπατος ὢν ἐχαρίσατο, ἀλλ᾽ ἔτι καὶ τῶν ἐκ τοῦ πολέμου λαφύρων, ἐὰν κοινὴ γένηται στρατεία, τὴν τρίτην ἐψηφίσατο δίδοσθαι: ἔπειθ᾽ Ἕρνικας, οὓς πολέμῳ χειρωθέντας ἀγαπᾶν ἐχρῆν, εἰ μὴ καὶ τῆς αὐτῶν χώρας ἀφαιρέσει τινὶ ζημιωθεῖεν, φίλους μὲν ἀνθ᾽ ὑπηκόων ἐποίησε, πολίτας δ᾽ ἀνθ᾽ ὑποτελῶν, γῆς τε καὶ λείας, [p. 245] ἣν ἂν ἐκ παντὸς κτήσωνται, τὴν ἑτέραν ἔταξε λαμβάνειν τρίτην μερίδα.
[2] When a very large crowd has assembled upon the day appointed, the two quaestors called the multitude together in assembly, and recounting all his overt actions, showed that they were calculated for no good purpose. Firs
t, in the case of the Latins, who would have been content with being accounted worthy of a common citizenship with the Romans, esteeming it a great piece of good luck to get even so much, he had as consul not only bestowed on them the citizenship they asked for, but had furthermore caused a vote to be passed that they should be given also the third part of the spoils of war on the occasion of any joint campaign. Again, in the case of the Hernicans, who, having been subdued in war, ought to have been content not to be punished by the loss of some part of their territory, he had made them friends instead of subjects, and citizens instead of tributaries, and had ordered that they should receive the second third of any land and booty that the Romans might acquire from any source.
[3] ὥστε μεριζομένων εἰς τρεῖς κλήρους τῶν λαφύρων τοὺς μὲν ὑπηκόους τε καὶ ἐπήλυδας διμοιρίας λαμβάνειν, τοὺς δ᾽ αὐθιγενεῖς καὶ ἡγεμόνας τρίτην μερίδα. ἐκ δὲ τούτου δυεῖν τῶν ἀτοπωτάτων θάτερον ἐπεδείκνυσαν αὐτοῖς συμβησόμενον, ἐάν τινας ἑτέρους διὰ πολλὰς καὶ μεγάλας εὐεργεσίας προέλωνται ταῖς αὐταῖς τιμῆσαι δωρεαῖς, αἷς Λατίνους τ᾽ ἐτίμησαν καὶ τοὺς μηδ᾽ ὁτιοῦν ἀγαθὸν ἀποδειξαμένους Ἕρνικας. μιᾶς γὰρ καταλειπομένης αὐτοῖς τρίτης μερίδος, ἢ οὐχ ἕξειν, ὅ τι δώσουσιν ἐκείνοις μέρος ἢ τὰ ὅμοια ψηφισαμένους μηδὲν ἑαυτοῖς καταλείψειν.
Delphi Complete Works of Dionysius of Halicarnassus (Illustrated) (Delphi Ancient Classics Book 79) Page 627