[3] This same course had also been taken already by the enemy. For their best army, assembled from both nations, was in the field under two commanders, and intended to begin with the territory of the Hernicans, in which they were then encamped, and to proceed against all the territory that was subject to the Romans; their less useful forces were left to guard their towns, lest some sudden attack might be made upon them by enemies.
[4] τις ἔφοδος αἰφνίδιος πολεμίων ἐπ᾽ αὐτὰ γένηται. πρὸς ταῦτα βουλευομένοις τοῖς Ῥωμαίων ὑπάτοις ἐδόκει [p. 398] κράτιστον εἶναι ταῖς πόλεσιν αὐτῶν πρῶτον ἐπιχειρεῖν, κατὰ τοιόνδε τινὰ λογισμόν, ὅτι διαλυθήσεται τὸ κοινὸν αὐτῶν στράτευμα, εἰ πύθοιντο ἕκαστοι τὰ οἰκεῖα ἐν τοῖς ἐσχάτοις ὄντα κινδύνοις, καὶ πολὺ κρεῖττον ἡγήσεται τὰ σφέτερα σώζειν, ἢ τὰ τῶν πολεμίων φθείρειν. Λοκρήτιος μὲν οὖν εἰς τὴν Αἰκανῶν ἐνέβαλεν, Οὐετούριος δ᾽ εἰς τὴν Οὐολούσκων. Αἰκανοὶ μὲν οὖν τὰ ἔξω πάντα ἀπολλύμενα περιορῶντες τὴν πόλιν καὶ τὰ φρούρια εἶχον ἐν φυλακῇ.
[4] In view of this situation the Roman consuls thought it best to attack their foes’ cities first; for they reasoned to this effect, that the allied army would fall apart if each of the two nations learned that their own possessions were in the direst peril, and that they would think it much more important to save their own possessions than to destroy those of the enemy. Lucretius accordingly invaded the country of the Aequians and Veturius that of the Volscians. The Aequians, for their part, permitted everything outside their walls to be destroyed, but guarded their city and their fortresses.
[1] Οὐολοῦσκοι δ᾽ ὑπό τε θράσους καὶ αὐθαδείας προαχθέντες τοῦ τε Ῥωμαϊκοῦ στρατεύματος ὡς οὐκ ἀξιομάχου ὄντος πρὸς τὸ ἑαυτῶν πλῆθος συμφέρεσθαι καταφρονήσαντες ἐξῆλθον ἀγωνιούμενοι περὶ τῆς γῆς, καὶ πλησίον τοῦ Οὐετουρίου κατεστρατοπέδευσαν. οἷα δὲ φιλεῖ πάσχειν στραιὰ νεοσύλλεκτος ἔκ τε πολιτικοῦ καὶ γεωργικοῦ πρὸς καιρὸν συνελθόντος ὄχλου συναχθεῖσα, ἐν ᾗ πολὺ καὶ τὸ ἄνοπλον ἦν καὶ κινδύνων ἄπειρον, οὐδ᾽ εἰς χεῖρας ἐλθεῖν τοῖς πολεμίοις ἐθάρσησεν:
[70.1] The Volscians, however, inspired by rashness and arrogance and despising the Roman army as inadequate to cope with their own large numbers, came out to fight in defence of their land and encamped near Veturius. But, as usually happens with an army of fresh levies composed of a crowd of both townsmen and farmers got together for the occasion, of which many are not only unarmed but also unacquainted with danger, the Volscian army dared not so much as encounter the enemy;
[2] ἀλλ᾽ ἅμα τῇ πρώτῃ τῶν Ῥωμαίων ἐφόδῳ διαταραχθέντες οἱ πολλοὶ καὶ οὔτ᾽ ἀλαλαγμὸν οὔθ᾽ ὅπλων κτύπον ἀνασχόμενοι, προτροπάδην ἔφευγον εἰς τὰ τείχη: ὥστε πολλοὺς μὲν ἐν ταῖς στενοχωρίαις τῶν ὁδῶν καταληφθέντας ἀποθανεῖν, πολλῷ δὲ πλείους παρὰ ταῖς πύλαις ὠθουμένους τῶν ἱππέων ἐπιδιωκόντων.
[2] but the greater part of them, thrown into confusion at the first onset of the Romans and unable to endure either their war-cry or the clash of their arms, fled precipitately inside the walls, with the result that many of them perished when overtaken in the narrow parts of the roads and many more when they were crowding about the gates as the cavalry pursued them.
[3] Οὐολοῦσκοι μὲν οὖν ταύτῃ χρησάμενοι τῇ συμφορᾷ [p. 399] σφᾶς αὐτοὺς ᾐτιῶντο τῆς ἀφροσύνης, καὶ οὐδὲν ἔτι παρακινδυνεύειν ἐπειρῶντο. οἱ δὲ τὰς ἐν ὑπαίθρῳ στρατιὰς Οὐολούσκων τε καὶ Αἰκανῶν ἔχοντες ἡγεμόνες, πυνθανόμενοι τὰ οἰκεῖα πολεμούμενα γενναῖόν τι καὶ οὗτοι δρᾶν ἐβουλεύσαντο, ἀναστάντες ἐκ τῆς Ἑρνίκων τε καὶ Λατίνων γῆς ἐπὶ τὴν Ῥώμην ἄγειν ὡς εἶχον ὀργῆς τε καὶ τάχους, τὸν στρατόν, κατὰ τοιάνδε τινὰ καὶ αὐτοὶ δόξαν, ὅτι δυεῖν ἔργων καλῶν θάτερον αὐτοῖς κατορθῶσαι ὑπάρξει, ἢ τὴν Ῥώμην ἀφύλακτον οὖσαν ἑλεῖν, ἢ τοὺς πολεμίους ἐκ τῆς ἑαυτῶν χώρας ἐκβαλεῖν, ὡς δὴ τῶν ὑπάτων ἀναγκασθησομένων πολεμουμένῃ
[3] The Volscians, therefore, having met with this disaster, reproached themselves for their folly and were unwilling to hazard another engagement. But the generals who commanded the armies of the Volscians and Aequians in the field, when they heard that their possessions were being attacked, resolved to perform some brave action on their part also, namely, to take their army out of the country of the Hernicans and Latins and lead it against Rome in their present mood of anger and haste. For they too had some such thought as this in mind, that they should succeed in one or the other of two glorious achievements — either to take Rome, if it was unguarded, or to drive the enemy out of their own territory, since the consuls would be forced to hasten to the relief of their own country when it was attacked.
[4] τῇ πατρίδι βοηθεῖν. ταῦτα διανοηθέντες ἦγον τὴν στρατιὰν ἐπιταχύνοντες, ἵν᾽ ἐξ ἀπροσδοκήτου τῇ πόλει συμμίξαντες εὐθὺς ἔργου ἔχωνται.
[4] Having come to this decision, they made a forced march, in order that they might fall upon the city unexpectedly and immediately get to work.
[1] ἀφικόμενοί τε μέχρι Τύσκλου πόλεως, μαθόντες τὸν περίβολον τῆς Ῥώμης ὅλον πληθύοντα ὅπλων, καὶ πρὸ τῶν πυλῶν τέτταρας ἐξεστρατευμένας σπείρας, ἀνδρῶν ἑξακοσίων ἑκάστην, τῆς μὲν ἐπὶ τὴν Ῥώμην ὁδοῦ ἀπετράποντο, τὴν δ᾽ ὑπὸ τῇ πόλει χώραν, ἣν ἐν τῇ προτέρᾳ παρέλιπον εἰσβολῇ, ἐγκαθεζόμενοι ἐδῄουν.
[71.1] Having got as far as the city of Tusculum and learning that the whole circuit of Rome was lined with armed men and that four cohorts of six hundred men each were encamped before the gates, they abandoned their march on Rome; and encamping, they laid waste the district close to the city, which they had left untouched on their former incursion.
[2] ἐπιφανέντος δ᾽ αὐτοῖς θατέρου τῶν ὑπάτων Λευκίου Λοκρητίου καὶ θεμένου τὴν παρεμβολὴν οὐ πρόσω καλὸν ὑπολαβόντες εἶναι καιρόν, πρὶν ἐλθεῖν τῷ Λοκρητίῳ τὴν ἑτέραν Ῥωμαίων δύναμιν σύμμαχον, ἧς Οὐετούριος ἡγεῖτο, συνάψαι μάχην, θέμενοι τὰς ἀποσκευὰς ἐπὶ λόφου τινὸς καὶ δύο σπείρας ἐπ᾽ αὐταῖς καταλιπόντες, οἱ λοιποὶ προῆλθον εἰς τὸ πεδίον: [p. 400] καὶ συμβαλόντες τοῖς Ῥωμαίοις ἄνδρες ἀγαθοὶ κατὰ
[2] But when one of the consuls, Lucius Lucretius, appeared and made camp not far from them, they thought this an excellent opportunity to join battle before the
other army of the Romans, commanded by Veturius, should come to the assistance of Lucretius; and placing their baggage on a certain hill and leaving two cohorts to defend it, the rest advanced into the plain. Then they engaged the Romans and acquitted themselves bravely in the conflict for a long time;
[3] τὸν ἀγῶνα ἐγίνοντο μέχρι πολλοῦ. μαθόντες δ᾽ ἐκ τῶν κατὰ νώτου φρουρῶν τινες καταβαίνουσαν ὑπὲρ ὄχθου στρατιὰν ὑπέλαβον ἥκειν τὸν ἕτερον τῶν ὑπάτων ἄγοντα τὴν σὺν αὐτῷ δύναμιν, καὶ δείσαντες, μὴ κυκλωθεῖεν ὑπ᾽ ἀμφοῖν, οὐκέτι διέμειναν, ἀλλ᾽ εἰς φυγὴν τρέπονται. ἐν τούτῳ τῷ ἀγῶνι οἵ θ᾽ ἡγεμόνες αὐτῶν ἀμφότεροι γενναίων ἀνδρῶν ἔργα ἀποδειξάμενοι πίπτουσι, καὶ ἄλλοι πολλοὶ μαχόμενοι περὶ αὐτοὺς ἀγαθοί: οἱ δὲ φυγόντες ἐκ τῆς μάχης εἰς τὰς ἑαυτῶν ἕκαστοι πατρίδας σκεδασθέντες ἀνεχώρησαν.
[3] but some of them, being informed by the guards in the rear that an army was coming down over a hill, assumed that the other consul had arrived with the forces under his command, and fearing to be hemmed in between the two armies, they no longer stood their ground, but turned to flight. In this ancient both their generals fell after performing the deeds of valiant men, and likewise many other brave men fighting at their side. Those who escaped from the battle scattered and every man retired to his own city.
[4] ἐκ δὲ τούτου πολλὴν ἄδειαν λαβὼν ὁ Λοκρήτιος ἔφθειρε τὴν Αἰκανῶν γῆν, καὶ Οὐετούριος τὴν Οὐολούσκων, ἕως ὁ τῶν ἀρχαιρεσίων ἐπέστη καιρός. τότε δ᾽ ἀναστήσαντες τὰς δυνάμεις ἀπῆγον ἐπ᾽ οἴκου καὶ κατήγαγον ἀμφότεροι τοὺς ἐπινικίους θριάμβους: Λοκρήτιος μέν, ἐπὶ τοῦ τεθρίππου παρεμβεβηκώς, Οὐετούριος δὲ πεζὸς εἰσελαύνων. δύο γὰρ οὗτοι θρίαμβοι δίδονται τοῖς ἡγεμόσιν ὑπὸ τῆς βουλῆς, ὥσπερ ἔφην, τὰ μὲν ἄλλα ἔχοντες ἴσα, τῷ δὲ τὸν μὲν ἱππικὸν εἶναι, τὸν δὲ πεζικόν, διαφέροντες.
[4] As a result of this victory Lucretius laid waste the country of the Aequians in great security, and Veturius that of the Volscians, till the time for the elections was at hand. Then both of them, breaking camp, returned to Rome with their armies and celebrated the triumphs awarded for victories, Lucretius entering the city in a chariot drawn by four horses and Veturius on foot. For these two triumphs are granted to generals by the senate, as I have stated; they are equal in other respects, but differ in this, that one is celebrated in a chariot and the other on foot.
BOOK X
[1] μετὰ δὲ τούτους ὀλυμπιὰς μὲν ἦν ὀγδοηκοστή, ἣν ἐνίκα στάδιον Τορύμβας Θεσσαλὸς ἄρχοντος Ἀθήνησι Φρασικλέους: ὕπατοι δὲ ἀπεδείχθησαν ἐν Ῥώμῃ Πόπλιος Οὐολούμνιος καὶ Σερούιος Σολπίκιος Καμερῖνος. οὗτοι στρατιὰν μὲν οὐδεμίαν ἐξήγαγον οὔτε ἐπὶ τιμωρίας ἀναπράξει τῶν ἀδικούντων σφᾶς τε αὐτοὺς καὶ τοὺς συμμάχους οὔθ᾽ ὡς διὰ φυλακῆς τὰ οἰκεῖα ἕξοντες: τῶν δ᾽ ἐντὸς τείχους κακῶν πρόνοιαν ἐποιοῦντο, μή τι δεινὸν ὁ δῆμος ἐπὶ τῇ βουλῇ συστὰς ἐξεργάσηται.
[1.1] The year after their consulship occurred the eightieth Olympiad (the one at which Torymbas, a Thessalian, won the foot-race), Phrasicles being archon at Athens; and Publius Volumnius and Servius Sulpicius Camerinus were chosen consuls at Rome. These men led no army into the field, either to take revenge on those who had injured the Romans themselves as well as their allies or to keep guard over their possessions, but they devoted their attention to the domestic evils, fearing lest the populace might organize against the senate and work some mischief.
[2] ἐταράττετο γὰρ αὖθις ὑπὸ τῶν δημάρχων ἀναδιδασκόμενος, ὅτι πολιτειῶν κρατίστη τοῖς ἐλευθέροις ἐστὶν [p. 2] ἡ ἰσηγορία, καὶ κατὰ νόμους ἠξίου διοικεῖσθαι τά τε ἰδιωτικὰ καὶ τὰ δημόσια. οὔπω γὰρ τότε ἦν οὔτ᾽ ἰσονομία παρὰ Ῥωμαίοις οὔτ᾽ ἰσηγορία, οὐδ᾽ ἐν γραφαῖς ἅπαντα τὰ δίκαια τεταγμένα: ἀλλὰ τὸ μὲν ἀρχαῖον οἱ βασιλεῖς αὐτῶν ἔταττον τοῖς δεομένοις τὰς δίκας, καὶ
[2] For they were being stirred up again by the tribunes and instructed that the best of political institutions for free men is an equality of rights; and they demanded that all business both private and public should be carried on according to laws. For at that time there did not exist as yet among the Romans an equality either of laws or of rights, nor were all their principles of justice committed to writing; but at first their kings had dispensed justice to those who sought it, and whatever they decree was law.
[3] τὸ δικαιωθὲν ὑπ᾽ ἐκείνων τοῦτο νόμος ἦν. ὡς δ᾽ ἐπαύσαντο μοναρχούμενοι, τοῖς κατ᾽ ἐνιαυτὸν ὑπατεύουσιν ἀνέκειτο τά τε ἄλλα τῶν βασιλέων ἔργα καὶ ἡ τοῦ δικαίου διάγνωσις, καὶ τοῖς ἀμφισβητοῦσι πρὸς ἀλλήλους ὑπὲρ ὁτουδήτινος ἐκεῖνοι τὰ δίκαια οἱ διαιροῦντες ἦσαν.
[3] After they ceased to be governed by kings, along with the other functions of royalty that of determining what justice is devolved upon the annual consuls, and it was they who decided what was just between litigants in any matter whatsoever.
[4] τούτων δὲ τὰ μὲν πολλὰ τοῖς τρόποις τῶν ἀρχόντων ἀριστίνδην ἀποδεικνυμένων ἐπὶ τὰς ἀρχὰς ἀκόλουθα ἦν: κομιδῇ δ᾽ ὀλίγα τινὰ ἐν ἱεραῖς ἦν βύβλοις ἀποκείμενα, ἃ νόμων εἶχε δύναμιν, ὧν οἱ πατρίκιοι τὴν γνῶσιν εἶχον μόνοι διὰ τὰς ἐν ἄστει διατριβάς, οἱ δὲ πολλοὶ ἐμπορευόμενοί τε καὶ γεωργοῦντες διὰ πολλῶν ἡμερῶν εἰς ἄστυ καταβαίνοντες ἐπὶ τὰς ἀγορὰς ἄπειροι ἔτι ἦσαν.
[4] These decisions as a rule conformed to the character of the magistrates, who were appointed to office on the basis of good birth. A very few of them, however, were kept in sacred books and had the force of laws; but the patricians alone were acquainted with these, because they spent their time in the capital, while the masses, who were either merchants or husbandmen and came down to the capital only for the markets at intervals of many days, were as yet unfamiliar with them.
[5] τὸ δὲ πολίτευμα τοῦτο πρῶτος μὲν ἐπείρασεν εἰσαγαγεῖν Γάιος Τερέντιος δημαρχῶν ἐν τῷ παρελθόντι ἔτει, ἀτελὲς δὲ ἠναγκάσθη καταλιπεῖν τοῦ τε πλήθους ὄντος ἐπὶ στρατοπέδων καὶ τῶν ὑπάτων ἐπίτηδες ἐν τῇ πολεμίᾳ γῇ τὰς δυνάμεις κατασχόντων, ἕως ὁ τῆς ἀρχῆς αὐτοῖς παρέλθῃ χρόνος. [p. 3]
[5] The first attempt to introduce this measure establishing an equality of rights was made by Gaius Terentius in the preceding year, while he was tribune; but he was forced to leave the bus
iness unfinished because the plebeians were then in the field and the consuls purposely detained the armies in the enemy’s country till their term of office expired.
[1] τότε δ᾽ αὐτὸ παραλαβόντες οἱ περὶ Αὖλον Οὐεργίνιον δήμαρχοι τελειῶσαι ἐβούλοντο: ἵνα δὲ μὴ τοῦτο γένοιτο μηδὲ κατὰ νόμους ἀναγκασθεῖεν πολιτεύεσθαι, πάντα ἐπιμηχανώμενοι διετέλουν οἵ τε ὕπατοι καὶ ἡ βουλὴ καὶ τῶν ἄλλων πολιτῶν οἱ πλεῖστον ἐν τῇ πόλει δυνάμενοι: βουλαί τε πολλαὶ καὶ ἐκκλησίαι συνεχεῖς ἐγίνοντο πεῖραί τε παντοῖαι ταῖς ἀρχαῖς κατ᾽ ἀλλήλων, ἐξ ὧν οὐκ ἄδηλον ἅπασιν ἦν, ὅτι μεγάλη τις καὶ ἀνήκεστος ἐξ ἐκείνης τῆς φιλονεικίας ἀναστήσεται τῇ πόλει συμφορά.
[2.1] At the time in question Aulus Verginius and the other tribunes took up the measure and wished to carry it through. But in order to prevent this from happening and that the magistrates might not be compelled to conduct the government in accordance with laws, the consuls, the senate and all the rest of the citizens of greatest influence in the commonwealth kept resorting to all manner of devices. There were many sessions of the senate and continual meetings of the assembly, and attempts of all kinds were made by the magistrates against one another; from all of which it was manifest to everyone that some great and irreparable mischief to the commonwealth would arise out of this contention.
[2] συνήπτετο δὲ τοῖς ἀνθρωπίνοις λογισμοῖς καὶ τὰ θεῖα δείματα προσγενόμενα, ὧν ἔνια οὔτ᾽ ἐν δημοσίαις εὑρίσκετο γραφαῖς οὔτε κατ᾽ ἄλλην φυλαττόμενα μνήμην οὐδεμίαν.
Delphi Complete Works of Dionysius of Halicarnassus (Illustrated) (Delphi Ancient Classics Book 79) Page 659