[5] κομίσαντες εἰς τὸ τῆς Ἀρτέμιδος ἱερόν. κυρωθέντος δὲ τοῦ νόμου συνελθόντες οἱ δημοτικοὶ τά τε οἰκόπεδα διελάγχανον καὶ κατῳκοδόμουν ὅσον ἕκαστοι τόπον δυνηθεῖεν ἀπολαμβάνοντες. εἰσὶ δ᾽ οἳ σύνδυο καὶ σύντρεις καὶ ἔτι πλείους συνιόντες οἰκίαν κατεσκευάζοντο μίαν ἑτέρων μὲν τὰ κατάγεια λαγχανόντων, ἑτέρων δὲ τὰ ὑπερῷα. ὁ μὲν οὖν ἐνιαυτὸς ἐκεῖνος εἰς τὰς κατασκευὰς τῶν οἰκήσεων ἐδαπανήθη.
[5] When the law had been ratified, the plebeians assembled, and after drawing lots for the plots of ground, began to build, each man taking as large an area as he could; and sometimes two, three, or even more joined together to build one house, and drawing lots, some had the lower and others the upper stories. That year, then, was employed in building houses.
[1] ὁ δὲ μετὰ τοῦτον, ἐν ᾧ τὴν ὕπατον ἀρχὴν παρειλήφεσαν Τίτος Ῥωμίλιος καὶ Γάιος Οὐετούριος, δήμαρχοι δ᾽ ἦσαν οἱ περὶ Λεύκιον Ἰκίλλιον τὸ δεύτερον ἄρχειν ἑξῆς αἱρεθέντες, οὐχ ἁπλοῦς, ἀλλὰ ποικίλος τις ἐγένετο καὶ μεγάλων μεστὸς πραγμάτων. ἥ τε γὰρ πολιτικὴ στάσις ἤδη μεμαράνθαι δοκοῦσα ὑπὸ τῶν δημάρχων πάλιν ἀνεκινεῖτο, καὶ πόλεμοί τινες ἐκ τῶν ἀλλοεθνῶν ἀνέστησαν, οἳ κακὸν μὲν [p. 62] οὐθὲν διαθεῖναι τὴν πόλιν ἠδυνήθησαν, οὐ μικρὰν δὲ ὠφέλειαν τὸ στασιάζον ἀνελόντες ἐξ αὐτῆς.
[33.1] The following year, when Titus Romilius and Gaius Veturius had succeeded to the consulship and Lucius Icilius and his colleagues were tribunes, chosen to hold the office for the second time in succession, was not all of one tenor, but varied and fraught with great events. For the civili strife, which seemed to have died down at last, was again stirred up by the tribunes, and some foreign wars arose which, without being able to do the commonwealth any harm, did her a great service by banishing the dissension.
[2] ἐγκύκλιον γὰρ δὴ τοῦτο καὶ ἐν ἔθει ἦν ἤδη τῇ πόλει πολεμουμένῃ μὲν ὁμονοεῖν, εἰρήνην δὲ ἀγούσῃ στασιάζειν. τοῦτο συνιδόντες ἅπαντες οἱ τὰς ὑπάτους ἀρχὰς παραλαβόντες κατ᾽ εὐχὰς μὲν εἴ τις ἔξωθεν ἐπανασταίη πόλεμος ἐλάμβανον: ἡσυχαζόντων δὲ τῶν ἀντιπάλων αὐτοὶ κατεσκεύαζον ἐγκλήματα καὶ προφάσεις πολέμων, ἅτε ὁρῶντες διὰ μὲν τοὺς πολέμους μεγάλην καὶ εὐδαίμονα γινομένην τὴν πόλιν, διὰ δὲ
[2] For it had by now become the regular and customary thing for the commonwealth to be harmonious in time of war and to be at odds in time of peace. All who assumed the consulship, being well aware of this, regarded it as an answer to prayer if a foreign war arose; and when their enemies were quiet, they themselves contrived grievances and excuses for wars, since they perceived that through its wars the commonwealth became great and flourishing, but through seditions humiliated and weak.
[3] τὰς στάσεις ταπεινὴν καὶ ἀσθενῆ. οἷς ὅμοια γνόντες οἱ τότε ὕπατοι στρατιὰν ἐξάγειν ἔκριναν ἐπὶ τοὺς πολεμίους δεδοικότες, μή τι διὰ τὴν εἰρήνην ἄρξωνται ταράττειν ἀργοὶ καὶ πένητες ἄνθρωποι, τοῦτο μὲν ὀρθῶς ἰδόντες, ὅτι δεῖ περισπᾶσαι τὸν ὄχλον ἐπὶ τοὺς ἔξω πολέμους, τὸ δὲ μετὰ τοῦτο οὐκ ὀρθῶς. δέον γὰρ αὐτοὺς ὡς ἐν νοσούσῃ πόλει μετρίαις χρῆσθαι ταῖς στρατολογίαις ἐπὶ τὸ βίᾳ προσαναγκάζειν τοὺς ἀπειθοῦντας ἐτράποντο, οὔτε παραίτησιν οὔτε συγγνώμην οὐδενὶ διδόντες οὐδεμίαν, ἀλλὰ ταῖς ἐκ τῶν νόμων τιμωρίαις εἴς τε τὰ σώματα καὶ τὰς οὐσίας αὐτῶν πικρῶς χρώμενοι.
[3] The consuls of that year, having come to this same conclusion, decided to make an expedition against the enemy, fearing that idle and poor men might because of the prevailing peace begin to raise disturbances; but though they were right in perceiving that the multitude ought to be kept employed in foreign wars, they erred in what they subsequently did. For, whereas they ought, in view of the sickly condition of the commonwealth, to have made the levies with moderation, they resorted instead to violence and compulsion in dealing with the disobedient, granting neither excuse nor pardon to anyone, but harshly imposing the penalties ordained by the laws upon both their persons and their property.
[4] ταῦτα ποιούντων αὐτῶν ἀφορμὴν αὖθις εἰλήφεσαν οἱ δήμαρχοι τοῦ δημαγωγεῖν τὰ πλήθη: καὶ συναγαγόντες εἰς ἐκκλησίαν τά τ᾽ ἄλλα τῶν ὑπάτων κατεβόων, καὶ ὅτι πολλοὺς τῶν πολιτῶν ἐκέλευσαν εἰς τὸ δεσμωτήριον ἀπάγειν τὴν [p. 63] δημαρχικὴν ἐξουσίαν ἐπικαλεσαμένους, τῆς τε στρατολογίας ἀπολύειν ἔφασαν αὐτοὶ δὴ μόνοι ἐξουσίαν ἐκ τῶν νόμων ἔχοντες. ὡς δ᾽ οὐθὲν ἐπέραινον, ἀλλ᾽ ἐπιστρεφεστέρας ἔτι τὰς καταγραφὰς ἑώρων γινομένας,
[4] While they were doing this, the tribunes took occasion to stir up the masses again with their harangues; and calling an assembly, they denounced the consuls on various scores, but particularly for having ordered many citizens to be haled to prison even though they had invoked the protection of the tribunes; and they said that they themselves on their own responsibility released the people from the levy, having as they did authority to do so under the laws.
[5] ἔργοις κωλύειν ἐπεβάλλοντο. ἀμυνομένων δὲ τῶν ὑπάτων καὶ τῷ κράτει τῆς ἀρχῆς ἐρεθισμοί τέ τινες ἐγίνοντο καὶ χειρῶν ἐπιβολαί. συνηγωνίζετο δὲ τοῖς μὲν ὑπάτοις ἡ τῶν πατρικίων νεότης, τοῖς δὲ δημάρχοις ὁ πένης καὶ ἀργὸς ὄχλος.
[5] When this had no effect and they saw the levies being carried out with still greater strictness, they undertook to obstruct them by deeds; and when the consuls resisted with the power of their magistracy also, there were sundry provocations and acts of violence. The consuls were supported by the young patricians, and the tribunes by the poor and idle multitude.
[6] ἐκείνην μὲν οὖν τὴν ἡμέραν παρὰ πολὺ κρείττους ἐγένοντο τῶν δημάρχων οἱ ὕπατοι, ταῖς δ᾽ ἑξῆς ἡμέραις πλείονος ὄχλου συρρέοντος εἰς τὴν πόλιν ἐκ τῶν ἀγρῶν, δόξαντες οἱ δήμαρχοι προσειληφέναι χεῖρα ἀξιόμαχον ἐκκλησίας τε συνεχεῖς ἐποιοῦντο καὶ τοὺς ὑπηρέτας κακῶς διακειμένους ἐκ τῶν πληγῶν ἐπεδείκνυσαν καὶ τὴν ἀρχὴν ἔλεγον ἀποθήσεσθαι, εἰ μή τις αὐτοῖς ἔσται παρὰ τοῦ δήμου βοήθεια.
[6] That day the consuls proved much superior to the tribunes; but in the course of the following days, as increasing numbers flocked into the city from the country, the tribunes thought they had now
acquired an adequate force, and holding one assembly after another, they exhibited their assistants, who were in a bad condition from the blows they had received, and said they would resign their magistracy if they did not get some assistance from the populace.
[1] συναγανακτοῦντος δ᾽ αὐτοῖς τοῦ πλήθους ἐκάλουν τοὺς ὑπάτους ἐπὶ τὸν δῆμον ὡς τῶν πεπραγμένων ὑφέξοντας λόγον. ὡς δ᾽ οὐ προσεῖχον αὐτοῖς ἐκεῖνοι τὸν νοῦν, ἐπὶ τὴν βουλὴν παρῆσαν — ἔτυχον γὰρ ὑπὲρ αὐτῶν τούτων συνεδρεύοντες — καὶ παρελθόντες ἐδέοντο μήθ᾽ αὑτοὺς τὰ αἴσχιστα πεπονθότας ὑπεριδεῖν μήτε τὸν δῆμον ἀφαιρεθέντα τὴν ἐξ αὐτῶν βοήθειαν, διεξιόντες ὅσα ἦσαν πεπονθότες [p. 64] ὑπὸ τῶν ὑπάτων καὶ τῆς περὶ αὐτοὺς συνωμοσίας οὐ μόνον εἰς τὴν ἐξουσίαν, ἀλλὰ καὶ εἰς τὰ
[34.1] The multitude sharing in their resentment, the tribunes summoned the consuls to appear before their assembly in order to render an account of their actions. But as these paid no heed to them, they went to the senate, which happened to be deliberating about this very matter, and coming forward, asked the members not to permit either the tribunes themselves to be treated in a most outrageous manner or the populace to be deprived of their assistance. They enumerated all the injuries they had received at the hands of the consuls and their faction, who had insulted not only their authority but also their persons;
[2] σώματα προπηλακισθέντες. ἠξίουν τε δυεῖν θάτερον ποιεῖν τοὺς ὑπάτους: εἰ μὲν ἀρνοῦνται μηδὲν ὧν οἱ νόμοι κεκωλύκασιν εἰς τὰ τῶν δημάρχων πλημμελῆσαι σώματα, παραγενομένους εἰς τὴν ἐκκλησίαν ἀπομόσαι, εἰ δ᾽ οὐχ ὑπομένουσι τὸν ὅρκον, ἥκειν ἐπὶ τοὺς δημότας λόγον ὑφέξοντας: ἀναδώσειν γὰρ ὑπὲρ αὐτῶν ταῖς φυλαῖς τὴν ψῆφον.
[2] and they asked that the consuls do one of two things — either, in case they denied that they had done any wrong against the persons of the tribunes contrary to the laws, that they go before the popular assembly and make their denial under oath, or, if they could not bring themselves to take that oath, that they appear before the plebeians to render an account of their conduct; and they (the tribunes) would take the vote of the tribes concerning them.
[3] οἱ δ᾽ ὕπατοι πρὸς ταῦτ᾽ ἀπελογοῦντο διδάσκοντες, ὅτι τῆς ὕβρεως οἱ δήμαρχοι ἄρξειαν αὐθαδείᾳ χρησάμενοι καὶ τολμήσαντες εἰς ὑπάτων σώματα παρανομεῖν, τὸ μὲν πρῶτον ὑπηρέταις τε καὶ ἀγορανόμοις ἐπιτάττοντες ἄγειν εἰς τὸ δεσμωτήριον ἄρχοντας, οἷς τὸ πάντων ἀποδέδοται κράτος, ἔπειτ᾽ αὐτοὶ τολμήσαντες ὁμόσε χωρεῖν σὺν τοῖς ἰταμωτάτοις τῶν δημοτικῶν:
[3] The consuls defended themselves against these charges by saying that the tribunes had begun the violence by their arrogant behaviour and by daring to commit lawless acts against the persons of the consuls, first by ordering their attendants and the aediles to hale to prison magistrates in whom the whole power of the commonwealth is vested, and later by entering the struggle themselves together with the boldest of the plebeians.
[4] τάς τε ἀρχὰς διδάσκοντες ὅσον ἀλλήλων διαφέρουσιν, ἡ μὲν ὑπατικὴ τὸ τῶν βασιλέων ἔχουσα κράτος, ἡ δὲ δημαρχικὴ τῆς βοηθείας ἕνεκα παρεληλυθυῖα τῶν κατισχυομένων, ᾗ τοσούτου δεῖν ἐξεῖναι κατὰ τῶν ὑπάτων τινὸς ψῆφον ἀναδιδόναι τοῖς ὄχλοις, ὥστε μηδὲ κατὰ τῶν ἄλλων πατρικίων τοῦ φαυλοτάτου ταύτην ἀποδεδόσθαι τὴν ἐξουσίαν, ἂν μὴ ἡ βουλὴ ψηφίσηται. ἠπείλουν τε, ὅταν ἐκεῖνοι ψῆφον ἀναδῶσι τοῖς δημόταις, αὐτοὶ τὰ ὅπλα περιθήσειν τοῖς πατρικίοις.
[4] They pointed out how great a difference there is between the two magistracies — between the consulship, in which the royal power resides, and the tribuneship, which was introduced for the relief of the oppressed and, far from having the right to take the vote of the masses against one of the consuls, has not been given authority to do so against even the meanest of the other patricians, unless the senate shall so vote. And they threatened that they themselves would arm the patricians when the tribunes should take the votes of the plebeians.
[5] τοιούτων δὴ ῥηθέντων λόγων [p. 65] δἰ ὅλης ἡμέρας οὐδὲν ἐξήνεγκεν ἡ βουλὴ τέλος, ἵνα μήτε τὴν τῶν ὑπάτων ἀρχὴν μειώσειε μήτε τὴν τῶν δημάρχων, ἑκάτερον ὁρῶσα μεγάλων κινδύνων αἴτιον ἐσόμενον.
[5] After such recriminations had lasted the whole day, the senate came to no decision, being unwilling to lessen the power of either the consuls or the tribunes, since they saw that either course would be stand attended with great dangers.
[1] ἐπεὶ δὲ κἀκεῖθεν ἀπηλάθησαν οἱ δήμαρχοι βοήθειαν οὐδεμίαν εὑρόμενοι, ἐσκόπουν αὖθις ὅ τι χρὴ ποιεῖν εἰς τὸν δῆμον ἀφικόμενοι. ἐνίοις μὲν οὖν ἐδόκει καὶ μάλιστα τοῖς ταραχωδεστάτοις ἀπιέναι πάλιν ἐκ τῆς πόλεως τοὺς δημοτικοὺς τὰ ὅπλα ἀναλαμβάνοντας εἰς τὸ ἱερὸν ὄρος, ἔνθα καὶ τὸ πρῶτον ἐστρατοπεδεύσαντο, καὶ τὸν πόλεμον ἐκεῖθεν ὁρμωμένους ποιεῖν πρὸς τοὺς πατρικίους, ἐπειδὴ τὰς συνθήκας ἔλυσαν ἐκεῖνοι τὰς γενομένας αὐτοῖς πρὸς τὸν δῆμον, καταλύοντες τὴν δημαρχικὴν ἐξουσίαν ἐκ τοῦ φανεροῦ.
[35.1] When the tribunes were repulsed there also, failing to get any help, they went again to the popular assembly and considered what they ought to do. Some, particularly the most turbulent, thought the plebeians should take arms and again withdraw from the city to the Sacred Mount, where they had encamped on the first occasion, and from there make war against the patricians, since these had violated the compact they had made with the populace by openly overthrowing the tribunician power.
[2] τοῖς δὲ πλείοσιν ἐδόκει μὴ παραχωρεῖν τῆς πόλεως μηδὲ κοινὰ πάντων ἐγκλήματα ποιεῖν, ὑπὲρ ὧν ἰδίᾳ τινὲς εἰς τοὺς δημάρχους παρενόμησαν, ἐὰν τὰ συγκεχωρημένα τοῖς νόμοις λαμβάνωσιν, οἳ κελεύουσιν ἢ ποινὴν τίνειν ἢ τεθνάναι τοὺς ὑβρίσαντας τὰ τῶν δημάρχων σώματα. τοῖς δὲ χαριεστέροις οὐδέτερον τούτων ἐφαίνετο καλῶς ἔχειν, οὔτε τὴν πόλιν ἐκλιπεῖν οὔτε φόνον ἄκριτον ἐπιτελεῖν, καὶ ταῦτα ὑπάτων, οἷς ἡ μεγίστη ὑπέκειτο ἀρχή, ἀλλ᾽ εἰς τοὺς συναγωνιζομένους [p. 66] αὐτοῖς μεταφέρειν τὴν ὀργήν, καὶ τὰς ἐκ τῶν νόμων τιμωρίας παρ᾽ ἐκείνων λαμβάνειν.
[2] But the majority thought they ought not to leave the city nor to bring charges against all the patricians as a body for the
lawless acts committed by some particular persons against the tribunes, provided they could obtain the relief offered by the laws, which ordain that those who have insulted the persons of the tribunes may be put to death with impunity. The more intelligent did not regard either course as fitting, either to leave the city or to put persons to death without a trial, and particularly consuls, who held the chief magistracy, but they advised them to transfer their resentment to those who were assisting the consuls and to exact from these the punishment ordained by the laws.
[3] εἰ μὲν οὖν ἐκείνην τὴν ἡμέραν θυμῷ φερόμενοι δρᾶσαί τι οἱ δήμαρχοι κατὰ τῶν ὑπάτων ἢ τῆς βουλῆς προήχθησαν, οὐθὲν ἂν ἦν τὸ κωλῦσον αὐτὴν ὑφ᾽ αὑτῆς ἀπολωλέναι τὴν πόλιν: οὕτως ἕτοιμοι πάντες ἦσαν ἐπὶ τὰ ὅπλα καὶ τὸν κατ᾽ ἀλλήλων πόλεμον. νῦν δ᾽ ἀναβαλόμενοι τὰ πράγματα καὶ δόντες ἑαυτοῖς χρόνον εἰς ἀμείνω λογισμὸν αὐτοί τε μετριώτεροι ἐγένοντο καὶ τὰς τῶν πολλῶν ὀργὰς ἐπράυναν.
[3] Now if the tribunes had been carried away by their passion that day to do anything against the consuls or the senate, nothing would have prevented the commonwealth from being destroyed by its own hands, so ready were all to rush to arms and engage in civil war. But as it was, by deferring matters and giving themselves time for better reasoning, they not only themselves grew more moderate, but also appeased the resentment of the multitude.
[4] ἔπειτα ταῖς ἑξῆς ἡμέραις τὴν τρίτην ἀπ᾽ ἐκείνης ἐσομένην ἀγορὰν προειπόντες, ἐν ᾗ τὸν δῆμον συνάξουσι καὶ ζημίαν ἐπιβαλοῦσι τοῖς ὑπάτοις ἀργυρικήν, διέλυσαν τὴν ἐκκλησίαν. ἐπεὶ δὲ πλησίον ἦν ὁ χρόνος, ἀπέστησαν καὶ ταύτης τῆς ἐπιβολῆς τῇ δεήσει τῶν πρεσβυτάτων τε καὶ ἐντιμοτάτων τὴν χάριν ἀνατιθέναι λέγοντες.
Delphi Complete Works of Dionysius of Halicarnassus (Illustrated) (Delphi Ancient Classics Book 79) Page 672