[←60]
Ahmakiq is the God of Agriculture. He locks up the wind when it threatens to destroy crops.
[←61]
Puh, ‘Place of Reeds’, is the name found for Teōtīhuacān in the hieroglyphic texts. The name Teōtīhuacān was given by the Nahuatl-speaking Aztecs centuries after the fall of the city around 550 A.D.
[←62]
Ya’ax-chich is Maya for ‘jade’.
[←63]
Chay is Maya for ‘obsidian’.
[←64]
Jäl is Maya for the ‘dried ear of corn’.
[←65]
Kakaw is Maya for ‘cacao’.
[←66]
Atz’am is Maya for ‘salt’.
[←67]
Pitz is the name of the ballgame played by the Maya. The action of play is Ti Pitziil in Classic Maya, and Chaaj in Ke’kchi.
[←68]
Ajchaq’e is Maya for ‘owner, master’.
[←69]
Ix-oop is Maya for the Scarlet Macaw, Ara macao. It is also known as Guacamaya Roja, Moo, and Ah-k’ota.
[←70]
Kinich Kakmo is a solar deity represented by a macaw parrot.
[←71]
Carmine is a crimson or purplish-red natural dye obtained from the scale insect cochineal, Dactylopius coccus, that lives on cacti and produces carminic acid. Cochineal dye was used by the Aztec and Maya people.
[←72]
Bate’ is maya for ‘spear’.
[←73]
To’bal-rib is Maya for ‘shield’.
[←74]
Q’aq’-puaq is Maya for ‘gold’.
[←75]
Pakal is a Maya male name meaning ‘shield’.
[←76]
Coatl is a Nahuatl male name meaning ‘snake’.
[←77]
Puh: The original name of Teōtīhuacān is unknown, but appears in hieroglyphic texts from the Maya region as Puh or “Place of reeds’. For more information on Puh, go to Note # 422.
[←78]
Zac-Cimi is one of the four gods of the cardinal points. He represents the west, ochk’in.
[←79]
The town priest was called Ah-k’in. The Ah-k’inob had the responsibility of conducting public and private rituals. The priests carrying out human sacrifice were Ah-nakom and they were of relatively low status. The priests giving oracles were Chilan or Chilam and they may have used mind-altering substances.
[←80]
Wik’iaq is Maya for ‘slingshot or sling’.
[←81]
Most Maya slaves did not have much to wear. Of those that did, the men had a piece of cloth wrapped around their waist to cover the genitals and women had a slightly larger piece of cloth to wrap around the body. Almost no slaves wore sandals.
[←82]
Itzamná, also known as God D, is one of the most important Maya gods. He was considered the creator of the world and the other deities and is connected with the Sacred World Tree, Yaxché. One of the manifestations of Itzamná is the Bird of Heaven, a bird often portrayed standing on top of the World Tree.
[←83]
Nim-q’ij is Maya for ‘Royal’ as in Royalty, Nobility, and the Elite.
[←84]
Tun is Maya for a period of 360 days.
[←85]
Alixel is Maya for ‘princess’.
[←86]
Moyolehuani is a unisexual Nahuatl name meaning ‘enamored one’.
[←87]
Maquahuitl: This weapon was a war club used to crush the enemy. The end was sometimes fitted with pieces of sharp obsidian. The maquahuitl was widely used.
[←88]
Saksa’ is Maya for ‘atol’ a traditional hot corn and massa (corn hominy flour) beverage.
[←89]
Tiáálinbil is a thick stew with meat seasoned with traditional herbal ingredients.
[←90]
Cuxtal: This is a colorful braided pouch-like cultural bag used by the Maya.
[←91]
Achcauhtli is a unisexual Nahuatl name meaning ‘Leader’
[←92]
Tlacaelel is a Nahuatl male name meaning ‘diligent person’.
[←93]
Alaxel is Maya for ‘Prince’.
[←94]
Iccauhtli is a Nahuatl male name meaning ‘younger brother’.
[←95]
Chaq’ is Maya for ‘younger brother’.
[←96]
Yaotl is a unisexual Nahuatl name meaning ‘war’ or ‘warrior’
[←97]
Oxwitik is likely the ancient name for Copan.
[←98]
Nabeal Mial is Maya for ‘firstborn daughter’.
[←99]
Cihuaton is a Nahuatl female name meaning ‘little woman’.
[←100]
Itotia is a unisexual Nahuatl name meaning ‘dance’.
[←101]
Tijonel is Ke’kchi for ‘teacher’.
[←102]
Tz’o ‘om is Maya for ‘brains’.
[←103]
Ch’ench’kil is Maya for ‘buttocks’.
[←104]
Q’oxow-chik is Maya for ‘to need to urinate or defecate’.
[←105]
Can-Tzicnal, Hozanek, Hobnil, and Zac-Cimi are the four Chac Gods. They represent the cardinal points: north (xaman), south (nohol), east (lak’in), and west (ochk’in), respectively.
[←106]
K’uutz is Maya for ‘marijuana’.
[←107]
Bul, also called Buul, Boolik or Puluc, is a running-fight board game originating in Mesoamerica, and is known particularly among several of the Maya peoples of the Guatemalan highlands. This ancient war game is played with grains of corn. There is a dice version called Haxbil-Bul. It is a game of chance.
[←108]
There are four gods, Bacabs, of the cardinal points of the compass. Connected with the worship of these Bacabs were four stones, the Red (East), White (North), Black (West), and Yellow (South) acantuns or stone stela. These stones were anointed with the blood of the worshipers. Kaán is the upper level of Yaxché.
[←109]
Ajwoyotz’ is the Mopan word for the kinkajou, Potos flavus. It is also called ‘night walker’.
[←110]
Haaleb is Maya for the ‘gibnut’, Cuniculuc paca, formerly known as Agouti paca.
[←111]
Sotz’ is Maya for the ‘common bat’.
[←112]
Kaka is Kriol for ‘excrement’.
[←113]
Quauhtli is a Nahuatl male name meaning ‘eagle’.
[←114]
Aq’abil is Maya for ‘dawn’ or ‘at dawn’.
[←115]
Chachalaca is the Plain Chachalaca, Ortalis vetula. The Belizean name is Cockrico. Other names are Chachalaca Vetula, Bach or Ixbach. It gets its name from its call: cha-cha-lac! cha-cha-lac!
[←116]
Kolol (Ke’kchi Maya) is known in Belize as the Partridge. It is the Great Tinamou: Tinamus major. It is also known as Tinamú Grande, Norn, Ix Mancolol, and Ixkolool (Mopan Maya).
[←117]
Tz’aqom is a large tamale taken on hunting and other trips.
[←118]
Pixtun is Ke’kchi for ‘thick tortilla’.
[←119]
Q’utuj is a drink made of corn dough and cacao.
[←120]
K’ab is Maya for ‘hand’. The sun’s movement between the horizon and being directly overhead at mid-day is measured by someone on the ground as six hand lengths. One hand is equivalent to one hour.
[←121]
Beya’ is Ke’kchi for ‘valley’.
[←122]
Nimal is Maya for ‘leader; chief; boss’.
[←123]
U-ye’el-toon is Maya for ‘testes’, or (vulgar) ‘balls’ when used as an exclamation.
[←124]
Achalal is Maya for ‘older brother’.
[
←125]
Chichu’ Ajawinel is Maya for ‘queen’.
[←126]
Pa’ Chan is the ancient name for Yaxchilan, located on the south bank of the Usumacinta River, at the apex of a horseshoe-shaped meander. The site lies in the state of Chiapas, on the Mexican side of the international border with Guatemala. Yaxun Bahlam III, also known as 6-Tun Bird Jaguar, and Bird jaguar II, was enthroned as king on September 15, 629. It is known that in 646 or 647, he captured a lord from the still unidentified site of Hiiz Witz, meaning Jaguar Hill, somewhere on the north side of the Usumacinta. It is believed to be centered on the sites of Pajaral, Zapote Bobal, and La Joyanca.
[←127]
Eme is a Maya female name meaning ‘Joy’.
[←128]
Huehuetlotl is a Maya male name for ‘God of Fire’.
[←129]
Tlachinolli is a unisexual Nahuatl name meaning ‘fire’.
[←130]
Ch’aw-baq is Ke’kchi for ‘bone flute’.
[←131]
La’j-tun is Ke’kchi for a ‘small drum’ used to dance at nighttime.
[←132]
Ch’o’ is Maya for ‘mouse’.
[←133]
Xwáay Chikoop (Ole Heg) is a creature of the Kechlaj Komon. Please see Appendix for a full describtion.
[←134]
Ja’-nima’ Beya’ is Maya for the ‘Motagua Valley’.
[←135]
Kechelaj Komon refers to all the Jungle Folk (Creatures) in the Sisimito Series.
[←136]
Kechelaj Jupuq is the Jungle Horde. In the Sisimito Series, this refers to all the animals under Sisimito’s (Mahanamatz) control
[←137]
Chimalli is a Nahuatl male name meaning ‘shield’.
[←138]
Necalli is a Nahuatl male name meaning ‘battle’.
[←139]
Coszatl is a Nahuatl female name meaning ‘jewel’.
[←140]
Ixtli is a Nahuatl female name meaning ‘face’.
[←141]
Cualli is a Nahuatl unisexual name meaning ‘good’.
[←142]
Itztli is a Nahuatl male name meaning ‘obsidian’ and ‘obsidian knife’.
[←143]
Ihuicatl is a Nahuatl unisexual name meaning ‘sky’.
[←144]
Ollin is a Nahuatl unisexual name meaning ‘movement’.
[←145]
Mazat is a Nahuatl male name meaning ‘deer’.
[←146]
Manauia is a Nahuatl unisexual name meaning ‘defend’.
[←147]
Nenetl is a Nahuatl female name meaning ‘doll’.
[←148]
Zeltzin is a Nahuatl female name meaning ‘delicate’.
[←149]
Ichtaca is a Nahuatl unisexual name meaning ‘secret’.
[←150]
Matlal is a Nahuatl male name meaning ‘dark green’ or ‘net’.
[←151]
Cipactli is a Nahuatl male name meaning ‘crocodile’.
[←152]
Cuauhtemoc is a Nahuatl male name meaning ‘descending eagle,”. It is also the name of the last Mexica emperor.
[←153]
Necahual is a Nahuatl female name meaning ‘survivor’ or ‘left behind’.
[←154]
Ohtli is a Nahuatl unisexual name meaning ‘road’.
[←155]
Ahuiliztli is a Nahuatl unisexual name meaning ‘joy’.
[←156]
Eleuia is a Nahuatl unisexual name meaning ‘wish’.
[←157]
Mecatl is a Nahuatl unisexual name meaning ‘rope’ or ‘lineage’.
[←158]
Iuitl is a Nahuatl unisexual name meaning ‘feather’.
[←159]
Yoloxochitl is a Nahuatl female name meaning ‘flower of the heart’.
[←160]
Zolin is a Nahuatl male name meaning ‘quail’.
[←161]
Mahuizoh is a Nahuatl unisexual name meaning ‘altar’.
[←162]
Nochehuatl is a Nahuatl male name meaning ‘consistent’.
[←163]
Momoztli is a Nahuatl unisexual name meaning ‘altar’.
[←164]
Chipahua is a Nahuatl unisexual name meaning ‘clean’.
[←165]
Ah-cox is the Maya name for the Crested Guan, Penelope purpurascens, known as ‘quam’ in Belize. Another name is Pava Cojolita.
[←166]
K’ambul is the Great Curassow, Crax rubra. It is also known as Hocofaisdn or Bolonchan
[←167]
Batlaas is Kriol for a small blood-sucking black fly.
[←168]
Shaat-jekit is Kriol for a fly that looks like a housefly, but smaller. It bites.
[←169]
Dakta-flai is Kriol for ‘doctor fly’, as it is known in Belize. It is one of the most serious biting fly pests. Its scientific name is Diachlorus ferrugatus (Fabricius).
[←170]
Please see Outlier Peak, Cockscomb Basin Wildlife Sanctuary, Belize, for more information.
[←171]
Sachoj is Maya for ‘viper’ or ‘poisonous snake’.
[←172]
Eex is Maya for ‘underwear’.
[←173]
Candiru, Vandellia cirrhosa, also known as canero, toothpick fish, or vampire fish, is a species of parasitic freshwater catfish in the family Trichomycteridae native to the Amazon Basin where it is found in the countries of Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru.
[←174]
Piitor is a Maya name fot the Keel-Billed Toucan, ramphastos sulfuratus. The Mopan call it Pän. Bill-bird is the Belizean nickname for the toucan.
[←175]
Xt’ut is Maya for the White-Crowned Parrot, Pionus senilis, also known as Perico Cabeza Blanca.
[←176]
Kaj-rochoch is Maya for ‘woodpecker’.
[←177]
Ts’unu’un is the general Maya name for the ‘hummingbird’.
[←178]
The Purple-Crowned Fairy, Heliothryx barroti, is an especially beautiful hummer and is also known as Chupaflor Enmascarado.
[←179]
Xhom-bzan is Maya for the Yellowtail bird, Psarocolius mantezuma, also known as Montezuma Oropendola and Zacua Mayor.
[←180]
Xan-cotí is the Maya name for the Spot-Breasted Wren, Thryothorus maculipectus, also known as Troglodita Pechimanchada.
[←181]
Kiaqxop is Maya for ‘rattlesnake’.
[←182]
In the Belize Defence Force, a soldier normally works a two-week period without weekend liberties. At the end of the two-week period, the weekend days are refunded to him/her. It is this block of days of liberty that is referred to as ‘stand-down’.
[←183]
Sisimito III--Topoxte Page 76