by Craig Murray
7 George De Lacey Evans, On the Designs of Russia, p. 23
8 George De Lacey Evans, On the Practicability of an Invasion of British India, pp. 96–8
9 NAI/For/Sec/19Feb1830/Nos.16–17
10 David Gillard: The Struggle for Asia 1828–1914, p. 30
11 Robert A Huttenback: British Relations with Sind 1799–1843, p. 19
12 J Abbott: Sind: A Reinterpretation, p. 69
13 Alice Albinia: Empires of the Indus, p. 32
14 David Gillard: The Struggle for Asia 1828–1914, p. 32
15 M E Yapp: Strategies of British India, p. 201
16 Edward Ingram: The Beginning of the Great Game in Asia, p. 64
17 NAI/For/Sec/23Apr1830/No.7
18 Jules Stewart: Spying for the Raj
19 MM/OffCorr/30Mar1831
20 BL/OIOC/L/PS/5/120/No.113
21 NAI/For/Sec/31Dec1830/Cons/No.7–9/f.7
22 Syad Muhammad Latif: Ranjit Singh, p. 44
23 NAI/For/Sec/31Dec1830/Cons/No.7–9/f.11
Chapter 7 The Shipwreck of Young Hopes
1 NAI For/Sec/31Dec/1830/Nos.7–9/f.5
2 IOR/F/4/1264/50869
3 NAI/For/Sec/Progs/14Jan–8Apr1831/f.8
4 MAS/MinuteBook/CD1/p. 15
5 MM/OffCorr/30Dec1830
6 MM/OffCorr/20Jan1830
7 NAI/For/Sec/25Nov1831/Cons/Nos.22–4/f.8
8 Alice Albinia: Empires of the Indus, p. 29
9 Transactions of the Bombay Geographical Society, Vol. 16, p. 61
10 NAI/For/Sec/Progs.14Jan–8Apr1831/f.298
11 NAI/For/Sec/25Nov1831/Cons/Nos.22–4/f.6
12 MM/OffCorr/20Jan1831
13 Different currencies existed across India, many called Rupee. The three Presidencies each had their own Company Rupee, of varying values. Even within Company territories some subsumed native rulers still issued their own currency.
14 NAI/For/Sec/Progs/14Jan–8Apr1831/f.298
15 MM/OffCorr
16 NAI/For/Sec/Progs/14Jan–8Apr183/f.299
17 NAI/For/Sec/Progs/14Jan–8Apr1831/f.12
18 NAI/For/Sec/Progs/14Jan–8Apr1831/f.14
19 NAI/For/Sec/14Jan–8Apr1831/Progs/f.314
20 NAI/For/Sec/14Jan–8Apr1831/Progs/f.313
21 NAI/For/Sec/14Jan–8Apr1831/Progs/f.320
22 NAI/For/Sec/14Jan–8Apr1831/Progs/f.321
23 NAI/For/Sec/8Apr1831/Cons/Nos.1–8/f.5
24 NAI/For/Sec/25Nov1831/Cons/Nos.22–4/f.11
25 Reaching the Indus in 1809, Mountstuart Elphinstone had recorded: ‘They believe we carried certain great guns, packed up in trunks; and that we had certain small boxes, so contrived as to explode, and kill half a dozen men each, without hurting us.’
26 NAI/For/Sec/14Jan–8Apr1831/Progs/f.427
27 NAI/For/Sec/14Jan–8Apr1831/Progs/f.428
28 NAI/For/Sec/14Jan–8Apr1831/Progs/f.324
29 NAI/For/Sec//14Jan–8Apr1831/Progs/f.323
30 NAI/For/Sec/14Jan–8Apr1831/Progs/f.325
31 NAI/For/Sec/14Jan–8Apr1831/Progs/f.430
32 MM/OffCorr/23Feb1831
33 NAI/For/Sec/14Jan–8Apr1831/Progs/f.435
34 NAI/For/Sec/14Jan–8Apr1831/Progs/f.436
35 NAI/For/Sec/14Jan–8Apr1831/Progs/f.437
36 NAI/For/Sec/14Jan–8Apr183/Progs/f.423
37 NAI/For/Sec//14Jan–8Apr1831/Progs/f.420
38 NAI/For/Sec/8Apr1831/Cons/Nos.1–8/f.8
39 NAI/For/Sec/14Jan–8Apr1831/Progs/f.448
40 NAI/For/Sec/14Jan–8Apr1831/Progs/f.446
41 NAI/For/Sec/14Jan–8Apr1831/Progs/f.444
42 NAI/For/Sec/14Jan–8Apr1831/Progs/f.442
43 NAI/For/Sec/14Jan–8Apr1831/Progs/f.457
44 NAI/For/Sec/14Jan–8Apr1831/Progs/f.458
45 NAI/For/Sec/14Jan–8Apr1831/Progs/f.440
46 NAI/For/Sec/14Jan–8Apr1831/Progs/f.448
47 MM/OffCorr/10Mar1833
Chapter 8 The Dray Horse Mission
1 Alexander Morrison: Twin Imperial Disasters, MS p. 25
2 M M Kessler: Ivan Viktorovich Vitkevich, p. 9
3 NAI/For/Sec/25Nov1831/Cons/Nos.22–4/ff.15–16
4 MM/Off/Corr/8Apr1831
5 MM/Off/Corr/4Apr1831
6 NAI/For/Sec/25Nov1831Cons/Nos.22–4/f.27
7 NAI/For/Sec/17Jun1831/Cons/Nos.8–10/f.9
8 NAI/For/Sec/17Jun1831/Cons/Nos.8–10/f.14
9 NAI/For/Sec/25Nov1831/Cons/Nos.22–4/f.37
10 NAI/For/Sec/17Jun1831/Cons/Nos.8–10/f.25
11 NAI/For/Sec/17Jun1831/Cons/Nos.8–10/f.26
12 NAI/For/Sec/17Jun1831/Cons/Nos.8–10/f.33
13 NAI/For/Sec/17Jun1831/Cons/Nos.8–10/f.35
14 NAI/For/Sec/25Nov1831/Cons/Nos.22–4/f.48
15 NAI/For/Sec/25Nov1831/Cons/Nos.22–4/f.49
16 NAI/For/Sec/25Nov1831/Cons/Nos.22–4/f.54
17 NAI/For/Sec/25Nov1831/Cons/Nos.22-4/f.57
18 NAI/For/Sec/25Nov1831/Cons/Nos.22-4/f.56
19 NAI/For/Sec/25Nov1831/Cons/Nos.22-4/f.59
20 MM/OffCorr/18May1831
21 NAI/For/Sec/9Sep1831/Cons/Nos.1–2/f.2
22 NAI/For/Sec/9Sep1831/Cons/No.3/f.4
23 NAI/For/Sec/8Jul–9Sep1831/f.1337
24 NAI/For/Sec/25Nov1831/Cons/Nos.22–4/f.77
Chapter 9 The Dazzling Sikhs
1 NAI/For/Sec/25Nov1831/Cons/Nos.22–4/ff.89–90
2 Khushwant Singh: Ranjit Singh, p. 167
3 NAI/For/Sec/25Nov1831/Cons/Nos.22–4/f.87
4 NAI/For/Sec/25Nov1831/Cons/Nos.22–4/f.124
5 NAI/For/Sec/Progs/8Jul–9Sep1831/f.1269
6 William Barr: Journal of a March, p. 101
7 M E Yapp: Strategies of British India, p. 191
8 NAI/For/Sec/25Nov1831/Cons/Nos.41–9/f.5
9 MM/Off/Corr/23Jan1831
10 NAI/For/Sec/Progs/8Jul–9 Sep1831/f.1166
11 Khushwant Singh: Ranjit Singh, p. 135
12 Grey and Garrett: European Adventurers of Northern India, p. 16
13 Jean-Marie Lafont: Maharaja Ranjit Singh: The French Connections, p. 154
14 NAI/For/Sec/25Nov1831/Cons/Nos.22–4/f.126
15 NAI/For/Sec/25Nov1831/Cons/Nos.22–4/f.126
16 NAI/For/Sec/25Nov1831/Cons/Nos.22-4/f.131
17 NAI/For/Sec/31Dec1830/Cons/Nos.7-9/f.19
18 NAI/For/Sec/25Nov1831/Cons/Nos.22-4/f.127
19 NAI/For/Sec/25Nov1831/Cons/Nos.41–9/f.9
20 J M Honigberger: Thirty-Five Years in the East, Vol. 1, p. 53
21 Charles Hugel: Travels in Kashmir and the Panjab, pp. 322–4
22 BL/IOR/MSS/EUR/E/161/3/f.23
23 NAI/For/Sec/16Apr1832/Cons/Nos.5–9
24 NAI/For/Sec/25Nov1831/Cons/Nos.22–4/f.131
25 NAI/For/Sec/8Jul–9Sep1831/Progs/f.1270
26 NAI/For/Sec/25Nov1831/Cons/Nos.22–4/f.134. ‘Haramzada’ means bastards.
27 E M Collingham: Imperial Bodies, p. 32
28 Victor Jacquemont: Correspondance, Vol. 2, p. 238
29 Carmichael Smith: A History of the Reigning Family of Lahore, p. 94
30 William Godolphin Osborne: The Court and Camp of Runjeet Sing, pp. 85–6
31 Victor Jacquemont: Correspondence, Vol. 2, p. 19
32 John Lawrence: Lawrence of Lucknow, p. 74
33 MM/OffCorr/20Aug1831
34 NAI/For/Sec/25Nov1831/Cons/Nos.41–9/f.1
35 NAI/For/Sec/8Jul-9Sep1831/f.1350
36 Calcutta Review, Vol. 2 (Oct–Dec 1844), p. 211
37 NAI/For/Sec/25Nov1831/Cons/Nos.41–9/f.33
38 MM/OffCorr/16Sep1831
39 NAS/GD45/5/80
40 NAI/For/Sec/25Nov1831/Cons/Nos.20–1/f.1
41 NAS/GD45/5/80/f.3
42 NAS/GD45/5/80/f.101
43 NAS/GD45/5/80/f.169
44 NAI/For/Sec/25Nov1831/Cons/Nos.22–4/f.163
Chapter 10 Rupar, the Field of the Cloth of Cashmere
1 Dennis Holman: Sikander Sahib, p. 7
2 MM/OffCorr/22Oct183
1
3 NAS/GD45/5/72
4 Victor Jacquemont: Correspondance, Vol. 2, p. 238
5 MM/OffCorr/31Oct1831
6 MM/OffCorr/14Nov1831
7 MM/Off/Corr/6Dec1831
8 MM/Off/Corr/25Nov1831
9 MM/Off/Corr/26Dec1831
10 MM/Off/Corr/15Mar1832
11 J W Kaye: Lives of Indian Officers, Vol. 2, p. 303
12 The Gentleman’s Magazine, Vol. 17 (Apr 1842), p. 435
13 MM/Off/Corr/19 Dec1831
Chapter 11 Journey through Afghanistan
1 James Lunt: Bokhara Burnes, p. 51
2 Alastair McKelvie: Monarchs of All They Surveyed, History Scotland, Vol. 7, No. 2, March–April 2007, pp. 45–52
3 Adam Kuper: Incest and Influence, pp. 172–8
4 W F B Laurie: Sketches of Some Distinguished Anglo-Indians, p. 385
5 Mohan Lal: Travels in the Panjab, Afghanistan and Turkistan, p. v
6 Shahamat Ali: The Sikhs and Afghans, p. vii
7 Hari Ram Gupta: Mohan Lal Kashmiri, p. 12
8 Khushwant Singh: Ranjit Singh, p. 181
9 Mountstuart Elphinstone: An Account of the Kingdom of Caubul, Vol. 1, p. 376
10 William H Dennie: Personal Narrative of the Campaigns, p. 8
11 Louis Dupree: Afghanistan, p. 65
12 Intelligence Branch, Indian Army: Frontier and Overseas Expeditions from India, Vol. 3, p. 287
13 J W Kaye: History of the War in Afghanistan, Vol. 1, p. 174
14 Charles Masson: Travels in Baluchistan, Vol. 2, p. 276
15 The Asiatic Journal and Monthly Register, Vol. 10, Jan–Apr 1833, p. 98
16 Hari Ram Gupta: Mohan Lal Kashmiri, p. 24
17 The Asiatic Journal and Monthly Register, Vol. 10, Jan–Apr 1833, p. 159
18 Muhin Shah had rescued Conolly in Herat when he was penniless, and accompanied him back to Delhi
19 Shah Mahmoud Hanifi: Connecting Histories in Afghanistan, p. 53
20 The Asiatic Journal and Monthly Register, Vol. 10, Jan–Apr 1833, p. 98
21 Robert Freke Gould: Military Lodges, p. 194
22 The Asiatic Journal and Monthly Register, Vol. 10, Jan–Apr 1833, p. 99
23 Josiah Harlan: A Memoir of India and Afghanistan, p. 120
24 Christine Noelle: State and Tribe in Nineteenth-Century Afghanistan, p. 13
25 NAI/For/Sec/24Dec1832/Cons/No.31/f.2
26 The Asiatic Journal and Monthly Register, Vol. 10, Jan–Apr 1833, p. 99
27 NAI/For/Sec/6Jun1833/no.8/f.2680
28 B D Hopkins: The Making of Modern Afghanistan, p. 145
29 The Asiatic Journal and Monthly Register, Vol. 12, Sep–Dec 1833, p. 113
30 The Asiatic Journal and Monthly Register, Vol. 10, Jan–Apr 1833, p. 100
31 J W Kaye: Lives of Indian Officers, Vol. 2, p. 31
32 The Asiatic Journal and Monthly Register, Vol. 10, Jan–Apr 1833, p. 100
33 Gray and Garrett: European Adventurers of Northern India, p. 189
34 MM/Off/Corr/11Jun1832
35 NAI/For/Sec/6Jun1833/Cons/Nos.1–10/f.2517
36 James Lunt: Bokhara Burnes, p. 89
37 Mohan Lal: Travels in the Panjab, Afghanistan and Turkistan, p. 82
38 The Asiatic Journal and Monthly Register, Vol. 10, Jan–Apr 1833, p. 159
39 The Asiatic Journal and Monthly Register, Vol. 12, Sep–Dec 1833, p. 115
40 Victor Jacquemont: Correspondence, Vol. 2, p. 359
41 The Asiatic Journal and Monthly Register, Vol. 12, Sep–Dec 1833, p. 116
42 The Asiatic Journal and Monthly Register, Vol. 10, Jan–Apr 1833, p. 159
43 NAI/For/Sec/12Feb1833/Cons/No.16/f.1
44 Hari Ram Gupta: Life and Work of Mohan Lal Kashmiri, p. 31
45 The Asiatic Journal and Monthly Register, Vol. 12, Sep–Dec 1833, p. 118
46 The Asiatic Journal and Monthly Register, Vol. 10, Jan–Apr 1833, p. 160
47 Peter Hopkirk: The Great Game, p. 145
48 John Martin Honigberger: Thirty-Five Years in the East, Vol. 1, p. xiii
49 Michael Fry: The Scottish Empire, p. 175
Chapter 12 To Bokhara and Back
1 Kathleen Hopkirk: Central Asia, p. 15
2 Alexander M Martin: Enlightened Metropolis, p. 259
3 NAI/For/Sec/6Jun1833/Cons/Nos.1–10/f.2528
4 NAI/For/Sec/24Dec1832/Cons/No.31/f.3
5 The Asiatic Journal and Monthly Register, Vol. 12, Sep–Dec 1833, p. 115
6 NAI/For/Sec/6Jun183/Nos.1–10/f.2521
7 WCL/BurnesJournal/1836–8/f.193
8 NAI/For/Sec/6Jun1833/Nos.1–10/f.2519
9 NAI/For/Sec/24Dec1832/No.31/f.4
10 NAI/For/Sec/6Jun1833/Nos.1–10/f.2539
11 Alexander Burnes: Travels into Bokhara, p. 43
12 NAI/For/Sec/6Jun1833/Nos.1–10/f.2553
13 Asiatic Journal and Monthly Register, Vol. 12, Sep–Dec 1833, p. 83
14 Gray and Garrett: European Adventurers, p. 194
15 BL/IOR/MSS/EUR/E/161/1/f.1
16 BL/IOR/E/4/743/f.75/para.171
17 MM/OffCorr/5Mar1833
18 NAI/For/Sec/6Jun1833/No.9/f.2691
19 NAI/For/Sec/6Jun1833/No.9/f.2692–3
20 Alastair McKelvie: To Bokhara with Burnes, History Scotland, Vol. 8, No. 2, p. 36
21 The Asiatic Journal and Monthly Register, Vol. 12, Sep–Dec 1833, p. 175
22 The American Quarterly Observer, April 1834, p. 392
23 BL/IOR/MSS/EUR/E/161/1/f.3
24 The Asiatic Journal and Monthly Register, Vol. 12, Sep–Dec 1833, p. 227
25 W F B Laurie: Sketches of Some Distinguished Anglo-Indians, p. 6
26 BL/IOR/MSS/EUR/E/161/1/f.3
Chapter 13 The Object of Adulation
1 Asiatic Journal, Vol. 12, Nov 1833, p. 190
2 http://www.mandurahcommunitymuseum.org/downloads%5CThe%20Hooghly.pdf
3 J W Kaye: Lives of Indian Officers, Vol. 2, p. 36
4 Christopher Hibbert: Queen Victoria, p. 10
5 Viscount Esher: The Girlhood of Queen Victoria, Vol. 1, p. 89
6 The Gentleman’s Magazine, Vol. 17, Apr 1842, p. 436
7 J W Kaye: Lives of the Indian Officers, Vol. 2, p. 37
8 NAS/GD45/5/72/2
9 G Buist: A Memoir of Sir Alexander Burnes, p. 21
10 A Adburgham: Silver Fork Society, p. 276
11 NLS/MSS/42048/f.27
12 Philip Guedalla: Bonnet and Shawl, p. 104
13 James Chambers: Palmerston, p. 88
14 A Adburgham: Silver Fork Society, p. 167
15 BL/EUR/MSS/F/88/92/ff.41–2
16 NLS/MSS/42048/f.3
17 BL/MSS/EUR/E/161/1/f.20
18 BL/IOR/L/AG/1/1/33/f.150
19 Montrose, Arbroath and Brechin Review, 17 January 1834
20 Montrose, Arbroath and Brechin Review, 21 February 1834
21 Robert Freke Gould: Military Lodges, p. 195
22 Freemason’s Quarterly Review, March 1842, p. 65
23 NLS/MSS/19586/f.9
24 NLS/MSS/42048/f.1
25 BL/EUR/MSS/F/88/92/ff.41–2
26 NLS/MSS/42048/f.5
27 NLS/MSS/42048/f.3
28 NLS/MSS/42048/f.31
29 NLS/MSS/42049
30 NLS/MSS/42048/f.17
31 Transactions of the Bombay Geographical Society, Vol. 6, p. viii
32 NLS/MSS/42048/f.33
33 NLS/MSS/42048/f.35
34 The Spectator, Vol. 7, 1834, p. 160
35 J W Kaye: Lives of Indian Officers, Vol. 2, p. 36
36 W F B Laurie: Sketches of Some Distinguished Anglo-Indians, p. 12
37 BL/IOR/MSS/EUR/E/161/3/f.16
38 BL/MSS/EUR/E/161/1/f.28
39 BL/MSS/EUR/E/161/1/f.15
40 Norman Gash: Aristocracy and People, p. 36
41 PRO/Prob/11/1980/261
42 William Dalrymple: White Mughals, p. xlix
43 NAI/For/Sec/28Sep1842/Cons/Nos.33–42/p. 25
44 NLS/MSS/42048/f.
23
45 NLS/MSS/42048/f.25
46 NLS/MSS/42048/f.31
47 BL/MSS/EUR/B256
48 NLS/MSS/42048/f.35
49 R F Gould : ‘The Chevalier Burnes’
50 NLS/MSS/42048/f.40
51 NLS/MSS/42048/f.21
52 BL/Add/Mss/14382/f.47
53 Norman Gash: Aristocracy and People, p. 175
54 W Broadfoot: The Career of Major George Broadfoot, p. 123
55 J W Kaye: Lives of Indian Officers, Vol. 2, p. 85
56 NLS/MSS/42048/f.42
Chapter 14 Castles – and Knights Templar – in the Air
1 James Burnes, A Sketch of the History of the Knights Templar, pp. 40 and 60–62
2 W A Laurie: A Memoir of James Burnes, p. 8
3 Nicholas Harris Nicolas: History of the Orders of Knighthood, Vol. 4, p. 72
4 Robert Freke Gould: ‘The Chevalier Burnes’
5 John C Cunningham: The Last Man, p. 27
6 W A Laurie: A Memoir of James Burnes, p. 8
7 A G Mackey: The History of Freemasonry, Vol. 5, p. 1357
8 Robert Freke Gould: Military Lodges, p. 195
9 Robert Bigsby: Memoir, p. 206
10 Confirmed by the Lyon Office
11 Court Circular, 3 July 1858
12 Robert Bigsby: Memoir of the Illustrious and Sovereign Order of St John of Jerusalem p. 88
13 The Gentleman’s Magazine and Historical Review, January to June 1863, p. 118
14 W A Laurie: A Memoir of James Burnes, p. 9
15 Maurice Lindsay: Robert Burns, p. 49
16 R F Gould: The Chevalier Burnes in Ars Quatuor Coranatorum, Vol.XII, 1899
17 Robert Freke Gould: Military Lodges, p. 197
18 D F Wadia: History of Lodge Rising, p. 2
19 R F Gould : ‘The Chevalier Burnes’
20 Rudyard Kipling: Something of Myself, pp. 53, 42
21 Ben Macintyre: Josiah the Great,, p. 310. Unfortunately Macintyre makes the groundless claim that Kipling used Josiah Harlan as his model for Danny ‘Sikander’ Dravot.
22 David Gilmour: The Long Recessional, p. 37
23 Robert Freke Gould: Military Lodges, p. 195
24 Mountstuart Elphinstone: An Account, Vol. 1, p. 273
25 Ben Macintyre: Josiah the Great, p. 148
26 Robert L D Cooper: Cracking the Freemason’s Code, p. 43
27 Alexander Burnes: Travels into Bokhara, p. 471
28 Alan Moorhead: The White Nile, p. 80
29 http://www.theislandwiki.org/index.php/Stirling_Castle
30 Robert Bigsby: Memoir, p. 34
31 Email from the Lyon Office, 24 April 2012
32 http://www.lck2.co.uk/Robert_Burns_and_The_Lodge.html
33 http://www.lck2.co.uk/Rudyard_Kipling.html
34 Sean Connery and Murray Grigor: Being A Scot, p. 117
Chapter 15 To Meet upon the Level