by Ben Yagoda
   Schwartz, Jonathan. All in Good Time: A Memoir. New York: Random House, 2004.
   Secrest, Meryle. Somewhere for Me: A Biography of Richard Rodgers. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2001.
   Segrave, Kerry. Payola in the Music Industry: A History, 1880–1991. Jefferson, NC: McFarland, 1994.
   Seldes, Gilbert. The 7 Lively Arts. New York: Harper & Brothers, 1924.
   Shaw, Arnold. Lingo of Tin-Pan Alley. New York: Broadcast Music, 1950.
   ———. The Rockin’ 50s. New York: Hawthorn Books, 1974.
   Sheed, Wilfrid. The House That George Built: With a Little Help from Irving, Cole, and a Crew of About Fifty. New York: Random House, 2007.
   Shipton, Alyn. I Feel a Song Coming On: The Life of Jimmy McHugh. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 2009.
   Simon, George T. The Big Bands. New York: Macmillan, 1967.
   Sondheim, Stephen. Finishing the Hat: Collected Lyrics (1954–1981), with Attendant Comments, Principles, Heresies, Grudges, Whines, and Anecdotes. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2010.
   Spitz, Bob. The Beatles: The Biography. New York: Little, Brown, 2005.
   Suisman, David. Selling Sounds: The Commercial Revolution in American Music. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2009.
   Teachout, Terry. Duke: A Life of Duke Ellington. New York: Gotham Books, 2013.
   Tormé, Mel. My Singing Teachers. New York: Oxford University Press, 1994.
   Townsend, Peter. Pearl Harbor Jazz: Change in Popular Music in the Early 1940s. Jackson: University Press of Mississippi, 2007.
   U.S. Congress. House Antitrust Subcommittee of the Committee on the Judiciary, House of Representatives. Monopoly Problems in Regulated Industries. Part 2, vol. 3, 84th Cong., 2nd sess., 1956.
   U.S. Congress. Senate Subcommittee on Communications of the Committee on Interstate and Foreign Commerce. Amendment to the Communications Act of 1934 (Prohibiting Radio and Television Stations from Engaging in Music Publishing or Recording Business). 85th Cong., 2nd sess., 1958.
   Wald, Elijah. How the Beatles Destroyed Rock ’n’ Roll: An Alternative History of American Popular Music. New York: Oxford University Press, 2009.
   Ward, Ed, Geoffrey Stokes, and Ken Tucker. Rock of Ages: The Rolling Stone History of Rock & Roll. New York: Rolling Stone Press/Summit Books, 1986.
   Webb, Jimmy. Tunesmith: Inside the Art of Songwriting. New York: Hyperion, 1998.
   Weller, Sheila. Girls Like Us: Carole King, Joni Mitchell, Carly Simon—and the Journey of a Generation. New York: Atria, 2008.
   Weston, Paul, and Jo Stafford. Song of the Open Road: An Autobiography and Other Writings. Edited by Keith Pawlak. Albany, GA: BearManor Media, 2012.
   Whitburn, Joel. Pop Hits, 1940–1954. Menomonee Falls, WI: Record Research, 1994.
   Whiteman, Paul, and Mary Margaret McBride. Jazz. New York: J. H. Sears, 1926.
   Whiteside, Jonny. Cry: The Johnnie Ray Story. New York: Barricade Books, 1994.
   Wilder, Alec. American Popular Song: The Great Innovators: 1900–1950. New York: Oxford University Press, 1972.
   Wilentz, Sean. 360 Sound: The Columbia Records Story. San Francisco: Chronicle Books, 2011.
   Wilk, Max. They’re Playing Our Song. Revised edition. New York: New York Zoetrope, 1986.
   Wilson, Edmund. The Twenties: From Notebooks and Diaries of the Period. New York: Farrar, Straus & Giroux, 1975.
   Yardley, Jonathan. Ring: A Biography of Ring Lardner. New York: Random House, 1977.
   Zak, Albin. I Don’t Sound Like Nobody: Remaking Music in 1950s America. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 2010.
   Zinsser, William. Easy to Remember: The Great American Songwriters and Their Songs. Jaffrey, NH: David R. Godine, 2001.
   Zollo, Paul. Songwriters on Songwriting. Cincinnati: Writer’s Digest Books, 1991.
   INDEX
   The page numbers in this index refer to the printed version of this book. To find the corresponding locations in the text of this digital version, please use the “search” function on your e-reader. Note that not all terms may be searchable.
   Abbott, George, 81, 84–85, 155–56, 163, 167, 209
   Aberle, George (eden ahbez), 126
   “Ac-cent-tchu-ate the Positive,” 5
   Ackerman, Paul, 232–33
   “Act Naturally,” 261
   Acuff, Roy, 93
   Adams, Lee, 163, 218
   Adams, Stanley, 192
   Adamson, Harold, 87
   “Adelaide’s Lament,” 156
   Adler, Lou, 255
   Adler, Richard (Dick), 149, 151, 154–55, 160–61, 163, 167
   Affair to Remember, An (movie), 108
   African-Americans: ASCAP treatment of, 43n; BMI-licensed compositions, 93; dances, 54–55; hot jazz style, 65–66; influence on white writers, 51–52; R&B sounds and teenage audience, 176–77; rock songs and performers, 180–81; soul music, 244, 248–49; urban centers, 247–48
   “After the Ball,” 31
   Aiken, Clay, 124
   “Ain’t She Sweet,” 79, 223
   “Ain’t That Peculiar,” 249
   “Ain’t We Got Fun,” 59
   “Alabama Jubilee,” 79
   Aladdin (TV show), 216
   Aldon Music, 252–54
   Alexander, Arthur, 245
   “Alexander’s Ragtime Band,” 7, 37
   “All Aboard for Dixieland,” 79
   “All I Have to Do Is Dream,” 244, 245
   “All or Nothing at All,” 19–20, 64, 92
   “All Shook Up,” 178
   “All the Things You Are,” 77
   “All the Way,” 183
   “All This and Heaven Too,” 74
   Allen, Robert, 205
   “Almost Like Being in Love,” 107
   “Alone Together,” 234
   Alpert, Herb, 255
   Altman, Arthur, 61–64
   “Always,” 3, 18
   American Federation of Musicians (AFM), 94–95, 113, 129, 132, 166
   American Folk Songs (Stafford), 121
   “American Pie,” 210
   Americanization of Emily, The (movie), 207
   Ames Brothers, 153
   Amis, Kingsley, 113
   “And So to Bed,” 57
   And Then I Wrote (Nelson), 246
   Andrews, Julie, 208–9
   Andrews Sisters, 94, 95, 96
   Anka, Paul, 210
   “Anna (Go to Him),” 261
   Annie Get Your Gun (Broadway show), 8, 106, 107
   “Annie Had a Baby,” 180
   “Another Saturday Night,” 255
   “Any Day Now,” 250
   “Any Old Place with You,” 221
   “Anyone Who Had a Heart,” 251
   Anything Goes (Broadway show), 40–41
   “Are You from Dixie?,” 79
   Arlen, Harold: early life and career, 72–73; Broadway work, 108, 216; disillusionment with new music, 222; among great writers, 4; Hollywood work, 4, 49, 76, 216; work with black musicians, 52
   Armstrong, Louis, 114, 218, 230, 231
   Arnaz, Desi, 96
   “As Time Goes By,” 6, 90
   ASCAP: antitrust suit against BMI, 21–23, 186–87, 196–97, 220; competition and dispute with BMI, 20–21; congressional hearings on conflict with BMI, 144–46, 187–96; prohibition of Broadway collaboration with BMI writers, 172; radio boycott of ASCAP-licensed songs, 21, 83–86, 93; royalty collection and distribution system, 7, 41–43
   Astaire, Fred, 5, 6, 16, 108, 230
   Astaire Story, The, 230
   Autry, Gene, 8, 21, 123–24, 195
   “Autumn Leaves,” 203
   Avakian, George, 205, 234
   Avalon, Frankie, 210
   Avery, Sid, 227
   “Baby, Baby, Baby,” 153r />
   “Baby, It’s Cold Outside,” 155
   “Baby It’s You,” 250
   Bacharach, Burt, 12, 150, 151, 152–53, 207–8, 249–52
   Baez, Joan, 212–13
   Bagdasarian, Ross, 142
   Bailey, Mildred, 68
   baion beat, 250, 254
   Baker, Chet, 233
   Baker, LaVern, 181
   “Ballad of the Sad Young Men, The,” 236
   Ballads (Coltrane), 235
   Ballard, Hank, 176
   Ballard, Pat, 183–84
   “Baltimore, Md., You’re the Only Doctor for Me,” 14
   “Band of Gold,” 141, 203
   Band Wagon, The (movie), 16
   bands: arrangers and arrangements, 56, 65–67, 70–71; ASCAP radio boycott, 93; dance music, 55–56; hot jazz, 65–66; Petrillo Ban, 94; pop songs, 69; sentimental music, 115–17; songwriters, 72–76; sweet vs. swing, 65–69, 71–72, 115–16; vocalists, 68–69, 91–92; wartime and postwar, 95, 111–12
   “Barbara Allen,” 121
   Barer, Marshall, 162
   Barkleys of Broadway, The (movie), 108
   Barnet, Charlie, 66, 234
   Barry, Jeff, 255
   Barry, John, 207
   Barton, Eileen, 18
   Basie, Count, 66, 115
   “Baubles, Bangles and Beads,” 159
   Baxter, Les, 28, 203
   “Be Careful, It’s My Heart,” 92
   “Be My Baby,” 255, 259
   Beach Boys, 213, 259
   Beatles, 11–12, 179, 213, 223, 261
   bebop, 113–14, 125, 234
   “Because of You,” 24
   “Begin the Beguine,” 6
   Belafonte, Harry, 161, 211
   Bells Are Ringing, The (Broadway show), 214
   Bennett, Tony, 9, 24, 126, 141, 160, 204, 213, 232
   Bergman, Alan and Marilyn, 208
   Berigan, Bunny, 6, 69
   Berlin, Irving: background and early work, 7, 36–37; Broadway work, 8, 47, 106, 215; dance theme, 56; Hollywood work, 5, 49, 105, 215; introverted personality, 38; lyrical qualities, 3, 88, 249; royalty earnings, 7–8, 41; on syncopated rhythms, 52; wartime song, 87; “White Christmas,” 7–8, 88–89, 123
   Bernstein, Leonard, 106, 214
   Berry, Chuck, 181, 210, 246
   “Best Is Yet to Come, The,” 237
   “Between the Devil and the Deep Blue Sea,” 1, 73
   “Bewitched, Bothered and Bewildered,” 180
   Bey, Andy, 29
   Beyond Glory (movie), 102
   “Beyond the Sea,” 20
   “Bibbidi-Bobbidi-Boo,” 151
   big bands. See bands
   Big Clock, The (movie), 102
   Billboard charts and categories, 7, 71, 93, 176
   “Bim Bam Baby,” 25
   “Black Is the Color of My True Love’s Hair,” 121
   Blackboard Jungle (movie), 173
   blacks. See African-Americans
   Blaine, Hal, 256
   Blake, Eubie, 52
   Blanc, Mel, 226
   Blane, Ralph, 84, 89
   Blitzstein, Marc, 106
   “Blizzard of Lies,” 240
   Block, Martin, 129–30
   Bloom, Rube, 232
   Blossom Time (Broadway show), 48
   Blowers, Johnny, 25
   “Blue Christmas,” 123
   Blue Moods (Davis), 233–34
   “Blue Moon,” 223
   Blue Stars of France, 236
   “Blue Suede Shoes,” 11
   “Blue Xmas (to Whom It May Concern),” 236
   “Blueberry Hill,” 222
   blues, 52, 98
   “Blues in the Night,” 69, 74
   BMI: ASCAP antitrust suit against, 21–23, 186–87, 196–97, 220; congressional hearings on conflict with ASCAP, 144–46, 187–96; inception as ASCAP competitor, 20–21, 83; musical styles and artists favored, 21, 118, 194–95; radio boycott of ASCAP-licensed songs, 21, 83–86, 93
   Bock, Jerry, 151, 162, 167, 217, 218
   “Body and Soul,” 6, 60
   Bolton, Guy, 47
   Bonanza (TV show), 210
   Booker T. and the MGs, 244
   Boone, Pat, 181
   “Born Too Late,” 217–18
   bossa nova, 237–39
   “Boston Beguine,” 161
   Boswell Sisters, 6
   “Boy Next Door, The,” 232
   Boyd, Jimmy, 24, 123
   Brand, Oscar, 23
   “Break the News to Mother,” 31
   Breakfast at Tiffany’s (movie), 207
   Brewer, Teresa, 27n, 119, 150, 153, 164
   Brice, Fanny, 53
   Brigadoon (Broadway show), 106, 107
   Brill Building, 4, 19, 149–51
   “Bring It on Home to Me,” 255
   Broadway: cast recordings, 200; downward trend, 214–20; maturation of stories and song lyrics, 47–49; musicals and revues, 4, 47, 161–62; postwar resurgence, 104–8; prohibition of ASCAP–BMI collaboration, 172; songwriter revenue from, 7, 48; as source of standards, 5–6
   “Broadway Baby,” 152
   “Brother, Can You Spare a Dime?,” 46
   Brown, Charles, 176
   Brown, Les, 112
   Brown, Nacio Herb, 13, 164
   Brown, Ray, 230
   Brown, Roy, 180
   Brown, Ruth, 176
   Browne, Jackson, 263
   Brubeck, Dave, 114, 238
   Bryant, Boudleaux and Felice, 245, 246
   Buck, Gene, 87
   Buckley, Jeff, 263
   Burke, Johnny, 5, 74
   Burlingame, Jon, 207–8
   Burton, James, 256
   “But Beautiful,” 9, 74
   “But Not for Me,” 235
   Butler, Jerry, 247, 250, 257
   “Buttons and Bows,” 102–3, 118
   By the Beautiful Sea (Broadway show), 15–16, 27–29
   “By the Light of the Silvery Moon,” 146
   “By the Time I Get to Phoenix,” 259
   Bye Bye Birdie (Broadway show), 117, 218, 252
   “Bye Bye Love,” 245
   Byrd, Charlie, 238
   Caddy, The (movie), 108
   Caesar, Irving, 46
   Cahn, Sammy, 54, 75, 88, 106, 183, 200, 209, 229
   Cain, Jackie, 235–36
   Call Me Madam (Broadway show), 8, 215
   Calloway, Cab, 69
   Campbell, Glen, 256, 257
   “Can I Get a Witness?,” 249
   “Canadian Sunset,” 150
   Candide (Broadway show), 214
   “Can’t Buy Me Love,” 213
   Capitol Records: artists and recordings, 28, 94, 99–100, 119, 137, 202, 227; Cole contract, 124, 126–27; inception and artistic focus, 93–94, 226; Sinatra contract, 25, 146, 166, 226–27
   Capote, Truman, 216
   Carmichael, Hoagy, 3, 55, 69, 72, 75, 158–59
   Carnival (Broadway show), 218
   “Caroline, No,” 12, 259–60
   Carousel (Broadway show), 104
   Carter, Benny, 112
   Casa Loma Orchestra, 56, 66
   Casablanca (movie), 90
   Cash, Johnny, 246
   Castle, Vernon and Irene, 54
   “Castle Rock,” 142–43
   “Cat and the Canary, The,” 99
   Celler, Emanuel, 144–45, 188–90
   “Chains,” 253, 261
   “Chances Are,” 185, 205
   Chandler, Karen, 153
   “Change Partners,” 56
   “Chant of the Jungle,” 60
   Charade (movie), 207
   Charlap, Bill, 2–3, 242
   Charlap, Morris “Moose,” 151, 164–65, 168–71, 172
   Charles, Ray, 180, 243–44
   Charnin, Martin, 221
   “Cheek to Cheek,” 5, 6, 56, 229
   Cher, 256
   “Cherokee,” 234
   Cherry, Don, 141, 203
   Chet Baker Sings, 233
   “Chim Chim Cher-ee,” 209
   Chords, 180–81
   Christmas music, 123–25
   “Christmas Song, The,” 124–25
   Christy, June, 231
   Cinderella (movie), 106, 151
   Cinderella (TV show), 200
   Clark, Dick, 198, 199, 210
   Clark, Guy, 262–63
   Clark, Kenneth S., 56, 60
   Clarke, Donald, 135–36
   “Climb Ev’ry Mountain,” 105
   Cline, Patsy, 245, 246
   Clooney, Rosemary, 19, 24, 91, 118, 141–42, 164, 206
   Cochran, Hank, 245
   Cohan, George M., 34, 35
   Cohen, Leonard, 263
   “Cold, Cold Heart,” 141
   Cole, Nat “King,” 94, 124–27, 197, 199, 204–5
   Coleman, Cy, 151, 152, 161, 217, 237
   Coleman, Larry, 150, 171
   Collins, Al “Jazzbo,” 131
   Collins, Judy, 258
   Coltrane, John, 235
   Columbia Records: artists and recordings, 18, 201, 203, 205, 206, 212, 232, 234, 260–61; in BMI consortium, 20, 22; LP format and recording genres, 200, 210–11, 219; personnel, 139, 201, 205, 212, 219; Petrillo Ban, 94; popular music approach, 24; Sinatra contract, 25, 142, 144. See also Miller, Mitch
   Comden, Betty, 169
   Come Dance with Me! (Sinatra), 229
   Come Fly with Me (Sinatra), 229
   “Come On-a My House,” 24, 134–35, 141–42
   “Comin’ Home, Baby,” 239
   “Comin’ in on a Wing and a Prayer,” 87
   Como, Perry, 17, 92, 94, 96, 126, 199, 204, 250, 263
   Conniff, Ray, 141, 203, 205, 211
   Cooke, Sam, 247, 255
   Cookies, 253
   Coolidge, Arlan, 193
   Copas, Cowboy, 160
   Copland, Aaron, 121
   Copper Canyon (movie), 102
   copyright law, 7, 38–39, 41–42, 128–29, 181
   Co-Sines, 252
   Costa, Don, 119
   “Cottage for Sale, A,” 122
   “Count Your Blessings (Instead of Sheep),” 3, 215
   country music, 93, 118–19, 160, 176, 194–95, 243–44
   Cover Girl (movie), 15
   “Cow-Cow Boogie,” 94
   Craig, Francis, 117