The absolute proof came in Halifax a few weeks later, when the renowned marine archaeologist James Delgado sat down and systematically compared the video images with the original blueprints of Carpathia. The rudder, the propellers, the sternpost, the position of the portholes all matched. Delgado made the final pronouncement.
“Carpathia has been found!”
Thanks to the crew of the Ocean Venture and John Davis, the search is over. Here at last was the ship forever tied to that fateful day in April 1912. I can’t help but wonder who will be the next to see her bones. She has no treasure on board, certainly not in the usual sense. However, in the glass case in the purser’s office are the many medals, cups, plaques, and mementos commemorating her gallant role in rescuing the Titanic survivors. But I doubt they can be recovered, so deep are they within the collapsed superstructure. Carpathia’s trophies will probably rest with her forever.
She lies in five hundred feet of water about three miles from the original Carpathia coordinates and a hundred and twenty miles off Fastnet, Ireland. Somehow, it almost seems fitting that she joined the White Star liner in the depths of the cruel sea.
NUMA and ECO-NOVA are proud to have recaptured a celebrated piece of history. Carpathia left us all with an inspiring legend that will be cherished by all who love the sea and her rich history.
PART ELEVEN
L’Oiseau Blanc
I
The White Bird 1927
“SEEMS LIKE IT’S A FIFTY-FIFTY PROPOSITION,” CHARLES Nungesser noted.
“And how do you figure that?” François Coli asked.
The men were standing on the packed dirt at La Bourget Airfield outside Paris. Nungesser was a handsome man with a rakish air. His chin sported a scar from one of his many crashes during World War I, but his eyes still burned with an intensity that showed no fear. Coli was more compact, with a jaded air about him. His upper lip was covered with a bushy black mustache. A black patch covered the eye he had lost in the Great War, and his cheeks were becoming jowls. Coli’s double chin was resting on a silk flight scarf.
“Either we take off in this fuel-laden beast,” Nungesser said, “or we crash.”
“Flip of the coin,” Coli said.
“Soar into greatness,” Nungesser said, “or burn into history.”
“You make it sound so fun,” Coli said wearily.
To attempt the risky Paris—to—New York flight, Nungesser and Coli were inspired by glory, not money. The money due the winner of the Orteig Prize had awaited a claimant since 1919. Raymond Orteig, owner of the fashionable Brevoort and Lafayette Hotels in Paris, offered $25,000 to the first airplane that completed a Paris—to—New York or New York—to—Paris nonstop flight. While $25,000 was not an inconsequential sum, the acclaim that would be garnered by the winners was priceless.
Whoever won the Orteig Prize would be the world’s most famous living person.
THE PRIOR YEAR, fellow Frenchman Rene Fonck, the leading Allied fighter pilot in World War I, made an attempt. The flight had ended in disaster. Fonck’s Sikorsky S-35 crashed on takeoff from Roosevelt Field in New York with a crew of four. Fonck and his copilot lived, but the radio operator and the mechanic aboard perished in the flames.
Commander Richard Byrd, famed for his exploration of the North Pole, assembled a crack team to make an attempt. A modified Fokker trimotor, similar to the plane Byrd had used for his North Pole journey, was selected. On April 16, Anthony Fokker, Byrd, pilot Floyd Bennett, and a radio man crashed while landing on a final test flight. No one was killed, but three of the four aboard were injured.
Ten days later, another group mounted an effort. With sponsorship from a U.S. group of war veterans named the American Legion, Lieutenant Commander Noel Davis bought a Key-stone Aircraft Corporation Pathfinder. When performing the final tests at Langley Field in Virginia, the Pathfinder went down, killing both Davis and his copilot, Stanton Wooster.
Next to tempt fate was Clarence Chamberlin in a Wright-Bellanca WB-2. Chamberlin and copilot Bert Acosta tested the plane, named Columbia, by staying aloft for a little over fifty-one hours, a new world’s record and more than enough time to reach Paris. On one of their last test flights, they lost their left wheel after takeoff. Chamberlin managed to land, but the damage to the plane would require time to fix.
AT THE SAME time, in San Diego, at the Ryan Aircraft Company, a former mail pilot named Charles Lindbergh was waiting for a low-pressure area to lift over the Rockies so he could fly east to make a solo attempt. He was sitting on a wooden folding chair in the hangar next to his plane, Spirit of St. Louis, studying the current weather reports, when the news reached him that Nungesser and Coli would soon take off from Paris.
The date was May 8, 1927.
“MONSIEUR,” THE MECHANIC said quietly, “the time is here.”
It was 3 A.M., the darkest part of night. Nungesser and Coli were lying on wooden pallets covered by thick horsehair mattresses in a comer of the hangar at La Bourget Airfield. Nungesser was clutching his favorite war medal; Coli had removed his eye patch. They awoke immediately. Nungesser reached for the steaming cup of Viennese coffee the mechanic offered, while Coli sat upright and stared at the plane that would carry them into the history books.
L’Oiseau Blanc (The White Bird) was a French-built Levasseur PL-8. The white biplane had detachable wheels that would be jettisoned after takeoff and a watertight belly made of treated plywood that allowed it to land on water like a seaplane. Powered by a sophisticated water-cooled, twelve-cylinder Lorraine-Dietrich engine that produced 450 horsepower, spinning a massive propeller designed to fold away for landing, the plane had the smooth good looks of a dove in flight.
“She’s a beautiful mistress,” Coli said, as he pulled the eye patch over his socket.
“So much more so,” Nungesser said, “with the emblem attached.”
Coli simply smiled.
Nungesser’s ego was exceeded only by his flying ability. When he had insisted on attaching his personal emblem, Coli had readily agreed. The emblem was a black heart with drawings of twin candelabra holding lighted candles pointing toward the round humps at the top. Between the candles was a drawing of a casket with a cross on the top. Below that was the ancient skull-and-crossbones symbol. The emblem was positioned directly below and slightly to the rear of the open cockpit where Nungesser would fly the plane.
Coli rose from the mattress and pulled on his leather flight suit. “We should make ready,” he said. “The president will be here soon.”
“He’ll wait,” Nungesser said, as he leisurely sipped his coffee.
OUTSIDE THE HANGAR, the sky was dotted with millions of stars. A rare wind flowing east washed across the ground, and if they were lucky it would carry White Bird across the Atlantic. André Melain was not staring at the stars or worrying about the wind. Instead, he was carefully smoothing the packed-dirt, two-mile-long runway with a small diesel tractor that featured a crude spotlight hooked to the battery. Placing the tractor in neutral, he climbed from the seat, then lifted some twigs from the dirt. After placing them in a metal box at the rear of the tractor, he climbed back aboard and resumed his meticulous work.
THE PRESIDENT OF France, Gaston Doumergue, had heard the rumors that Chamberlin had taken off in the now-repaired Columbia. After waiting to receive word from the French ambassador in New York City that the report was erroneous, he set off for the airfield.
The Orteig Prize had been funded by a Frenchman, and it was a matter of national pride that it also be claimed by a French team of flyers. Right this instant, however, Doumergue was cursing French engineers. The 1925 Renault 40CV carrying the president was stopped on the side of the road three miles distant from La Bourget. The driver had the hood of the car, emblazoned with the diamond-shaped Renault emblem, raised and was staring into the engine compartment. He fiddled with some wires, then returned to his spot behind the wheel and turned the engine over.
The engine fired and settled into a quiet purr. �
��My apologies, Monsieur,” the driver mumbled, as he placed the Renault in gear and pulled away from the curb.
Just under ten minutes later, they arrived outside the hangar.
FRANÇOIS COLI WAS sipping from a glass of Merlot and nibbling on his breakfast of crusty bread smeared with runny Brie. Charles Nungesser had spurned the offer of wine for another cup of coffee rich with heavy cream and sugar. He was alternating between a chunk of bread heavy with pate and a hard-boiled egg in his left hand.
“Is the mailbag safely aboard?” he inquired of a mechanic who walked past.
“Stowed forward, as you requested,” the man noted.
Nungesser nodded. The special postcards would be post-marked after their arrival in New York and later sold as souvenirs for a handsome profit. He stared over at his navigator. Dressed in his full-leather flight suit, Coli looked like a sausage with a meaty head attached. Still, in spite of their differences, Nungesser trusted Coli’s ability completely. Coli came from a family of seafarers based in Marseilles, and navigation was in his genes. Shortly after the war, he had piloted the first nonstop flight from Paris to Casablanca across the Mediterranean. He was originally slated to make his own attempt for the Orteig Prize, but Coli’s plane had been destroyed in a crash.
For all his quiet demeanor, Coli wanted the honor as much as Nungesser.
THE RENAULT STEERED past the crowds and made its way to the side of the hangar. The driver shut off the engine and climbed out, stepped back to the rear door, and opened it for Doumergue. The French president walked to the hangar’s side door, waited for the driver to open that, too, then walked inside.
Glancing to the right, nearest the overhead doors, he saw the white Levasseur. The tail of the plane was painted with a vertical stripe of blue nearest the cockpit, then an open stripe of white, then a stripe of red at the end of the tail. The colors of the French flag. Horizontally, above the stabilizer, were black block letters that read: P. LEVASSEUR TYPE 8. Just below the stabilizer was a painted anchor. The sheet metal surrounding the engine was also white and was rounded, like the end of a bullet. The nose of the plane was peppered with access panels, four round air intakes per side and a single exhaust pipe to port and starboard.
The light from the few electric lights in the hangar was dim, but Doumergue could make out Nungesser and Coli standing off to one side. He walked over and shook the men’s hands.
“This is the first I’ve seen the plane up close,” Doumergue said.
“And what do you think, Monsieur President?” Nungesser asked.
“The cockpit is farther to the rear than I thought it would be,” Doumergue admitted.
“Three aluminum fuel tanks that can carry 886 gallons are mounted just under the wings, just aft of the engines,” Coli said, grinning. “We wouldn’t want to run short of fuel before reaching New York.”
“An excellent idea,” Doumergue said.
Nungesser looked over to the French president. “Have we heard word of Chamberlin?”
“The rumors were false,” Doumergue noted. “At last report, he was still in New York.”
“Then the winds are against him and favoring us,” Coli said.
“So it would seem,” Doumergue said.
Nungesser turned and shouted to a mechanic. “Hook White Bird to a tractor and pull her onto the runway. Monsieur Coli and I have a date in New York City.”
The dozen workers in the hangar broke into cheers.
THE EASTERN SKY was paling with the first light of the coming dawn, as Nungesser and Coli climbed into White Bird and started the engine. A cacophony of noises washed across the hundreds that had gathered to watch the historic journey. Popping noises sounded as the engine belched and wheezed and then settled into a loud roar. Puffs of smoke billowed from the exhaust ports.
Nungesser engaged the propeller for a test.
A loud thumping noise came as the massive wooden blades began to beat at the air. Next, a screech, as Nungesser powered up and moved White Bird a short distance.
“Manifold pressure and temperature okay,” Nungesser shouted to Coli.
“Check,” Coli said.
“Control surfaces responding—fuel shows full.”
“Check,” said Coli.
“I say it’s a go,” Nungesser said.
“Confirm the go,” Coli shouted. “Next stop, New York City.”
Nungesser steered White Bird into an arc at the far end of the runway, then stopped and ran up the engines while holding the brake. The crowd had followed the plane downfield, and hundreds of people stood watching. Nungesser raised his arm over his head and as far out of the cockpit as he could, then waved to the crowd.
“Au revoir,” he shouted.
He pushed the throttles forward and started down the runway. It was 5:17 A.M.
ANDRÉ MELAIN WATCHED White Bird roll past, then followed with the tractor. From his perch atop the tractor, he had a better view than most of the crowd. White Bird was gaining speed and passed the one-mile marker. Slowly, the plane inched skyward, then sagged back onto the runway. A collective sigh ran through the crowd. A hundred yards farther and the tail wheel was far off the ground. Suddenly, Melain could see under the belly of White Bird as she climbed foot by foot from the runway. A mile past the end of the runway and the plane was only seventy feet in the air. Then he saw what he was watching for—Nungesser dropped the landing gear, which fell through the dim light to the ground below.
Melain set off in the tractor to retrieve the prize.
“COAST AHEAD,” NUNGESSER shouted.
Coli marked it on a chart. “You are right on course.”
White Bird passed over the English Channel at 6:47 A.M.
NUNGESSER STARED AT the gauges. All seemed in order. He headed toward Ireland as he thought of his past. His had been a life of challenges and adventure. As a teenager, he had favored boxing, fencing, and swimming—all individual sports. As a young man, he’d found school oppressive and his desire to be outdoors almost overwhelming. At sixteen, he had quit school and convinced his parents to allow him to visit an uncle in Brazil. The uncle had resettled in Argentina, and it would be nearly five years before Nungesser found him, but in Brazil
Nungesser indulged in his love of mechanical things. He began to race motorcycles, and later automobiles, supporting himself with his increasing skills as a mechanic. He gambled, boxed for money, and lived the life of a bon vivant, but still something was lacking. He began to feel bored with his life and bound to the earth.
A few years later, he traveled to Argentina to locate his uncle. There he found the passion he had sought so long. Visiting an airfield one day, he approached a pilot who had just landed. He explained to the man that he was an accomplished automobile racer and thus felt qualified to fly—and the man laughed him off as if he were the village idiot. The man went inside, and Nungesser climbed into the cockpit, roared down the runway, and lifted off. After a short flight, he approached the runway and touched down. The owner of the plane was not so much angered as amazed.
In that instant, Nungesser became completely enamored with flying.
After a few weeks of flying lessons and a stint barnstorming in Argentina, he returned to France just as the winds of war began to howl. After a brief time in the cavalry, he wrangled a transfer to the air service and began a distinguished, if dangerous, career. Nungesser loved aerial combat and approached it with a passion that bordered on foolhardiness. After crashing many times, shooting down forty-five German planes and getting wounded seventeen times, he ended the war with a chest covered with medals, a plate in his head, and a silver ankle.
But after the thrill of war, his civilian life seemed sedate and ordinary.
He suffered financial setbacks and failed endeavors. After traveling to the United States, he barnstormed and starred in an early silent movie, but the fame and adoration he sought were slow in coming. All that was soon to change.
As soon as he and Coli made New York City, it would all be his.
“WE SHOULD SEE Ireland in the next few minutes,” Coli shouted.
Coli, too, had felt the tug of flight. After switching from sea to air, he had been commander of an aircraft squadron during the war. Where Nungesser was foolhardy, Coli was persistent and methodical. As soon as he agreed to attempt the flight, he had insisted that they rigorously train and plan for the event. The men began a program of physical fitness using barbells, medicine balls, and light running. They practiced staying awake for long periods so they could better understand the effects of sleep deprivation. Their record was sixty hours. To ensure that he could keep them on course, Coli studied charts of sea and land. He checked and rechecked currents, wind patterns, and meteorological information. On test flights aboard White Bird, he noted speeds and elevations so he could better plan the route. And he studied Nungesser and his flying style. His partner on the flight seemed much more comfortable over land than water, and Coli had figured that into the plans. Once they reached North America, he would keep them over land as much as possible. Reaching into a picnic hamper, he twisted the top off a ceramic container of hot tea and poured himself a cup.
After he had finished, he poured one for Nungesser and handed it forward.
“SHOO,” THE WHITE-HAIRED man said quietly.
Shamus McDermott sat on a rocking chair just outside the door of the net maker’s shop at the port of Castletown Bearhaven, Ireland. A few moments before, he had fed the fat, yellow tabby cat at his feet a sardine, and now the animal would not leave him alone. A lifetime of cod fishing had taken its toll on McDermott. The cold, hard work had given him arthritis, and the hand pain and phantom aches from the missing ring finger on his left hand never seemed to leave him nowadays. He would turn seventy years old this fall, and his days of working were eight years past.
Clive Cussler; Craig Dirgo Page 31