Renoir to Durand-Ruel, L’Estaque, 19 February 1882, in ibid., p. 23.
212
Pissarro to Monet, Paris, n.d. [c. 24 February 1882], in Correspondance de Camille Pissarro, vol. 1, p. 155.
213
Renoir to Chocquet, L’Estaque, 2 March 1882, excerpt in Hôtel Drouot sale catalogue, 23 June 1969, no. 197.
214
Renoir to Durand-Ruel, L’Estaque, 26 February 1882, in Correspondance de Renoir et Durand-Ruel, vol. 1, pp. 26–7.
215
Rough draft, Renoir to Durand-Ruel, n.l., n.d. [L’Estaque, 26 February 1882], enclosed in Edmond Renoir to Durand-Ruel, n.l., n.d. [L’Estaque, 26 February 1882], in ibid., p. 30.
216
Renoir to Durand-Ruel, Algiers, March 1882 [misdated 1881], in ibid., p. 11.
217
Renoir to Durand-Ruel, Algiers, n.d. [March 1882], in ibid., p. 35.
218
Renoir to Bérard, n.l. [L’Estaque], n.d. [late February or early March 1882], in Benjamin, Renoir and Algeria, pp. 144–5.
219
Renoir to Bérard, n.l. [Algiers], n.d. [March 1882], in White, Renoir: His Life, Art, and Letters, p. 124.
220
Renoir to Durand-Ruel, Algiers, n.d. [March 1882], in Correspondance de Renoir et Durand-Ruel, vol. 1, p. 31.
221
Renoir to Bérard, Algiers, 14 March 1882, in Benjamin, Renoir and Algeria, p. 145.
222
Renoir to Bérard, Algiers, n.d. [April 1882], excerpt in Paris, Librairie de l’Abbaye, catalogue, n.d., no. 248.
223
Renoir to Bérard, n.l., n.d [summer 1882], in White, Renoir: His Life, Art, and Letters, p. 125.
224
Dauberville, vol. 2, pls 912, 913; Benjamin, Renoir and Algeria, fig. 71; Dauberville, vol. 2, pl. 773, respectively.
225
Renoir to Durand-Ruel, Algiers, n.d. [March 1882], in Correspondance de Renoir et Durand-Ruel, vol. 1, p. 31.
226
Dauberville, vol. 2, pls 1056, 1057; Benjamin, Renoir and Algeria, fig. 113; Dauberville, vol. 2, pls 1055, 1259, 1017, 1018, respectively.
227
Unpublished, Renoir to Bérard, n.l. [Algiers], n.d. [March 1882], private collection.
228
Dauberville, vol. 1, pl. 345; vol. 2, pl. 1058; vol. 1, pl. 384, respectively.
229
Unpublished, Bérard to Renoir, Paris, 23 April 1882, private collection.
230
Renoir to Mme Charpentier, L’Estaque, n.d. [late January or early February 1882], in White, ‘Renoir’s Trip to Italy’, p. 350. For the pastel of Mlle Charpentier see Robida, Le Salon Charpentier, pl. XV.
231
Renoir to Bérard, L’Estaque, n.d. [early March 1882], in Bailey, Renoir’s Portraits, p. 344.
232
Renoir to Bérard, n.l., 22 June 1882, ibid., pp. 190, 311 n. 7.
233
Dauberville, vol. 2, pls 967, 1003, 1059, 1254.
234
Ibid., pl. 1044, related drawing pl. 1091; for another recently renamed portrait from Mme Clapisson’s collection, probably also of her, see pl. 1146.
235
Ibid., pl. 912
236
Unpublished, Renoir to Bérard, Paris, October 1882, in Paris, Archives Durand-Ruel.
237
Unpublished, Renoir to Aline, n.l. [Dieppe], n.d. [August–September 1882], private collection.
238
Unpublished, Renoir to Aline, Dieppe, [August–September] 1882, private collection.
239
Aline to Renoir, n.l. [Paris], n.d. [summer 1882], in Jean Renoir, Renoir, My Father, pp. 313–14; French edn, Renoir, mon père (1981), p. 344.
240
Renoir to Durand-Ruel, Algiers, n.d. [March 1882], in Correspondance de Renoir et Durand-Ruel, vol. 1, p. 35.
241
Renoir to Duret, n.l., n.d., in ‘Renoir et la famille Charpentier’, p. 39.
242
Manet, Growing Up with the Impressionists, entry of 16 June 1898, p. 138; French edn, Journal, p. 167.
243
As a preparatory study for City Dance, Renoir had painted Valadon’s head, which he then reversed; Dauberville, vol. 2, pl. 1159. See Tabarant, ‘Suzanne Valadon et ses souvenirs de modèle’, pp. 626–9, of 1921, almost forty years later, when Valadon was 56, but her recollections may not be reliable.
244
Bailey, Renoir, Impressionism, and Full-Length Painting, p. 168.
245
Duret’s preface to Durand-Ruel catalogue, April 1883, quoted in ibid., p. 183.
246
Ibid., p. 197, quoting Meier-Graefe, Auguste Renoir (French, 1912), p. 110.
247
Pissarro to Lucien Pissarro, Osny, 10 April 1883, in Correspondance de Camille Pissarro, vol. 1, p. 192.
248
Bailey, Renoir, Impressionism, and Full-Length Painting, p. 212.
249
In 1883, the Boston Mechanics Building, or Hall, was located at the intersection of Huntington Avenue and West Newton Street, but was razed in the early 1960s.
250
Renoir’s medal from Boston is still in the family.
251
Bailey, Renoir, Impressionism, and Full-Length Painting, p. 194.
252
Ibid., p. 201, fig. 6; Rewald, Renoir Drawings, p. 17, fig. 5 for 1883 engraving. For two soft-ground etchings of the same subject of c. 1890 see Delteil, Le Peintre-graveur illustré, Renoir section, pls 1, 2.
253
Dauberville, vol. 2, pl. 1065; at the time he also made an oil on cardboard sketch of M. Léon Clapisson, pl. 1251.
254
Renoir to Durand-Ruel, Naples, 21 November 1881, in Correspondance de Renoir et Durand-Ruel, vol. 1, p. 15.
255
Anne-Marie Hagen, called Charlotte Berthier, lived with Caillebotte from 1883 until his death in 1894. They never married.
256
Dauberville, vol. 2, pl. 1064.
257
Caillebotte’s will cited in Berhaut, Caillebotte, pp. 251–2.
258
See Distel, Renoir, p. 150.
259
The cousins Alfred Nunès and Camille Pissarro had been born in Saint-Thomas in the Antilles.
260
Dauberville, vol. 2, pl. 1207 (of Aline Esther Nunès, 1875–1965); pl. 126 (of Robert Nunès, 1873–1957). Alfred’s brother, Lionel, was a lawyer who, in May 1884, helped Renoir develop the text of his Grammaire des arts; see Correspondance de Camille Pissarro, vol. 1, pp. 299–300 n. 2.
261
Nochlin, ‘Degas and the Dreyfus Affair’, pp. 96–116.
262
Unpublished, Renoir to Aline, Yport, August 1883, private collection.
263
Unpublished, Renoir to Aline, n.l. [Yport], August 1883 [different letter], private collection.
264
For the address see unpublished letter, Renoir to Aline, n.l. [Yport], August 1883 [different from preceding], private collection.
265
Unpublished, Renoir to Bérard, Yport, 21 August 1883, private collection.
266
Aline to Renoir, Paris, n.d. [c. 1883], in Jean Renoir, Renoir, My Father, p. 314; French edn, Renoir, mon père (1981), pp. 343–4.
267
Ibid. (French edn, p. 343).
268
Unpublished, Renoir to Aline, Yport, n.d. [August 1883], private collection.
269
Unpublished, Renoir to Aline, Dieppe, n.d. [1882–83], private collection.
270
In 1883, Renoir and Edmond had a falling out and went their separate ways; see Le Coeur, Edmond Renoir, Pierre Auguste Renoir, p. 7.
271
Unpublished, Renoir to Aline, Yport, August 1883, private collection.
272
Unpublished, Renoir to Aline, Dieppe, n.d. [c. 1882–1883], private collection.
273
Unpublished, Re
noir to Aline, Dieppe, n.d. [c. 1882–83], [different letter], private collection.
274
Renoir to Durand-Ruel, Guernsey, 27 September 1883, in Correspondance de Renoir et Durand-Ruel, vol. 1, p. 40.
275
Dauberville, vol. 2, pl. 1063.
276
Unpublished, Renoir to Aline, n.l. [Monte Carlo], n.d. [December 1883], private collection.
277
Ibid.
278
Unpublished, Renoir to Aline, n.l. [Monte Carlo], n.d. [December 1883], private collection.
279
The group exhibit of 1882 was the last show where Caillebotte, Monet, Renoir, Pissarro, Degas and Sisley exhibited together.
280
Renoir to Durand-Ruel, n.l. [Genoa], n.d. [December 1883], in Correspondance de Renoir et Durand-Ruel, vol. 1, p. 41.
281
See White, Impressionists Side by Side, pp. 62–5, 66–71, 80–81, 98–9, 100, 269 (he and Caillebotte painted Melon and Dish of Figs together in 1882), 270, 246–7, respectively.
282
Monet to Durand-Ruel, Giverny, n.d. [12 January 1884], in Venturi, Archives de l’impressionnisme, vol. 1, p. 268.
283
Monet to Durand-Ruel, Bordighera, 28 January 1884, ibid., p. 271.
284
Albert Wolff, ‘Quelques Expositions’, Le Figaro, 2 March 1882, p. 1.
285
Monet to Alice Hoschedé, n.l. [Cap d’Antibes], n.d. [21 January 1888], in Wildenstein, Claude Monet: biographie, vol. 3, p. 225.
286
[Renoir], ‘La Société des Irrégularistes’, n.d. [May 1884], in Venturi, Archives de l’impressionnisme, vol. 1, p. 129.
287
Ibid., pp. 128–9.
288
Renoir to Durand-Ruel, n.l., n.d. [May 1884], in Correspondance de Renoir et Durand-Ruel, vol. 1, p. 42. See also Herbert, Renoir’s Writings on the Decorative Arts, pp. 108–53.
289
Monet to Pissarro, Giverny, 11 November [1884], in Wildenstein, Claude Monet: biographie, vol. 2, p. 256.
290
Monet to Pissarro, Giverny, late November 1884, in ibid.
291
See Renoir to Burty, n.l., n.d. [c. 1886], Paris, Archives du Louvre.
292
Unpublished, Renoir to Mallarmé, Paris, c. 1892, Paris, Bibliothèque Doucet.
293
Dauberville, vol. 2, pls 1264, 1263, 1200, 1148, 1147, respectively.
294
E.g. Cézanne, Self-Portrait, 1879–82; Louis Guillaume, c. 1879–82; Madame Cézanne, 1883–87, in Schapiro, Paul Cézanne, pp. 53, 57, 59, respectively.
295
Dauberville, vol. 2, pl. 1292.
296
See e.g. Puvis’s Young Women by the Sea, 1879, in Distel, Renoir, p. 252.
297
Renoir to Bérard, Paris, c. 1884, excerpt in Hôtel Drouot sale catalogue, 11 June 1980, no. 96; Dauberville, vol. 2, pl. 1231.
298
Dauberville, vol. 2, pl. 965. Renoir continued work on the large canvas at his new Paris studio, 37 rue Laval.
299
Ibid., pls 1261, 1079, respectively.
300
Monet to Alice Hoschedé, Bordighera, 12 March 1884, in Wildenstein, Claude Monet: biographie, vol. 2, p. 244.
301
Renoir to Durand-Ruel, n.l., n.d. [15 May 1884], in Correspondance de Renoir et Durand-Ruel, vol. 1, p. 42. See also Monet to Durand-Ruel, Giverny, 15 May 1884, in Venturi, Archives de l’impressionnisme, vol. 1, p. 278.
Chapter 3 1885–93
1
Dauberville, vol. 2, pls 1066, 999, 1001, respectively.
2
Unpublished birth certificate from 18th arrondissement of Paris, 23 March 1985, in Ville de Paris, 18ème arrondissement, Mairie Annexe.
3
(Léonard-)Victor Renoir had worked as a tailor in Russia but had returned penniless to Paris in 1885.
4
Renoir to Murer, n.l., n.d. [August or September 1887], in Gachet, Lettres impressionnistes, p. 95.
5
Pissarro to his son Lucien, Eragny, 23 February 1887, in Correspondance de Camille Pissarro, vol. 2, p. 131.
6
Dauberville, vol. 2, pls 969, 970, 971, 1477, 1478, 1574–7, respectively.
7
For a medieval example of the nursing infant Jesus holding his foot, see New York, Morgan Library & Museum, Ms. M.855, y, Sacramentary for Seitenstetten Abbey, Austria, 1260–64. My thanks to Colum P. Hourihane of the Index of Christian Art, Princeton University.
8
See Steinberg, The Sexuality of Christ in Renaissance Art and in Modern Oblivion.
9
Dauberville, vol. 2, pls 1021, 972, 1394, 1614, 1581, respectively.
10
Ibid., pls 943, 944, 947, 948, 953–5.
11
Ibid., pls 1265–7, 1270, 1276–83, 1285, 1403, 1404, 1549; Stella, The Graphic Work of Renoir, pl. 27.
12
Dauberville, vol. 2, pls 1268, 1269, 1271–4, 1399.
13
Unpublished, Renoir to Caillebotte, n.l., 28 May 1886, private collection.
14
Unpublished, Renoir to Murer, Boulogne, n.d. [June 1887], private collection.
15
Dr Hippolyte-Marie-Jean-Michel Latty; Dauberville, vol. 2, pl. 709.
16
Unpublished, Renoir to Aline, n.l. [le Vésinet], n.d. [August 1887], private collection.
17
Unpublished, Renoir to Dr de Bellio, Boulogne, 25 June 1887, in Paris, Musée Marmottan, Archives.
18
Renoir to Murer, n.l., n.d. [c. 30 June 1887], in Gachet, Lettres impressionnistes, p. 95.
19
Renoir to Murer, n.l., 14 July 1887, in ibid., p. 104.
20
Renoir to Murer, n.l., summer 1887, in ibid., p. 96.
21
Unpublished, Renoir to Aline, n.l., 17 June 1887, private collection.
22
Renoir to Bérard, n.l. [Paris], 23 December 1889, excerpt from Hôtel Drouot sale catalogue, 15 December 1989, no. 146.
23
Renoir to Bérard, n.l., 29 December 1900, excerpt from Hôtel Drouot sale catalogue, 11 June 1980, no. 101.
24
Dauberville, vol. 2, pls 1230, 1263, 1264; for the fourth portrait see Daulte, Auguste Renoir: catalogue raisonné, pl. 472. Goujon was the recently elected senator for Ain, a region near Switzerland.
25
Unpublished, Renoir to Aline, n.l. [Dieppe], n.d. [November 1885], private collection.
26
Pissarro to his son Lucien, Paris, n.d. [21 January 1886], in Correspondance de Camille Pissarro, vol. 2, p. 18.
27
Pissarro to Lucien, Eragny, 1 June 1887, ibid., p. 178.
28
Renoir painted 13 portraits in 1880, 7 in 1881, 9 in 1882, 5 in 1883, as opposed to 3 in 1884, 4 in 1885, none in 1886, 1 in 1887, 2 in 1888 and 1 each in 1889 and 1890.
29
Renoir to Bérard, n.l. [Paris], 18 October [1886], in Renoir, Écrits, entretiens et lettres, p. 135. His new studio was at 35 boulevard Rochechouart, 9th arr.
30
Renoir to Berthe Morisot and Eugène Manet, Essoyes, [1 December] 1888, in Morisot, Berthe Morisot: The Correspondence, p. 144; French edn, Correspondance de Berthe Morisot, p. 142. For a photograph of the Essoyes house in which Renoir, Aline and Pierre lived in autumn 1888 see Pharisien, Renoir de vigne en vin à Essoyes, p. 15. For the laundresses see Daulte, Renoir: catalogue raisonné, pl. 572.
31
Bailey, Renoir, Impressionism, and Full-Length Painting, p. 149.
32
See two letters from Renoir to Murer, Essoyes, December 1888, in Gachet, Lettres impressionniste, p. 98.
33
Unpublished lease agreement, Le Vésinet, 15 June 1887, private collection: ‘Between the undersigned: M. William, the owner, living on rue Alphonse Pallison, i
n Le Vésinet, on the one hand, and: M. Pierre Renoir living in Paris at 35 boulevard Rochechouart, on the other hand…to rent…a grey house in Le Vésinet with an enclosed garden, on 33 rue de la Station…from June 16, 1887 until 1 April 1888, for “seven hundred and fifty francs” paid half at the signing of those present and the current balance on October 1, of this year…the tenant has no right to sublet…. When frost comes the renter must stop the water and drain the pipes or he will be responsible for the subsequent damage that could take place.’
34
Renoir to Bérard, Essoyes, 4 October 1885, in Bailey, Renoir, Impressionism, and Full-Length Painting, p. 149. It has recently been suggested that Renoir first went to Essoyes in autumn 1888; see Distel, Renoir, p. 234, on whether the first visit was in 1885 or 1888.
35
Renoir to Murer, Gennevilliers, 1 September 1886, in Gachet, Lettres impressionniste, p. 99.
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