by Field, Mark
But there’s more than this, even. The natural consequence of this assault on the Slayer is that she remains under the control of a patriarchal system, never having been given any say in the matter to begin with and without any real ability to contest it. Compare Buffy’s rejection of the additional power offered her by the Shadowmen to her speech asserting her power to the Watcher’s Council in Checkpoint. It is about power both times, but in very different ways.
There seems to be a fairly clear metaphor also about the way “the system” co-opts leaders in order to undermine the potential for disturbances by those now having lower status. The Shadowmen offer Buffy more power as a bribe, in effect. This is a standard feature of the Hero’s Journey – there’s temptation for the hero to divert from her journey for her own aggrandizement (think Satan on the mountaintop with Jesus).The Shadowmen try to get Buffy to believe that this will allow her to prevail, but she knows that the stake is not the power. Note that Buffy didn’t reject power per se, she just “didn't like the loophole.” Nicely vague about what that might mean, but her instincts are good.
Dracula warned Buffy that her power was “rooted in darkness”. GiD shows us how true that is. I should note, though, that the episode doesn’t directly say (nor did Dracula) that her power itself is evil, nor that having the power somehow makes Buffy evil. It only says that her power was forced on her in an evil way. Vampires aren’t evil because they have superhuman power, they’re evil because they don’t have a soul to control the exercise of those powers. Buffy’s power may have been “rooted in evil”, but Buffy uses it properly and on behalf of Good based upon her personal character.
Leave the Slayer aside for the moment, though. What’s the consequence of all this for other women who aren’t Slayers (e.g., the Potentials)? That’s the question which will be answered in Chosen.
Oh – since I made a point of criticizing the special effects when the WC blew up, I should note here the great special effects with the shadow casters.
Trivia notes: (1) Anya told Spike she liked her sex on top of the table, referring to Entropy. (2) I can’t say for certain, but I like to think the bag Wood gives Buffy is the same bag Buffy gets the face paint from in her dream in Restless. (3) Andrew's concern that "they'll see the Big Board" is a reference to the movie Dr. Strangelove. h/t local-max (4) Any viewers who still liked Kennedy after TKIM mostly changed their minds after her “push ups, maggot” command to Chloe. Apparently there weren’t very many fans of Full Metal Jacket – the source of the quote – in the Buffy audience. (5) Willow’s “bring it on” while they’re watching the Potentials refers to the movie of that title. (6) Spike used the phrase “beat him off”, which is American slang for masturbation. (7) Spike’s statement that he’s unique “more or less” refers to Angel, of course. (8) Ancient Sumer, where they spoke the Sumerian language in which the book was supposedly written, was located roughly in the area which is now Kuwait, and included part of Iraq as well. (9) Xander’s “ja wohl” in response to Buffy’s demand that they follow her orders implies that she’s reaching Nazi levels of authoritarianism. The German phrase acquired that connotation in the US from American movies about World War II. (10) Kennedy’s “don’t make a case out of it” probably should have been “don’t make a federal case out of it”. That’s an American idiom meaning don’t make a big deal out of it. (11) Kennedy’s suggestion that Willow try “all 32 flavors” is a reference to the ice cream company Baskin Robbins. (12) The Shadowmen are speaking Swahili. (13) Kennedy sarcastically suggested chanting Kumbaya, for which see the link. (14) Willow first attempted a spell in Latin. The words meant, roughly, “Path of time, I call to you. Path of space, I command you to open. Open!” (15) Spike did get his coat in New York, as we saw in Fool For Love. (16) Buffy used the phrase “knocked up” to refer to what the Shadowmen were trying to do to her. That’s American slang for “become pregnant”. (17) The ending scene of the massed Turok-hans is an homage to the Peter Jackson movie version of Lord of the Rings.
Storyteller
Jane Espenson gives us the third (for me, the fourth) great episode of S7 with her masterpiece Storyteller. It’s one of my very favorite episodes, mostly based on the way Buffy closes the Turok-han pez dispenser (h/t Rob).
The most important thing I can say about Storyteller is that it’s shot almost entirely in Andrew’s POV. In that sense it’s similar to earlier episodes like The Zeppo (Xander’s POV), Doppelgangland (Willow’s), and A New Man (Giles’s). Andrew may think he’s telling Buffy’s story, but in fact he’s telling his own.
Some of the seemingly implausible plot points in this episode disappear once we realize that it’s shot in Andrew’s POV and that Andrew is the most unreliable of narrators. For example, the fact that Andrew can somehow read Tuareg is silly, but remember that this is Andrew telling the story – he’s a fantasy hero, able to save the day. What this actually means, though, is that Andrew has abdicated his own role in life. He is “lost in the story”, as he says in the teaser.
We only leave Andrew’s POV when he and Buffy are alone at the Seal, when she forces him to shut off the camera. Buffy forced him out of his own story and made him respond to reality instead. From that point on in the basement, we see events with Buffy as the storyteller – “I’m making it up”, she says, knowing that she’s lying to him about the Seal’s need for blood – rather than events as they are transformed in Andrew’s imagination.
Buffy’s storytelling, like all great art, produces the cathartic moment. She uses the classic Aristotelian duo of pity and fear to effect Andrew’s emotional identification with Jonathan and the purging of Andrew’s own escapist fear. The imagery of the basement scene, with the tears of the repentant sinner halting the spread of evil, is brilliant. That’s the point at which Andrew can begin to have his own story to tell.
If the episode were solely about Andrew, it would be beautiful. What takes it beyond that is what it tells us about Buffy. What I’m about to say in the following 3 paragraphs is influenced by a post written on livejournal by beer_good_foamy. You can find it at http://beer-good-foamy.livejournal.com/186180.html (SPOILERS AT LINK) and I recommend it. I’m going to give both a shortened version and my own interpretation, so b-g-f isn’t to blame.
What Storyteller shows us about Andrew is that he’s trapped by the narrative. He spends all of his time living in a world some geek (namely, himself) invented. That narrative imprisons him. It takes him away from reality, such that he can’t ever move forward.
That’s Buffy’s problem too. She’s trapped by the narrative in two ways: within the show itself she’s limited by the conventions of the Slayer line and the ways in which the Watchers, including Giles, interpreted the Slayer’s role. If we take this another step and break the fourth wall, we can see that Buffy’s trapped by the narrative created by Joss Whedon and developed by the other geeks writers on the show: “Buffy, Slayer of the Vampyres”, as Andrew calls it. Her fate is determined by what they decide she’ll do. Buffy herself has no agency, as they say.
And that’s Buffy’s basic dilemma in S7. She needs to be able to create her own life, her own self, to put it in existential terms. To an existentialist, “creating her own life” doesn’t mean living in one’s fantasy world like Andrew: “Buffy: You make everything into a story so no one's responsible for anything because they're just following a script.” No, it means acting within the world as it truly is, it means taking responsibility for one’s own actions. In order to do that, she needs to be able to break the narrative structure which limits her development, just as she was finally able to break Andrew’s imaginary narrative and put him on a path to adulthood and maybe even redemption.
In her early conversation with Wood, Buffy herself breaks the fourth wall and implies some magical realism in the show: “There’s this thing that happens here, in this school, over the hellmouth. Where the way a thing feels—it kind of starts being that way...for real.” Perhaps this is Jane Espenson’s meta-commentary on the
entire series. In an interview on 5 Sept 2001, Joss said:
“I designed Buffy to be an icon, to be an emotional experience, to be loved in a way that other shows can't be loved. I wanted her to be a cultural phenomenon. …
I wanted people to internalize it, and make up fantasies where they were in the story, to take it home with them, for it to exist beyond the TV show. …”
We – all of us – have put Buffy in a narrative box. As a result, she too is “lost in the story” at this point. What we’ll see in the finale is her effort to break those constraints. Precluding Andrew from making her the focus, the star, of the narrative is an important step.
I get the sense that many viewers are ambivalent about Storyteller because they don’t care much for Andrew. Lots of them disliked him, almost everyone would have preferred that Jonathan stick around instead. I don’t mind him. I think he gets used to deconstruct the show right in the middle of it, hating his free will and giving us the metaphor for the Potentials. There’s a perfect example of this here in Storyteller: “The world's gonna want to know about Buffy. It's a story of ultimate triumph tainted with the bitterness for what's been lost in the struggle.” Yes, exactly.
Andrew also makes a good contrast to Spike, Willow, and Anya in terms of their respective journeys on the road to redemption. Here’s a sympathetic but critical description of Andrew by Random at AtPO after Potential:
“Andrew, morally reprehensible though he may have been most of his life, never seemed too evil...because, as the Scooby Gang has demonstrated, we take evil seriously, and if we can't take something seriously, we're not likely to define it as evil. Andrew's attempts to claim that he's no longer evil are a pathetic cry for validation...not of his reform and worthiness, but of the possibility that he might have, if only for a little while, might have been considered worth taking seriously because he was "evil." I would guess that he's never even had a real friend. Warren used him. Jonathan was stuck with him by necessity and circumstance. Neither seemed to like him in any particular way. He was a body with certain commonalites with certain people around him. A geek? Sure, let's do some geeky things with him. Trust him with a heart-to-heart talk? Yeah, right. Give a damn about what happens to him? Uh, well, sure, I guess, I mean, I hope he doesn't, like, you know, die ugly or something.
It was Jonathan (late, lamented, *sob*) who gave us the final word on Andrew: "You are sadness personified." And even Jonathan may not have grasped the true depth of his insight. Andrew is not pitiable because he's a geek -- a great many people are, and a large percentage of them are people worth talking to. Nor is it a simple matter to dismiss him as inept and ultimately stupid. He's both, of course, but they are symptomatic of a more essential problem. Andrew is the very definition of a lost soul, one of those who exist on the periphery of socialization but never able to cross. He and Xander are exact opposites. The reason I love Xander can be, in many ways, summed up in his talk with Dawn in "Potential." … Xander may have been an unpopular outcast, but he had an identity, a sense of self. He may have had low self-esteem, but at least it was his self-esteem, dammit, and nobody -- not Cordelia, not the bullies, not Angelus -- was going to break him. Andrew, with the same credentials, socially, has no grasp of who he is and, one is tempted to believe, never will because he's too far gone. … He is the classic, and tragic, character: the pratfalling victim, the loser who exists only to lose. And that's what's tragic here. Even within the Buffyverse, that seems to be Andrew's only purpose -- to lose and exist as an example of everything the Scooby Gang doesn't want to become. So, yes, I felt sorry for Andrew. Sure he's a murderer. Sure he set flying demon monkeys on the school play. And sure he could be genuinely sorry for having killed Jonathan...but nobody cares. He, both in practice and in theory, doesn't matter. Whatever happens to him in the remainder of the season, I hope he finds some measure of redemption.”
Two quick concluding thoughts. When Wood tried to dust Spike, was that his vengeance crusade or the influence of the Hellmouth? A neatly ambiguous moment.
Xander’s conflicted attitude towards Anya – loving her yet hesitating even now to tell her that he loves her, and not sure what it means in any case – should be read metaphorically in my view. Xander is Buffy’s heart (Andrew reminds us of that earlier in the episode), and Buffy’s feelings towards Spike are similarly conflicted, as we saw at the end of First Date:
BUFFY That's not why I need you here.
SPIKE Is that right? Why's that then?
BUFFY 'Cause I'm not ready for you to not be here.”
Trivia notes: (1) The opening scene is taken from the PBS series Masterpiece Theatre. (2) When Anya tells Andrew “birds need to fly”, that’s a line from the musical Showboat. (3) The Bronsted-Debeye-Huckel equation, to which Andrew refers in his “supervillain” fantasy scene, really exists. Google “Pitzer equations” if you’re dying to know. (4) Many references to previous episodes in Storyteller: the girl fading away (Out of Mind, Out of Sight); Buffy’s mention of swim team monsters (Go Fish); Buffy’s mention of killer prom dogs (The Prom); Anya’s belief that sex with Xander meant they were over (The Harsh Light of Day); the Cheeseman who appears in Andrew’s dream flashback (Restless). All remind us that we’re following a story. (5) Wood’s “hell’s a bustin’ out all over” plays off the line from the musical Carousel. (6) Andrew was correct that this is the one year anniversary of Hell’s Bells. (7) Andrew’s request for a Zima is an in-joke. Writer Jane Espenson invented the name. (8) When Jonathan went to the bathroom, Andrew was singing la cucaracha, for which see the link. (9) The Tuareg are actual Saharan nomads. (10) Buffy’s use of the phrase “beautiful downtown hellmouth” comes from the ‘60s TV show Laugh-In, which used it to describe Burbank, CA.
Lies My Parents Told Me
"For when was revenge in its exactions ought but an inordinate usurer?" James Madison.
Immediately after the episode which taught us that the narrative has trapped Buffy, we learn that some part of that narrative consists of lies. The brilliantly constructed Lies My Parents Told Me is the fourth/fifth great episode of S7. Why is it so great? Partly it’s the flashback scenes, building on what we saw in Fool For Love, to which there are many references. Partly it’s the major clue about the source of Buffy’s various related problems. But mostly because it poses, in the sharpest possible way, the moral dilemmas Buffy faces this season: justice v. vengeance; redemption; consequentialist v. deontological ethics.
By no means does LMPTM provide definitive solutions to the difficulties it exposes. What it does is pose them in a way which furthers our understanding of several major characters in circumstances where arguments can be made for or against any of them. “Genuine tragedies in the world are not conflicts between right and wrong. They are conflicts between two rights.” (G.W.F. Hegel) Because it was so carefully constructed, there were probably more internet arguments about this episode than any other besides Seeing Red or maybe the upcoming Empty Places.
I’ll use this post to analyze the actions of the four main characters, Giles, Wood, Spike, and Buffy. Though I’ll ultimately criticize Giles and Wood, I do recognize that their fundamental point was true, namely that Spike was still a danger. For me, that’s not enough to justify their conspiracy, as I’ll explain in detail below.
I want to begin, though, with the scene in which the nature of Spike’s trigger is exposed. That sets up the remainder of the episode, so it’s important to explore what happened there.
We’ve known since Sleeper that Spike has a “trigger”, that is, something that the First can use to bring out his demon. He and Buffy were very careful about Spike’s freedom when they discovered the trigger. Spike kept himself chained or stayed around Buffy as his figurative “leash”. Since Buffy rescued him from the First in Showtime, and even more since the chip was removed in TKiM and the First seemed to be in “reMission”, Spike has been more “free range”.
Notwithstanding all this, we’ve also known that “it wasn’t time” for Spik
e yet, as the First/Jonathan told Andrew in First Date. That strongly implied the continued existence of the trigger and suggested some residual danger. In light of this, it’s not clear why Buffy told Wood that “the trigger’s not active any more”. Perhaps she believed that, which would explain her more relaxed attitude towards Spike recently.
Now consider what the Prokaryote Stone showed. It confirmed the continued presence of the trigger and revealed the specific song as “Early One Morning”. The name of the song is of limited value in itself; it doesn’t explain why that song had such a powerful effect on Spike, as Giles points out after the Stone did its work. The net effect was therefore to confirm that the trigger was still active, as everyone should have suspected, and to add a minor, albeit useful, detail.
I’ve summarized all this, obvious though it seems, in order to note the reactions of Giles and Buffy to the results. Buffy unchains Spike, Giles insists that Spike’s still a danger, implying that he should continue to be chained until he cooperates in eliminating the trigger. It seems to me that the importance of these events is that nothing has changed. The situation remains what it was before the Stone, although Buffy was wrong about the trigger. But the fact that Buffy unchained Spike wasn’t any different than what she’d been doing for several weeks beforehand (at least since Showtime), even if she was wrong about the reason. Buffy trusts Spike under those conditions, Giles and others don’t. Note that even though Buffy trusts Spike, she agreed to have Wood watch over him while she was out with Giles.