by Greg King
16. Barta, 35.
17. Wolfson, 79.
18. Judtmann, 33; Louise of Belgium, 113; Burg, 224; Thiele, Crown Prince Rudolf, 51; Haslip, Lonely Empress, 379; Defrance and van Loon, 26.
19. Quoted in Beéche, 196.
20. Cantacuzène, 141.
21. Louise of Belgium, 60–62; Ascherson, 205.
22. Recollections of a Royal Governess, 141; Ascherson, 206; Vivian, 95.
23. Rudolf to Latour von Thurmberg, letter of January 15, 1879, quoted in Lónyay, 70.
24. Rumbold, Austrian Court, 303; de Weindel, 126–27.
25. Larisch, My Past, 144–45.
26. Louise of Belgium, 105.
27. King and Woolmans, 38; Schiel, 97.
28. Rappoport, 230–31.
29. Stephanie, 54.
30. Cited in Tuchman, 40.
31. Margutti, 83.
32. Salvendy, 105; Listowel, 126.
33. Stephanie, 88.
34. Ibid., 94.
35. Ibid., 89–90.
36. Barta, 15; Larisch, My Past, 146; Wolfson, 81; Ascherson, 213; Stephanie, 23, 92.
37. Rudolf to Latour von Thurmberg, letter of March 7, 1880, in HHS, Box 16; also in Mitis, 68.
38. Rudolf to Latour von Thurmberg, letter of March 11, 1880, in HHS, Box 16; also in Mitis, 68; Lónyay, 72; Rudolf to Latour von Thurmberg, letter of March 13, 1880, in HHS, Box 16; also in Mitis, 68–69.
39. Margutti, 89.
40. Corti, Empress Elisabeth, 301; Cone, 148.
41. Haslip, Lonely Empress, 320.
42. Marek, 258; Stephanie, 98; Palmer, 221; Harding, 270.
43. Schiel, 124–25.
44. Kürenberg, 92.
45. Stephanie, 110–11; Larisch, My Past, 108; de Weindel, 169; Martyrdom of an Empress, 179.
46. Stephanie, 112–13.
47. Ibid., 255.
48. Marie Valerie, diary entry of November 26, 1883, cited in Salvendy, 84.
49. Lónyay, 99–100.
50. Rudolf to Latour von Thurmberg, letter of December 2, 1881, in HHS, Box 16; also in Salvendy, 83.
51. Stephanie, 258.
52. Ibid., 29, 144.
53. Corti, Empress Elisabeth, 323.
54. Barkeley, 91.
55. Mitis, 70–71.
56. Stephanie, 151–52.
57. Haslip, Lonely Empress, 326.
58. Lónyay, 119, 123–24.
59. Larisch, My Past, 145–47.
60. Stephanie, 255.
61. Margutti, 87.
62. Listowel, 138
63. Stephanie, 153–54.
64. Friedrich, Der Kriminalfall Mayerling, 79n453.
65. Morton, Nervous, 114.
66. Lónyay, 130–31; Larisch, My Past, 116; Thiele, Crown Prince Rudolf, 48; Wolfson, 77–78; Marek, 268; Markus, 101.
67. Larisch, My Past, 148–49; Haslip, Lonely Empress, 378; Recollections of a Royal Governess, 141.
68. Queen Victoria to Princess Victoria of Battenberg, letter of February 20, 1889, quoted in Hough, 87–99.
69. Stephanie, 30.
70. Marie Valerie, diary entry of August 14, 1885, in Schad and Schad, 74; Marie Valerie, diary entry of August 17, 1885, cited in Salvendy, 78.
71. Cited in Hamann, Reluctant Empress, 323; Kürenberg, 92–93.
72. Stephanie, 30.
73. Judtmann, 81–82; Barta, 50–52; Unterreiner, Crown Prince Rudolf, 16.
74. Stephanie, 31.
75. Ibid., 124.
76. Martyrdom of an Empress, 194; de Weindel, 173; Margutti, 90.
77. Listowel, 149; Neue Illustrierte Wochenschau, September 18, 1953.
78. Judtmann, 19; Corti, Empress Elisabeth, 341; Listowel, 145.
79. Holler, 37.
80. Sulzberger, 163; Listowel, 149. On page 218 Listowel asserted that Franz Auchenthaler, the physician who performed the postmortem examination on Mary Vetsera, found that she—and thus presumably Rudolf—was infected with syphilis. But her cited source for this bit of information, the book by Stephanie’s nephew Carl Lónyay, asserted only that Rudolf and Mary were both found to be suffering from gonorrhea, not syphilis. See Lónyay, 193.
81. Wiener Zeitung, February 2, 1889.
82. Margutti, 98.
83. Neue Illustrierte Wochenschau, September 18, 1955; Judtmann, 19–20; Markus and Unterreiner, 53–54.
84. Judtmann, 19–20; Neue Illustrierte Wochenschau, September 18, 1955.
85. Salvendy, 88; Listowel, 147; Markus, 108.
86. Salvendy, 88.
87. Zweig, 129.
88. Letter of Juliana von Stockhausen to Judtmann, January 29, 1968, in Judtmann, 18.
89. Stephanie, 196.
90. Stephanie, draft manuscript in Corti papers, quoted in Judtmann, 18.
91. Listowel, 147; Louise of Belgium, 108; Schiel, 238.
92. Salvendy, 80.
93. Cited in Salvendy, 89; de Weindel, 178; Listowel, 147; Holler, 37.
94. See Markus and Unterreiner, 54–55.
95. Salvendy, 151; Markus, 108.
96. Stephanie, 256, 208.
97. Corti, Empress Elisabeth, 373.
98. Rudolf to Stephanie, letter of April 5, 1887, cited in Salvendy, 97.
99. Rudolf to Stephanie, letter of March 31, 1888, quoted in Schiel, 174.
100. Stephanie, 208–9.
101. Salvendy, 99; Hamann, Der Weg nach Mayerling, 114; Wolfson, 85; Schiel, 319, 325–27.
102. Salvendy, 171.
103. Fugger, 5–6; Judtmann, 35.
104. Listowel, 164.
105. Monts, 127–28; Der Polizeibericht, 47.
106. Mitis, 200–201; Barkeley, 53; Listowel, 288.
107. Mitis, 288–89.
CHAPTER 4
1. Society Recollections, 176; Radziwill, Austrian Court, 120.
2. Larisch, My Past, 268.
3. Margutti, 94; de Weindel, 80–81; Ryan, 33; Martyrdom of an Empress, 211; Louise of Belgium, 103; Haslip, Emperor and the Actress, 97.
4. Kürenberg, 94.
5. Margutti, 95–96; Kürenberg, 94–95; de Weindel, 184; Martyrdom of an Empress, 211.
6. Van der Kiste, 95.
7. Stephanie, 210.
8. Listowel, 166.
9. Waddington, 111.
10. Hollaender, in Hantsch and Novotny, 160n62.
11. Judtmann, 31; Markus, 23; Listowel, 190–91; Markus and Unterreiner, 16.
12. Corti, Empress Elisabeth, 254.
13. http://levantineheritage.com/testi47.htm.
14. Corti, Empress Elisabeth, 254.
15. Der Polizeibereicht, 66; Lónyay, 156; Listowel, 192; Monts, 106; Recollections of a Royal Governess, 158; Marek, 269.
16. Corti, Empress Elisabeth, 296–97.
17. Ibid., 296.
18. Hamann, Kronprinz, 109–10; see also Markus, 79; Haslip, Emperor and the Actress, 95; Sulzberger, 163.
19. Larisch, My Past, 102–3.
20. Larisch, My Past, 213; Markus, 79.
21. Friedrich, Der Kriminalfall Mayerling, 43.
22. Ibid., 62. Helene later converted to Catholicism.
23. Judtmann, 30; de Weindel, 181; Listowel, 188–89; Markus, 23.
25. Listowel, 189; Judtmann, 30.
26. Paget, Scenes and Memories, 220.
27. Friedrich, Der Kriminalfall Mayerling, 62n306.
28. Ibid., 52.
29. Le Journal, February 2, 1939.
30. Friedrich, Der Kriminalfall Mayerling, 61.
31. Judtmann, 77–78; Friedrich, Der Kriminalfall Mayerling, 40. The house, which later became the Salm Palace, was torn down in 1916. See Judtmann, 30.
32. Motley, 2:124.
33. Listowel, 192.
34. Cassels, Clash, 58.
35. Radziwill, Austrian Court, 134.
36. Larisch, My Past, 215–16.
37. Markus and Unterreiner, 16.
38. Listowel, 192.
39. Der Polizeibericht, 66; Lónyay, 156; Listowel, 192; Monts, 106; Recollections of a Royal Governess, 158; Marek, 269.
40. See Friedrich, Der Kriminalfall Mayerling, 451–52.
41. Markus, 24; Friedrich, Der Kriminalfall Mayerling, 55–56.
42. Friedrich, Der Kriminalfall Mayerling, 40.
43. Ibid., 52.
44. Marek, 296; Judtmann, 29.
45. Radziwill, Austrian Court, 120.
46. Berliner Börsencourier, February 24, 1889.
47. Larisch, My Past, 219–20.
48. Paget, Embassies, 2:467.
49. Ibid.; Vivian, 56; Fugger, 192.
50. Fugger, 205.
51. Larisch, My Past, 234–35.
52. Fugger, 205.
53. Larisch, My Past, 241.
54. Baltazzi-Scharschmid and Swistun, 170.
55. Quoted in Freisler, 18.
56. Paget, Embassies, 2:470; Margutti, 100.
57. Baltazzi-Scharschmid and Swistun, 179; Berliner Börsencourier, February 24, 1889.
58. Larisch, My Past, 222; cited in Friedrich, Der Kriminalfall Mayerling, 357n1941.
59. Friedrich, Der Kriminalfall Mayerling, 356n1983.
60. Quoted in ibid., 356.
61. Ibid., 50, 52.
62. Nemec and Nemec-Jirak, 174.
63. Louise of Belgium, 103.
64. Larisch, My Past, 210–20; Berliner Börsencourier, February 24, 1889.
65. Larisch, My Past, 221–22.
66. Radziwill, Austrian Court, 120.
67. Larisch, My Past, 218.
68. Lansdale, 15; Cantacuzène, 64; Marek, 9; Morton, Thunder, 30.
69. Morton, Nervous, 83.
70. Marek, 9; Society Recollections, 221.
71. Morton, Nervous, 78.
72. Der Polizeibericht, 67.
73. Hollaender, in Hantsch and Novotny, 150.
74. Ibid.; Der Polizeibericht, 19.
75. Judtmann, 108, 203; Fugger, 222; Lónyay, 156; Radziwill, Dethroned, 138; cited in Cassels, Clash, 209.
76. Baltazzi-Scharschmid and Swistun, 181; Haslip, Lonely Empress, 387.
77. Fugger, 206.
78. Society Recollections, 155–56; Levetus, 370–72; Paget, Scenes and Memories, 226.
79. Morton, Nervous, 82; Barkeley, 210; Markus, 24; Thiele, Crown Prince Rudolf, 80.
80. Markus and Unterreiner, 19.
81. Ibid., 18–19; Der Vetsera Denkschrift, 23–24, in Markus and Unterreiner, 242–43.
82. Markus, 24.
CHAPTER 5
1. Margutti, 93; Corti, Empress Elisabeth, 278; Ffoulkes, 305.
2. Ffoulkes, 314–16.
3. Corti, Empress Elisabeth, 278, 280.
4. Haslip, Emperor and the Actress, 100; Haslip, Lonely Empress, 295; Burg, 179; Margutti, 93; de Fontenoy, Secret Memoirs, 2:160.
5. Larisch, My Past, 104, 106–7.
6. Larisch, My Past, 375.
7. Haslip, Lonely Empress, 388; de Fontenoy, Secret Memoirs, 2:161.
8. Sokop, 152; Larisch, My Past, 76, 102; Listowel, 191; Judtmann, 33.
9. Sokop, 156.
10. Ibid.
11. Der Vetsera Denkschrift, 23, in Markus and Unterreiner, 242.
12. Larisch, My Past, 221.
13. Monts, 277.
14. Larisch, My Past, 244.
15. L’Éclair, September 3, 1891; Haslip, Lonely Empress, 367; Judtmann, 32, 72–73; Listowel, 192; Markus, 103.
16. Baltazzi-Scharschmid and Swistun, 191.
17. Der Vetsera Denkschrift, 35, in Markus and Unterreiner, 246.
18. Ibid., 33, in Markus and Unterreiner, 245.
19. Ibid., 25, in Markus and Unterreiner, 243.
20. Schiel, 281.
21. Kürenberg, 95.
22. Baltazzi-Scharschmid and Swistun, 185.
23. Quoted in “Glimpses,” Royalty Digest 1, no. 1 (July 1991): 20.
24. Markus and Unterreiner, 20.
25. Cited in Barkeley, 207.
26. Der Vetsera Denkschrift, 19, in Markus and Unterreiner, 241.
27. Ibid., 25, in Markus and Unterreiner, 243.
28. Larisch, My Past, 221–27.
29. Hoyos Addendum, in HHS, Box 21; also in Mitis, 281; Haslip, Lonely Empress, 389.
30. Haslip, Lonely Empress, 389.
31. Larisch, My Past, 220–21, 235.
32. Ibid., 226–27, 235.
33. Larisch, My Past, 243; Markus, 24–25, 61.
34. Friedrich, Der Kriminalfall Mayerling, 213.
35. Sokop, 120, 182; Friedrich, Der Kriminalfall Mayerling, 213.
36. Larisch, My Past, 228.
37. Dom Duarte de Bragança to Sue Woolmans, e-mail of February 1, 2016.
38. Larisch, My Past, 237.
39. Ibid., 248.
40. Ibid., 269.
41. Barkeley, 208; Listowel, 131; Lónyay, 122–24.
42. Corti, Empress Elisabeth, 390.
43. Morton, Nervous, 130.
44. Larisch, My Past, 260.
45. Ibid., 248.
46. Ibid., 238–39.
47. Fugger, 190.
48. Haslip, Emperor and the Actress, 92; Haslip, Lonely Empress, 388; Fugger, 191.
49. Barkeley, 207; Morton, Nervous, 83–84; Neue Freie Presse, August 21, 1921.
50. Morton, Nervous, 119.
51. Ibid., 121–23.
52. Quoted in ibid., 123.
53. Cited in Barkeley, 206.
54. Larisch, My Past, 249, 303–4; Judtmann, 81; Mary Vetsera to Hermine Tobias, letter of November 5, 1888, in Der Vetsera Denkschrift, 29–32, in Markus and Unterreiner, 244–45.