7 Henry James to Ettie Desborough, Hertfordshire Archives and Local Studies. Quoted in Nicholas Mosley, p.399.
8 Quoted in Cynthia Asquith, Remember and Be Glad, p.199.
9 Nicholas Mosley, p.349.
10 Cynthia Asquith, Remember and Be Glad, p.199.
11 Israel Gollancz, Pearl: An English Poem of the Fourteenth Century Re-Set in Modern English (London: George W. Jones, 1918).
12 ‘Red Cross Pearls’, The Times, 10 December 1918, p.11.
13 Israel Gollancz.
14 Ibid.
15 Ruth Hibbard, ‘Pearls: Piety, Poetry and Pre-Raphaelites – Part One’, Victoria and Albert Museum blog (2013).
16 Israel Gollancz.
17 Ruth Hibbard.
18 Israel Gollancz.
19 Ibid.
20 Tennyson, quoted in Israel Gollancz.
21 A.N. Wilson, ‘Tennyson’s In Memoriam: A Farewell to Religious Certainty’, The Guardian, 4 January 2011.
22 Raymond Asquith to H.T. Baker, 28 December 1897. In John Joliffe, p.33.
23 Raymond Asquith to H.T. Baker, undated. Ibid., p.34.
24 Cynthia Asquith, Diaries, pp.136, 148.
25 J.M. Barrie, ‘Bron the Gallant’, The Times, 4 December 1916, p.11.
26 Maurice Baring, The Puppet Show of Memory (Boston: Little, Brown & Company, 1922) p.170.
27 Raymond Asquith to Aubrey Herbert, 20 March 1906. In John Joliffe, p.140.
28 Raymond Asquith to Katharine Horner, 20 March 1905. Ibid., pp.123–24.
29 Tessa Boase, The Housekeeper’s Tale: The Women Who Really Ran the English Country House (Aurum Press, 2014).
30 J.M. Barrie, ‘Bron the Gallant’, The Times, 4 December 1916, p.11.
31 Maurice Baring, Flying Corps Headquarters 1914–1918 (London: Faber & Faber, 2008) p.12.
32 Anne de Courcy, pp.299–300.
33 Jeanne MacKenzie, The Children of the Souls: A Tragedy of the First World War (London: Chatto & Windus, 1986) p.32.
34 Maurice Baring to Ethel Smyth, 25 October 1914. In Ethel Smyth, Maurice Baring (London: William Heinemann, 1938) p.314.
35 Mark Pottle, p.10.
36 Maurice Baring, Flying Corps Headquarters, p.86.
37 Maurice Baring to Ethel Smyth, 20 September 1916. In Ethel Smyth, p.314.
38 Nicholas Mosley, p.147.
39 Maurice Baring, Flying Corps Headquarters, p.194.
40 J.M. Barrie, ‘Bron the Gallant’, The Times, 4 December 1916, p.11.
41 Maurice Baring. Flying Corps Headquarters, pp.186–88.
42 Richard Davenport-Hines, p.213.
43 ‘Crowns, Coronets and Courtiers’, The Sketch, 13 December 1916, p.230.
44 Maurice Baring. Flying Corps Headquarters, p.193.
45 J.M. Barrie, ‘Bron the Gallant’, The Times, 4 December 1916, p.11.
46 Maurice Baring, The Puppet Show of Memory, p.396.
47 ‘Maurice Baring: Obituary’, The Times, 17 December 1945, p.6.
48 Laura Lovat, Maurice Baring: A Postscript by Laura Lovat with Some Letters and Verse (London: Hollis & Carter, 1947) p.12.
49 Maurice Baring, Darby and Joan (Thirsk, Yorkshire: House of Stratus, 1935) p.124.
50 Maurice Baring, In Memoriam: Auberon Herbert, Captain Lord Lucas, Royal Flying Corps, Killed November 3, 1916 (Oxford: B.H. Blackwell, 1917) p.13.
51 Elizabeth Vandiver, Stand in the Trench, Achilles: Classical Receptions in British Poetry of the First World War (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2010), p.360–61.
52 Maurice Baring. In Memoriam, p.14.
53 T.E. Shaw to Maurice Baring, 30 October 1928. In Ethel Smyth, p.338.
CHAPTER ELEVEN
1 Paul Cornish, p.218.
2 Lyn MacDonald. The Roses of No Man’s Land, p.312.
3 Peter Hart, pp.362–64.
4 Sir Robert Hudson to Lord Northcliffe, 22 June 1918, Northcliffe Papers. The British Library: ADD MS 62169 Vol.XVII (ff.171).
5 War Office telegram, 31 October 1914. Lansdowne Papers, Bowood Archive.
6 Henry, 5th Marquess of Lansdowne to his wife Maud, 28 October 1915. Lansdowne Papers, Bowood Archive.
7 Henry, 5th Marquess of Lansdowne to his wife Maud, 8 November 1915. Lansdowne Papers, Bowood Archive.
8 Extracts from the account of Lord Charles Mercer Nairne (1874–1914) written by the 5th Marquess of Lansdowne for his grandson, George. Lansdowne Papers, Bowood Archive.
9 Henry, 5th Marquess of Lansdowne to Lord Edmond, 4 October 1917. Lansdowne Papers, Bowood Archive.
10 Quoted in ‘For King and Country: Bowood and the First World War’, Western Daily Press, 8 March 2014.
11 Jeremy Paxman, p.237.
12 ‘The Way of the War’, The Graphic, 8 December 1917, p.4.
13 ‘Motley Notes’, The Sketch, 19 December 1917, p.246.
14 Diana Duff Cooper, p.191.
15 Jeremy Paxman, p.237.
16 ‘Lotteries for War Charities’, The Times, 29 July 1918, p.7.
17 ‘Letter to the Editor from Edward Winton, the Bishop of Winchester. The Lotteries Bill’, The Times, 2 August 1918, p.9.
18 ‘Bishop of Norwich: The Lotteries Bill’, The Tiimes, 5 August 1918, p.9.
19 ‘Common Sense: The Lotteries Bill’, The Times, 6 August 1918, p.5.
20 Archbishop of Canterbury, 29 July 1918. Lotteries (War Charities) Bill, Hansard.
21 Sir Robert Hudson to Lord Northcliffe, 28 July 1918. Northcliffe Papers, The British Library: ADD MS 62169 (ff.171).
22 Lord Northcliffe to Sir Robert Hudson, undated. Ibid.
23 Sir Robert Hudson to Lord Northcliffe, 30 July 1918. Ibid.
24 Lord Northcliffe to Sir Robert Hudson, 1 August 1918. Ibid.
25 Lady Northcliffe to David Lloyd George, undated. Parliamentary Archive: LG/F/41/8/33.
26 12 February 1916, in A.J.P. Taylor, p.98.
27 29 April 1917. Ibid., p.157.
28 Sir George Cave, 6 August 1918. Lotteries (War Charities) Bill, Hansard.
29 Theodore Taylor, 6 August 1918. Ibid.
30 Sir Stephen Collins, 6 August 1918. Ibid.
31 Sidney Robinson, 6 August 1918. Ibid.
32 Evelyn Cecil. 6 August 1918. Ibid.
33 Sir Arthur Stanley, 6 August 1918. Ibid.
34 ‘The Letters of Eve’, Tatler, 14 August 1918, p.170.
35 ‘The Lotteries Bill’, The Official Journal of the British Red Cross Society (September 1918) p.101.
36 ‘The Vote on the Lotteries Bill’, The Times, 8 August 1918, p.7.
37 ‘Letter to the Editor’, The Spectator, 9 August 1918.
38 ‘The Pearl Queue’, Daily Mail, 18 December 1918, p.3.
CHAPTER TWELVE
1 John Pollock, Kitchener (London: Robinson, 1998) p.482.
2 Anne de Courcy, p.319.
3 Raymond Asquith to Katharine Asquith, 11 June 1916. In John Joliffe, p.267.
4 Vera Brittain, p.272.
5 ‘King’s Message of Sympathy to Lord Kitchener’s Sister’, Gloucester Chronicle, 10 June 1916, p.5.
6 John Pollock, p.xx.
7 Conversations with Lady Emma Kitchener, 18 January 2016 and October 2016.
8 Letter Referring to Lord Kitchener of Khartoum, 7 November 1916. Imperial War Museum: 6067.
9 Ibid.
10 ‘Lord Kitchener’s Sister’, Portsmouth Evening News, 12 January 1915, p.2.
11 ‘Kitchener’s Sister Dead’, Yorkshire Evening Post, 10 February 1925, p.9.
12 John Pollock, p.486.
13 Raymond Asquith to Katharine Asquith, 13 June 1916. In John Joliffe, p.268.
14 Millie Parker to Mrs Hankey, 18 July 1916. Imperial War Museum: 89/1295.
15 Millie Parker to Captain Brittain, 9 July 1916. Quoted in ‘Pathetic Letter from Kitchener’s Sister’, Dundee Courier, 12 July 1916, p.6.
16 Richard Davenport-Hines, p.101.
17 Ethel Anne Priscilla Grenfell, p.61.
18 Lord Kitchener to Ettie Grenfell, undated. Desborough P
apers, Hertfordshire Archives and Local Studies: DE X789-C22, p.4.
19 Richard Davenport-Hines, p.101.
20 John Pollock, p.445.
21 Lord Kitchener to Willie Grenfell, undated. Desborough Papers, Hertfordshire Archives and Local Studies: DEX789/C26.
22 Richard Davenport-Hines, p.199.
23 Lord Kitchener to Ettie Grenfell, 9 August 1915. In Ethel Anne Priscilla Grenfell, pp.617–18.
24 Tom Clarke, p.76.
25 Anne de Courcy, p.277.
26 James Munson, p.106.
27 Margot Asquith, 26 October 1914. In Michael and Eleanor Brock, p.40.
28 Margot Asquith, 4 June 1915. Ibid., pp.148–49.
29 Quoted in J. Lee Thompson, Northcliffe: Press Baron in Politics 1865–1922 (London: John Murray, 2000) p.254.
30 ‘Frances Parker Alias Janet Arthur’, Scottish Archives for Schools Online.
31 Elizabeth Crawford, The Women’s Suffrage Movement: A Reference Guide 1866–1928 (London: Routledge, 2003) p.526.
32 Lynsey Jenkins, p.210.
33 Elizabeth Crawford, p.526.
34 J. Lee Thompson, p.208.
35 Quoted in Reginald Pound and Geoffrey Harmsworth, p.518.
36 David Stevenson, p.440.
37 Adrian Gregory, p.96.
38 ‘Lord Kitchener’s Sister and Drink’, Hull Daily Mail, 12 April 1915, p.3.
39 ‘Lord Kitchener’s Sister at Dunfermline’, Dundee Courier, p.5.
40 Anne de Courcy, p.253.
41 Adrian Gregory, p.109.
42 Anne de Courcy, p.254.
43 ‘Red Cross Rubies’, Daily Mail, 29 July 1918, p.4.
44 ‘Red Cross Pearls’, Daily Mail, 9 August 1918, p.4.
45 M.W. Daly, The Sirdar: Sir Reginald Wingate and the British Empire in the Middle East, Vol. 222 (American Philosophical Society, 1997) p.100.
46 Ibid., pp.166–67.
47 Rudyard Kipling to Lieutenant W.H. Lewis, 5 December 1913. Rudyard Kipling and Thomas Pinney, The Letters of Rudyard Kipling 1911–1919 (Iowa: University of Iowa Press, 1990).
48 M.W. Daly, pp.251, 319.
49 ‘Lord Norbury as Factory Worker’, Yorkshire Evening Post, 15 June 1915, p.6.
50 ‘Peer as a Fitter to Start Work in an Aeroplane Factory’, Birmingham Gazette, 16 June 1915, p.5.
51 ‘War News as seen by our Cartoonist’, Sunday Mirror, 27 June 1915, p.11.
52 ‘Peer-Mechanic Hard at Work’, Dundee Evening Telegraph, 3 September 1915, p.2.
53 Jeremy Paxman, p.238.
CHAPTER THIRTEEN
1 Norman Stone, p.175.
2 Paul Cornish, p.220.
3 Ibid., pp.223–26.
4 Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, ‘Santa Filomena’, Birds of Passage: Flight the First.
5 ‘Tiffany Windows’, www.redcross.org.
6 ‘Red Cross Pearls’, The Times, 7 December 1918, p.11.
7 Red Cross Pearl Necklace Auction Catalogue, December 1918, Victoria & Albert Museum, Christie’s Archive and Red Cross Archive.
8 ‘The Red Cross Pearls’, The Times, 3 December 1918, p.11.
9 Hans Nadelhoffer, Cartier (Chronicle Books, 2007) pp.118–20.
10 Ibid., p.120.
11 Ibid.
12 Ibid., pp.120–21.
13 H.C. Marillier, Christie’s 1766–1925 (London: Constable & Co., 1926) p.163.
14 ‘An Ideal New Year’s Gift: Sessel Pearls’, The Queen, 5 January 1918, p.29.
15 ‘Dress and Fashion’, The Queen, 2 February 1918, p.146.
16 Arthur J. Rees, The Hand in the Dark (London: John Lane, 1920).
CHAPTER FOURTEEN
1 Nicola Beauman, p.241.
2 Mary Wemyss’ Diary, 11 November 1918, Wemyss Papers.
3 Ettie Grenfell to Mary Wemyss, 11 November 1918. Quoted in Richard Davenport-Hines, p.229.
4 Ibid., p.228.
5 Ettie Grenfell to Letty Elcho, 15 November 1918. Wemyss Papers: vi.2.042.
6 Mary Wemyss to Ettie Grenfell, 27 November 1918. Desborough Papers, Hertfordshire Archives and Local Studies: D/ERV477/63.
7 Ettie Grenfell to Letty Elcho, 15 November 1918. Wemyss Papers: vi. 2.042.
8 Cynthia Asquith, Diaries, 7 October 1918, p.480.
9 ‘The Red Cross Pearls’, The Times, 25 November 1918, p.5.
10 Ibid.
11 ‘Pearl Sale Week’, Daily Mail, 17 December 1918, p.5.
12 ‘The Sale of the Red Cross Pearls’, The Queen, 28 December 1918, p.634.
13 ‘Pearl Sale Week’, Daily Mail, 17 December 1918, p.5.
14 H.C. Marillier, p.150.
15 ‘Selling Household Goods for Charity: The Red Cross Auction’, Illustrated London News, 17 April 1915.
16 Ibid.
17 H.C. Marillier, Christie’s 1766–1925 (London: Constable and Co., 1926) pp.152–3.
18 ‘Small Talk’, The Sketch, 5 May 1915, p.98.
19 Raleigh Trevelyan, Grand Dukes and Diamonds: The Wernhers of Luton Hoo (London: Secker & Warburg, 1991) p.173.
20 F.M.L. Thompson, English Landed Society in the Nineteenth Century (London: Routledge, 2013).
21 Raleigh Trevelyan, p.174.
22 For a full description of the Wernhers’ lifestyle see Raleigh Trevelyan, Grand Dukes and Diamonds.
23 Raleigh Trevelyan, p.254.
24 Ibid., p.266.
25 Ibid., p.267.
26 ‘Crowns, Coronets, Courtiers’, The Sketch, 26 January 1916, p.76.
27 ‘Small Talk’, The Sketch, 5 May 1915, p.98.
28 Ibid.
29 ‘Crowns, Coronets, Courtiers’, The Sketch, 26 January 1916, p.76.
30 ‘Art Treasures for Red Cross Sale’, The Times, 4 March 1916, p.9.
31 Raleigh Trevelyan, p.266.
32 Ibid., pp.295–96.
33 ‘Lady Northcliffe Red Cross Sales: Crowns, Coronets, Courtiers’, The Sketch, 2 February 1916, p.100.
34 ‘Christie’s Sales’, ‘Report of the Red Cross Society’s War Activities. Part III. Sources of Income’. Red Cross Archives (1921) p.36.
35 H.C. Marillier, p.153.
36 ‘Art Treasures for Red Cross Sale’, The Times, 4 March 1916, p.9.
37 ‘Crowns, Coronets, Courtiers’, The Sketch, 21 April 1915, p.54.
38 H.C. Marillier, p.155.
39 ‘Crowns, Coronets, Courtiers’, The Sketch, 24 January 1917, p.78.
40 Raleigh Trevelyan, p.272.
41 ‘Lady Wernher’s Millions’, Sunderland Daily Echo and Shipping Gazette, 17 January 1917, p.2.
42 ‘Crowns, Coronets, Courtiers’, The Sketch, 24 January 1917, p.78.
43 Norma S. Davis, A Lark Ascends: Florence Kate Upton, Artist and Illustrator (Scarecrow Press, 1992) p.147.
44 Ibid.
45 For a full discussion of this idea see James Fox, British Art and the First World War 1914–1924 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2015) p.63.
CHAPTER FIFTEEN
1 ‘The Welcome to Haig’, Newcastle Journal, 20 December 1918, p.1.
2 Ibid.
3 ‘The Letters of Eve’, Tatler, 20 June 1917.
4 ‘The Woman About Town’, The Sketch, 20 June 1917, p.vi.
5 Raleigh Trevelyan, pp.xxi–xxii.
6 ‘Mr Anderson’s Speech’, Christie’s Archive.
7 ‘£22,000 for the Necklace’, The Times, 20 December 1918, p.11.
8 Niall Ferguson, p.247.
9 Jeremy Paxman, pp.81–82.
10 ‘The Kitchener Bowl’, Liverpool Daily Post, 24 June 1916, p.1.
11 ‘Red Cross Pearls’, The Times, 14 December 1918, p.5.
12 ‘The Necklace Mystery’, New Zealand Herald, 26 August 1913, p.4.
13 ‘Crowns, Coronets, Courtiers’, The Sketch, 21 April 1915, p.54.
14 Lord Rowallan. Rowallan: The Autobiography of Lord Rowallan, K.T. (Edinburgh: Paul Harris Publishing, 1976) p.37.
15 ‘Red Cross Prisoners’, Birmingham Gazette, 5 January 1916, p.4.
16 Elsie Corbett, Red Cros
s in Serbia 1915–1919. A Personal Diary of Experiences (Banbury: Cheney & Sons, 1964) p.viii.
17 Ibid., p.74.
18 Ibid., p.111.
19 Ibid.
20 Ibid., p.vii.
21 Lord Rowallan, Rowallan: The Autobiography of Lord Rowallan, K.T. (Edinburgh: Paul Harris Publishing, 1976) p.49.
22 Lord Rowallan, p.47.
23 Ibid., p.50.
24 ‘Popular Wedding at St Andrews’, Dundee Evening Telegraph, 14 August 1918, p.3.
25 The Rowallan family do not know what happened to the necklace. Elsie had a pearl necklace which she intended to leave to her niece, but when she died in the Priory, London, no one could find her pearl necklace. Her sister-in-law, Lady Rowallan, had a single-strand pearl necklace which was made up of natural pearls, not cultured, but it was stolen from her in the Lansdowne Club in the 1960s. Information from Lady Rowallan’s daughter, Fiona Patterson.
26 ‘This Morning’, Daily Mirror, 13 April 1915, p.12.
27 The Countess of Carnarvon, Lady Almina and the Real Downton Abbey: The Lost Legacy of Highclere Castle (London: Hodder & Stoughton, 2011) p.222.
28 ‘Memories and Tears’, The Times, 2 December 1918, p.11.
CHAPTER SIXTEEN
1 ‘The Times Fund’, ‘Part III – Sources of Income’, Red Cross Archives, p.15.
2 ‘The Times Fund’, Red Cross Journal (15 January 1919) Red Cross Archives.
3 ‘The Times Fund’, Red Cross Journal (15 May 1918) Red Cross Archives.
4 Reginald Pound and Geoffrey Harmsworth, p.533.
5 J. Lee Thompson, p.361.
6 ‘Hudson and Northcliffe Friends’, The Sydney Mail, 8 October 1930.
7 J. Lee Thompson, p.394.
8 J. Lee Thompson, p.1.
9 Reginald Pound and Geoffrey Harmsworth, p.882.
10 ‘A Love Triangle that Never was Profane’, The Brooklyn Daily Eagle, 6 May 1923.
11 Paul Ferris, p.271.
12 Cecil H. King, Strictly Personal: Some Memoirs of Cecil H. King (London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 1969) p.62.
13 ‘A Love Triangle that Never was Profane’, The Brooklyn Daily Eagle, 6 May 1923.
14 Ibid.
15 Paul Ferris, p.304.
16 ‘Pearl Necklace Fund’, Reports of the Joint Committee 1919, Red Cross Archives.
17 ‘France and Belgium. Convalescent Homes’, Reports of the Joint Committee 1920, Red Cross Archives.
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