Sills, Beverly, 44
Silverberg, Stanley, 84
single-sex education, 150–53, 162–64
Sisters in Law (Hirshman), 332
Slate, 321
slavery, 102, 105–6, 140, 253, 270, 283
slip sheets, 233
Smith, Chesterfield, 189
Smith College, 26
Smithsonian Institution, 223
Social Security, 160, 168, 189, 225–26, 300, 311–12
Solicitor General, U.S., 84, 92, 156–57, 164, 204, 242, 252, 318
Song of Deborah, 14–15
Sotomayor, Sonia, 77n, 89n, 91, 211, 277, 290, 293, 300, 304, 308, 310, 322, 324, 329, 332, 333
Souter, David, 57, 198, 287, 313, 314
South Africa, 57, 154, 263, 264–65, 269
Southern Poverty Law Center, 133
Sovern, Michael, 27–28
Soviet Union, 125, 260–62, 264
Spera, Clara, 176–77, 177, 180
Spera, Paul, 180
Stanton, Elizabeth Cady, 66, 183
stare decisis principle, 316
state courts, 76, 202, 213–14, 220, 224, 249
state legislatures, 139–40, 244
states’ rights, 293–94, 299–300
Statue of Liberty, 5, 86
Steinem, Gloria, 94–95
Stevens, John Paul, 57, 198, 279, 280, 284, 287, 314, 333
Stevenson, Robert Louis, 5
Stone, Harlan F., 145, 234
Story, Joseph, 97, 99–100
Story, Mary, 99
Story, Sarah Wetmore, 96, 97, 99–100
Story, William, 97
Stow, Marietta, 67
Strauss, Richard, 32, 42
“strict scrutiny” (heightened) standard, 132, 137–38, 150–51, 160–61
Struck, Susan, 163–64, 240–42
Subjection of Women, The (Mill), 119
“submissive majority,” 135–36
suicide, 237–38
“supernumeraries,” 32, 42
supervisors, work, 290–92
Supreme Administrative Court, French, 232–33
Supreme Court, U.S.:
1988 Term of, 206
1993 Term of, 90, 92, 190
1997 Term of, 109
1998 Term of, 206
2005–06 Term of, 279
2006–07 Term of, 276
2011–12 Term of, 299
2012–13 Term of, 253, 277, 279
2014–15 Term of, 35
2015–16 Term of, xviii, 36, 317–30
2016–17 Term of, 329
Associate Justices of, xxi, 96, 167–80, 190, 223, 227, 232, 273–316
briefs submitted to, 63, 113, 116–17, 131–38, 156, 164, 185–86, 193, 203, 204, 205, 206, 208–9
Chief Justice of, 96, 97, 101–9, 113, 194–95, 211–12, 222–27, 246, 278–79, 300, 313
collegiality in, 37, 38–41, 56–60, 89, 92, 98–99, 109, 186–87, 195–96, 206–7, 212–13, 224, 228, 231–39, 286
concurring opinions of, 106, 212, 279, 322–23
conferences of, 56–57, 90, 202–7, 211–12, 223, 226, 279, 281
confirmation hearings for, 189, 234, 251–52, 253, 254, 255
“court-packing” plan for, 216
decision-making process in, 185, 205–14, 224, 231–47, 317–30, 331
dissenting opinions in, 35–36, 39–40, 105–6, 150, 203, 206–7, 212, 223, 232–36, 238, 254, 276–86, 290–92
division or splits in, 206–7, 213, 318–19, 325, 329
docket for, 206–7
draft opinions of, 90–91, 198–99, 203
final judgments of, 224, 245
Jewish members of, 78–85
junior Justices of, 58, 202, 211, 318
law procedure for, 113, 194–95, 201–14, 228–46, 321
life tenure for, 213
majority opinions of, 40, 116, 138, 150, 160–61, 198–99, 203, 211, 212, 223, 232–36, 255–56, 277, 281–85, 286, 293, 300, 301, 313, 318–19, 322, 327
media coverage of, 124, 168–69, 179, 188–89, 206–7, 223, 224, 234, 253, 261–63, 276, 280, 293, 299–300, 321, 323
opinion assignments in, 90–91, 92, 194, 211, 212–13, 226, 231–39, 281–82, 321, 334
oral arguments before, xxi, 58, 92, 116, 164, 194, 203, 204, 205, 208–10, 309, 321–22, 324, 329, 334
petitions for, 202–7, 256–57, 324
plurality opinions in, 137, 157
public opinion on, 195–96, 199, 202, 204, 212, 216, 236, 283–84
questions from the bench in, 209–10, 324, 334
recesses of, 59
recusals from, 210, 318
retirement from, 57, 60, 76–77, 83–84, 93, 198, 216, 313, 331, 332–33
review standards of, 152–53, 131–32, 137–38, 194, 201–8, 219–20, 242, 296–97
robes for, 224–25
salaries of, 60, 213, 215
seniority system in, 48, 202, 211
separate opinions in, 232–37
spouses of, xviin, 96–109
summary dismissals in, 204–5, 208
transcripts of, 210
unanimous opinions of, 98–99, 160, 234–35, 261–62, 274, 278–79, 286
voting by, 203, 211–12
workways of, 201–14
Supreme Court, U.S., cases of:
Abigail Fisher v. University of Texas, 197, 274, 277, 279, 296–98, 318–21, 327–28
Abood v. Detroit Board of Education, 325
Arizona Free Enterprise Club v. Bennett, 280, 284
Atkins v. Virginia, 255
Attorney General v. X (Ireland), 237–38
Bakke (Regents of the University of California v. Bakke), 197, 272, 298, 319
Bank Markazi v. Peterson, 328, 329
Boumediene v. Bush, 256
Bradwell v. Illinois, 106
Brown v. Board of Education, 122, 155, 196–97, 245–46, 259–65, 267, 280
Burwell v. Hobby Lobby, 277, 307–12
Bush v. Gore, 27, 39, 280, 299
Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission, 280, 284
Civil Rights Cases, 105–6, 283
Craig v. Boren, 137, 160–61
Dollar General v. Mississippi Band of Choctaw Indians, 325
Dred Scott v. Sandford, 105–6, 237, 253, 283
Dudgeon v. United Kingdom (British), 256
Erie R.R. Co. v. Tompkins, 234
Evenwel v. Abbott, 326
Friedrichs v. California Teachers Association, 325
Frontiero v. Richardson, xxi, 115, 117, 131–38, 139, 145, 148, 157, 158–59
Goesaert v. Cleary, 135, 158
Gonzales v. Carhart, 277, 313–16
Gonzales v. Planned Parenthood, 313–16
Graham v. Richardson, 134
Gratz v. Bollinger, 197, 272–73, 297
Griggs v. Duke Power Co., 271–72, 274
Grutter v. Bollinger, 197, 272–73, 296–97, 298, 319, 327
Hamdan v. Rumsfeld, 256–57
Hoyt v. Florida, 135 158–59, 161
Kirstein v. University of Virginia (federal district court), 122, 124
Lawrence v. Texas, 256
Ledbetter v. Goodyear Tire & Rubber Co., 67, 276, 277, 284–85, 287–89, 290, 292
Lorance v. AT&T Technologies, Inc., 289
Loving v. Virginia, 197, 246, 265–67
Mississippi University for Women v. Hogan, 150, 153
Moritz (Charles E. Moritz v. Commissioner of Internal Revenue)(cert. denied), 114–15, 116, 126–30, 156–57
Muller v. Oregon, 58, 135
National Federation of Independent Business (NFIB) v. Sebelius, 277, 299–306
Olmstead v. United States, 21, 22
Parents Involved in Community Schools v. Seattle School District No. 1, 273
Planned Parenthood of Southeastern Pennsylvania v. Casey, 240, 246–47, 314–15, 316, 322, 323
Plessy v. Ferguson, 105
Reed v. Reed, xxi, 114, 115, 116, 124, 128, 137, 156, 159–60, 161, 250–
51
Ricci v. DeStefano, 273–74
RJR Nabisco, Inc. v. European Community, 328–29
Roe v. Wade, 196, 239–40, 242, 244–47, 313, 314, 316, 322, 323
Roper v. Simmons, 257
Seidenberg v. McSorley’s Old Ale House (federal district court), 124
Shelby County v. Holder, 277, 280, 292–96
Shelley v. Kraemer, 84
South Carolina v. Katzenbach, 293
Stenberg v. Carhart, 313, 314–15
Struck v. Secretary of Defense, 163–64, 240–42
United States v. Carolene Products Co., 145
United States v. Lee, 311–12
United States v. Texas, 324, 325
Vance v. Ball State University, 277, 290–92
VMI (United States v. Virginia), 39, 116, 117, 138, 150–53, 162–64, 198, 226, 281
Voisine v. United States, 324
Wal-Mart v. Dukes, 285
Weinberger v. Wiesenfeld, 160, 161, 162, 225–26
Whole Woman’s Health v. Hellerstedt, 318, 321–23, 328
Williams v. McNair, 135
Zubik v. Burwell, 326
Supreme Court Historical Society, 58, 101, 103
Supreme Court Marshal’s Office, 105, 106
Supreme Court of Canada, 59, 76, 255
Supreme Court of Great Britain, 231–32
Supreme Court of Ireland, 187, 237–38
Supreme Court of the United Kingdom, 214
Supreme Court Public Information Office, 222
Supreme Court’s Bar, 58, 65, 66–67, 77, 105, 175
suspect classifications, 132, 133–38, 139, 145
Sweden, xxi, 63, 113, 115, 119–20, 249–50
symphony orchestras, 285–86
Szold, Henrietta, 87–88
Taft, Charles, 109
Taft, Helen, 109
Taft, Helen Herron “Nellie,” 97–98, 107–9
Taft, Robert, 109
Taft, William Howard, 97–98, 107–9, 281–82
Taney, Roger B., 105–6, 253
Tax Court, 127–29
tax deductions and exemptions, 114–15, 120, 225–26, 299–300, 311–12
Tax Reform Act (1969), 120
Tebaldi, Renata, 44
Ten Commandments, 9, 10, 219
Tennessee, 102–3
“Tenth Justice,” 204
Texas, 197, 239–40, 255, 274, 277, 318–23, 325, 327
Texas, University of, 197, 274n, 277, 279, 296–98, 318–21, 327–28
Thirteenth Amendment, 283, 293
Thomas, Clarence, 150, 179, 189, 255, 321, 324
Thomas, Marlo, 94
“three horribles,” 117, 145–48
Tidewater Inn, 167–68
Tiger, Lionel, 95
Time, 262, 332
Times (London), 81, 262
Title VII, 121–22, 123, 142, 143, 145, 175, 271, 277, 284–89, 290, 291, 292, 309
Title IX, 142–43
Tomb of the Unknown Soldier, 163
“Top Ten Percent Law,” 274, 296–98, 321, 327–28
torture, 257–58
Toti, Stephanie, 321
Toward an Understanding of Achievement-Related Conflicts in Women (Horner), 136
treaties, foreign, 248–49
Tribe, Laurence, 40
Truman, Harry S., 7, 9, 44, 75, 259–60
Truman, Margaret, 44
Tubman, Harriet, 183
Tulane Law School, 41, 248n, 277, 278
Tyler, Amanda, 222
undocumented aliens, 59, 168, 325
“undue burden” standard, 321, 322
unemployment insurance, 204–5, 243–44, 308
unemployment rate, 142, 270–71
United Nations, 9, 10–11, 116, 261, 263, 269
United Nations Charter, 9, 10–11
United Nations Commission on Human Rights, 9
United States Reports, 198, 236
U.S. Code (USC), 143, 156–57, 324
U.S. Judicial Conferences, 223, 227
Utah Supreme Court, 204–5
Verdi, Giuseppe, 34, 47
Vermeule, Adrian, 256–57
Vermont, 167–68, 169
vetting process, 168–71, 189
Vietnam War, 71, 72, 163–64, 240–42
Virginia, 138, 197, 223, 255–56, 265–67
Virginia, University of, 40, 122, 124
Virginia Military Institute (VMI), 39–40, 116, 117, 138, 150–53, 162–64, 198, 226, 281
Virginia Women’s Institute for Leadership (VWIL), 151–52
Voice of America (VOA), 261–62
voter registration, 295, 326–27
Voting Rights Act (1965), 206, 280, 284, 292–96
Wagner, Richard, 34
Wake Forest Law School, 154n, 201n, 215n
Wang, Derrick, 37, 41, 43–55, 195, 331
war on terror, 59, 213, 256–58
Warren, Earl, 158, 197, 260, 266
Washington, Bushrod, 98
Washington, D.C., 66, 98–109
Washington, (Julia) Ann, 98
Washington National Opera, 32, 41, 42, 44–45, 57
Washington Post, 44, 108, 267, 321
Washington State, 163, 197, 273
“We Are Different, We Are One” (Wang), 37, 44, 53–55
Webster, Daniel, 208
WFMT radio, 33–37
White, Byron R., 167, 173, 187
White House Rose Garden, 171, 173–78, 177
Wiesenfeld, Paula, 160
Wiesenfeld, Stephen, 160, 161, 162, 189, 225–26
William & Mary Law Review, 249
Williams, Wendy W., xiii, 27
Wilson, Woodrow, 82
Wise, Stephen S., 15
women:
abuse of, 158–59, 289–92
black, 167, 265–67
discrimination against, 28–29, 113–64, 188, 189, 225, 239, 242–51, 287–89
education of, 115–16, 122–24, 125, 135, 142–45, 162–64, 243, 271–72, 275, 281
employment of, 58, 60, 65, 67, 73–74, 119–22, 125, 135, 142, 144, 145–46, 157, 158, 159–60, 204–5, 213, 225, 243–44, 271–74, 276, 284–92, 307–12
equal rights for, 67–68, 95, 113, 115, 121–24, 131–38, 150–64, 169, 171, 185, 188, 193, 195, 204–5, 230–31, 239, 240–47, 250, 264, 269
gender discrimination against, 137–38, 150–64, 239, 242–47
health of, 196, 239–42, 277, 307–16, 318
Jewish, 15–18, 84–88, 182
as judges, 74–76, 85, 175
in law schools, 66, 70–72, 109, 113, 122–24, 175, 250, 267
as lawyers, 65–66, 69–77, 106, 144, 145
liberation movement for, 94–95, 113, 116, 119–25, 140–41, 154–64, 189, 243
in military, 131–38, 145, 146–47, 157, 159–60, 162–64, 240–42, 281
as mothers, 114, 158–59
pay discrepancies for, 60, 119–22, 159–60, 225, 284–86, 311
political influence of, 58, 59, 65–68, 134, 136, 196, 246–47
property rights of, 71, 84, 100, 114, 158–59, 230, 231, 250
“protective laws” for, 121–22, 134
role-models, 63–109
sexual harassment of, 289–92
stereotypes of, 5, 135–36, 146, 153, 158–61
suffrage for, 15, 65, 67–68, 81, 98, 120, 139, 141, 144, 230–31
as Supreme Court Justices, 68, 76–77, 85, 89–95, 96, 150, 175, 187–88, 190, 225, 267, 329, 332–33
working, xvi, 73–74
Women’s Law and Public Policy Fellowship Program, xiii, 27–30
Women’s Rights Project, xiii, xxi, 115, 128, 154, 155, 161–62, 228, 264
World War II, 5–7, 9, 16, 71–72, 142, 196–97, 252, 259–60, 270
Yale University, 74, 79, 123, 273
Zionism, 15, 83, 86
Zionist Organization of America, 83
Illustration Credits
Throughout text
Steve Petteway, Collection of the Sup
reme Court of the United States
Courtesy of Joan and Stuart Danoff
Courtesy of Justice Ginsburg’s Personal Collection
Courtesy of Justice Ginsburg’s Personal Collection
The Boston Globe / Getty Images
Courtesy of Collection of the Supreme Court of the United States
AP Photo / Stephen R. Brown / File
Courtesy of Collection of the Supreme Court of the United States
White House Photo, Courtesy of Justice Ginsburg’s Personal Collection
Courtesy of Wendy Williams
Courtesy of Mary Hartnett
Insert
1 Courtesy of Collection of the Supreme Court of the United States
2 Courtesy of Justice Ginsburg’s Personal Collection
3 Courtesy of Si and Roz Bessen
4 Courtesy of Justice Ginsburg’s Personal Collection
5 Courtesy of Collection of the Supreme Court of the United States
6 Courtesy of Collection of the Supreme Court of the United States
7 Courtesy of Justice Ginsburg’s Personal Collection
8 Courtesy of Wendy W. Williams
9 Courtesy of Justice Ginsburg’s Personal Collection
10 Courtesy of Collection of the Supreme Court of the United States
11 White House Photo, Courtesy of Justice Ginsburg’s Personal Collection
12 White House Photo, Courtesy of Justice Ginsburg’s Personal Collection
13 Courtesy of Justice Ginsburg’s Personal Collection
14 Courtesy of Collection of the Supreme Court of the United States
15 Courtesy of James Ginsburg and Patrice Michaels
16 Courtesy of Collection of the Supreme Court of the United States
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My Own Words Page 39