51. Kevin J. Delaney and Robin Sidel, “How Miscalculations and Hubris Hobbled Celebrated Google IPO,” wsj.com, August 19, 2004.
52. Interview with Scott Heiferman, conducted by e-mail, September 2014.
53. Sarah Lacy, “Pando in 2014: Looking Back on an Exhausting, Transformational Year,” pando.com, December 25, 2014.
54. Max Chafkin, “True to Its Roots: Why Kickstarter Won’t Sell,” fastcompany.com, March 18, 2013.
55. “Kickstarter Is a Benefit Corporation,” kickstarter.com, September 21, 2015.
56. J. D. Alois, “Neil Young’s Pono Music Is Now Equity Crowdfunding Following $6.2 Million Kickstarter Hit,” crowdfundinsider.com, August 13, 2014.
57. Mike Masnick, “Larry Lessig Launches Crowdfunded SuperPAC to Try to End SuperPACs,” techdirt.com, May 1, 2014.
58. Jeremy Parish, “How Star Citizen Became the Most Successful Crowd Funded Game of All Time,” wdc.com, January 13, 2015.
59. Rory Carroll, “Silicon Valley’s Culture of Failure . . . and ‘the Walking Dead’ It Leaves Behind,” theguardian.com, June 28, 2014.
60. Steven Poole, “What Does the Oculus Rift Backlash Tell Us? Facebook Just Isn’t Cool,” theguardian.com, March 27, 2014.
61. Nicholas Carson, “The Good, Bad, and Ugly of AngelList Syndicates,” inc.com, September 30, 2013.
62. MicroVentures, “The 5 Keys to Becoming a MicroVentures Angel Investor” (sponsored content), venturebeat.com, January 1, 2014.
63. “How It Works,” crowdfund.co/how-it-works/.
64. OneWorld South Asia, “Hand in Hand Creates 1.3 million Jobs,” southasia.oneworld.net, February 26, 2013.
65. Matthew Ruben, “The Promise of Microfinance for Poverty Relief in the Developing World,” seepnetwork.org, May 2007.
66. Amy Cortese, “Loans That Avoid Banks? Maybe Not,” nytimes.com, May 3, 2014.
67. Amy Cortese, “Seeking Capital, Some Companies Turn to ‘Do-It-Yourself I.P.O.’s,’” nytimes.com, July 31, 2013.
68. “Direct Public Offering,” www.cuttingedgecapital.com/resources-and-links/direct-public-offering/.
69. Dan Rosenberg, “Raising Community Capital: Business Workshop on Direct Public Offerings,” CommonBound Conference, Boston, June 6, 2014.
70. Ibid.
71. Babylonian Talmud, Bava Metzia, 42a.
72. Lietaer and Dunne, Rethinking Money.
73. Warren Buffett, quoted in Schuyler Velasco, “Warren Buffett: 10 Pieces of Investment Advice from America’s Greatest Investor,” Christian Science Monitor, August 30, 2013.
74. Tessa Hebb and Larry Beeferman, “U.S. Pension Funds’ Labour-Friendly Investments,” Alfred P. Sloan Industry Studies 2008, Annual Conference, May 1–2, 2008.
75. Ibid.
76. Hilaire Belloc, The Servile State (CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform, 2008).
77. David Bolier, Think Like a Commoner: A Short Introduction to the Life of the Commons (Vancouver: New Society Publishers, 2014), 23.
78. Elinor Ostrom, Governing the Commons: The Evolution of Institutions for Collective Action (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1990).
79. “Vandana Shiva on the Problem with Genetically Modified Seeds,” Moyers and Co., PBS, July 13, 2012.
80. opensourceecology.org/about-overview/.
81. “Machines: Global Village Construction Set,” opensourceecology.org/gvcs/.
82. opensourceecology.org/about-overview/.
83. David Bollier, “The FLOK Society Vision of a Post-Capitalist Economy,” bollier.org, March 2, 2014.
84. Bethany Horne, “How the FLOK Society Brings a Commons Approach to Ecuador’s Economy,” shareable.net, October 22, 2013.
85. Glyn Moody, “The FLOK Society Project: Making the Good Life Possible Through Good Knowledge,” techdirt.com, June 11, 2014.
86. John Restakis, “The Emilian Model—Profile of a Co-operative Economy,” British Columbia Co-operative Association, bcca.coop, 2000.
87. John Médaille, Toward a Truly Free Market (Wilmington, Del.: Intercollegiate Studies Institute Books, 2011).
88. Ibid.
89. Laura Flanders, “Talking with Chomsky,” counterpunch.org, April 30, 2012.
90. Marie-Claire Kidd, “Plans for Co-Operative Alternative to eBay Take Shape,” thenews.coop, December 3, 2014.
91. “FAQ,” www.fairmondo.de/faq#a1.
92. fairmondo.de.
93. Fairnopoly Team, “Dein Anteil,” info.fairmondo.de, May 14, 2012.
94. “Projekt10000—Gemeinsam unsere Wirtschaft verändern,” mitmachen.fairmondo.de/projekt10000/.
95. Felix Weth, “Genossenschaft 2.0,” info.fairmondo.de, February 12, 2013.
96. Vasilis Kostakis and Michel Bauwens, Network Society and Future Scenarios for a Collaborative Economy (London: Palgrave Macmillan, 2014). A draft is available at p2pfoundation.net, December 30, 2014.
97. Amanda B. Johnson, “La’Zooz: The Decentralized Proof-of-Movement ‘Uber’ Unveiled,” cointelegraph.com, October 19, 2014.
98. Trebor Scholz, “Platform Cooperativism vs. the Sharing Economy,” medium.com, December 5, 2014.
Chapter Five: Distributed
1. Pope Francis, Laudato Si’, papal encyclical, Rome, 2015, paragraph 194.
2. Peter Beinart, “Jeb Bush Tries to Push the Pope Out of Politics,” The Atlantic, June 17, 2015.
3. Pope Francis, Laudato Si’, paragraph 129.
4. Pope Leo XIII, Rerum Novarum, papal encyclical, Rome, 1891.
5. Pope Pius X, Quadragesimo Anno, papal encyclical, Rome, 1931.
6. Belloc, Servile State.
7. G. K. Chesterton, Three Works on Distributism (CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform, 2009).
8. Janine Marchessault, Marshall McLuhan (London: Sage Publications, 2005).
9. Pope Leo XIII, Rerum Novarum.
10. Pope Francis, Laudato Si’, paragraph 114.
Selected Bibliography
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Television
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Web Sites
Horne, Bethany. “How the FLOK Society Brings a Commons Approach to Ecuador’s Economy.” shareable.net. October 22, 2013.
Scholz, Trebor. “Platform Cooperativism vs. the Sharing Economy.” medium.com. December 5, 2014.
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White Paper
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Index
The page numbers in this index refer to the printed version of this book. The link provided will take you to the beginning of that print page. You may need to scroll forward from that location to find the corresponding reference on your e-reader.
acquisitions, 78
Acxiom, 32, 40–41
advertising, 20–21. See also marketing
big data and, 42
branding and, 20, 35–37
“likes” economy and, 35–37
AFL-CIO Housing Investment Trust, 210
Agency.com, 196
Airbnb, 98–99, 213, 219, 222
destructive destruction and, 100
peer-to-peer commerce enabled by, 45, 46
algorithmic trading, 179–84
Alphabet, 78
Amazon, 50, 76, 83, 93, 219, 229
destructive destruction and, 100
highly centralized sales platform of, 29
as platform monopoly, 87–90
Amazon Associates, 89
Amazon Mechanical Turk, 49n, 50, 90, 214, 222
Amazon Prime, 90
American Revolution, 71–72, 75
Ameritrade, 177, 178
amplification, 70, 73
Amsted Industries, 117
Anderson, Chris, 26, 33
Andreessen, Marc, 191–92
angel investors, 187, 188
AngelList, 201
Aoki, Steve, 36
Apple, 37, 76, 80, 83, 141, 218
Ariel, 209–10
aristocracy, 17–18, 22, 70, 128–29, 133, 230
Aristotle, 69
artificial intelligence, 90–91
artisanal economy, 16–18, 21, 22, 226, 233–34
/> arts, funding of, 236
Atkinson, Anthony B., 65
austerity, 136–37
auto attendants, 14
Bandcamp, 29–30
Barber, Brad, 177
Barnes & Noble, 83, 87
barter, 127
barter exchanges, 159
Basecamp, 59–60
BASF, 107
Battle-Bro, 121
Bauwens, Michael, 221
bazaars, 16–18
money and, 127
obsolescence of, caused by corporations, 70–71
Bell, Daniel, 53
Belloc, Hilaire, 229
benefit corporations, 119
Ben & Jerry’s, 80, 205
Benna, Ted, 171
BerkShare, 154–55
Best Buy, 90
Bezos, Jeff, 90, 92–93
Biewald, Lukas, 49–50
big data, 39–44
data point collection and comparisons of, 41–42
game changing product invention reduced by reliance on, 43
predicting future choices, as means of, 41, 42–43
reduction in spontaneity of customers and, 43
social graphs and, 40
suspicion of, as increasing value of data already being sold, 43–44
traditional market research, distinguished, 41
Big Shift, 76
biopiracy, 218
biotech crash of 1987, 6
Bitcoin, 143–49, 150–51, 152, 219, 222
BitTorrent, 142–43, 219
Blackboard, 95–96
Blackstone Group, 115
black swans, 183
blockchain, 144–51, 222
Bitcoin, 144, 145, 146, 147, 149, 222
decentralized autonomous corporations (DACs) and, 149–50
Blogger, 8, 31
Bloomberg, 182
Bodie, Zvie, 174
Borders, 83, 87
bot programs, 37
bounded investing, 210–15
Bovino, Beth Ann, 81–82
Brand, Russell, 36
branding, 20
social, and “likes” economy, 35–37
Branson, Richard, 121
Brin, Sergey, 92–93
Bristol Pounds, 156
British East India Company, 71–72
Throwing Rocks at the Google Bus: How Growth Became the Enemy of Prosperity Page 30