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Liberated Spirits

Page 30

by Hugh Ambrose


  I thank Doug Mitchell, my friend, my brother, my mentor.

  In the period of time needed to complete The Pacific and then the years devoted to researching and writing Liberated Spirits, my wife and I found ourselves fully challenged by various exigencies of life. Such challenges do not make us in any way unusual, but I wish to recognize the debts we owe to our friends, particularly Joel Christiansen and Brad Blickhan. On various occasions in the past few years I have had to call Brad or Joel and ask for huge favors: for instance, to fly down and help me break into the city of New Orleans when it was still under martial law, in the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina, so that I could rescue my research. At a certain point in each of those phone calls, the full import of my request cascaded upon me: the disruption to my friend’s life, his work and his family, the freight of it tangling my speech until either Brad or Joel interrupted my apologetic ramblings with “When?” followed by “Yes. Let me check with my wife, but I think we can make that work.” My wife, Andrea, and I have been blessed with other family and friends who have supported us when we needed it, but this acknowledgment section would be incomplete without the forthright inclusion of our dear friends, particularly the two men who for decades have been my big brothers.

  This book is dedicated to Andrea Ambrose, whose gentle, true spirit is a miracle.

  HUGH AMBROSE

  Helena, Montana

  Postscript

  Hugh Ambrose died on May 23, 2015, within a few months of completing this book. Hugh was the first friend I made when I started graduate school at the University of Montana in 1989. Our friendship ebbed and flowed over the next fifteen years as we each left Montana and careers took us in different directions, but when he asked me to do a little research on the germ of an idea for what would become Liberated Spirits, I didn’t hesitate. As the germ grew, Hugh asked me to serve as his full-time research assistant. Over the course of nearly three years, many diversions slowing the work for both of us, Hugh and I talked or exchanged e-mail on an almost daily basis, he allowing my insights to inform his interpretations and his careful analysis guiding my search for the next, best piece of information. We were brothers-in-arms, and in any relationship between brothers, one leads more often than not, teaching, guiding, and giving more than the other. Hugh led more than he followed, but he always had the courage to take a step behind, to listen, to think, to reassess, and to be equally generous in his criticism and praise. Those gifts have served me well in completing Liberated Spirits for Hugh, his vision of its import and his unique approach to the discussion of the “noble experiment” of Prohibition intact.

  I could not have attempted, let alone completed, this book, without the stalwart support of Hugh’s wife, Andrea, who asked me the day after his funeral, amidst her tragic loss, if I could finish the book. I did not hesitate to commit fully to the effort. Hugh’s drafts, outlines, and extensive notes and our correspondence and the reminders of our many conversations provided me ample guidance for completing Liberated Spirits, offering a capstone to Hugh’s legacy for his family and many friends, so many of whom offered me their support. Prominent among those friends was Hugh’s agent, Brian Lipson, whose faith in me, an unpublished research historian he had never met, bolstered my confidence and my intent. Finally, the gifts of time and quiet offered by my wife, Mary, and our three children, Aidan, Cara, and Tanian, gave me the opportunity to focus all my energies on this effort, and I don’t think I can ever repay their sacrifices, but I will certainly try. They understand how much this work, which never felt like work, has meant to me. I don’t say casually that I will never pursue an endeavor that means as much to me as completing Liberated Spirits. It has been an honor and I believe that it would have earned Hugh’s praise, a thing never given lightly but, when tendered, a source of great pride and contentment for anyone receiving it.

  Please note Hugh’s appreciation for the efforts of Natalee Rosenstein, the editor who initially recognized the merit of Liberated Spirits and secured it for Penguin. After Natalee’s departure from Penguin, Brent Howard took the reins of the project and, without any prior knowledge of the book, kept it alive. A change of position for Brent brought a third editor, Tracy Bernstein, to the project. Her thoughtful comments and suggestions have proven invaluable in improving the telling of the story. Andrea Ambrose and I are deeply appreciative of Penguin’s desire to move forward with Liberated Spirits through a long period of uncertainty.

  JOHN SCHUTTLER

  Bibliography

  ARCHIVAL SOURCES

  AP Images (Associated Press Photo Archive)—Online

  Archives of Canada, Ottawa, Canada

  Department of Marine and Fisheries

  Chicago History Museum, Chicago, IL

  Chicago Daily News Photograph Negatives Collection

  Morton Family Papers

  Sterling Morton Papers

  Columbia University, New York, NY

  Nicholas M. Butler Papers

  Herbert M. Parsons Papers

  “Reminiscences of James Wolcott Wadsworth.” Transcript of oral interview.

  Cornell University, Ithaca, NY

  Hyde Family Papers

  Dwight D. Eisenhower Presidential Library, Abilene, KS

  James H. Smith Papers

  Federal Bureau of Investigation Headquarters, Washington, D.C.

  William Whitney Case File

  Hagley Museum and Library, Wilmington, DE

  Mrs. (Alice) Pierre S. du Pont Papers

  Papers of the Women’s Organization for National Prohibition Repeal

  Harvard University, Houghton Library, Cambridge, MA

  Corinne Roosevelt Robinson Papers

  Harvard University, Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study, Cambridge, MA

  Pauline Sabin Davis Papers

  Mary Ware Dennett Papers

  Elizabeth Tilton Papers

  Emma Guffey Miller Papers

  Maud Wood Park Papers

  Mrs. (Elizabeth) William Lowell Putnam Papers

  Herbert Hoover Presidential Library, West Branch, IA

  Herbert Hoover Papers

  Huntington Library, Pasadena, CA

  Ralph Arnold Collection

  Maynard L. Parker Collection

  Indiana State Library, Indianapolis, IN

  Will Hays Papers

  Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.

  Bain News Service Photograph Collection

  Nannie Helen Burroughs Papers

  Hanna-McCormick Family Papers

  Harris & Ewing Photograph Collection

  National Consumers’ League

  National Photography Company Photograph Collection

  New York World Telegraph Photograph Collection

  Helen Rogers Reid Papers

  Theodore Roosevelt Jr. Papers

  Harlan F. Stone Papers

  James Wadsworth Family Papers

  Mabel Walker Willebrandt Papers

  Women’s Organization for National Prohibition Repeal Papers

  Maine Historical Society, Portland, ME

  James Hopkins Smith Papers

  National Archives and Records Administration, College Park, MD

  Civil Service Commission

  Department of Justice

  Department of the Treasury

  Federal Bureau of Investigation

  Internal Revenue Service

  National Archives and Records Administration, Pacific Northwest Region, Seattle, WA

  Department of the Treasury

  U.S. Coast Guard

  U.S. Customs Service

  U.S. District Court

  National Archives and Records Administration, Pacific Sierra Region, San Bruno, CA

  U.S. Court of Appeals

  National Archives and Records Administration, Washington, D.C.
/>   U.S. Coast Guard

  U.S. Customs Service

  New-York Historical Society, New York, NY

  Jonathan M. Wainwright Papers

  New York Public Library, New York, NY

  Mary Garrett Hay Scrapbook

  “Old” Catalog

  New York State Library and Archives, Albany, NY

  Central Subject and Correspondence Files

  Journal of the Assembly of the State of New York

  Legislative Bill and Veto Jackets

  W. Kingsland Macy Papers

  Republican Party Platforms, Speeches & Ephemera

  Mrs. John S. Sheppard Papers

  Ohio Historical Society, Columbus, OH

  Harry M. Daugherty Papers

  Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA

  Lucille Lomen Collection

  State University of New York–Geneseo

  Wadsworth Family Papers

  State University of New York–Potsdam

  Bertrand Snell Papers

  Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY

  Nathan Lewis Miller Papers

  United Press International Photo Archive (dba Corbis)

  University of California, Berkeley, CA

  Hiram W. Johnson Papers

  Stephen Tyng Mather Papers

  San Francisco News-Call Bulletin Newspaper Photograph Archive

  St. Sure Family Papers

  Hubert Work Papers

  University of California, Davis, CA

  Ruth Finney Papers

  University of California, Los Angeles, CA

  Edward A. Dickson Papers

  Katherine Philips Edson Papers

  John Randolph Haynes Papers

  James H. Pope Papers

  University of California, Film and Television Archives, Los Angeles, CA

  “Mrs. Charles H. Sabin rallies anti-Prohibition forces at Princeton, NJ for drive on Congress.” Hearst Metrotone Newsreel. 10 December 1932. Hearst Newsreels Collection.

  “Women wets push war on dry law.” Hearst Metrotone Newsreel. 5 December 1931. Hearst Newsreels Collection.

  University of Washington, Gallagher Law Library, Seattle, WA

  Briefs, Olmstead v. U.S., 277 U.S. 438 (1928)

  University of Washington, Suzzallo Library, Special Collections, Seattle, WA

  Charles Moriarty Papers

  Jeremiah Neterer Papers

  Miles Poindexter Papers

  Wesley Jones Papers

  University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY

  Papers of the Republican Party

  Women’s National Republican Club, New York, NY

  Yale University, New Haven, CT

  Charles D. Hilles Papers

  NEWSPAPERS AND JOURNALS

  Chicago Tribune

  Kansas City Star

  Kansas City Times

  Los Angeles Times

  New York Times

  The Republican

  Seattle Star

  Seattle Times

  Washington Post

  The Woman Republican

  GOVERNMENT PUBLICATIONS

  Federal

  Convention between the United States and Great Britain, Prevention of Smuggling of Intoxicating Liquors, U.S. Treaty Series No. 689, Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1924, 197–98.

  U.S. Congress. Congressional Record. 1920–1932. Washington, D.C.

  U.S. Congress. “How the National Prohibition Law Is Administered.” Congressional Digest. October 1924.

  U.S. Congress. House of Representatives. Committee on the Judiciary. The Prohibition Amendment, 71st Cong., 2nd sess., February 12–13, 19–20, 26–27 and March 4–6, 12–14, 19–20, 26 and April 2, 1930.

  U.S. Congress. Senate. Investigation of the Bureau of Internal Revenue. 68th Cong., 2nd sess., March 1924–May 1925.

  U.S. Congress. Senate. Prohibition Enforcement: Letter from the Secretary of the Treasury Transmitting in Response to Senate Resolution No. 325, the Report of Lincoln C. Andrews, Assistant Secretary of the Treasury, and David H. Blair, Commissioner of Internal Revenue Relative to Undercover Work of the Prohibition Personnel, 69th Cong., 2nd sess., 25 January 1927.

  U.S. Congress. Senate. Committee on the Judiciary. The National Prohibition Law, 69th Cong., 1st sess., April 5–24, 1926.

  U.S. Department of Justice. Annual Reports of the Attorney General of the United States. 1920–1932.

  U.S. Department of Justice. Federal Bureau of Investigation. The Identification Division of the Federal Bureau of Investigation. Washington, D.C.: GPO, 1991.

  U.S. Department of the Treasury. Bureau of Prohibition. Digest of Supreme Court Decisions Interpreting the National Prohibition Act and Willis-Campbell Act. Washington, D.C.: GPO, 1929.

  State

  California Assembly. Final Calendar of Legislative Business, Forty-Third Session. Sacramento: California State Printing Office, 1919.

  California Assembly. Journal of the Assembly during the Forty-Third Session of the Legislature of the State of California. Sacramento: California State Printing Office, 1919.

  California Senate. Journal of the Senate during the Forty-Third Session of the Legislature of the State of California. Sacramento: California State Printing Office, 1919.

  New York State Reorganization Commission. Report of the State Reorganization Commission, February 26, 1926. Albany, NY: J.B. Lyon Company, 1926.

  Local

  King County, WA, Prosecuting Attorney. Annual Report of Prosecuting Attorney. 1920–1924, 1927–1933.

  Seattle, WA, Police Department. Annual Report. 1920, 1922, 1926, 1930–1931.

  BOOKS, ARTICLES, AND PUBLISHED MATERIALS

  Adams, Samuel H., and Isabel Leighton. The Aspirin Age, 1919–1941. Mattituck, NY: Amereon House, 1949.

  Allen, Frederick L. Only Yesterday; An Informal History of the Nineteen-Twenties. New York: Harper & Bros., 1931.

  Andersen, Kristi. After Suffrage: Women in Partisan and Electoral Politics Before the New Deal. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1996.

  Anderson, George J. “Making the Camps Safe for the Army.” Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 79 (September 1918): 143–51.

  Andrews, Lincoln C. “Prohibition as a Phase of Federal Versus State Jurisdiction in American Life.” Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 129 (January 1927): 77–87.

  Anti-Saloon League. Proceedings of National Conventions. 1913–21. Westerville, OH: the American Issue Publishing Co.

  Anti-Saloon League. Catalogue of Temperance Posters Issued by the American Issue Publishing Company. Westerville, OH: American Issue Publishing Company, date unknown.

  Bagby, Wesley M. The Road to Normalcy: The Presidential Campaign and Election of 1920. Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1962.

  Baldwin, Fred D. “Smedley D. Butler and Prohibition Enforcement in Philadelphia, 1924–1925.” The Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography 84, no. 3 (July 1960): 352–68.

  Behr, Edward. Prohibition: Thirteen Years That Changed America. New York: Arcade Publishing, 1996.

  Berner, Richard C. Seattle, 1921–1940: From Boom to Bust. Seattle: Charles Press, 1992.

  Berry, John. “The History and Development of Fingerprinting,” in Henry C. Lee and R. E. Gaensslen, eds. Advances in Fingerprint Technology. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, 1994: 1–38.

  Black, Forrest R. Ill-Starred Prohibition Cases. Boston: R. G. Badger, 1931.

  Blethen, C. B. “One Year Dry Does Prohibition Mean Less Business? Washington State’s Answer.” Collier’s 39, no. 2 (March 24, 1917): 5–6, 31–34.

  Bridges, B. C. Practical Fingerprinting. New York: Funk & Wagnalls Co., 1942.

  Broderick, Henry. Prohibition Seattle Style. S
eattle: Dogwood Press, 1968.

  Brown, Dorothy M. Mabel Walker Willebrandt: A Study of Power, Loyalty, and Law. Knoxville: University of Tennessee Press, 1984.

  Brown, Everett Somerville. Ratification of the Twenty-First Amendment to the Constitution of the United States: State Convention Records and Laws. New York: Da Capo Press, 1970. First published in 1938 by University of Michigan Press.

  Burleigh, William G. Mac Day, Crusader: A Study of the Fight for Americanism. Self-published, 1925.

  Burns, Eric. The Spirits of America: A Social History of Alcohol. Philadelphia, PA: Temple University Press, 2004.

  Calder, J. William. Booze and a Buck. Antigonish, NS: FORMAC, 1977.

  Cannadine, David. Mellon: An American Life. New York: Knopf, 2006.

  Catt, Carrie Chapman, and Nettie Rogers Shuler. Woman Suffrage and Politics: The Inner Story of the Suffrage Movement. New York: C. Scribner’s Sons, 1926.

  Chafe, William H. The American Woman: Her Changing Social, Political, and Economic Roles, 1920–1970. New York: Oxford University Press, 1972.

  Chase, Jefferson. “The Sabines Ravish the Senators.” Vanity Fair 36 (August 1931): 42, 80.

  Cherrington, Ernest H. The Anti-Saloon League Yearbook. 1909–1927. Westerville, OH: American Issue Publishing Co.

  ———. History of the Anti-Saloon League. Westerville, OH: American Issue Publishing Co., 1913.

  Clark, Norman H. Deliver Us from Evil: An Interpretation of American Prohibition. New York: Norton, 1976.

  ———. The Dry Years: Prohibition and Social Change in Washington. Seattle: University of Washington Press, 1965.

  ———. “Roy Olmstead: A Rumrunning King on Puget Sound.” Pacific Northwest Quarterly 54, no. 3 (July 1963): 89–103.

  Cole, Simon A. Suspect Identities: A History of Fingerprinting and Criminal Identification. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2001.

 

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