by Hugh Ambrose
12. “Referendum Bill Passed,” New York Times, April 14, 1926, 1.
13. “Wets Win in Assembly,” New York Times, April 20, 1926, 1.
14. Some discrepancies exist between the newspaper coverage and the existing trial transcript, one created for Jerry Finch in preparation for future appeals.
15. This passage is a summary of days of testimony, comprising dozens of pages in the trial transcripts, primarily congregated in File #3.
16. “Jury Asks What Charge Is No Change, Judge Tells Him,” Seattle Times, January 26, 1926, 7.
17. William Whitney, Testimony, U.S. v. Olmstead et al., 5 F.2d 712 (W.D. Wash. 1925), 37–39; trial transcript held in File 3, Box 37, DCW.
18. “Discovery of Caches Described by Whitney,” Seattle Times, January 23, 1926, 1.
19. William Whitney, Testimony, U.S. v. Olmstead et al., 5 F.2d 712 (W.D. Wash. 1925), 48; trial transcript held in File 3, Box 37, DCW.
20. “More Names Are Revealed in Dry Agent’s Records,” Seattle Times, January 27, 1926, 12.
21. William Whitney, Testimony, U.S. v. Olmstead et al., 5 F.2d 712 (W.D. Wash. 1925), 56, 99; trial transcript held in File 3, Box 37, DCW.
22. Richard Fryant, Testimony, U.S. v. Olmstead et al., 5 F.2d 712 (W.D. Wash. 1925), 115–123; trial transcript held in File 3, Box 37, DCW.
23. “New Booze Trial Sensations Due,” Seattle Times, January 31, 1926, 4.
24. “Atty. Looie in Coats Guard [sic],” Seattle Times, February 4, 1926, 9.
25. “Tapped Wire Testimony Attacked by Counsel,” Seattle Times, February 10, 1926, 1.
26. “Mrs. Willebrandt to Arrive Here Monday,” Seattle Times, February 13, 1926, 3.
27. “More Liquor Trials Planned; Revelle Keeps His Evidence,” Seattle Times, February 14, 1926, 12.
28. “Revelle Greets Superior Officer,” Seattle Times, February 15, 1926, 5.
29. Mabel Walker Willebrandt to David and Myrtle Walker, February 15, 1926, Folder: Parents, Box 3, MWWP.
30. “Attack on Fryant Is Launched,” Seattle Times, February 15, 1926, 1, 5. The reporter wrote “thirty pages,” then a few sentences later “twenty-seven pages,” but the clerk marked them as evidence B 1–27.
31. Jeremiah Neterer, Jury Instructions, U.S. v. Olmstead et al., 5 F.2d 712 (W.D. Wash. 1925), 286; trial transcript held in File 3, Box 37, DCW.
32. “Judge Chuckles; Strain Over; Sidelights on Trial’s End,” Seattle Times, February 21, 1926, 5.
33. “Olmsted, 20 Others Guilty!” Seattle Times, February 21, 1926, 1.
34. Pauline Sabin to James Wadsworth, March 1, 1926, Folder 3, Box J112K, WFP.
35. “Women Leaders Back Wadsworth,” New York Times, April 14, 1926, 2.
36. Pauline Sabin to James Wadsworth, June 17, 1926, Folder: Pauline Sabin Correspondence, Box J112E, WFP.
37. “State West Form Committee of 1,000,” New York Times, May 8, 1926.
38. Senate Subcommittee of the Committee on the Judiciary, The National Prohibition Law: Hearings on S. 33, S. 34, S. 591, S. 592, S. 3118, S.J. Res. 34, S.J. Res. 81, S.J. Res. 85, S. 3823, S. 3411, and S. 3891 to Amend the National Prohibition Act, 69th Cong., 1st sess., 1926, vol. 1, 42.
39. Senate Subcommittee of the Committee on the Judiciary, The National Prohibition Law: Hearings on S. 33, S. 34, S. 591, S. 592, S. 3118, S.J. Res. 34, S.J. Res. 81, S.J. Res. 85, S. 3823, S. 3411, and S. 3891 to Amend the National Prohibition Act, 69th Cong., 1st sess., 1926, vol. 1, 1129.
40. “Attorney Jerry L. Finch and Nineteen Others to Serve Prison Sentences,” Seattle Times, March 8, 1926, 1; “20 Liquor Conspiracy Defendants File Writs,” Seattle Times, March 9, 1926, 1.
41. “Only Echoes Left in Mansion; Olmstead Furniture Is Bid On,” Seattle Times, March 19, 1926, 1, 18.
42. “Olmstead Tells How ‘Frame-ups’ Convicted Men,” Seattle Times, August 23, 1930, 3; “Hubbard’s Role Jolted Olmsted, Whitney States,” Seattle Times, September 6, 1930, 3.
43. “Comstock Is Included in Hundred Defendants,” Seattle Times, May 13, 1926, 1.
44. “Olmsted Indicted Again on Two Charges,” Seattle Times, May 14, 1926, 1.
45. “Hubbard Is Revealed as Secret Aide of Whitney,” May 15, 1926, 1. See also unknown newspaper, “Two ‘Roys’ Disrupt Northwest . . . ,” August 10, 1930, Folder: Whitney News Clippings, Container 2011, CSC.
46. “Hubbard Is Revealed as Secret Aide of Whitney,” Seattle Times, May 16, 1926, 1.
Chapter 9
1. “Pick Ogden Mills as Keynote Orator,” New York Times, July 23, 1926, 3.
2. “O.S. Poland Hits Smith,” New York Times, August 2, 1926, 6.
3. James Wadsworth to Pauline Sabin, August 30, 1926, Folder: August 27–September 1, 1926, JWFP.
4. “Cropsey Boom Fades as Wadsworth Hits Jurist’s Dry Plank,” New York Times, August 31, 1926, 1.
5. “Cropsey Quits Race, Yielding to Attacks, Friend Announces,” New York Times, September 1, 1926, 1.
6. “Fish Denounces Wadsworth as Wet,” New York Times, September 10, 1926.
7. “Mrs. Sabin Favors Wets Poll,” New York Times, September 13, 1926, 4.
8. “Drys Take Fight on Wadsworth to National Committee,” New York Times, August 20, 1926, 1.
9. “Cropsey or Hilles May Head Ticket,” New York Times, August 22, 1926, 1.
10. “Wadsworth States His Dry Law Views,” New York Times, September 25, 1926, 19.
11. “Garden Stage Set for Republicans,” New York Times, September 26, 1926, 1.
12. “Chiefs at Harmony Dinner,” New York Times, September 27, 1926, 1.
13. “Call Party’s Future Dark,” New York Times, September 27, 1926, 1.
14. “Drys in Convention Assail Wadsworth,” New York Times, September 29, 1926, 2.
15. “58 Balk at Senator,” New York Times, September 29, 1926, 1.
16. “Text of the Republican Platform with Its Prohibition Plank,” New York Times, September 28, 1926, 1.
17. “To Nominate Mills Today,” New York Times, September 28, 1926, 1.
18. “Wadsworth States His Dry Law Views,” New York Times, September 25, 1926, 19.
19. “Mrs. Sabin Warns Republican Drys,” New York Times, October 5, 1926, 2.
20. “Cristman Manager Warns Republicans,” New York Times, October 16, 1926, 3.
21. Hiram Johnson to Alex McCabe, May 21, 1926, Part III, Box 8, HJP.
22. “Nation’s Portia and Hiram at Outs,” Nevada State Journal, June 15, 1924, 6.
23. Hiram Johnson to Harold Ickes, May 22, 1926, Part III, Box 8, HJP.
24. Frank Doherty to Hiram Johnson, July 24, 1926, Part III, Box 34, Folder 2, HJP.
25. Hiram Johnson to Frank Doherty, July 31, 1926, Part III, Box 8, HJP.
26. Mabel Walker Willebrandt to David and Myrtle Walker, late December 1926, Folder: Parents, Box 3, MWWP.
27. “Wadsworth Lauds Tariff in Suffolk,” New York Times, October 24, 1926, 3; “Wadsworth to Ask Business Support,” New York Times, October 25, 1926, 3.
28. “1,193,183 Voted Here to Elect Governor,” New York Times, November 4, 1926, 18.
29. “Where Were the Drys?” New York Times, November 4, 1926, 26.
30. “See Dry Law Reaction,” New York Times, November 4, 1926, 9.
31. “Six States Vote Wet,” New York Times, November 4, 1926, 9.
32. “Coolidge Again, Says Wadsworth,” New York Times, December 12, 1926, 27.
33. Mabel Walker Willebrandt to David and Myrtle Walker, December 25, 1926, Folder: Parents, Box 3, MWWP.
34. Vylla Poe Wilson, Article 6—No title, Washington Post, January 16, 1927, F6.
35. James Wadsworth to Charles Sabin, January 6, 1927, Folder: Pauline Sabin Correspondence, Box J112E, WF
P.
36. “Dignity and Stateliness Mark Judicial Reception,” Washington Post, January 14, 1927, 2.
37. James Wadsworth to Pauline Sabin, January 17, 1927, Folder: Pauline Sabin Correspondence,” Box J112E, WFP.
38. “President Gives Women Praise for G.O.P. Work,” Lexington (KY) Leader, January 16, 1927, 10.
39. No title—editorial, New York Evening Post, January 14, 1927. (A clipping of this article was attached to the following correspondence: James Wadsworth to Pauline Sabin, January 17, 1927, Folder: Pauline Sabin Correspondence, Box J112E, WFP.)
40. “Opposes Feminine Blocs,” New York Times, May 11, 1927, 27.
41. “Qualities for Successful Leadership,” Long Islander, January 14, 1927, 1.
42. “Prohibition Enforcement,” Letter from the Secretary of the Treasury, January 29, 1927, Washington, U.S. Government Printing Office, 24; “Prohibition Enforcement,” Letter from the Secretary of the Treasury, January 29, 1927, Washington: U.S. Government Printing Office, 2–3, 24.
43. William Whitney to Wesley Jones, September 4, 1929, Box 277, Folder 20, WJP.
44. Thomas Revelle to Wesley Jones, May 5, 1927, Box 271, Folder 35, WJP; September 4, 1929; William Whitney to Wesley Jones, September 4, 1929, Box 277, Folder 20, WJP.
45. William Whitney to Wesley Jones, September 4, 1929, Box 277, Folder 20, WJP.
46. Thomas Revelle to Wesley Jones, March 26, 1927, Box 271, Folder 31, WJP.
47. “Dry Reorganization Effective as More Opposition Is Bared,” Washington Post, April 2, 1927, 5.
48. Letter sent to Coast Guard Commanders, Prohibition Administrators, and Collectors of Customs on the Pacific Coast, May 7, 1926; an attachment to a letter from the Assistant to the Assistant Secretary of the Treasury, June 3, 1926, Box 271, Folder 32, WJP.
49. Thomas Revelle to Wesley Jones, June 2, 1926, Box 271, Folder 31, WJP.
50. Thomas Revelle to Wesley Jones, May 5, 1927, Box 271, Folder 31, WJP.
51. “Zev Case Will Be Highlight of Testimony,” Seattle Times, August 14, 1930, Container 2011, Folder: Whitney News Clippings, CSC.
52. “Here’s Pal Letter Sent by Hubbard to Whitney,” Seattle Post-Intelligencer, August 19, 1930.
53. Thomas Revelle to Wesley Jones, May 5, 1927, Box 271, Folder 35, WJP.
54. “Debunking the Myth That All Women Are Dry,” New York Evening World, May 6, 1927, Scrapbook, Archives, Women’s National Republican Club, New York City.
55. Untitled editorial, New York Evening Post, May 4, 1927, Scrapbook, Archives, Women’s National Republican Club, New York City.
56. “Will the Women Bolt?” Boston Transcript (reprinted from the Philadelphia Ledger), June 15, 1927, Scrapbook, Archives, Women’s National Republican Club, New York City.
57. Emma Bugbee, “Women Assail Republican Poll on Volstead Act,” New York Herald Tribune, May 12, 1927, Scrapbook, Archives, Women’s National Republican Club, New York City.
58. Thomas Revelle to Wesley Jones, May 14, 1927, Box 271, Folder 35, WJP.
59. Wesley Jones to Thomas Revelle, May 13, 1927, Box 271, Folder 35, WJP.
60. “Hubbard Outlay on $155 Salary Arouses Defense,” Seattle Times, September 9, 1930, 4.
Chapter 10
1. “President Acted Alone,” New York Times, August 3, 1927, 1.
2. Thomas Revelle to Wesley Jones, August 19, 1927, Box 272, Folder 6, WJP.
3. “Telegrams Reveal How Revelle Tried to Block Dry Query,” Seattle Post- Intelligencer, September 11, 1930.
4. Roy Lyle to Wesley Jones, September 8, 1927, Box 272, Folder 4, WJP.
5. “Mrs. Sabin Gives Up Republican Committee Job,” Patchogue Advance, September 9, 1927, 14.
6. “Political Debate by Women Radioed,” New York Times, November 3, 1927, 29.
7. “Mrs. Sabin Still Leading,” New York Times, November 5, 1927, 38; “Democrats Now to Press Smith 4-Year Term Plan; Republicans to Fight It,” New York Times, November 10, 1927, 1.
8. “Warrant Is Issued for ‘Rum King’ By Bourquin,” Seattle Times, October 18, 1927, 1.
9. Thomas Revelle to Wesley Jones, October 25, 1927, Box 271, Folder 33, WJP.
10. “Witness Accuses Revelle; Says Job Was Threatened,” Seattle Times, October 21, 1927, 5.
11. “Bribers Hard to Catch,” Seattle Post-Intelligencer, September 11, 1930.
12. Thomas Revelle to Wesley Jones, October 25, 1927, Box 271, Folder 33, WJP.
13. “Roy Olmsted in U.S. Court to Face Trial,” Seattle Times, November 8, 1927, 1, 9.
14. “Olmsted Waits in County Jail for Next Trial,” Seattle Times, November 9, 1927, 11.
15. “‘Rum King,’ 20 Others Must Serve Sentences,” Seattle Times, November 21, 1927, 1.
16. “Olmsted Goes to Prison Tonight; Loses Appeal After Brief Stay,” Seattle Times, November 29, 1927, 1.
17. “Debonair ‘Rum King’ Fades into ‘No. 6538,’” Seattle Times, November 30, 1927, 1.
18. Exhibit A, Roy Lyle to Commissioner Haynes, September 5, 1925, “Personal and Confidential,” in a letter from William Whitney to James Yaden, dated November 27, 1927, forwarded by William Whitney to Wesley Jones on December 16, 1927, Box 272, Folder 1, WJP.
19. Exhibit A, Roy Lyle to Commissioner Haynes, September 5, 1925, “Personal and Confidential,” Exhibit A in a letter from William Whitney to James Yaden, dated November 27, 1927, forwarded by Whitney to Wesley Jones on December 16, 1927, Box 272, Folder 1; and Roy Lyle to Roy Haynes, Federal Prohibition Commissioner, September 5, 1925, Box 272, Folder, WJP.
20. William Whitney to Wesley Jones, December 16, 1927, Box 272, Folder 1, WJP.
21. Exhibit C of a letter from William Whitney to James Yaden, December 16, 1927, included in a letter from Whitney to Wesley Jones of the same date; Box 272, Folder 1, WJP.
22. William Whitney to Wesley Jones, April 25, 1928, Box 272, File 23, WJP.
23. “Republican Women Want 3 Delegates,” unknown newspaper, January 14, 1928, Scrapbook, Archives, Women’s National Republican Club, New York City.
24. “Women Pick Delegates,” New York Times, January 16, 1928, 10.
25. “Republican Wets Give Peace Pledge,” New York Times, May 19, 1928, 3.
26. “Woman Delegate Backs Hoover Here,” New York Times, May 29, 1928, 3.
27. “Women, for Hoover, Threaten to Bolt,” New York Times, May 30, 1928, 21.
28. WNRC, Report of the Proceedings of the Mock Convention of the Women’s National Republican Club held at the Waldorf-Astoria Hotel, New York City, Tuesday, April 24, 1928 (New York: The Tenney Press, 1928), 9.
29. WNRC, Report of the Proceedings of the Mock Convention of the Women’s National Republican Club held at the Waldorf-Astoria Hotel, New York City, Tuesday, April 24, 1928 (New York: The Tenney Press, 1928).
30. Carlisle Bargeron, “Mrs. Willebrandt’s Hoover Statement Stirs Up Democrats,” Washington Post, April 13, 1928, 4.
31. “Declares Women Jurors Insure Honest Trials,” Washington Post, April 29, 1928, SM2.
32. “Tapping of Wires by Dry Agents to Be Aired,” Seattle Times, January 9, 1928, 1.
33. Wesley Jones to Mabel Walker Willebrandt, January 27, 1928, File: 23-82-79 (U.S. v. Dow case file), Entry 23, Class 23 (Liquor Violations) Litigation Case Files and Formerly Classified Subject Correspondence, DOJ.
34. Mabel Walker Willebrandt to Wesley Jones, January 31, 1928, File: 23-82-79 (U.S. v. Dow case file), Entry 23, Class 23 (Liquor Violations) Litigation Case Files and Formerly Classified Subject Correspondence, DOJ.
35. “Roy Olmsted at Liberty Again as Bail Is Arranged,” Seattle Times, February 5, 1928, 10.
36. William Whitney to Wesley Jones, March 12, 1928, Box 272, File 22, WJP.
37. William Whitney to Wesley Jones,
May 4, 1930, Box 13, Folder 26, WJP.
38. Thomas Revelle to Wesley Jones, March 24, 1928, Box 272, Folder 17, WJP.
39. William Whitney to Wesley Jones, September 4, 1929, Box 277, Folder 20, WJP.
40. “Women Pile Up Planks,” Kansas City Star, June 3, 1928, 1B.
41. Olmstead v. U.S. 277 U.S. 438.
42. “Olmsted, Eight Others Return to Prison Today,” Seattle Times, June 21, 1928, 12.
43. “Revelle Plans to Retire from Official Work,” Seattle Times, May 20, 1928, 4.
44. “The ‘Show’ on Outside,” Kansas City Star, June 3, 1928, 3A.
45. “Women’s Power Is Felt,” Kansas City Star, June 10, 1928, 6A.
46. “No Lead-Pipe Blow, This,” Kansas City Star, June 6, 1928, 3.
47. “And How Press-Wise,” Kansas City Star, June 6, 1928, 16.
48. “Both Parties to Be Dry,” Kansas City Star, June 11, 1928, 4.
49. “In Politics Like a Man,” Kansas City Star, June 5, 1928, 3.
50. “‘Play the Game Like Men’ Is Women’s Cry in Politics Now,” Charleston (SC) Gazette, June 7, 1928, 5.
51. “An O.K. on Hilles Slate,” Kansas City Times, June 12, 1928, 10; Albert Warner, “Hilles Men Swamp Hoover Supporters,” New York Times, June 12, 1928, 1.
52. W. A. Warn, “Allies Centre on South,” New York Times, June 9, 1928, 1.
53. Winifred Mallon, “Women Are Active Among the Boomers,” New York Times, June 11, 1928, 2.
54. “A ‘Lesson’ on Hoover,” Kansas City Times, June 9, 1928, 17.
55. Republican National Committee, Hearing on Contests, June 6, 1928, Papers of the Republican Party.
56. “They Shriek for Hoover,” Kansas City Star, June 10, 1928, 12A.
57. “Anti-Hoover Efforts Stopped in Credentials Committee,” Washington Post, June 13, 1928, 4; Republican National Committee, Official Report of the Proceedings of the Nineteenth Republican National Convention, June 12–15, 1928, 50.
58. James Williams, “Nomination Plans Are Being Held Up; Hoover Still Gains,” Washington Post, June 14, 1928, 1.
59. Republican National Committee, Official Report of the Proceedings of the Nineteenth Republican National Convention, June 12–15, 1928, 52–69.