Hoplites: The Classical Greek Battle Experience

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Hoplites: The Classical Greek Battle Experience Page 37

by Victor Davis Hanson

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  * * *

  INDICES

  I General Index

  Note on Index Page Hyperlinks

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  Acarnania 59, 227

  Achaea 210

  Achilles 22, 35, 41–2, 109, 112, 121, 240;

  ethos 123, 125, 128, 137–9, 140, 153–4;

  shield 211;

  "painter" 22

  advance, see charge

  Aegina 95, 102, 116

  Aegospotami 116, 145

  Aelian 88, 99

  Aeneas Tacticus 138, 164, 181, 186– 7, 195–6

  Aeschines 163

  Aeschylus 87, 91, 96, 101, 112–13, 132, 134, 205, 214, 238, 240, 243

  Aetolia 5, 22, 81, 106, 178, 196, 244

  Agesilaus 8, 20, 30, 33, 102, 137, 142, 145–6, 148, 151, 166, 181, 227

  Agesipolis 39

  Agis 104, 118, 148, 150, 246

  agriculture 4–6;

  see also farmers

  Alcaeus 106, 129, 130, 229, 236

  Alcibiades 115, 138, 141, 149

  alcohol, in battle 18, 90, 113, 240

  Alypetus 20

  Alexander, of Macedon 52, 113, 125, 138, 141, 153, 192, 200, 202, 223, 247;

  of Pherae 52, 146

  Amazons 25–6, 200

  Ambracia 45, 54–5

  Amphiaraos 212

  Amphipolis 98, 117–18, 168

  Amphitryon 72, 96

  Anakeion 114

  Anaxibus 107, 151

  Andocides 114

  annihilation, of armies 95–6

  Antalcidas 27

  Antigone 42

  Antiochus 35

  Apollo 108, 202, 210–11, 231, 240, 244–6

  Arcadia 33, 50–1, 214

  archers, see missile-troops

  Archidamus 50, 61, 90, 92, 114, 120, 168, 191, 196

  Archilochus 17–18, 96, 98, 102, 129– 30, 132, 144

  Ares 205, 209, 211, 215, 229

  Arexion 206

  Arginusae 44–5, 116, 226

  Argos, Argives 42–3, 54–5, 61, 96, 100–1, 102, 105, 113, 140, 148, 185, 203, 215, 242, 243

  Aristides 146

  aristocrats, in battle 84, 105–6, 122– 3, 128–30, 136, 142, 158, 163

  Aristodemus 80, 95, 103, 107, 143

  Aristophanes 7, 111, 144, 211, 229

  Aristotle 28, 112–13, 114, 133, 138, 158

  arms and armor, see panoply, body-armor, shield, helmet

  Arrian 88, 99, 110, 200, 223

  arrows, see missile-weapons

  Artemis 91, 209–11, 214

  artillery 28, 184, 191–2, 196;

  see also missile-weapons

  Asclepiodotus 82, 88, 167

  Asia 21, 25, 32–3, 217

  Assinarus 100

  Athena 198, 200, 211

  Athenaeus 107

  Athens, Athenians, military of 5, 8, 16, 27, 29, 46, 49, 62, 89, 9
4, 103, 113, 123, 131, 139–40, 143, 209, 229, 244;

  in Aetolia, 178;

  civil strife 215,

  see also Thirty Tyrants;

  Dipylon Gate 184;

  fortifications 180, 190–8;

  light-armed troops, 189;

  mines 183;

  Peloponnesian War 22, 52, 87, 97–8, 114–15, 137–40, 193, 196, 237;

  Persian War 43, 216;

  religion and customs 45, 60, 143, 210–11, 242;

  tribes 162

  attendants, for hoplites 58, 89, 140, 179, 193

  Attica 24, 59, 134, 215

  ax 25, 36

  see also axine, pelekus, sagaris (Index II)

  Bacchylides 18, 110–14

  battering-ram 184–5

  "Battle of Champions" 107, 242

  blood, in battle 33, 38, 51, 52, 100, 228;

  in battlefield animal sacrifice 201, 203–5, 212–13, 217, 239, 243

  bloodlust 101

  body-armor 17, 32, 53, 65–6, 68, 79, 95, 110, 121–2, 181, 195, 229, 236;

  penetration of 21, 24, 73, 93;

  weight of 67, 75, 181

  body strength 99, 253

  Boeotia 20, 30, 47–8, 49, 52, 98, 101, 113–14, 133, 196, 215

  borders 202–3

  bow 17, 25, 83, 91;

  see missile-weapons

  Brasidas 33, 89, 95, 98, 138, 146, 168

  bronze, as weapons material 23–4, 71, 75, 81, 91, 110, 236

  burial 42–4, 45–66, 139;

  see also funerals

  Caesar, Julius 24, 128

  Calibrates 21

  Callimachus 134, 135–6, 149

  Callinus 92, 129

  Cambyses 102, 145

  Cannae 101

  carrion 51–2

  carts 175

  Carystus 97

  Castor 21, 90

  casualties 21, 34, 44–5, 100, 244, 254;

  percentages of 101, 109;

  of generals 140–7, 167;

  see also burial, corpses, wounds

  casualty-lists 42, 50–2, 57–8, 60–1, 143

  cavalry 101, 105, 114, 117, 122, 141– 2, 144, 152;

  Athenian 160–2;

  Persian 207;

  see also horse

  Cerameicus 43, 60

  Chabrias 30, 44, 89, 146

  Chaeronea 39, 43–4, 102–3, 107, 136, 143, 151, 169, 191

  Chalcis 18, 133

  Chalybes 27

  Chares 146

  charge, of hoplite armies 37, 78, 82, 90–1, 93, 115, 104, 116, 169, 216

  Chigi vase 18, 20, 31, 32, 36, 92, 108, 130

  Chios 146

  chiton 161;

  see also tunic

  Cimon 59, 136–7, 139, 244

  classical scholarship 8–9, 11, 255

  Clearchus 141, 144, 170

  Cleisthenes 132–3, 135, 151, 162;

  of Sicyon 133

  Cleombrotus 38, 90, 94, 98, 104, 146, 148–9

  Cleomenes 151, 203, 231

  Cleon 33, 98, 105, 117–18, 137, 144, 168

  Cleophon 106

  Cnidus 226

  Cnossus 229

  coffin 46

  confusion 94–5, 140;

  see also panic

  Corcyra 5;

  see also Corfu

  Corfu 104

  Corinth 18, 26, 50, 66, 97, 100, 102, 113, 132, 196, 242, 245–6;

  helmet 75;

  war 100

  Coroneia, battle of 394 BC 4, 38, 94, 96–7, 102, 103, 109, 118, 148

  corpses 33, 38–62, 73, 83, 102–3, 140, 228, 240–2;

  desecration of 41, 53;

  fight over 97, 100;

  number of 55–6;

  viewing of 59, 61, 100–1, 140

  corselett, see body-armor

  coup de grace 27, 73

  courage 138–9,

  see also andreia, arete, aristeia (Index II)

  cowardice 20, 93–4, 95, 99, 106, 138, 242;

  see also panic

  crests 75, 96, 140–1, 230, 235–6;

  see also helmet

  Crete 36, 144, 229, 239

  Crimisus 88

  Croesus 41

  Croton 238

  cult, see rituals

  Cunaxa 21, 31, 91, 141, 153, 205

  Cynoscephelae 39, 98, 109, 142, 146

  Cyprus 111

  Cypselus 133

  Cyrus 28, 99, 107, 115, 124, 131, 141, 153, 169, 206

  dance 30;

  see also hoplomachia (Index II)

  Daphaenus 149

  Darius I 162;

  III 145

  Dark Ages 6, 47, 64–5, 67, 70, 75, 83

  dead, see corpses, burial, rot, rigor mortis

  decapitation 27, 52, 230

  Delbrück, Hans 9, 155

  Delian League 137

  Delium 48, 52, 58, 90, 96, 98, 100–1, 103, 105, 118, 140, 149

  Delphi 45, 163, 229, 244–9

  Demades 113

  Demaratus 103

  deme 89

  Demeter 243

  Demetrius 192, 229

  Demosthenes, general 81, 143, 235;

  orator 95, 113

  depth, of phalanx, see phalanx

  desertion 135

  Derklylidas 207

  Dieneces 88

  Diodorus 49, 83, 87, 99, 116, 168, 169

  Dion 27, 115, 141

  Dionysius I 138, 141, 195

  Dionysus 113, 216

  Dioscuri 244

  discipline 16, 138;

  see also training

  Dodona 244, 247

  dog-tags 54–8, 62;

  see also skytalis (Index II)

  Draco 161

  Dracontius 27

  Drilae 143

  drill 28–32, 103–4, 167;

  see also training

  drinking-water 176–7;

  see also sun in battle

  dust 91, 110

  Edward Clarke's Road 175

  Egypt 87, 102, 146, 151, 190

  Eion 139

  Elateia 113, 191

  Eleusis 114

  Elis 245–6

  endurance 63, 78

  Enodia 208

  Epameinondas 8, 33, 39, 59, 61, 95, 97, 98, 100, 104, 109, 118, 143, 145, 149, 156–7, 167, 237

  ephebes 28, 208, 210–11, 230, 235

  Ephorus 36, 133, 161, 168

  Epipolae 55, 94, 242

  Epirus 121, 243

  Epistades 113

  Eretria 18, 146

  Eros 107, 141, 224

  Eteocles 33–4, 94, 181, 208, 238–9, 240

  Euboea 17, 48

  Eudamidas 120

  Eumenes 34

  Eupolis 105

  Euripides 34–5, 58–9, 72, 83, 87–9, 91, 94–5, 96, 99, 108, 116, 131, 144, 169, 181–3, 197, 208–9, 212– 13, 215

  Eurytus 80, 107

  exchange, of dead 46, 51–4

  execution 151

  farmers, as soldiers 4–5, 28, 58, 77, 177, 197, 248

  fear 105, 135;

  see also cowardice, Phobos, panic, flight

  flanks 98;

  see also phalanx

  flight 31, 34, 91, 93, 95, 99, 100, 104, 242

  flute-playing 19, 30;

  at Sparta 119, 160, 198, 240

  fortifications 180–8

  Frederick the Great 122

  friends, in battle 107;

  see also kin

  front-rank, of phalanx 18, 31, 35, 71–2, 90, 93, 94, 95–7, 100, 107, 124, 132–3, 140, 147–9, 151–2, 169, 240;

  see also promacboi, prostatai (Index II)

  frontier 113;

  see also borders

  funerals 40–2, 44–5;

  see also burial

  gaps, in battle-line 100, 240

  Gaugamela 145

  Gelon 163

  general 4, 6, 32–3, 57–9, 90–1, 102, 104, 116, 120, 112–70, 192, 212, 227;

  see under individual generals

  Geometric pottery 80, 83;

  see also C
higi vase

  gladiators 82

  gods, see under individual deities

  Gorgias 118

  Gorgopas 120

  Granicus 143–5, 166

  greaves 64–5, 76–8, 115

  hair, length of 62

  halbert 24

  Haliartus 48, 153

  hands, use of in battle 99;

  see es cheiras (Index II)

  Hecate 208

  Hector 42–3, 99, 128–9, 140, 235, 240

  Hecuba 99

  helmet 15, 17, 65–6, 76, 95–6, 110, 115, 118, 140–1, 217, 230, 243–4, 246;

  penetration of 25;

  types 37, 53, 140–1;

  weight 67, 78;

  see also body-armor, crests

  Helots 29

  Hephaestus 141

  Hera 208, 217, 224

  Heracleia 121, 123, 128

  Heracleitus 41, 151

  Heracles 20, 41, 60, 209, 215, 237

  heralds 47, 54–5, 91, 116

  Herippidas 148

  Herodotus 9, 32, 43, 58, 80, 88, 97, 99, 100, 102–3, 108, 113, 133–5, 149, 203, 207, 216, 220

  Hippagretas 96

  Hippocrates 98, 105

  Homer, as source for hoplite battle 15, 22, 24–5, 32–3, 35, 38, 41, 47, 52, 66, 80, 81–4, 106, 112–13, 122–3, 125, 130, 132–3, 138, 157– 8, 230

  homosexuality 107;

  see also friends, kin, Sacred Band

  hoplite, as term 81, dance 9, 119;

  decline of 255;

  ethos of 106, 122– 3, 138, 150, 164, 179–80;

  reform 65–6, 77, 80–1, 84, 130–1, 158–9;

  size of 81;

  snobbery of 6;

  veterans 255

  horse 84, 113, 115, 141–2, 152, 160, 205;

  see also cavalry

  human sacrifice 213–17, 226

  Hyperides 139

  Hysiae 42

  Ilissos River 210

  individual combat 67–8, 74, 80–2, 84, 88, 92, 95, 122, 129–30, 153, 158, 240;

  see also monomachia (Index II)

  Iphicrates 22, 31, 90, 117, 121, 139

  Iphigeneia 214, 225

  iron 23–4, 64

  Isidas 143

  Isocrates 137

  Issus 145

  Isthmia 245–6

  Jason, of Pherae 138

  javelin 71, 76;

  see also missile-weapons

  Josephus 192

  Keegan, John 124–5, 142, 152, 157

  kin 38, 51, 56–7, 108, 126–7, 145, 232, 240

  kings, in battle;

  Spartan 47, 96, 98, 108, 117, 132–3, 145–6, 147–9, 150–1, 169, 222, 230;

  Homeric 125–9;

  Macedonian 155, 191;

  Persian 167, 216

  Kromayer, Johannes 9

  Lacedaemonians, see Sparta

  Laches 29, 34–5

  Laconia 189

  ladders 181–2

  Lamachus 144, 146

  Lamian War 139

  Latin literature 23, 26, 128;

 

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