Poor-Quality Breathing (Allergies and Snoring)
Ali, N. J., Pitson, D. J., and Stradling, J. R. (1993). Snoring, sleep disturbances, and behavior in 4-to 5-year olds. (1993). Archives of Disease in Childhood, 68, 360-366.
Ali, N. J., Pitson, D. J., and Stradling, J. R. (1994). Natural history of snoring and related behavior problems between the ages of 4 and 7 years. Archives of Disease in Childhood, 71, 74-76.
Anderson, O. W (1950). The management of “infantile insomnia.” Journal of Pediatrics, 38, 394-401.
Ballenger, W L. (1914). Diseases of the Nose, Throat and Ear. Philadelphia: Lea and Febiger.
Brouillette, R., Hansen, D., David, R., Klemka, L., Szatkowski, A., Ferbach, S., and Hung, C. (1984). A diagnostic approach to suspected obstructive sleep apnea in children. Journal of Pediatrics, 105, 10-14.
Brown, S. L., and Stool, S. E. (1982). Behavioral manifestations of sleep apnea in children. Sleep, 5, 200-201.
Butte, W., Robertson, C, and Phelan, R (1985). Snoring in children: Is it pathological? Medical Journal of Australia, 143, 335-336.
Chervin, R. D., Archbold, K. H., Dillon, J. E., Panahi, P., Pituch, K. J., Dahl, R. E., and Guilleminault, C. (2002). Inattention, hyperctivity, and symptoms of sleep-disordered breathing. Pediatrics, 109, 449-456.
Chervin, R. D., Dillon, J. E., Bassetti, C, Ganoczy, D. A, and Pituch, K. J. (1997). Symptoms of sleep disorders, inattention, and hyperactivity in children. Sleep, 20, 1185-1192.
Flemming, B. M. (1925). A study of sleep of young children. Journal of the American Association of University Women, 19, 25-28.
Goldstein, N. A., Fatima, M., Campbell, T. E, and Rosenfeld, R. M. (2002). Child behavior and quality of life before and after tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy. Archives of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, 128, 770-775.
Gozal, D. (1998). Sleep-disordered breathing and school performance. Pediatrics, 102, 616-620.
Guilleminault, C, Winkle, R., Korobkin, R., and Simmons, B. (1982). Children and nocturnal snoring: Evaluation of the effects of sleep related respiratory resistive load and daytime functioning. European Journal of Pediatrics, 139, 154-171.
Guilleminault, C, Pelaya, R., Leger, D., Cler, A, and Bocian, R. C. V. (1996). Recognition of sleep-disordered breathing in children. Pediatrics, 98, 871-882.
Guilleminault, C, and Dement, W. C. (1977). 235 cases of excessive daytime sleepiness. Journal of Neurological Sciences, 31, 13-27.
Guilleminault, C, Eldridge, F. L., Simmons, F. B., and Dement, W. C. (1976). Sleep apnea in eight children. Pediatrics, 58, 23-31.
Kahn, A., Mozin, J., and Casimir, G. (1985). Insomnia and cow's milk allergy in infants. Pediatrics, 76, 880-884.
Klein, G. L., Ziering, R. W, Girsh, L. S., and Miller, M. F (1985). The allergic irritability syndrome: Four case reports and a position statement from the Neuroallergy Committee of the American College of Allergy. Annals of Allergy, 55, 22-24.
Kravath, R. E., Pollack, C. D., and Borowiecki, B. (1977). Hypo-ventilation during sleep in children who have lymphoid airway obstruction treated by nasopharyngeal tube and T and A. Pediatrics, 59, 865-871.
Lind, M. G., and Lundell, B. (1982). Tonsillar hyperplasia in children: A cause of obstructive sleep apneas, CO2 retention, and retarded growth. Archives of Otolaryngology, 108, 650-654.
Mangat, D., Orr, W. C, and Smith, R. O. (1977). Sleep apnea, hypersomnolence, and upper airway obstruction secondary to adenotonsillar enlargement. Archives of Otokryngology, 103, 383-386.
Mauer, K. W., Staats, B. A., and Olsen, K. D. (1983). Upper airway obstruction and disordered nocturnal breathing in children. Mayo Clinic Proceedings, 58, 349-353.
Owens, J., Opipari, L., Nobile, C, and Spirito, A. (1998). Sleep and daytime behavior in children with obstructive sleep apnea and behavioral sleep disorders. Pediatrics, 102, 1178-1184.
Weissbluth, M., Davis, A. T., and Poncher, J. (1984). Night waking in 4-to 8-month-old infants. Journal of Pediatrics, 104, 477-480.
Weissbluth, M., Davis, A. T., Poncher, J., and Reiff, J. (1983). Signs of airway obstruction during sleep and behavioral, developmental, and academic problems. Journal of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, 4, 119-121.
Locating the Problem
Brouillette, R., and Thach, B. T. (1979). A neuromuscular mechanism maintaining extrathoracic airway patency. Journal of Applied Physiology: Respiration, Environment, Exercise and Physiology, 46, 772-779.
Brouillette, R., Fernbach, S. K., and Hunt, C. E. (1982). Obstructive sleep apnea in infants and children. Journal of Pediatrics, 100, 31-40.
Chokroverty, S. (1980). Phasic tongue movements in human rapid-eye-movement sleep. Neurology, 30, 665-668.
Felman, A. H., Loughlin, G. M., Leftridge, C. A., and Cassisi, N. J. (1979). Upper airway obstruction during sleep in children. American Journal of Respiration, 133, 213-216.
Haponik, E. E, Smith, P. L., Bohlman, M. E., Allen, R. P., Goldman, S. M., and Bleecker, E. R. (1983). Computerized tomography in obstructive sleep apnea: Correlation of airway size with physiology during sleep and wakefulness. American Review of Respiratory Diseases, 127, 221-226.
Remmers, J. E., deGroot, W. J., Sauerland, E. K., and Anch, A. M. (1978). Pathogenesis of upper airway occlusive during sleep. Journal of Applied Physiology: Respiration, Environment, Exercise and Physiology, 44, 931-938.
Wilkinson, A. R., McCormick, M. S., Freeland, A. P., and Pickering, D. (1981). Electrocardiographic signs of pulmonary hypertension in children who snore. British Medical Journal, 282, 1579-1581.
Finding the Answers
McGeary, G. D. (1981). Help a snorer. Journal of the American Medical Association, 245, 1729.
Simmons, E B., Guilleminault, C., Dement, W. C., and Tilkian, A. G. (1977). Surgical management of airway obstruction during sleep. Laryngoscope, 87, 326-338.
Enjoying the Cure
Guilleminault, C., Winkle, R., Korobkin, R., and Simmons, B. (1982). Children and nocturnal snoring: Evaluation of the effects of sleep-related respiratory resistive load and daytime functioning. European Journal of Pediatrics, 139, 165-171.
Hyperactive Behavior
Busby, K., Firestone, P., and Pivik, R. T. (1981). Sleep patterns in hyperkinetic and normal children. Sleep, 4, 366-384.
Conners, C. K. (1974). Rating scale for use in drug studies with children. Psychopharmacology Bulletin, 10, (Special Issue), 24.
Greenhill, L., Puig-Antich, T., Goetz, R., Hanlon, C, and Davies, M. (1983). Sleep architecture and REM sleep measures in pre-pubertal children with attention deficit disorder with hyper-activity. Sleep, 6, 91-101.
Porrino, L. J., Rapoport, J. L., Behar, D., Sceery W, Ismond, D. R., and Bunney, W E. (1983). A naturalistic assessment of the motor activity of hyperactive boys. Archives of General Psychiatry, 40, 681-687.
Simonds, J. E, and Parraga, H. (1984). Sleep behaviors and disorders in children and adolescents evaluated at psychiatric clinics. Journal of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, 5, 6-10.
Weissbluth, M. (1984). Sleep duration, temperament, and Conners’ ratings of 3-year-old children. Journal of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, 5, 120-123.
Weissbluth, M., and Liu, K. (1983). Sleep patterns, attention span, and infant temperament. Journal of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, 4, 34-36.
Seasonal Affective Disorder
Carskadon, M. A., and Acebo, C. (1993). Parental reports of seasonal mood and behavior changes in children. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 32, 264-269.
Glod, C. A, Teicher, M. H., Polcari, A, McGreenery, C. E., and Ito, Y. (1997). Circadian rest-activity disturbances in children with seasonal affective disorder. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 36, 188-195.
Swedo, S. E., Allen, A. J., Glod, C. A, Clark, C. H., Teicher, M. H., Richter, D., Hoffman, C, Hamburger, S. D., Dow, S., Brown, C, and Rosenthal, N. E. (1997). A controlled trial of light therapy for the treatment of pediatric seasonal affective disorder. Jour
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Bed-wetting
Bader, G., Neveus, T, Kruse, S., and Sillen, U. (2002). Sleep of primary eneuretic children and controls. Sleep, 25, 579-583.
Chapter 11. Special Events and Concerns
Twins, Triplets, and More
Linkowki, P. (1994). Genetic influences on EEG sleep and the human circadian clock: A twin study. Pharmacopsychiatry, 27, 7-10.
Injuries
Belechri, M., Petridou, E., and Trichopoulos, D. (2002). Bunk versus conventional beds: A comparative assessment of fall injury risk. Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, 56, 413-417.
Carey, W. B. (1972). Clinical application of infant temperament measurement. Journal of Pediatrics, 81, 823-828.
Richman, N. A. (1981). A community survey of 1-to 2-year-olds with sleep disruptions. Journal of the American Academy of Child Psychiatry, 20, 281-291.
Weissbluth, M. (1981). Sleep duration and infant temperament. Journal of Pediatrics, 5, 817-819.
Weissbluth, M. (1984). Sleep duration, temperament, and Conners’ ratings of 3-year-old children. Journal of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, 5, 120-123.
Overweight, Exercise, and Diet
Butte, N. F. Jensen, C. L., Moon, J. K., Glaze, D. G., and Frost, J. D. (1992). Sleep organization and energy expenditure of breastfed and formula-fed infants. Pediatric Research, 32, 514-519.
Carey, W. B. (1985). Temperament and increased weight gain in infants. Journal of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, 6, 128-131.
deVries, M. W. (1984). Temperament and infant mortality among the Masai of East Africa. American Journal of Psychiatry, 141, 1189-1194.
Neumann, M., and Jacobs, K. W. (1992). The relationship between dietary components and aspects of sleep. Perceptive Motor Skills, 75, 873-874.
Sekine, Y, Yamagami, T, Handa, K., Saito, T, Nanre, S., Kawaminami, K., Tokui, N., Yoshida, K., and Kagamimori, S. (2002). A dose-response relationship between short sleeping hours and childhood obesity: Results of the Toyama Birth Cohort Study. Child: Care, Health and Development, 28, 163-170.
von Kries, R., Toschke, A. M., Wurnser, H., Sauerwald, T, and Koletsko, B. (2002). Reduced risk for overweight and obesity in 5-and 6-year-old children by duration of sleep—a cross sectional study. International Journal of Obesity and Related Metabolic Disorders, 26, 710-716.
Youngstedt, S. D., O'Connor, P. J., and Dishman, R. K. (1997). The effects of acute exercise on sleep: A quantitative synthesis. Sleep, 20, 203-214.
Child Abuse
Arvola, T., Tahvanainedn, A., and Isolauri, E. (2000). Concerns and expectations of parents with atopic infants. Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, 11, 183-188.
Kemp, A. S. (1999). Atopic eczema: its social and financial costs. Journal of Pediatrics, 35, 229-231.
Reuveni, H., Chapnick, G., Tal, A, and Tarasiuk, A. (1999). Sleep fragmentation in children with atopic dermatitis. Archives of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, 153, 249-253.
Chapter 12. Competent Parents, Competent Child,
Karen Pierce, M.D.
Basch, M. F. (1988). Understanding Psychotherapy: The Science Behind the Art. New York: Basic Books.
Brazelton, T. B., and Cramer, B. G. (1990). The Earliest Relationship. Reading, Massachusetts: Addison-Wesley Company.
Caplan, L. (1978). Oneness and Separateness. Oak Park, Illinois: La Leche.
Siegel, D. J. (1999). The Developing Mind: Toward a Neurobiology of Interpersonal Experience. New York: The Guilford Press.
Stern, D. N. (1990). Diary of a Baby. New York: Basic Books.
Chapter 13. The Pros and Cons of Other
Approaches to Sleep Problems
Sears, W. (1995). Nighttime Parenting: How to Get Your Baby and Child to Sleep. New York: New American Library.
About the Author
A pediatrician with thirty-two years of experience, MARC WEISSBLUTH, M.D., is also a leading researcher on sleep and children. He founded the original Sleep Disorders Center at Chicago's Children's Memorial Hospital and is a Professor of Clinical Pediatrics at Northwestern University School of Medicine. Dr. Weissbluth discovered that sleep is linked to temperament and that sleeping problems are related to infant colic. His landmark seven-year study on the development and disappearance of naps highlighted the importance of daytime sleep. In addition to his own research, he has written about sleep problems in manuals of pediatrics, lectured extensively to parent groups, and appeared on Oprah. Dr. Weissbluth has four sons, three grandsons, and, thankfully, one granddaughter—and they are all good sleepers. Linda, his wife of more than forty years, has provided both inspiration and original ideas for this book.
Copyright © 1987, 1999, 2003 by Marc Weissbluth
Foreword copyright © 2003 by Cindy Crawford
New Introduction copyright © 2005 by Marc Weissbluth
All rights reserved.
Pulished in the United States by Ballantine Books, an imprint of The Random House Publishing Group, a division of Random House, Inc., New York. Originally published in trade paperback in the United States by Ballantine Books, an imprint of The Random House Publishing Group, a division of Random House, Inc., in 1987, and revised in 1999 and 2003.
BALLANTINE and colophon are registered trademarks of Random House, Inc.
eISBN: 978-0-345-51840-8
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