Black literature, 161, 170, 171, 173, 174, 179, 180
study of, 158, 176, 177, 178, 288
Black, Marcus Garvey, 518
Black Orpheus (movie), 475, 476, 477, 508
Black Panther Party, 318
Black Power, 21, 128, 173, 263, 315, 318, 407, 422, 454, 458, 486–487, 523
Black vernacular, 159, 162, 166, 184, 234, 236, 238, 241, 260, 261, 514, 540, 542, 543
Blackness, 166, 173–174, 178–179, 236, 237, 382, 390, 422, 446, 478, 506, 539, 558
attitudes toward, 493, 494
language of, 257
whiteness and, 353
Blair, Tony, 444
Blake; or, The Huts of America (Delany), 54, 59, 469
Blakey, Art, 471
Blassingame, John W., 91, 94, 310
Blight, David, 143–144
Blocos Afro, 486, 487, 488
Blofeld, Ernst, 524
Bloom, Allan, 151, 164, 168, 240
Bloom, Harold, 189, 276, 280
Blyden, Edward Wilmot, 134, 418–419
Boa Gente, Mestre, 484–485, 486
Boas, Franz, 134, 135, 420
Boateng, Ozwald, 439
Bobo, Lawrence, 594
Bogin, Ruth, 60
Bond, John Robert, 379, 380, 381
Bond, Robert Percy, 379, 380, 381, 388
Bond, Wenonah, 379
Bondwoman’s Narrative by Hannah Crafts, a Fugitive Slave, Recently Escaped from North Carolina, The (Crafts), 76, 83, 89–90, 92, 93, 95, 97–98, 102, 106–110, 112, 118
Bone, Robert, 325, 326
Bonnet, Marie Pauline, 366, 367
Bono, 571
Bontemps, Arna, 338
Booth, John Wilkes, 105
Boothe, Charles O., 139
Bosman, William, 219
Boston City Directory, 50–51, 93
Bowie, David, 442
Boyce, Sonia, 448
Boyles, Samuel, 50
Boyz N the Hood (Singleton), 459
Bradley, David, 316
Brady, Helen, 8–9, 10
Brady, Samuel, 7–8, 12, 14
Brady, William, 8
Braithwaite, Edward Kamau, 176
Braithwaite, William Stanley, 452
Brawley, Benjamin, 60, 134
Braxton, Anthony, 458
Brecht, Bertolt, 201, 204, 208, 209
Brent, Linda, 91, 93
Breslow, Paul, 346
Brewster, Yvonne, 444, 445, 448
Britton, Burt, 347
Brodhead, Richard, 162–163
Brodkey, Harold, 187, 341, 349
Brook, Richard, 75
Brooke, Edward, 42
Brooks, Gwendolyn, 172, 191, 348, 460
Brooks, Van Wyck, 330
Brossard, Chandler, 339, 344, 357
Brown, Cecil, 558
Brown, Christy, 344–345
Brown, Claude, 316
Brown, Craigen W., 88
Brown, Georgia, 447
Brown, H. Rap, 234, 263, 272, 513
Signifyin(g) and, 264, 265–266, 277
Brown, Henry “Box,” 107, 111, 132
Brown, Herbert Ross, 60
Brown, James, 437
Brown, John, 40, 56, 105
Brown, Mary Elizabeth, 99
Brown, Oscar, Jr., 240
Brown, Sterling A., 60, 158, 173, 215, 246, 460
Brown, Tina, 360
Brown, William Wells, 49, 54, 59, 68, 77, 79, 83, 85
Brown v. Board of Education (1954), 160, 310, 316, 318, 526
Browne, Sir Thomas, 428, 430
Broyard, Aida, 335
Broyard, Alexandra Nelson, 343, 346–349, 354–357, 360, 361
blacks and, 352–353
marriage of, 341–342
Broyard, Anatole Paul, 79, 332, 351, 353, 354, 366, 492
ancestry of, 367, 368
birth of, 333–334, 359
blacks and, 347–348, 349, 350
death of, 355–356, 357, 360, 361–362, 369–370
marriage of, 335, 341–342
notice for, 336–337
seduction by, 340–341
Broyard, Bliss, 342, 357, 358
ancestry of, 364–366, 367, 368
on father, 360–361, 362, 363–364, 367, 370
Broyard, Edna Miller, 333, 334, 359, 365, 368, 368–369
Broyard, Étienne, 365
Broyard, Gala, 335
Broyard, Henry Antoine, 366, 367
Broyard, Lorraine, 333, 362, 365
Broyard, Nat, 367, 368
Broyard, Paul, 333, 334, 359, 368
Broyard, Rosa Cousin, 367, 368
Broyard, Roscoe, 369
Broyard, Todd, 342, 357, 360
Bruce, Joe, 17
Brustein, Robert, 525–526
Brutus, Dennis, 176
Bryant, Theodore Arthur, Sr., 13
Bryce-Laporte, Roy, 465
Bryer, Jackson R., 60
Buchanan, James, 105, 106
Buck, Pearl, 191
Bugner, Ladislas, 232
Bullins, Ed, 523, 529, 541
Bullocks, Amanda, 398, 409
Bullocks, Charles, 398
Bullocks, Hattie Mae, 397–398
Bunche, Ralphe, 583, 584
Burch, Charles Eaton, 171
Burgess, Anthony, 191
Burke, Kenneth, 240, 279, 314, 317, 325
Burns, Anthony, 103
Bush, Barbara, 604
Bush, George H. W., 582
Bush, George W., 543, 575, 588–589, 590, 599
Bush, Laura, 604
Butler, Jerry, 33
Butler, Robert Olen, 346
Butts, Hugh F., 262
Byrd, Rudolph, 98, 118, 195
Byron, Lord, 64, 92
Calder, Angus, 200
Caldwell, Erskine, 191
Calloway, Terryl, 532
Calverton, V. F., 157, 159, 160
Cambridge, Godfrey, 436
Camero, Candido, 471
Campbell, Joseph, 317
Campbell, Luther, 511
Camus, Marcel, 475
Canada, Geoffrey, 595–596
Candomblé, 477, 479, 482, 483–484, 487, 491, 495, 508
Cane (Toomer), 295, 297, 298, 299, 300
Capitein, Jacobus, 468
Caradon, Lord, 564
Carby, Hazel, 287
Carpenter, Pat, 369
Carroll, Charlie, 20–21
Carson, Benjamin S. “Ben,” Sr., 545
Carson, Clayborne “Clay,” 588
Carter, Asa Earl, 516, 522
Carter, Dan T., 516
Carter, Forrest, 516
Carter, Jimmy, 372
Carter, Stephen, 457
Case of Passmore Williamson, The, 98, 99–100
Casely-Hayford, J. E., 134
Casper, Gerhard, 579
Cassady, Neal, 336
Caste system, 543, 605, 606–607, 612, 615, 620
Castro, Fidel, 460
Cervantes, 308, 467
Césaire, Aimé, 177, 198, 471
Chambers, John, 377, 378
Chapmyn, James, 535, 536
Chappelle, Dave, 543
Charlemagne, 384, 385, 390
Charles, Ray, 615
Chauncey, Charles, 121
Cheney, Dick, 599
Chesnutt, Charles W., 71, 299, 452
Child, Julia, 532
Child, Lydia Maria, 54
Chisholm, Shirley, 41
Chitlin Circuit, 530, 531, 532, 535–536, 539, 541
Christian, Barbara, 60
Christie, Linford, 440, 444
Civil Rights Act (1964), 318, 372, 588, 589
Civil Rights Movement, 17, 33, 40–41, 128, 130, 131, 135, 149, 151, 310, 318, 367, 372, 402, 454, 474, 475, 478, 504, 546, 562, 587, 617, 618
Clark, Kenneth, 316
Clark, Rosa, 105
Clark, Septima, 128
Class, 84, 115, 369, 373, 462, 466, 546, 591, 600
Cleav
er, Eldridge, 130
Clifford, Isaac, 17
Clifford, J. R., 6, 7
Clifford, Lucy, 31
Clinton, Bill, 41, 593
Clinton, Hillary, 593, 597, 604
Clotel (Brown), 54, 59, 83, 159
Cohen, Jacob, 322
Colbert, Stephen, 389
Cole, Nat King, 24, 25, 393
Coleman, Dorothy, 27
Coleman, Little Jim, 33
Coleman, James, Sr. “Nemo,” 27, 30, 31, 33, 35, 36, 37
Coleman, Paul, 28
Coleman, Steve, 458
Collins, Jackie, 318
Color Purple, The (Walker), 224
Coltrane, John, 254, 437, 621
Connors, John R., 135
Content, Marjorie, 298
Conway, Terry, 36
Cook, Eliza, 64
Cooke, Michael G., 173, 175
Cooper, Anna Julia, 121, 125–126, 452
Cosby, Bill, 447, 457, 542, 594
Cosgrove, Frank, 96
Cosgrove, John, 96
Cosgrove, Thomas, 96
Cousin, Anatole, 367
Cozzens, James Gould, 191
Craft, Ellen, 83, 84, 92, 107, 118, 132
Craft, Richard, 108
Craft, William, 83, 107, 118, 132
Crafts, Hannah, 75, 76, 77, 80, 81, 82, 84, 87, 93, 97, 114
life of, 96, 98, 102, 106
marriage and, 115–116, 118
search for, 88, 95, 100, 105–106, 107–112, 113, 118
slavery and, 86, 115, 116
writing of, 83, 85, 89, 90, 91, 92, 112
Crafts, Maria H., 109, 110, 118
Crafts, Mary H., 110
Cresswell, Nicholas, 257, 258
Crick, Francis, 326, 551
Crispe, Richard, 12
Crispe, William, 12
Critical Inquiry, 195, 217, 225, 287, 288, 290, 291, 294
Crogman, William H., 60
Cronkite, Walter, 19
Crouch, Stanley, 325, 329, 457
Crummell, Alexander, 418, 419
Cuffe, Paul, 40, 418
Cugoano, Ottabah, 222, 468
Cullen, Countee, 413, 414, 415, 416, 418, 453
Culture, 332, 619
African, 141, 425, 433, 488, 494
black, 45, 179, 235, 305, 307, 314, 418, 442–443, 456, 460, 465, 477–478, 513
Pan-African, 477, 484
slavery and, 433
Cunard, Nancy, 298
Cundieff, Rusty, 458
Da Silva, Chica, 490, 491, 492, 493, 499, 500
Dali, Salvador, 335, 559
Dalton, Karen C.C., 233
Dart, Raymond, 430
Darwin, Charles, 326, 430
Dash, Julie, 455
Davidson, Basil, 429
Davidson, Charlie, 327
Davis, Angela, 130, 499
Davis, Anthony, 455, 458, 459
Davis, Arthur P., 158, 173
Davis, Benjamin Jefferson, Jr., 129
Davis, Charles T., 173, 360
Davis, Clarissa, 83
Davis, David Brion, 107, 310
Davis, Jackson, 137
Davis, James, 487
Davis, Jean Curtis, 360
Davis, Miles, 356, 437, 621
Davis, Ossie, 131
Davis, Sammy, Jr., 20, 24
Davis, Thulani, 455
Dawn, Marpessa, 476, 479
Day, Wyatt Houston, 76, 80, 88, 93
De Beauvoir, Simone, 164
De Maupassant, Guy, 153
De Menil, Dominique Schlumberger, 195, 225, 226, 228, 229, 231–232
De Menil, John, 228, 229, 231–232
De Moraes, Vincent, 475
De Quincy, Saher, 384
Death and the King’s Horseman (Soyinka), 197, 202, 204, 205, 206, 210
Declining Significance of Race: Blacks and Changing American Institutions, The (Wilson), 593, 600
Defoe, Daniel, 456
Delaney, Beauford, 557
Delany, Martin R., 49, 54, 59, 418, 469
Delany, Samuel R., 518
Derrida, Jacques, 163, 223, 236, 247, 287, 289
Descartes, Rene, 218
Detter, Thomas, 469
Diamond, Jared, 432
Dickens, Charles, 153, 171
Dickson, Bruce, 305
Diddley, Bo, 130
Diderot, Denis, 133
Dillard, J. L., 246, 261, 262
Discrimination, 129, 165, 508, 552, 561, 601
Divine, Father, 152
Dixon, Little Willie, 240
DNA, testing, 8, 9, 12, 14, 15, 145, 147, 292, 293, 360, 368, 375, 376, 386, 386–390, 406–408
Do the Right Thing (Lee), 459
Dollard, John, 618
Dorsey, Kate, 105
Dorsey, Mary, 105
Dos Reis, Maria F., 49
Douglas, Aaron, 453
Douglas, Ann, 307
Douglass, Frederick, 21, 22, 49, 71, 77, 79, 83, 85, 87, 91, 93, 99, 102, 108, 111, 146, 160, 178, 330, 380, 418, 419, 468–469, 520–521, 544, 548
Covey and, 72
Emancipation Proclamation and, 39–40
essays by, 614
liberation and, 417
migration and, 611
Signified and, 258
slave narrative of, 153, 183
troping and, 257
Dove, Rita, 172, 455
Driscoll, Emily, 75, 80, 81, 82, 92, 97, 113
Du Bois, Burghardt, 305
Du Bois, Shirley, 311
Du Bois, William Edward Burghardt (W. E. B.), 7, 39, 59, 300, 308, 452, 453, 470, 478, 495, 498, 528, 560
African travels of, 423
double consciousness and, 305, 306
Encyclopedia Africana and, 133–135, 137–138, 142
Franklin and, 310–311
migration and, 614
Pan-Africanism and, 420
quote of, 413, 474
racialists and, 552
talented tenth and, 114, 455
Woodson and, 136
Du Bois Review, 555, 593
Dukakis, Michael, 42, 603
Duke, David, 552
Duke, Maurice, 60
Dunbar, Paul Laurence, 178, 330, 451, 452
Duncan, Arne, 596
Dundes, Alan, 241
Dunford, Judith, 347
Dunham, Katherine, 130
Dunne, John Gregory, 520
Dvorák, Antonin, 330, 453
Early, Gerald, 457
Easthope, Anthony, 249, 252
Economic issues, 218, 219, 454, 504, 552, 573, 591, 592, 598, 601, 602, 606
social issues and, 599–600
Education, 585, 589, 591–592, 594, 596, 609
in Brazil, 504–505, 507, 508
universal, 162–163
Einstein, Albert, 502
Eisenhower, Dwight, 563
Elder, Arlene A., 60
Eldridge, Roy, 515
Elephant, 243, 244, 245, 247, 250, 251–252, 253
self-defense by, 246
Eliot, Charles William, 134
Eliot, George, 318
Eliot, Thomas Stearns, 189, 213, 214, 215, 320
Elizabeth I, Queen, 437
Ellington, Duke, 316, 323, 328, 329, 330
Elliott, Charlotte, 64
Elliott, Robert Brown, 129
Ellis, Trey, 457
Ellison, Curtis W., 59
Ellison, Ralph Waldo, 87, 149, 172, 178, 263, 277, 313, 314, 317, 348, 459, 460, 462
Bearden memorial and, 331
Bellow on, 326–327
Broyard and, 346
Murray and, 315, 321, 322, 323, 325, 326–327, 328, 329
Signifyin(g) and, 254–255, 269
youth of, 320–321
Elridge, Richard, 296
Eltis, David, 145, 146, 465, 548
Emancipation Proclamation, 38, 39–40, 143, 618
Emecheta, Buchi, 177
Emerson, Ralph Waldo, 155, 156, 191, 306, 330
E
ncyclopedia Africana, The, 133, 134, 135, 137–138, 420
Encyclopedia of the Negro, The, 135, 136, 137, 139
Engeldinger, Eugene A., 61
Epstein, Jason, 345
Equiano, Olaudah, 177, 222, 468
Ernst, Max, 228
Erskine-Hill, Henry, 443
Erving, John, 121
Eshun, Ekow, 446, 450
Esters, Katherine, 398
Esu-Elegbara, 234, 241, 267, 280–281
Eubank, Chris, 440, 445
Eugenius IV, Pope, 467
Evans, Ann, 380, 381
Evans, Edward, 381
Evans, John, 381
Evers, Medgar, 130, 372
Fabian, Ann, 86–87, 98, 112
Fairbanks, Carol, 61
Fani-Kayode, Rotimi, 448
Fanning, David, 99
Farrakhan, Louis, 131, 527
Farrell, James T., 191
Faubus, Orville, 151
Faulkner, William, 313, 317, 329
Fauset, Jessie, 453
Faust, Drew, 309–310
Faux, William, 258
Feather, Leonard, 515
Feldman, Shoshana, 289
Fiedler, Leslie, 174, 175
Finder, Henry, 360
Fish, Stanley, 310
Fisher, Ben, 276
Fisher, Dexter, 174, 175
Fleming, Ian, 153
Flexner, Stuart Berg, 262
Florentino, Manolo, 145
Forten, James, 418
Fortune, T. Thomas, 613
Foster, Frances Smith, 98
Foster, Robert Joseph Pershing, 614, 615, 616
Fowler, Carolyn, 173
Foxx, Redd, 328
Frank, Waldo, 297
Frankfurter, Felix, 135
Franklin, Benjamin, 100
Franklin, John Hope, 308–309, 310–311
Fraser, C. Gerald, 351
Frazier, E. Franklin, 136, 607, 608
Fredericks, Edmund Fitzgerald, 470
Freud, Sigmund, 247–248, 348, 518
Freyre, Gilberto, 472, 473, 476, 495–499, 501
racial democracy and, 478, 480, 508
Friedman, Bruce Jay, 521
From, Isador, 346–347
From Slavery to Freedom (Franklin), 308, 309, 310, 311, 312
Fryer, Roland, 595, 596
Fuchs, D., 520
Fugitive slaves, 68, 77, 90–91, 93, 98, 102, 107, 108, 155
Funta, Antonio Emanuele, 467
Furtado, Júnia, 488–489, 490, 491
Gaddis, William, 339–340, 357
Gaines, Ernest J., 328
Galbraith, John Kenneth, 546
Garcia Marquez, Gabriel, 201
Gardner, Newport, 413
Garis, Leslie, 356
Garland, Ann, 117
Garnet, Henry Highland, 414, 418, 468–469
Garrett, Edward, 139, 538
Garrett, Shelly, 536–538, 539
Garrison, William Lloyd, 160
Garvey, Marcus, 131, 420, 422, 461, 469, 544, 560, 597
Gates, Alice, 7
Gates, Edward, 7, 8
Gates, Edward St. Lawrence “Pop,” 3, 5, 8, 11, 22, 28
death of, 4, 17
scrapbooks of, 4, 10, 17
Gates, Elizabeth “Liza,” 291, 414
Gates, Henry Louis, Sr., 21, 22, 27, 28
Cole and, 24
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