Bermuda, 15–16
Blair, John, 381
Bland, Mrs. Theodorick, 258
Bloxham, James, 329
Board of War, 227, 237
Boston, 43, 44, 85–87, 91, 95, 112, 128, 140, 144, 152, 161, 197, 203, 225, 251, 260, 279, 284, 383, 390, 446, 457–58
Boston Massacre, 94
Boston Port Act. See Coercive Acts
Boston Tea Party, 85, 86, 87
Botetourt, Baron de, 72, 94, 98
Boucher, Jonathan, 78, 80, 85, 92
Bouquet, Henry, 54, 55, 263, 398
Braam, Jacob van, 20, 23, 29, 30
Braddock, Edward, 32–33, 35–39, 59, 114, 115, 154, 167, 190, 263, 407, 418
Bradford, William, 449
Braintree, Mass., 150, 152
Brandywine Creek, Battle of, 209–12, 231, 253, 266
Bridgetown, Barbados, 14–15
Brooklyn, N.Y., 153, 167, 169
Brown, Gustavus, 506
Bullskin Creek, 14, 16, 47, 55, 64, 69
Bunker Hill, Battle of, 120–21, 122, 128, 145, 153, 162, 164
legacy of, 147, 168, 172
Burgoyne, John, 129, 198, 214, 221
Saratoga campaign of, 203–4
Burlington, N.J., 177, 178
Burr, Aaron, 171, 257
Butler, Edward George Washington, 512
Butler, Pierce, 364
Cadwalader, John, 183, 186–87, 190, 230, 339
Calvert, Benedict, 80, 96
Calvert, George, 502
Cambridge, Mass., 123–24, 127, 131, 133, 144, 146, 151, 154, 258, 407, 512
Camden, Battle of, 278–79, 301, 400
Canada, 141, 143, 155, 160, 163, 164, 193
GW plans invasion of 1775, 122–23, 129
failure of invasion, 140
campaign of 1776, 160–61
invasion plans of 1778, 236–37, 264, 269–71
invasion plan of 1779, 282
GW favors
invasion of, 308
Carleton, Sir Guy, 129, 160, 197, 243, 307–9, 313–14, 320
Carlisle, Pa., 200, 451–52
Carrollsburg, Md., 394, 398
Cartagena, Campaign of, 7–8, 30
Carter, George, 71, 91, 110
Carter, Landon, 491
Cato. See Addison, Joseph
Chad’s Ford, Pa. See Battle of Brandy-wine Creek
Charles River, 145, 146, 383
Charles Town, Va., 336
Charleston, S.C., 86, 95, 150, 206, 286, 304, 307, 351, 400, 419, 432–33, 457
surrender of in 1780, 277–78
Charlotte, N.C., 278, 400
Chartier’s Creek, Pa., 336–37
Chase, Samuel, 461
Cheat River, 337
Cherokee Indians, 408, 410
Chestnut Ridge (Mount Braddock), Pa., 28
Chew, Benjamin, 216
Chickasaw Indians, 408, 410
Choctow Indians, 408, 410
Chovet, Abraham, 360
Cincinnati, Ohio, 405
Clark, George Rogers, 434
Clarke County, Va., 511
Claypoole’s American Daily Advertiser, 466
Clinton, George, 314–15, 420
Clinton, Sir Henry, 150, 160, 164, 171, 176, 214, 243, 270–71, 275, 280, 283, 289, 293–95, 304, 319
in Battle of Monmouth, 243–49
description of, 243
and Southern strategy, 267–69, 272–73
in Arnold’s treason, 283–84
Yorktown campaign, 296–98
Coercive Acts, 86, 87, 106
Colchester, Va., 399
Columbia, S.C., 400
Common Sense. See Paine, Thomas
Concord, Mass., 110, 130
Conococheague River, 394, 397
Constitutional Convention, 348, 355–62, 393, 470
Continental Army, 113
size of, 124, 136–37, 155, 160, 180, 199, 225, 236, 242, 244
discipline in, 126–27, 152, 168
composition of, 137, 198–99, 539
morale in, 137, 152, 168, 193, 222, 272, 274, 279
recruitment for, 137–38, 142–43, 161, 180–81, 188, 199
health of, 139–40, 152, 159, 164, 195, 276
“flying camp,” 155, 180, 182
casualties, 167, 174–75, 211, 216, 217, 222, 248, 269, 273, 278, 302
restructured in 1777, 198–99
intelligence operations, 202, 209–10, 212, 215, 245–46
supplies, 213, 221–24, 234–36, 277, 279, 287, 294
Continental Association, 107
Continental Congress, First (1774), 105–7, 256, 443
Continental Congress, Second (1775–1789), 148, 153, 241, 277, 403
creates army, 112–20
seeks to influence strategy, 133–34, 169, 175, 220
attempts to shape army, 138
GW meets with, 154–58, 266–67, 306–7, 315
forced to flee, 181, 315
relations with GW, 188, 266–67
half-pay issue, 223, 286–87
criticism of GW, 227–28
Board of War, 227
Conway Cabal, 230
and Newburgh Conspiracy, 309–12
Conway, Thomas, 226–30, 237, 238, 252
Conway Cabal, 225–30, 237, 356, 461, 498
Cornwallis, Earl of, 178, 179–81, 203, 210, 225, 263, 278, 295–96, 307, 374, 379, 399
Princeton campaign, 188–93
in Battle of Guilford Court House, 293
in Yorktown campaign, 296–304
Coudray, Philippe Charles Transon du, 217, 230–31
Cowpens, Battle of, 291
Craik, George Washington, 502
Craik, Dr. James, 50, 72, 73, 227, 336, 378, 411, 494, 503–4, 505–6, 511
Craik, James (Jr.), 444
Crawford, William, 70–73, 95, 109
Creek Indians, 409–10
Crown Point, 130, 160, 203, 314
Culpepper County, Va., 13
Cumberland, Md., 452, 490
Cunliffe, Marcus, xi, 521
Cushing, William, 381
Custer, George, 407
Custis, Daniel Parke, 52
Custis, Eleanor Calvert (later Mrs. David Stuart), 80–82, 117, 138, 306, 344, 504, 511
Custis, George Washington Parke, 344, 361, 384, 389, 493, 501–3, 509–11
Custis, John Parke (Jackie), 52, 61, 82, 92, 94, 99, 103, 117, 138, 331, 344, 493
education of, 78–80
marriage of, 80
character of, 80
death of, 306
Custis, Martha Parke (Patsy), 52, 61, 95, 306, 331
illness and death, 81
will of, 82
Custis, Mary Lee Fitzhugh, 511
Dagworthy, John, 42–43, 47
Dan River, 293
Danbury, Conn., 201
Dandridge, Bartholomew, 444
Dandridge, Patty, 344
Deane, Silas, 103, 117, 226, 230–31
De Conde, Alexander, 471
Delaware River, 180–81, 183, 217–18
Democratic-Republican Party. See Jefferson, Thomas
Democratic-Republican Societies, 434, 450, 452
Destouches, Chevalier, 291–92, 294
Dickinson, John, 91–92, 106, 111
Dinwiddie, Robert, 15, 17, 23–25, 40–41, 42–43, 45–48, 59, 60; 71–72, 115, 168, 263, 418, 518
description of,’ 18
engages GW as emissary, 20
conflict with GW, 27, 30, 47–48, 49–50
Directory, The, 464, 471–72
Dorchester Heights Campaign, 145–49, 264–65
Duer, William, 228
Dumfries, Va., 110
Dunmore, Lord (John Murray), 98, 109, 110, 142, 239
Duportail, Louis le Bégue de Presle, 231, 236, 247, 296
Dyer, Eliphalet, 114
East River, 153, 167, 189, 374–75
Election of 1796, 472–73
Electoral Colle
ge, 364, 368–69, 423
Elizabeth Town, N.J., 369
Ellsworth, Oliver, 437, 461–62
Eltham, Va., 75, 91, 93, 99, 117, 306, 422, 425
Epsewasson. See Mount Vernon
Estaing, Count d’, 268, 271, 275, 277, 280, 295, 319
Eutaw Springs, Battle of, 302
Ewing, James, 183, 186, 187
Fairfax, Bryan, 76, 342, 503–4
Fairfax, George William, 34, 62, 76, 88, 100, 101, 154, 481
arrives in Virginia, 10–11
surveys in West, 12
engagement to Sally Cary, 13
campaigns for GW, 54
grows close to GW, 77
returns to England, 77–78
death of 341
Fairfax, Sally Cary, 47, 51, 62, 76–78, 100, 481
engaged to George William Fairfax, 13
charms GW, 34–35, 39
GW’s love for, 53–54, 55–56, 60, 341–42
writes to GW, 77, moves to England, 77–78
death of 511
Fairfax, Thomas Lord, 4, 12, 14, 114, 154, 232
Fairfax, Colonel William, 8, 11, 19–20, 23, 32, 46, 47, 50, 60, 418
Fairfax County, Va., 87, 99–100, 108, 335, 344, 511
Fallen Timbers, Battle of, 451–52
Fauchet, Joseph, 458, 460–61, 471
Fauntleroy, Betsy, 34
Fayette County, Pa., 489
Federal City (Washington, D.C.), 394, 396–98, 499, 502, 504, 511
Federalist Party. See Hamilton, Alexander
Fenno, John, 415, 466
Ferry Farm, 4, 5, 7, 10, 12, 13, 31, 58, 191
Flexner, James T., xi, 491
Forbes, Eleanor, 493
Forbes, John, 52, 54, 55, 57, 213, 263, 399
Fort Cumberland, 41–42, 46, 48, 95, 336
Fort Dinwiddie, 41
Fort Duquesne, 28, 36–37, 46, 57, 261
Fort Lafayette, 273
Fort Lee, 174, 175, 178, 179, 181
Fort Necessity, 26, 28–29, 39, 114, 253, 261, 263, 303, 489
Fort Pitt, 57, 72, 403
Fort St. John, 130
Fort Stanwix, 315
Fort Ticonderoga, 52, 111–12, 130, 144, 201, 203–4, 207, 212, 314
Fort Washington, 173–76, 178, 193, 197, 236, 253, 261, 263, 265, 319
France, 18
claims to North America, 20, 22
belligerent in French and Indian War, 26, 37–38, 52, 56–57
secret assistance to colonies, 200
alliance with United States, 241–42, 268, 432–33, 471, 481, 495–96
postwar commerce, 350, 432–33
French Revolution erupts, 424
wars with Britain in 1790s, 455
Quasi-War, 471–72, 495–501
Franklin, Benjamin, xi, 80, 133, 135, 269–70, 340, 348, 355, 360, 362, 364–65, 366, 438–39, 498
Franklin, William, 80
Frederick, Md., 402
Frederick County, Va., 13, 54
Fredericksburg, Va., 5, 11, 13, 34, 91, 93, 336–37, 343, 355, 365, 399
Freeman, Douglas Southall, xi, 7, 115
French and Indian War, 26, 69, 89, 114, 165, 191
Freneau, Philip, 415
Fry, Joshua, 24–26
Fugitive Slave Act of 1793, 475
Funding Bill, 388, 391
Gage, Thomas, 33, 36, 37, 80, 112, 120–21, 128, 136
Galloway, Joseph, 236, 358, 461
Gaspee, 94
Gates, Horatio, 33, 110, 114, 116, 131, 132, 145, 149, 154, 161, 182, 221, 225, 237, 261–62, 265, 268–71, 282, 318, 400
background, 109
in Saratoga campaign, 208, 214, 218
and Conway Cabal incident, 225–30
GW and, 252
defeat at Camden, 278–79
and Newburgh Conspiracy, 310–12
Gazette of the United States, 415, 466
Genêt, Edmund, 431–35, 450, 458, 464
George III, 94, 142, 181, 374
Georgetown, Md., 334, 365, 394, 397–98, 401, 440
Georgetown, S.C., 399–400
Germain, Lord George, 162, 198, 204, 243, 289, 296, 307
Germantown, Pa., 447–48
battle of, 214–17, 253, 264–65, 295, 360, 368
Gerry, Elbridge, 364, 496
Gist, Christopher, 17, 20, 23, 25, 27
Gloucester, Va., 301, 303
Gordon, William, 339
Graham, Catherine Macaulay, 340
Grant, James, 183
Grasse, Comte de, 294–304, 308
Great Britain, desires transmontane West, 18, 32
in French and Indian War, 33–40, 54–57
new colonial policy, 88–90, 94, 96
seeks to suppress American rebellion, 121, 145–49, 173–74, 175, 204–19, 243–49, 267–69, 272–73, 296–98
postwar trade problems, 349, 454–61
Great Dismal Swamp, 71, 91, 399, 442, 556
Great Kanawha River, 72, 95–96, 109, 490
Great Meadows, Pa., 336; see also Fort Necessity
Greene, Catherine (Mrs. Nathanael Greene), 400
Greene, Nathanael, 138, 164, 169, 177, 184, 202, 209–11, 222, 227, 230, 231, 245, 253, 268, 276, 399, 401, 416
selected as general officer, 117
in Fort Washington debacle, 175–76
at Germantown, 215–16
quartermaster-general, 233
assessed, 251–52, 254
in command in South, 290, 292–93, 302, 304
Greenville, N.C., 399
Grenville, William Wyndham, 455–56, 464
Guilford Court House, Battle of, 293, 401
Gunston Hall, Va., 75, 92
Half King, The, 20, 22, 25–26, 28, 29
Halifax, N.C., 399
Hamilton, Alexander, 229, 230, 255, 261, 285, 301, 353, 359, 360, 380, 389, 391, 403, 424, 430, 437, 443, 454, 457, 460, 463, 465, 472, 482–83, 505
relations with GW, 256–57, 264
in Newburgh Conspiracy, 309–11
President GW relies on, 376
appointed Secretary of Treasury, 379
economic plans of, 385–88, 390–92, 395–96, 411–12, 480–81
and Federalist revolution, 386–87
and Federalist Party struggles, 412–18, 422–23
meddles in foreign policy, 414–15, 428, 430–31, 435, 437–38
in Whiskey Rebellion, 447–52
resigns cabinet post, 453
and Farewell Address, 466
election of 1796, 472–73
and Quasi-War crisis, 495–502
Hammond, George, 428, 442, 458, 460
Hancock, John, 86, 112, 268, 383
Harlem Heights, 169, 170–71, 172
Harmar, Josiah, 405–6, 451, 474
Harrison, Benjamin, 133, 134
Harrison, Robert Hanson, 154, 255, 339, 381
Harrison, William Henry, 452
Hartford, Conn., 151, 281–82, 383, 461
Harvard College, 123, 128, 383, 444, 493
Head of Elk, Md., 206, 208, 215, 297, 299, 365
Heath, William, 117, 124, 174, 180, 195, 199, 250
Henry, Patrick, 90, 93, 102, 114, 354, 365, 377, 454
Hessen-Kassel. See Hessians
Hessians, 162, 164, 170, 182–87, 193, 211, 261, 269, 296
Hickey, Thomas, 159–60, 534
Hoban, James, 422
Hog, Peter, 41
Hopkins, Stephen, 152
Houdon, Jean Antoine, 340–41
House of Burgesses (Va.), 4, 13–14, 24–25, 49, 52, 54, 62, 73, 76, 87, 91, 94, 98, 99, 155
Howe, Admiral Richard, 162, 163, 169, 244
Howe, Robert, 288
Howe, Sir William, 136, 137, 139, 151, 153, 161, 169, 180, 188, 193, 196–98, 234, 235, 244, 263–64, 393
at Bunker Hill, 121
at Dorchester Heights, 145–49
assessment of, 147, 168, 173, 181, 201–3, 207, 236, 260
campaign for New Y
ork, 162–73
at White Plains, 173–74
takes Fort Washington, 175
plans for 1777, 197–98, 201
Philadelphia campaign, 204–19
Hudson River, 153, 197, 204, 284–85, 294–95
Humphreys, David, 321, 351, 353, 365, 369, 372, 377
Illinois Indians, 404
Ingersoll, Jared, 355
Innes, Colonel James, 26
Iredell, James, 381
Iroquois Indians, 271–72, 454
Jackson, Andrew, 484
Jackson, William, 377
James River Canal Company, 441, 474
Jay, John, 256, 354, 371, 376, 381, 421, 437–39, 451, 453, 482
Jay Treaty, 454–61, 464, 471, 473, 483, 495
Jefferson, Thomas, 155, 291, 319, 348, 377, 384, 396–97, 401, 408, 419, 428, 430–31, 432, 434–38, 441–42, 454, 463–64, 475, 483–85
description of GW, 84, 88, 257, 413, 416, 465–66
appointed Secretary of State, 381
and national capital, 391, 422
Democratic Party opposition to Hamilton, 412–18, 422–23
Election of 1796, 472–73
Jensen, Merrill, 361
Joncaire, Philippe Thomas, 22, 24
Jumonville, Sieur de, 26, 29, 114, 263
Kalb, Baron Johann de, 227, 231, 278, 400
King’s Bridge (Manhattan Island), 153, 169, 172, 195, 295, 320
King’s College (Columbia University), 80, 255
King’s Mountain, Battle of, 287
Kingston, N.Y., 391
Knollenberg, Bernhard, xi, 88
Knox, Henry, 144, 146, 151, 163, 216–17, 227, 231, 245, 254, 264, 280, 284, 309–10, 314, 320, 351, 353, 371, 379, 449, 497–99
Indian policy as Secretary of War, 402–11
resigns cabinet post, 453
Knoxville, Tenn., 410
Kohn, Richard, 407, 448, 498
Kosciuszko, Andrew Thaddeus, 231
Lafayette, George Washington Motier, 444, 493
Lafayette, Gilbert du Motier de (Marquis), 221, 230, 234, 237–38, 253, 262, 268, 270, 279, 280–82, 284–85, 304, 330, 339–40, 346, 392, 424, 443–44, 493, 501, 503
background of, 231
relations with GW, 231–32, 255–56, 261
engagement at Monmouth, 245–48
command in the South, 292–93
Yorktown campaign, 298–301
illustration of, 305
and anti-slavery, 475
Lancaster, Pa., 402
Latrobe, Benjamin, 445, 492
Laurens, Henry, 228, 262
Laurens, John, 255, 290
Lear, Tobias, 345, 377, 389, 393–94, 422, 441, 444–45, 493–94, 499, 503, 505–6, 509, 511
Lechmere’s Point, Mass., 145–46
Lee, Billy, 502
Lee, Charles (GW’s Attorney General), 463, 494
Lee, General Charles, 33, 109, 114, 121, 124, 132, 149, 150, 152, 153, 155, 160, 164–65, 176, 178, 257, 262–65, 318, 367, 416, 462
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