by Alice Dreger
Bailey as a fall guy: See Dreger, “Controversy,” 386.
putting a human face on autogynephilia: I explain this conclusion further in Dreger, “Controversy,” part 5, “The Merit of the Charges.”
by three trans women: Lynn Conway, ed., “A Second Woman Files Research Misconduct Complaints Against Bailey,” July 14, 2003, http://ai.eecs.umich.edu/people/conway/TS/Bailey/SecondComplaint.html (accessed July 27, 2014); Lynn Conway, ed., “A Third Woman Files Research Misconduct Complaints against Bailey,” July 23, 2003, http://ai.eecs.umich.edu/people/conway/TS/Bailey/ThirdComplaint.html (accessed July 27, 2014); Lynn Conway, ed., “A Fourth Trans Woman Files a Formal Complaint with the Vice-President of Research of Northwestern University Regarding the Research Conduct of J. Michael Bailey,” July 30, 2003, http://ai.eecs.umich.edu/people/conway/TS/Bailey/FourthWomansComplaint.html (accessed July 27, 2014).
not even in the book: See Dreger, “Controversy,” 407.
given him permission to do so: Interview with Charlotte Anjelica Kieltyka, Sept. 19, 2006, revised transcript received Sept. 22, 2006; Lynn Conway, ed., “Documentation of a Formal Complaint About J. Michael Bailey’s Sexual Exploitation of a Research Subject, and of Northwestern University’s Apparent Decision to Not Investigate Such Egregious Misconduct,” http://ai.eecs.umich.edu/people/conway/TS/Bailey/KeyDocuments/Misconduct-12-11-03.html. See also Dreger, “Controversy,” 407.
“most hurtful book of his”: Conway, “Documentation of a Formal Complaint,” quoted in Dreger, “Controversy,” 403.
subsequent divorce: See Dreger, “Controversy,” 403.
Illinois Department of Professional Regulation: Lynn Conway, ed., “Evidence and Complaints Filed Against J. Michael Bailey for Practicing as a Clinical Psychologist Without a License, and Then Subsequently Publishing Confidential Clinical Case-History Information Without Permissions,” Apr. 6, 2004, http://ai.eecs.umich.edu/people/conway/TS/Bailey/Clinical/ClinicalComplaint.html (accessed July 27, 2014). See also Dreger, “Controversy,” 392.
driven home the point: Interview with J. Michael Bailey, Aug. 8, 2006, revised transcript received Aug. 8, 2006; Bailey to Dreger, Oct. 2 and 3, 2006. See also Dreger, “Controversy,” 371–72, 410.
relevant Illinois regulations: Illinois Compiled Statutes, 225 ILCS 15/1, chap. 111, para. 5351. For further analysis and documentation, see Dreger, “Controversy,” 411.
broadcast the claim: Charlotte Anjelica Kieltyka to C. Bradley Moore, July 3, 2003, “Anjelica Kieltyka Files a Formal Complaint . . .” (texts of three formal complaints to Northwestern University), http://ai.eecs.umich.edu/people/conway/TS/Anjelica/Complaint.html (accessed July 27, 2014). See also Conway, “A Second Woman Files”; Conway, “A Third Woman Files”; and Conway, “A fourth Trans Woman Files.” See also Dreger, “Controversy,” 400–402.
IRB regulations: On the history of IRBs, see Laura Stark, Behind Closed Doors; IRBs and the Making of Ethical Research (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2011) and see Zachary M. Schrag, Ethical Imperialism: Institutional Review Boards and the Social Sciences, 1965–2009 (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2010).
formalized scientific studies: See Dreger, “Controversy,” 377, 402.
notarized affidavit: Conway, “Documentation of a Formal Complaint”; also quoted in Dreger, “Controversy,” 402–3.
erotic semi-nude photo: See Dreger, “Controversy,” 371.
rare public statement: J. Michael Bailey, “Academic McCarthyism,” Northwestern Chronicle, Oct. 9, 2005, http://archive.today/shRzY (accessed August 29, 2014); discussed in Dreger, “Controversy,” 404.
documentary evidence: Provided by J. Michael Bailey to Alice Dreger, July 20, 2006 and discussed in Dreger, “Controversy,” 404–5.
Deb Bailey: Interview with Deb Bailey, Aug. 9, 2006, no revisions to transcript; and Deb Bailey to Alice Dreger, e-mail interview, Jan. 7, 2007; also documented in Dreger, “Controversy,” 404–5.
“accountable for his actions”: See Conway, “Documentation of a Formal Complaint,” quoted in Dreger, “Controversy,” 403–4.
He was adamant: J. Michael Bailey to Alice Dreger, e-mail interview, July 19, 2006; see also Dreger, “Controversy,” 404.
Juanita wasn’t interested in talking to me: I document my attempts to speak to Juanita in Dreger, “Controversy,” 371.
“he couldn’t get it up”: Interview with Kieltyka, Sept. 21, 2006, revised transcript received Sept. 27, 2006, quoted in Dreger, “Controversy,” 405.
“I wasn’t enthusiastic”: Ibid.
“Followed by narcissistic rage”: For elaboration of Lawrence’s read on the matter, see Anne A. Lawrence, “Shame and Narcissistic Rage in Autogynephilic Transsexualism,” Archives of Sexual Behavior 37, no. 3 (2008): 457–61.
publishing narratives from trans women: See Anne A. Lawrence, Men Trapped in Men’s Bodies: Narratives of Autogynephilic Transsexualism (Doetinchem, Netherlands: Springer, 2013).
Kiira Triea: See Kiira Triea, “Power, Orgasm, and the Psychohormonal Research Unit,” in Intersex in the Age of Ethics, ed. Alice Dreger (Hagerstown, MD: University Publishing Group, 1999): 141–44.
Carey’s piece was published: Benedict Carey, “Criticism of a Gender Theory, and a Scientist Under Siege,” New York Times, Aug. 21, 2007, www.nytimes.com/2007/08/21/health/psychology/21gender.html (accessed July 27, 2014).
McCloskey wrote to the New York Times: Deirdre McCloskey to New York Times, Aug. 24, 2007, www.deirdremccloskey.com/docs/times.pdf (accessed July 27, 2014).
public radio in the Bay Area: “Forum,” KQED, Aug. 22, 2007; transcript at www.alicedreger.com/kqed_forum_transcript.html (accessed July 27, 2014). For a summary of incorrect statements by Roughgarden and my responses to them, see http://alicedreger.com/kqed_forum_corrections.html.
Robin Mathy was filing ethics charges: See footnote on p. 509 of Alice D. Dreger, “Response to the Commentaries on Dreger (2008),” Archives of Sexual Behavior 37 (2008): 503–10; see also Michael Gsovski, “Debate Resumes on Methods of Psych Professor’s Research,” Daily Northwestern, Mar. 18, 2008, http://dailynorthwestern.com/2008/03/18/archive-manual/debate-resumes-on-methods-of-psych-professors-research (accessed July 27, 2014).
CHAPTER 4: A SHOW-ME STATE OF MIND
chronic Lyme disease: See David Grann, “Stalking Dr. Steere over Lyme Disease,” New York Times Magazine, June 17, 2001, www.nytimes.com/2001/06/17/magazine/17LYMEDISEASE.html.
fibromyalgia: See Alex Berenson, “Drug Approved. Is Disease Real?” New York Times, Jan. 14, 2008, www.nytimes.com/2008/01/14/health/14pain.html.
alleged childhood sexual abuse: This refers to the story of Elizabeth Loftus, whose history I recount in Chapter 9. On her story, see Carol Tavris, “The High Cost of Skepticism,” Skeptical Inquirer 26, no. 4 (July–Aug. 2002): 41–44, http://williamcalvin.com/2002/TavrisArticle.htm.
alien abductions: The book was Susan A. Clancy, Abducted: How People Come to Believe They Were Kidnapped by Aliens (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2005).
Ken Sher, my first interviewee: Interview with Ken Sher, Oct. 30, 2008; Sher approved the passages about him on Dec. 3, 2012 (personal e-mail communication).
exceedingly well documented: See, e.g., the special issue, dedicated to the controversy, of American Psychologist 57, no. 3 (Mar. 2002), and Hollida Wakefield, “The Effects of Child Sexual Abuse: Truth Versus Political Correctness,” IPT Journal 16 (2006), www.ipt-forensics.com/journal/volume16/j16_2.htm.
“the Rind paper”: Bruce Rind, Philip Tromovitch, and Robert Bauserman, “A Meta-Analysis Examination of Assumed Properties of Child Sexual Abuse Using College Samples,” Psychological Bulletin 124, no. 1 (July 1998): 22–53.
Sher and Eisenberg had decided: See Kenneth J. Sher and Nancy Eisenberg, “Publication of Rind et al. (1998): The Editors’ Perspective,” American Psychologist 57, no. 3 (Mar. 2002): 206–10.
“or e
ven altered”: Rind, Tromovitch, and Bauserman, “Meta-Analysis,” 47.
NAMbLA: See NAMbLA, North American Man/Boy Love Association, “The Good News About Man/Boy Love” (1999), archived at https://web.archive.org/web/20140728213555/https://www.ipce.info/ipceweb/Documentation/Documents/99-112_nambla_statement.htm.
virtual pitchmen for pedophilia: See Sher and Eisenberg, “Publication.”
Tom Delay: See Ellen Greenberg Garrison and Patricia Clem Kobor, “Weathering a Political Storm: A Contextual Perspective on a Psychological Research Controversy,” American Psychologist 57, no. 3 (Mar. 2002): 165–75.
A vote of 355 to 0: See Garrison and Kobor, “Weathering,” 172.
“that Congress condemns”: House Concurrent Resolution 107 (106th Congress, 1999–2000): “Expressing the sense of Congress rejecting the conclusions of a recent article published by the American Psychological Association that suggests that sexual relationships between adults and children might be positive for children”; passed.
“AND ARE IN ERROR”: Quoted in Sher and Eisenberg, “Publication,” 206.
APA kept Sher and Eisenberg apprised: See Sher and Eisenberg, “Publication,” 209.
“on child welfare and protection issues”: See Garrison and Kobor, “Weathering,” and Wakefield, “Effects.”
subverted in the service of politics: See Scott O. Lilienfeld, “When Worlds Collide: Social Science, Politics, and the Rind et al. (1998) Child Sexual Abuse Meta-Analysis,” American Psychologist 57, no. 3 (Mar. 2002): 176–88.
“scientists in a professional field”: Quoted in Wakefield, “Effects.”
Dr. Laura on the radio: This is also described in Sher and Eisenberg, “Publication,” 209.
“voting for pedophilia”: Sher and Eisenberg, “Publication,” 206, n. 1, emphasis added.
A Natural History of Rape: Randy Thornhill and Craig T. Palmer, A Natural History of Rape: Biological Bases of Sexual Coercion (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2000).
Roughgarden had published: Joan Roughgarden, review of Evolution, Gender, and Rape for Ethology 110, no. 1 (Jan. 2004): 76–78; quotation on p. 77.
“excuse for criminal behavior”: Roughgarden, review, 76.
Craig had told me in advance: Our interview occurred on October 20, 2008, and Craig Palmer approved the passages about him on Oct. 26, 2010 (personal e-mail communication).
in the Sciences: Randy Thornhill and Craig T. Palmer, “Why Men Rape,” Sciences, Jan.–Feb. 2000, 30–36.
“Bill Clinton’s behavior”: Interview with Craig Palmer, Oct. 30, 2008.
Barbara Ehrenreich: Barbara Ehrenreich, “How ‘Natural’ Is Rape?” Time, Jan. 31, 2000, 88.
letter writer to the Los Angeles Times: Doris C. Kagin, letter to the editor, Los Angeles Times, Mar. 13, 2000, E3.
Nashville Tennessean’s: Lawrence Spohn, “‘Can’t Help It’ Theory Sparks Anger for Blaming Biology, Reproductive Instinct When a Man RAPES a Woman,” Nashville Tennessean, Jan. 30, 2000.
Manchester Guardian: Michael Ellison, “The Men Can’t Help It,” Manchester Guardian, Jan. 25, 2000, 4.
Globe and Mail: “Are Men Natural-Born Rapists? Readers Weigh In,” Toronto Globe and Mail, Feb. 12, 2000, D19.
Susan Brownmiller: See, for example, the interviews with Brownmiller in Janice D’Arcy, “Book Offers Radical Take on Rape,” Hartford Courant, Feb. 6, 2000, A1, A8; and Martin Miller, “Rape,” Los Angeles Times, Feb. 20, 2000, http://articles.latimes.com/2000/feb/20/news/cl-642.
Brownmiller’s highly influential opinion: See Susan Brownmiller, Against Our Will: Men, Women, and Rape (New York: Martin Secker & Warburg, 1975).
a pamphlet distributed: Rape Prevention Education Program, “Resources Against Sexual Assault,” University of California–Davis, Police Department, n.d.
messages left on Randy’s answering machine: Interview with Randy Thornhill, Oct. 21, 2008, notes corrected and approved, Oct. 22, 2008.
Elizabeth Eckstein: Elizabeth Eckstein, “Rape: A Survivor’s View,” Dallas Morning News, Lifestyles, Feb. 2, 2000.
interview with the Boston Herald: Scripps Howard, “Study Says Rape Has Its Roots in Evolution,” Boston Herald, Jan. 11, 2000, 3.
from a guy serving time: letter provided by Craig Palmer from his personal files.
Joelle Ruby Ryan: The exchange occurred on the WMST-L Listserv. Ryan’s panel proposal was posted on Sept. 17, 2007; I responded on Sept. 19. The exchange continued and is available in the WMST-L archives at listserv.umd.edu.
Conway functioned as Ryan’s “mentor”: See Lynn Conway, “Report on Joelle Ruby Ryan’s NWSA Panel Discussion published in the Point Foundation’s Mentoring Messenger, Jan. 10, 2009, http://ai.eecs.umich.edu/people/conway/TS/News/US/NWSA/PF/Point_Foundation_Article_12-08.htm.
New York Times coverage: Benedict Carey, “Criticism of a Gender Theory, and a Scientist Under Siege,” New York Times, Aug. 21, 2007, www.nytimes.com/2007/08/21/health/psychology/21gender.html.
in my allotted fifteen minutes: The paper I delivered was entitled “Activism in the Bailey Transsexualism Controversy Compared to Intersex Patients Rights Activism” and was presented on June 21, 2007.
who was at her side but Juanita: The page Lynn Conway mounted about the session included a photograph of Conway behind the video camera with Juanita sitting behind her: Conway, “Report.”
Panelists repeatedly defended: Lynn Conway provides the papers and links to videos of the individual presentations; Lynn Conway, “Joelle Ruby Ryan Chairs NWSA Panel on Resisting Transphobia in Academia: The Event Alice Dreger Failed to Stop,” June 27, 2008, http://ai.eecs.umich.edu/people/conway/TS/News/US/NWSA/NWSA_panel_on_resisting_transphobia_in_academia.html.
interesting critiques of my work: This was Katrina Rose; links to her paper and presentation, ibid.
“Rosa Lee Klaneski”: The transcript of this text, taken from the video made, was provided to me by Rosa Lee Klaneski for this invited article: Alice Dreger, “In the Service of Galileo’s Ghost: A Short Guide to History, Assault, and Ideology,” in History of Science Society Newsletter 38, no. 4 (Oct. 2009). Rosa approved the content of that article on Aug. 19, 2009 (personal e-mail communication).
“Alice, honey”: April Herndon and Rosa Lee Klaneski corroborated this account in personal e-mail communications of November 21, 2012.
woman who had been Craig Palmer’s dean: I later learned from Craig Palmer that the dean who defended him was Elizabeth Grobsmith.
CHAPTER 5: THE ROT FROM WITHIN
Darkness in El Dorado: Patrick Tierney, Darkness in El Dorado: How Scientists and Journalists Devastated the Amazon (New York: Norton, 2000).
Terence Turner and Leslie Sponsel: See Terence Turner and Leslie Sponsel, letter to Louise Lamphere and Don Brenneis, “Re: Scandal About to Be Caused by Publication of Book by Patrick Tierney (Darkness in El Dorado. New York. Norton. Publication date: October 1, 2000),” http://anthroniche.com/darkness_documents/0055.htm. Many of the documents pertaining to the Tierney-Chagnon controversy are archived at the Anthropological Niche of Douglas W. Hume, http://anthroniche.com/darkness-in-el-dorado.html.
hardly Turner and Sponsel’s first attempt: I discuss this in the article I published on this controversy; see Alice Dreger, “Darkness’s Descent on the American Anthropological Association: A Cautionary Tale,” Human Nature 22, no. 3 (2011): 225–46.
The Guardian: See Paul Brown, “Scientist ‘Killed Amazon Indians to Test Race Theory,’” The Guardian, Sept. 23, 2000, www.theguardian.com/world/2000/sep/23/paulbrown.
New Yorker article: Patrick Tierney, “The Fierce Anthropologist,” New Yorker, Oct. 9, 2000, 50–61.
formal invitation to defend himself: See Dreger, “Darkness’s Descent,” 238–39.
various other scholarly bodies: Bruce Alberts, “Setting the Record Straight Regarding Darkness in El Dorado,” Washington, DC, National Academy of Sci
ences, Nov. 9, 2000, http://anthroniche.com/darkness_documents/0538.htm; American Society of Human Genetics, “Response to Allegations Against James V. Neel in Darkness in El Dorado, by Patrick Tierney,” American Journal of Human Genetics 70, no. 1 (Jan. 2002): 1–10; Max P. Baur, the IGES-ELSI Committee, et al., “Commentary on Darkness in El Dorado by Patrick Tierney,” Genetic Epidemiology 21, no. 2 (Sept. 2001), 81–104; Society for Visual Anthropology, “Statement Approved by the Board of Directors and Unanimously Passed by the Membership of the Society for Visual Anthropology,” Nov. 17, 2000, http://anthroniche.com/darkness_documents/0376.htm.
University of Michigan: Nancy Cantor, “Statement from University of Michigan Provost Nancy Cantor on the Book, Darkness in El Dorado, by Patrick Tierney,” (Nov. 13, 2000), http://ns.umich.edu/Releases/2000/Nov00/r111300a.html.
Susan Lindee: Telephone interview with Susan Lindee, Dec. 12, 2008; approved revision received Dec. 15, 2008.
issued an open letter: See Lindee’s letter to colleagues, Sept. 21, 2000, in Edward H. Hagen, Michael E. Price, and John Tooby, “Preliminary Report on Darkness in El Dorado,” Department of Anthropology, University of California–Santa Barbara (unpublished, 2001), http://www.angelfire.com/sk2/title/ucsbpreliminaryreport.pdf, 61–62. In her letter, Lindee had also indicated she had found a telegram showing that Neel had obtained permission from the Venezuelan government to conduct vaccinations, but she later withdrew that claim after further review of the available evidence.
Thomas Headland: See remarks by Thomas Headland, open-microphone session, American Anthropological Association meeting, Nov. 16, 2000. See also Thomas N. Headland, “When Did the Measles Epidemic Begin Among the Yanomami?” Anthropology News 42, no. 1 (2001), 15–19, www.sil.org/~headlandt/measles1.htm.
Diane Paul and John Beatty: Diane Paul and John Beatty, “James Neel, Darkness in El Dorado, and Eugenics: The Missing Context,” Society for Latin American Anthropology (electronic newsletter), no. 17 (Nov. 1, 2000), http://anthroniche.com/darkness_documents/0380.htm.
portrayal of Neel as a Nazi-like eugenicist: Ibid.; Susan Lindee, letter to American Anthropological Association, Nov. 16, 2000, read into the record, open-microphone session, American Anthropological Association meeting, Nov 16, 2000, retrieved from audio recordings and transcripts; Robert S. Cox, “Salting Slugs in the Intellectual Garden: James V. Neel and Scientific Controversy in the Information Age,” Mendel Newsletter, Feb. 2001, www.amphilsoc.org/mendel/2001.htm#slugs.