Conquering Gotham
Page 37
“It tires me”: Edmund Morris, Theodore Rex (New York: Random House, 2001), p. 360.
“consolidated into 257”: Jean Strouse, Morgan: American Financier (New York: Random House, 1999), p. 396.
16. “THE SHIELD IS READY TO BE SHOVED”
“nearly akin to the life”: William Couper, ed., History of the Engineering, Construction, and Equipment of the Pennsylvania Railroad Company’s New York Terminal and Approaches (New York: Isacc H. Blanchard, 1914), p. 77.
“We may have to give up”: A. J. Cassatt to Samuel Rea, September 1, 1904, carton 17, folder 32/61, PRR Archives, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania.
“leave off the elevated”: A. J. Cassatt to McKim, Mead & White, December 2, 1904, carton 15, folder 32/13–19, PRR Archives, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania.
“I am quite sure”: A. J. Cassatt to McKim, Mead & White, May 1, 1905, carton 15, folder 32/13–19, PRR Archives, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania.
“broke down and sobbed”: Suzannah Lessard, The Architect of Desire: Beauty and Danger in the Stanford White Family (New York: Dial Press, 1996), p. 217.
“I have had to carry more”: Paul R. Baker, Stanny: The Gilded Life of Stanford White (New York: Free Press, 1989), p. 353.
“I found that he was”: A. J. Cassatt to J. T. Richards, July 18, 1906, carton 15, folders 32/24, PRR Archives, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania.
“Your only view of the outside”: Arthur B. Reeve, “The Romance of Tunnel Building,” World’s Work 13 (December 1906): 8338.
“A man in a state of coma”: Reeve, “Romance of Tunnel Building,”
“rather less progress”: Charles Jacobs to A. J. Cassatt, April 7, 1905, p. 2, carton 18, folder 32/156 v. 1., PRR Archives, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania.
“had to be cut”: B.H.M. Hewett and W. L. Brown, “The New York Tunnel Extension of the PRR—The North River Tunnels,” Transactions of the American Society of Civil Engineers, 68 (September 1910): 248.
“100th or last pile”: Charles Jacobs to A. J. Cassatt, April 12, 1906, p. 1, carton 18, folder 32/156, v. 1., PRR Archives, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania.
“washed away”: Ibid.
“blanket consisting”: Ibid.
“A blanket formed by canvas”: Charles Jacobs to A. J. Cassatt, May 11, 1906, carton 18, folder 32/156 v. 1, PRR Archives, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania.
“You can feel that it is cooler”: Reeve, “Romance of Tunnel Building,” p. 8338.
“men pushing little cars”: Ibid., p. 8339.
“At first glance”: Ibid., p. 8349.
“the first time”: Ibid., p. 8341.
“By and by one of the men”: Ibid., p. 8342.
“Like the jumping toothache”: Ibid., p. 8349.
“simple problem of trigonometry”: Ibid., p. 8348.
“With the tunnels in a constant”: James Forgie, “Construction of the Pennsylvania Railroad Tunnels Under the Hudson River at New York City,” Engineering News 57, no. 9 (February 28, 1907): 228.
“A flat car”: William Couper, ed., History of the Engineering, Construction, and Equipment of the Pennsylvania Railroad’s New York Terminal and Approaches (New York: Isaac H. Blanchard, 1912), p. 48.
“As a result”: Ibid., p. 49.
“an immense circular hole”: “Erie Yard Falls Into Pennsylvania Tunnel,” New York Times, February 15, 1905, p. 1.
“not a serious,” Ibid.
“Fortunately, the mud”: Charles Jacobs to A. J. Cassatt, March 11, 1905, carton 18, folder 32/156 v. 1, PRR Archives, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania.
17. “SLOW PROGRESS HAS BEEN MADE”
“Mr. Jacobs is not”: Zach McGhee, “Charles M. Jacobs,” World’s Work 9 Janaury 1905): 5966–67.
“As I entered the tunnel”: William G. McAdoo, Crowded Years: The Reminiscences of William G. McAdoo (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1931), p. 73.
“As soon as we began”: Ibid., p. 79.
“My instinctive feeling”: Ibid., p. 86.
“I told Cassatt”: Ibid., p. 87.
“The brevity of the discussion”: Ibid.
“I and a few others”: Ibid. p. 87.
“Henry Hudson”: Zach McGhee, “Charles M. Jacobs,” World’s Work 9 (January 1905): 5966.
“It’s an interesting job”: “Biggest Hole Ever Dug in the Island of Manhattan,” Washington Post, August. 20, 1905, p. G3.
“Fire Department flushes”: Rupert Hughes, The Real New York (New York: Smart Set Publishing Co, 1904), p. 297.
“pushed more rapidly”: A. J. Cassatt to Samuel Rea, August 14, 1905, carton 37, folder 48/6, PRR Archives, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania.
“capitalists and engineers”: Charles Jacobs, “The New York Tunnel Extension of the Pennsylvania Railroad, The North River Division,” Transactions of the American Society of Civil Engineers 68 (September 1910): 42.
“The leakage of air”: Charles Jacobs to A. J. Cassatt, Oct. 5, 1905, carton 18, folder 32/131–39, PRR Archives, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania.
“Owing to the inability”: Charles Jacobs to A. J. Cassatt, Dec. 7, 1905, carton 18, folder 32/131–39, PRR Archives, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania.
“the average progress”: Ibid.
“passed under”: Ibid.
“distorted…the horizontal”: Charles Jacobs to A. J. Cassatt, February 7, 1906, carton 18, folder 32/131–39, PRR Archives, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania.
“The material in the face”: Ibid.
“A good many different”: Charles W. Raymond, The Pennsylvania Company New York Tunnel Extension–North River Tunnels. Report and Conclusions on Proposed Supports and Foundations, December 1, 1911, p. 37, PRR Archives. Railroad Museum of Pennsylvania, Strasburg, Pennsylvania.
“It was impossible”: Ibid.
“The shield began to come down”: Ibid.
“166 rings”: Charles Jacobs to A. J. Cassatt, March 8, 1906, carton 18, folder 32/131–39, PRR Archives, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania.
18. “DISTURBED ABOUT NORTH RIVER TERMINAL”
“Dear Mr. Cassatt”: Samuel Rea to Alexander Cassatt, April 2, 1906, carton 2, folder 32/170, PRR Archives, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania.
“General was insistent”: Ibid.
“there had been a rise”: Ibid.
“like the movement”: Theodore Heizmann to Alexander Cassatt, February 17, 1902, carton 15, folder 32/12, PRR Archives, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania.
“In Line A”: Alfred Noble to A. J. Cassatt, April 11, 1906, carton 18, folder 32/132–139, PRR Archives, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania.
“The cry arises”: Ray Stannard Baker, “Railroad Rebates,” McClure’s Magazine, December 1905, p. 180.
“frequently elected”: Edmund Morris, Theodore Rex (New York: Random House, 2001), p. 443.
“Railroad rate regulation”: Ibid.
“An Alphabet of Joyous Trusts”: Roger Butterfield, The American Past: A History of the United States from Concord to the Great Society (New York: Simon & Schuster, 1966), p. 329.
“is not like any other industry”: “The Railroads on Trial,” McClure’s Magazine, November 1905, p. 672.
“Great corporations”: “The Case Against the Railroads,” World’s Work 9 (1905): 5890.
“We bought the bastard”: Samuel A. Schreiner, Henry Clay Frick (New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1995), p. 237.
“I very much fear”: Patricia T. Davis, End of the Line, Alexander Cassatt and the Pennsylvania Railroad (New York: Neale Watson Academic Publications, 1978), p. 177.
“the increasing power”: James Creelman, “All Is Not Damned,” Pearson’s Magazine 15, No. 6 (June 1906): 550.
“Will you give me”: Theodore Roosevelt to A. J. Cassatt, October 19, 1901, Papers of President Theodore Roosevelt, Manuscript Division, Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
“Let the government regulate”: Creelman, “All Is Not Damned,” p. 552.
“The ability of a member”: Mark Sullivan, Our Times: The United States, 1900–1925, vol. 3, Pre-War America (New York: Scribner’s, 1971 [1930]), p. 205.
“probably the most
courageous”: “Cassatt and the Pennsylvania,” Wall Street Journal, May 22, 1906, p. 6.
“You will deny the railroads”: A. J. Cassatt to Theodore Roosevelt, Feb. 26, 1906, Papers of President Theodore Roosevelt, Manuscript Division, Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
“If the Commission desires”: Davis, End of the Line, p. 184.
“until some agreement”: Samuel Rea to Alexander Cassatt, April 4, 1906, carton 21, folder 32/170, PRR Archives, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania.
“the stability”: Charles W. Raymond, The Pennsylvania Company New York Tunnel Extension–North River Tunnels, Report and Conclusions on Proposed Supports and Foundations, December 1, 1911, p. 37, PRR Archives, Railroad Museum of Pennsylvania, Strasburg, Pennsylvania.
“Approximately 50%”: Charles Jacobs to A. J. Cassatt, May 11, 1905, carton 18, folder 32/156, v. 1, PRR Archives, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania.
“bending and distorting”: Raymond, “Report and Conclusions,” p. 45.
“changes in the elevation”: Ibid., p. 46.
19. “WOULD MR. CASSATT BE RESIGNING?”
“We all live”: Samuel Rea to A. J. Cassatt, June 11, 1905, carton 37, folder 48/6, PRR Archives, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania.
“I was so rejoiced”: Patricia T. Davis, End of the Line: Alexander Cassatt and the Pennsylvania Railroad (New York: Neale Watson Academic Publications, 1978), p. 184.
“I do not give”: “A. J. Cassatt in London,” New York Times, May 18, 1906, p. 2.
“acceptance of gratuities”: “Gifts to High and Low on Pennsylvania Road,” New York Times, May 19, 2005, p. 1.
“the public will be strongly”: Captain Green to A. J. Cassatt, May 18, 1906, carton 46, folder 57/22, PRR Archives, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania.
“The sand oozed”: “Air Leaks Stop Work on East River Tunnels,” New York Times, May 20, 1906, p. 1.
“It takes an enormous heap”: Ibid.
“In appearance”: “The Pennsylvania Railroad’s Extension to New York and Long Island,” press release, McKim, Mead & White Papers, Department of Prints, Photographs, and Architectural Collections, New-York Historical Society, New York.
“a steel skeleton”: Hilary Ballon, New York’s Pennsylvania Station (New York: W. W. Norton, 2002), p. 50.
“stronger and better able”: Samuel Rea to A. J. Cassatt, Feb. 27, 1906, carton 15, folder 32/20, PRR Archives, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania.
“Notwithstanding Mr. Frick’s”: Ibid.
“We are coming up”:The Reminiscences of Augustus Saint-Gaudens, Homer Saint-Gaudens, ed., 2 (New York: Century, 1913), p. 251.
“a stag event”: Suzannah Lessard, The Architect of Desire: Beauty and Danger in the Stanford White Family (New York: Dial Press, 1996), p. 13.
“All well”: William Patton to A. J. Cassatt, telegram, May 22, 1906, President’s Telegram Book, PRR Archives, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania.
“tremendous courage”: “Cassatt and the Pennsylvania Investigation,” Wall Street Journal, May 22, 1906, p. 6.
“It has been an open secret”: Ibid.
“It was brought out”: “Pennsylvania Inquiry,” Wall Street Journal, May 24, 1906.
“owing to the lack of cars”: “Pennsylvania Board Orders Full Inquiry,” New York Times, May 24, 1906, p. 1.
“As soon as I saw”: Davis, End of the Line, p. 186.
“the outrageous action”: Ibid.
“I suppose because”: “Cassatt Hurries Home From European Trip,” New York Times, May 26, 1906, p. 1.
20. “DEATH STALKS ALONGSIDE THEM”
“Stalwart, deep-chested”: “Cassatt Home to Answer,” Journal American, June 4, 1906, p. 1.
“seemed like a man on the verge”: “Cassatt Home; Defends Pennsy Graft,” Philadelphia North American, June 4, 1906, p. 1.
“would not sacrifice”: “Cassatt Back, Promises A Searching Inquiry,” New York Times, June 4, 1906, p. 1.
“taken the company out”: Ibid.
“the unusual number of men”: “Coroner Shrady Demands Safety for Tunnel Men,” New York Herald, June 4, 1906, p. 1.
“that same day”: “Tunnel Men Disagree,” New-York Tribune, June 6, 1906, p. 9:3.
“I do not see”: Ibid.
“What did you do”: “Two RR Clerks Got $97,000 in Gifts,” New York Times, June 7, 1906, p. 3.
“Mr. Cassatt is not”: “Frick Breaks Long Silence to Uphold Cassatt,” Philadelphia Press, June 13, 1906.
“I cannot adequately express”: A. J. Cassatt to H. C. Frick, June 13, 1906, Archives, Frick Collection, New York.
“Enough has been”: Patricia T. Davis, End of the Line: Alexander Cassatt and the Pennsylvania Railroad (New York: Neale Watson Academic Publications, 1978), p. 192.
“spirit of exaltation”: “Pennsylvania’s House Cleaning,” Wall Street Journal, May 26, 1906, p. 1.
“over the lavish expenditure”: “Foreign Markets,” London Times, May 29, 1906, p. 11.
“the contractors”: “East River Tunnels Meet the Hardest Luck,” New York Times, June 28, 1906, p. 1.
“the difficult feature”: “Says Tunnel Delays Are Not Alarming,” New York Times, June 30, 1906, p. 1.
“Occasionally a man”: Ibid.
“Most of the alarm”: Ibid.
“the Interstate Commerce Commission”: W. A. Patton to A. J. Cassatt, telephone message, June 22, 1906, carton 46, folder 54/40, PRR Archives, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania.
“if proved”: “May Pick Cassatt for Prosecution,” New York Times, June 25, 1906, p. 1.
“My God!”: Suzannah Lessard, The Architect of Desire: Beauty and Danger in the Stanford White Family (New York: Dial Press, 1996), p. 241.
“He deserved it”: Paul R. Baker, Stanny: The Gilded Life of Stanford White (New York: Free Press, 1989), p. 374.
“I cannot conceive” Lessard, Architect of Desire, p. 241.
“There is hardly a city”: “Stanford White’s Splendid Career,” New York Herald, June 26, 1906, p. 2.
“exquisitely lovely”: Lessard, Architect of Desire, p. 251.
“But I thought”: Baker, Stanny, p. 377.
“for years made life”: Lessard, Architect of Desire, p. 255.
“past month has been one”: Baker, Stanny, p. 378.
“This ship”: Charles McKim to Margaret McKim, Aug. 4, 1906, Charles McKim Papers, Manuscript Division, Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
21. “THE SHIELDS HAVE MET EXACTLY”
“I so thoroly”: David Nasaw, The Chief: The Life of William Randolph Hearst (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 2000), p. 210.
“No great discomfort”: “Engineers Walk Through Tunnel,” New York Herald, September 13, 1906.
“cleaned out”: “Through P.R.R. Tunnel,” Evening Sun, September 12, 1906, p. 1.
“Mr. Jacobs probably”: Samuel Rea to A. J. Cassatt, Sept. 7, 1906, carton 21, folder 32/170, PRR Archives, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania.
“Can a proper tunnel”: Samuel Rea, Pennsylvania Railroad New York Tunnel Extension, Historical Outline, December 15, 1909 (Philadelphia, 1909), p. 13, Hagley Museum and Library, Wilmington, Delaware.
“Would not the structure”: Ibid.
“The distance between”: Samuel Rea to A. J. Cassatt, telegram, Sept. 6, 1906, carton 21, folder 32/183, PRR Archives, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania.
“I am not satisfied”: Samuel Rea to A. J. Cassatt, Sept. 7, 1906, carton 21, folder 32/170, PRR Archives, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania.
“was suddenly submerged”: “Through P.R.R. Tunnel,” Evening Post, September 12, 1906, p. 2.
“I sincerely believe”: Charles Jacobs to Samuel Rea, May 17, 1906, Box 90 Penn Central Transportation Co. Records, Manuscript & Archives Division, New York Public Library.
“Men of all nationalities”: “Through P.R.R. Tunnel,” Evening Post, September 12, 1906, p. 2.
“Here we have two enormous”: “Pennsylvania To Meet on Sept. Tubes 18,” New York Times, September 3, 1906.
“After these connections”: “‘Pennsy’s�
� North Tunnels a Marvel of Skill,” New York Times, September 9, 1906, p. 2:2.
“hardly short of wonderful”: Ibid.
“I am proud”: “Through P.R.R. Tunnel,” Evening Post, September 12, 1906, p. 1.
“one of the greatest feats”: “The North River Tube Will Be Crossed Today,” New York Times, September 12, 1906, p. 1.
“I am pleased to report”: Charles Jacobs to A. J. Cassatt, telegram, Sept. 12, 1906, carton 21, folder 32/183 PRR Archives, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania.
“You and your staff”: “Through the Hudson Tube,” New-York Tribune, September 13, 1906, p. 1.
“The credit is yours”: Ibid.
“For the excellence”: Ibid.
“Today is the happiest”: “Tube Engineers Cheer As River Is Crossed,” New York Times, September 13, 1906, p. 3.
“North tunnel hudson”: Samuel Rea to A. J. Cassatt, telegram, September 12, 1906, carton 21, folder 32/183, PRR Archives, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania.
“For the first time in history”: “The Pennsylvania Opens Its Second River Tube,” New York Times, October 10, 1906, p. 1.
“This whole subject”: A. J. Cassatt to Samuel Rea, September 12, 1906, carton 21, folder 32/170, PRR Archives, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania.
“The somewhat antiquated”: “Rapid Progress on Work Above and Below the Rivers,” New York Times, April 14, 1907, p. R9.
“our side”: A. J. Cassatt to William Shepard, February 11, 1906, Papers of William Shepard, Special Collections, Rare Book & Manuscript Library, Columbia University, New York.
“The Pennsylvania job”: Ivy Lee to his father, November 21, 1906, box 11, folder 2, Ivy Lee Papers, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey.
“The most deplorable”: Editorial, The Stockholder, May 22, 1906.
“A dozen of the best”: “Study in Values: Pennsylvania,” Wall Street Journal, June 29, 1906, p. 1.
“Do no more financing”: Jacob Schiff to A. J. Cassatt, June 10, 1906, carton 46, folder 57/22, PRR Archives, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania.
“form for myself”: “Acworth on Pennsylvania Railroad Finances,” Railroad Gazette, October 26, 1906, p. 359.
“the highest type”: James. T. Woodward, A Statistical Analysis of the Operations of the Pennsylvania Railroad (New York: Orlando C. Lewis & Co.), pp. 10–12.