Larios, Margarita
Larrañga, Jesús
Las Heulgas monastery
Las Palmas
Law, Oliver
Law of the Press
Law of Political Responsibilities
Laycock, Colonel Robert
Le Boulu
Le Havre
Le Perthus
League of Nations
Lebrun, Albert
Leclerc, General
Ledesma Ramos, Ramiro
Ledochovsky, Vladimir
Legionary Air Force, and battle for Madrid, strength, and battle of Jarama, in Basque campaign, in Guadalajara offensive,
bombing of Alcañiz, and battle of Ebro
Leipzig (German cruiser)
Leizaola, Jesús María (minister of justice)
Lenin, Vladimir Ilyich, xxix
Leningrad
Leon Maestre, Colonel
Léon, agriculture, guerrilla operations
León, María Teresa
Lepanto (republican destroyer)
Lequerica, José Félix de
Lérida
Lerroux, Alejandro, in government
Levante
ley de fugas
Lézardrieux (ship)
Libertad (republican cruiser)
Libertarian Youth
Lisbon
Líster, Enrique, and defence of Madrid, and Corunna road battles, personal qualities, and battle of Jarama, and battle of Guadalajara, and Brunete offensive, and Aragón offensive, recriminations, and battle of Ebro, and battle of Catalonia, leaves Spain
Litvinov, Maksim
Llano de la Encomienda, General Francisco
Lliga Catalana
Logronño
Lojendio, Luis M. de
London, Bolín’s activities in, meetings of Non-Intervention Committee, approval of Negrín, peace overtures, recognition of Franco regime, Negrín in exile
Longo, Luigo (‘Gallo’)
Lorca, (poet), see García Lorca, Federico
Lopera
López, Anita
López, Juan
López Ochoa y Portuondo, General Eduardo
López Tovar, Colonel Vicente
los Andes, Count de
Los Dolores
Los Llanos, (airfield)
los Ríos, Fernando de
los Ríos, Giner de
Louis XIII of France, King
Louis XIV of France, King
Louis XVIII of France, King
Low Countries
Luca de Tena, Marquess Juan Ignacio
Lufthansa
Luftwaffe, personnel, develops aircraft and tactics in Spain, and battle for Madrid, fears losing Stukas, Second World War aces, aircraft trials, attack refugees, see also Condor Legion
Lukács, General, (Mata Zalka Kemeny)
MacDiarmid, Hugh
Machado, Antonio
Macià Lluís Companys, Francesc
Madariaga, Salvador de
Madrid, ‘Second of May’ rising, general strike, arson attacks, mass meetings, comedy Theatre, province of, assassinations, May Day parade, military rising, political killings, nationalist advance and republican defence, hotels, military base, formation of Largo Caballero government, Soviet representation in, fifth column, effect of government’s flight, fighting around, hospitals, front, shelled, conditions in, journalists in, International Writers’ Congress for the Defence of Culture, police school established, Verardini arrested, republican, struggle in POUM leaders imprisoned in, and Brunete offensive, spy network, communist conference, coup against Negrín, secret nationalist organization, National Council established, fighting among republicans, surrender, nationalist troops enter, victory parade, black market, guerrilla operations
Madrid University
Maeztu, Ramiro de
Maginot Line
Maisky, Ivan, (Russian ambassador)
Majadahonda
Majorca, nationalists invade, provides nationalist base, nationalist terror
Makaseev, Boris
Málaga, military rising, political killings, campaign and fall, executions
Maldonado, Professor Francisco
Malinovsky, Colonel R. (‘Malino’)
Mallorca, see Majorca
Malraux, André, L’Espoir
Mamsourov, Ku. U. (Colonel Xanthé)
Manchester Guardian
Mangada, Colonel
Manuilski, Dmitri
Manzanares, River
Manzanero, José
Mar Cantábrico (ship)
Marañón, Gregorio
Marbella
March, Juan
Marchenko (Soviet chargéaffaires)
Marías, Julián, xxvi
Maritain, Jacques
Maritime (ship)
Maroto (guerrilla leader)
Maroto, Mount
Marquina
Marseilles
Marshall Plan
Martín, Antonio
Martínez Anido, General Severiano
Martínez Barrio, Diego
failure in Valencia
fear of Franco
and fall of Catalonia
crosses into France
succeeds Azaña
in exile
Martínez Campos, General
Martínez Monje, General Fernando
Martínez Cabrera, General Toribio
Marty, André
and International Brigades
opinion of Malraux
character
and Negrín’s administration
involved in recriminations
last editorial
determination to eliminate opponents
Marx, Karl
Das Kapital
Marxism
Masquelet, General Carlos
Massana, Marcelino
Massis, Henri
Matallana, Colonel (later General)
Manuel
opposition to Negrín government
promoted
negotiates with nationalists
Matthews, Herbert
Maura, Antonio
Maura, Miguel
Mauriac, François
Maurín, Joaquim
Maurras, Charles
Mauthausen (concentrartion camp)
Mayalde, Count de
Medina, Diego
Medinaceli
Mediterranean Sea
coastline
increased nationalist control
French presence
republican ports
and Second
World War
Medvedev (partisan leader)
Melilla
Méndez Aspe, Francisco
Méndez Nuñez (republican cruiser)
Mendiola, Leocadia
Menéndez, General Leopoldo, opposition to Negrín government
Mequinenza
Mera, Cipriano, and battles of Jarama and Guadalajara, frees chief of staff, and Brunete offensive, and Aragón offensive, commands IV Corps, opposition to Negrín government, returned to nationalist Spain
Mercader, Caridad
Meretskov, Colonel Kirill, (Soviet adviser)
Mérida
Merry del Val, Pablo
Metaxas, Yanni
Mexico, support for republicans, accepts Spanish refugees
Miaja, General José, and defence of Madrid, communism, and battle of Corunna road, and battle of Jarama, squabble with Pozas, and battle of Gudalajara, obtains Verardini’s release, and Estremadura offensive, and Brunete offensive, and Gudalajara offensive, and battle of Ebro, requests negotiations, determines to fight on, opposition to Negrín government, promoted, heads National Council, flees to Orán, in exile
Miguel de Cervantes (cruiser)
Mije García, Antonio, (communist leader)
Milicias Antifascistas Obreras y Campesinas (MAOC)
militias, nationalist
militias, republican, in defence of Madrid, experience and conditions, incorporated into republican army
, in Málaga campaign, Catalan, wages, Basque, belief in victory, see also
militias, republican, columns, Erich, Muhsam centuria [these 5 lines moved from republican army]
Sacco and Vanzetti centuria
Durruti Column
Giustizia e Libertà Column
International Column
Militias’ Cultural Service
Millán Astray, General José
Minéevich, Stoyán (‘Stepánov’)
mining
Minorca
Mirabello (Italian warship)
Miranda de Ebro
Miravet
Miravitlles, Jaume
Miró, Joan
Modesto, Juan, personal qualities, and battle of Jarama, and Brunete offensive, and Aragón offensive, and battle of Teruel, and battle of Ebro, promoted, leaves Spain
Moix, José
Mola (nationalist submarine)
Mola, General Emilio, role in coupétat, politics, Basque operation, and Franco’s rise to power, commands army against Madrid, and ‘fifth column’, commands Jarama offensive, and Basque campaign, death, Church and
Mölders, Oberleutnant Werner
Molero, General Nicolás
Molotov, Vyacheslav Mikhailovich
Monasterio, Colonel Félix (later General)
Mondragón
Mont de Marsan
Montana project
Montauban
Montaud, Colonel
Montecillo (ship)
Montjuich
Montseny, Federica
Monzón, Jesus
Monzón Telesforo
Moors, Moroccan troops, see regulares
MóraEbre
Mora del Ebro
Mora la Nueva
Morata
Morel, Colonel
Moreno, Admiral Francisco de
Morgan’s Bank
Moriones, Colonel Domingo
Moroccan troops, see regulares
Morocco, French presence in, rebellion in, military rising, recruitment in, colonialism and independence, mustard gas used in, and Second World War
Moscardó, Colonel (later General), defence of the Alcázar, represses anti-fascist rising
Moscardó, Luis
Moscow, influence of, reports to, organized demonstrations, Republic establishes embassy, Spanish gold reserves shipped to, purges and show trials, and suppression of POUM, radioed for instructions, passports sent to, German invasion halted, defence of Kremlin
Mosley, Oswald
Mosquerela
Motorizada
Motril
Múgica, Bishop Mateo
Mujeres Libres
Muley Hassan, Caliph
Mundo Obrero
Munich agreement
Muñoz Grandes, Colonel (later General)
Murcia
Museo del Prado
Mussolini, Benito, funds Falange, symbolism, trains Carlists, invades Abyssinia, assistance to nationalists, frustration with Italian king, international responses to, uses phrase ‘Rome–Berlin axis’, compared with Franco, appetite for military glory, and Guadalajara defeat, and Basque victory, response to international protests, reinforces nationalist navy, and bombing raids, relations with Franco, ambitions in Albania, predicts Franco’s defeat, and France, fears European war, orders captured Italians executed, and Second World War, fall of
Mussolini, Bruno
MVR (Militias of Rearguard Vigilance)
Nabarra (trawler)
Nanetti, Nino
Naples
Narváez, General, Duke of Valencia 1800–1868)
Nathan, Major George
National Block
National Council of Defence
National Republican Guard
nationalist air force, see Brigada Aérea Hispana
nationalist army, leadership, training, strength
NATIONALIST ARMY FORMATIONS
Army of Manoeuvr
Army of the South
Army Corps of Aragón
Army Corps of Castille
Army Corps of Galicia
Army Corps of Maestrazgo
Army Corps of Morocco
Army Corps of Navarre
Army Corps of Turía
Army Corps of Urgel
1st Cavalry Division
5th Navarrese Division
10th Division
13th Division
50th Division
51st Division
52nd Division
81st Division
105th Division
108th Division
150th Division
Navarre Division
Soria Division
1st Navarre Brigade
4th Navarre Brigade
5th Navarre Brigade
San Quentin Infantry Regiment
see also Army of Africa
nationalist navy seeAlmirante Cervera; Baleares; Canarias; España; Mola; Navarra; Sanjurjo; Taranto; Velasco
nationalist spy networks
nationalists: military strength politics, zone of control, strengthened morale terror tactics, receive international support, leadership, and international opinion, power struggle and formation of JONS, air superiority, increased military superiority, tensions in alliance
Navalcarnero
Navalmoral de la Mata
Navarra (nationalist cruiser)
Navarre support for Carlists, nationalists hold, political killings
Navarro, Captain Enrique
Nazis, Spanish admiration for, expansionism, ‘Four Year Plan’ and Catalonia, motives for campaign in Spain
Nazism, compared with Falangism
Negrín López, Juan, finance minister, and shipment of gold reserves, commands carabineros, government of, and republican power struggle, policy of ‘controlled democracy’, and assassination of Nin, war policy, addresses League of Nations, visits Paris, refuses Prieto’s resignation, character, resists joining Communist Party, and SIM, sells silver reserves, rebuffed by Stalin, end of friendship with Prieto, supports Prieto, government reformed, Thirteen Points, failed peace overtures, and battle of Ebro, asserts authority, centralism, new government, surrender negotiations, bids farewell to International Brigades, plans for National Front, and fall of Catalonia, crosses into France, return to Spain and continuation of war, coup against, leaves Spain, in exile
Nelken, Margarita
Nenni, Pietro
Neruda, Pablo
Nervión, River
Neurath, Konstantin von
New Castile
New York Daily Worker
New York Herald Tribune
New York Times
News Chronicle
Nicolson, Harold
Nieto, Major Andrés
Nikonov, Anatoly, (deputy chief GRU)
Nin, Andrés, and ‘events of May’, arrested and murdered
NKVD, supervises shipment of gold reserves, fake passports, personnel in Spain, ‘active work’, and republican power struggle, control secret police, defectors, in International, Brigades and SIM, euphemism for, reaction against, republicans serving with
Normandy invasion
North Africa
North, Joseph
Northcliffe, Lord
Noticiero
Núñez, Carlos
Nuñez de Prado, General Miguel
Nuño, Amor
nuns, disinterred, rumours about, killed, alleged rapes, as prison warders,
Nuvolini, General
Nyon, conference
O’Brien, Aileen
Observer
Ocañ
Ochandiano
October revolution (1934)
Odessa
O’Duffy, General Eoin
oil synthetic
Old Castile
OMSBON, (NKVD Moscow detachment)
Operation Romerales
Orán
Organización Sindical
Orgaz, General, in command in Morocco, commands central front
O
rlov, Aleksander
Ortega, Lieutenant-Colonel Antonio
Ortega, Daniel
Ortega, Major Leopoldo
Ortega y Gasset, José
Orwell, George
Homage to Catalonia, coins term ‘double-speak’, describes ‘events of May’, wounded, speaks out
Oviedo military rising, siege of, carpet bombing around, salient
OVRA, (Opera Volontaria di Repressione Antifascista) Italian secret police
Pacelli, Cardinal Eugenio (later Pope Pius
Pajares
Palacios, Major
Palancar, Pablo
Palencia
Palma de Mallorca
Pàmies, Teresa
Pamplona, provides Mola’s base, military rising, political killings, monarchist flag lowered, under Franco
Pamplona, Bishop of
Pando, Major
Paracuellos del Jarama
Paris, Italian Embassy, Spanish gold reserves shipped to, and formation of International Brigades, International Exhibition of Arts, International Writers’ Congress for the Defence of Culture, Negrín visits, Spanish embassy, republican leaders in, recognition of Franco regime
Partido Nacional Republicano
Partit Catala` Proletari
Pascua, Marcelino
Pat O’Leary resistance group
Paulus, Field Marshal Friedrich
Pavlov, General (‘Pablito’), care for his men, and battle of Jarama, and battle of Guadalajara, and Estremadura offensive, and Guadarrama offensive
Paxtot Madoz, General Francisco
Peiró, Joan
Peñrroya
People’s Army, see republican army
Peraleda del Saucejo
Perea, Colonel
Pérez Carballo, Francisco
Pérez de Ayala, Ramón
Perpignan
Perth, Eric Earl of
Pestañ, Ángel
Pétain, Marshal Philippe
Petrograd Soviet
Philby, Kim
Philip II, King
Philip IV, King
Philip V, King
Philip of Anjou
Philippines
Pi y Margall, President Francisco
Pi y Sunyer, Carlos
Picasso, Pablo
Picos de Europa
Pina
Pindoque bridge
The Battle for Spain Page 71