by Nathan Hodge
7 Ibid.
8 David Price, Anthropological Intelligence: The Deployment and Neglect of American Anthropology in the Second World War (Durham, N.C.: Duke University Press, 2008), pp. 9–10.
9 Ibid., pp. 11–13.
10 Ibid., p. 14.
11 See “National Character,” a subsection of “Margaret Mead: Human Nature and the Power of Culture,” Library of Congress exhibition, www.loc.gov/exhibits/mead/oneworld-char.html.
12 Price, Anthropological Intelligence, p. 239.
13 Irving Louis Horowitz, ed., The Rise and Fall of Project Camelot: Studies in the Relationship between Social Science and Practical Politics (Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press, 1967), p. 47.
14 Ibid., p. 51.
15 Seymour Deitchman, The Best-Laid Schemes: A Tale of Social Research and Bureaucracy (Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press, 1976), p. 16.
16 Ibid., pp. 169–70.
17 McFate, “Anthropology and Counterinsurgency.”
18 George Packer, “Knowing the Enemy: Can Social Scientists Redefine the ‘War on Terror’?” New Yorker, December 18, 2006.
19 Sharon Weinberger, “The Pentagon’s Culture Wars,” Nature, October 2, 2008.
20 Zenia Helbig, “Memorandum: Human Terrain System Program; U.S. Army Training and Doctrine Command,” letter to Representative Ike Skelton, chairman of the House Armed Services Committee, and Representative Henry Waxman, chairman of the House Committee on Oversight and Government Reform, September 13, 2007, www.brama.com/news/press/2007/12/070913HelbigCongressMemo.pdf.
21 David Glenn, “Former Human Terrain System Participant Describes Program in Disarray,” Chronicle of Higher Education, December 5, 2007.
22 “Pledge of Non-participation in Counter-insurgency,” http://sites.google.com/site/concernedanthropologists.
23 Montgomery McFate, quoted in Weinberger, “The Pentagon’s Culture Wars.”
24 Lee Hill Kavanaugh, “Army Takes Human Terrain to Heart,” Kansas City Star, October 14, 2008.
25 David Rohde, “Army Enlists Anthropology in War Zones,” New York Times, October 5, 2007.
26 Weinberger, “The Pentagon’s Culture Wars,” pp. 583–85.
27 Adam Geller, “One Man’s Odyssey from Campus to Combat,” Army Times, March 16, 2009.
28 USAID, Office of Inspector General, “Audit of USAID/Iraq’s Community Stabilization Program,” audit report number E-267-08-001-P, March 18, 2008, www.usaid.gov/oig/public/fy08rpts/e-267-08-001-p.pdf.
29 Roberto Gonzalez, American Counterinsurgency: Human Science and the Human Terrain (Chicago: Prickly Paradigm Press, 2009), p. 68.
30 Noah Shachtman, “Third ‘Human Terrain’ Researcher Dead,” Wired.com, Danger Room, January 8, 2009, www.wired.com/dangerroom/2009/01/third-human-ter.
31 Noah Shachtman, “No Jail Time for Army Contractor in Revenge Killing,” Wired.com, Danger Room, May 8, 2009, www.wired.com/dangerroom/2009/05/no-jail-time-in-human-terrain-slaying.
32 Major Ben Connable, “All Our Eggs in a Broken Basket: How the Human Terrain System is Undermining Sustainable Military Cultural Competence,” Military Review, March–April 2009.
33 Private First Class J. P. Lawrence, “Army Deploys Social Scientists to Study Iraqi Culture,” 34th Infantry Division news article, June 4, 2009, www.theredbulls.org/article116.
12. Obama’s War
1 Captain Stacie Shafran, “Girls’ School Opens in Panjshir,” American Forces Press Service, July 21, 2009.
2 Thomas Friedman, “Teacher, Can We Leave Now? No,” New York Times, July 17, 2009.
3 Madelyn Hsiao-Rei Hicks, Hamit Dardagan, et al., “The Weapons That Kill Civilians—Deaths of Children and Noncombatants in Iraq, 2003–2008,” New England Journal of Medicine, April 16, 2009.
4 Secretary of Defense Robert M. Gates, “National Defense University (Washington, D.C.),” speech, September 29, 2008, www.defense.gov/speeches/speech.aspx?speechid=1279.
5 “David Kilcullen Joins CNAS as a Senior Fellow,” CNAS press release, November 19, 2008.
6 Kenneth Katzman, “Afghanistan: Politics, Government Formation and Performance,” Congressional Research Service Report for Congress, June 26, 2009, http://fpc.state.gov/documents/organization/127030.pdf.
7 Laura Rozen, “Winning Hearts and Minds: All of McChrystal’s Advisors,” Foreignpolicy.com, July 31, 2009.
8 Anthony Cordesman, “How to Lose in Afghanistan,” Washington Post, August 31, 2009.
9 “U.S. Military Moves to Defuse Tension after Afghan Riot,” Associated Press, July 27, 2005.
10 Tim Golden, “In U.S. Report, Brutal Details of 2 Afghan Inmates’ Deaths,” New York Times, May 20, 2005.
11 David Kilcullen, “Political Maneuver in Counterinsurgency: Roadbuilding in Afghanistan,” Small Wars Journal, April 24, 2008, http://smallwarsjournal.com/blog/2008/04/political-maneuver-in-counteri.
12 Ibid.
13 Jean MacKenzie, “Are U.S Taxpayers Funding the Taliban?” GlobalPost, September 2, 2009, www.globalpost.com/dispatch/afghanistan/090902/usaid-taliban-funding.
14 Matt Waldman, “Aid Effectiveness in Afghanistan,” paper, ACBAR (Agency Coordinating Body for Afghan Relief), Advocacy Series, March 2008, www.acbar.org/ACBAR%20Publications/ACBAR%20Aid%20Effectiveness%20%2825%20Mar%2008%29.pdf.
15 Anthony Cordesman, “The New Metrics of Afghanistan: The Data Needed to Support, Shape, Clear, Hold, and Build,” Center for Strategic and International Studies commentary, August 10, 2009, www.operationspaix.net/IMG/pdf/CSIS-New-Metrics-Afghanistan_2009-08-07_.pdf.
16 Patrick Cockburn, “A Land Darkened by the Shadow of the Taliban,” Independent, May 3, 2009.
17 Revolutionary Association of Afghan Women, “Crime and Barbarism in Shirpur by Afghan Ministers and High Authorities,” report, www.rawa.org/land2.htm.
18 Elizabeth Bumiller and Mark Landler, “Civilian Goals Largely Unmet in Afghanistan,” New York Times, October 11, 2009.
Conclusion
1 Christopher Drew, “High Costs Weigh on Troop Debate for Afghanistan War,” New York Times, November 14, 2009.
2 “New COMISAF/ USFOR-A Commander Issues Counterinsurgency Guidance,” July 27, 2010, http://www.defpro.com/daily/details/625/.
3 Spencer Ackerman, “Proposal Circulates on New Civilian-Military Agency,” Washington Independent, November 3, 2009, http://washingtonindependent.com/66183/proposal-circulates-on-new-civilian-military-agency.
4 John Dickerson, “Defining Afghanistan Down: The President’s New Strategy Will Include a New View of What’s Possible,” Slate, October 28, 2009, www.slate.com/id/2233835.
5 Ashraf Ghani, “Ashraf Ghani on Rebuilding Broken States,” July 2005, TED video, www.ted.com/talks/ashraf_ghani_on_rebuilding_broken_states.html.
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Note on the Author
Nathan Hodge is a Washington, D.C.–based writer who specializes in defense and national security. He has reported from Iran, Iraq, Afghanistan, Russia, and a number of other countries in the Middle East and former Soviet Union. He is the author, with Sharon Weinberger, of A Nuclear Family Vacation, and his work has appeared in Slate, the Financial Times, Foreign Policy, and many other newspapers and magazines.
BY THE SAME AUTHOR
A Nuclear Family Vacation: Travels in the World of Atomic Weaponry
(with Sharon Weinberger)
Copyright © 2011 by Nathan Hodge
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may be used or reproduced in any manner whatsoever without written permission from the publisher except in the case of brief quotations embodied in critical articles or reviews. For information address Bloomsbury USA, 175 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10010.
Published by Bloomsbury USA, New York
LIBRARY OF CONGRESS CATALOGING-IN-PUBLICATION DATA
Hodge, Nathan.
Armed humanitarians : the rise of the nation builders / Nathan Hodge. —1st u.s. ed.
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references.
ISBN: 978-1-60819-017-1 (hc)
1. Humanitarian intervention—Political aspects—United States. 2. Nation-building—United States. 3. United States—Military policy.
I. Title.
JZ6369.H63 2010
355.02'80973—dc22
2010025752
First published by Bloomsbury USA in 2011
This e-book edition published in 2011
E-book ISBN: 978-1-60819-445-2
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