“Though our business”: Quoted in Keay, The Honourable Company, loc. 2627–2629.
“pestilential vapours”: Wright, p. 103.
“behave themselves”: Keay, The Honourable Company, loc. 2713.
“Even by the lax standards”: Robins, p. 54.
13. WEST WIND DRIFT
“forty pounds of gold”: Baer, Pirates of the British Isles, pp. 86–97.
15. THE AMITY RETURNS
During the golden age: Leeson, p. 9.
16. SHE FEARS NOT WHO FOLLOWS HER
“Your Honor’s ships”: Quoted in Earle, p. 129.
“shrewd tactic to avoid”: Baer, Pirates of the British Isles, p. 98.
17. THE PRINCESS
“Little did the unhappy”: Bernier, pp. 13–14.
“nine youths”: Mukherjee, p. 19.
“These ladies lived”: Ibid., p. 1.
18. THE FATH MAHMAMADI
“drove a trade equal”: Charles River Editors, loc. 280–284.
And they had exceeding: Van Broeck has a more romantic interpretation of Every’s daring: “He exerted such a Courage, as if he had prophetically known that the Reward of his Victory should be the most charming of the fair Sex, and the most previous of all inestimable Things, that the East can present us.” Van Broeck, p. 29.
19. EXCEEDING TREASURE
“It is known that the Eastern People”: Johnson, A General History of the Pyrates, p. 12.
Married in front of a Muslim: Van Broeck’s account went on to stress that the remainder of the crew behaved with comparable chivalry: “The rest of the crew then drew lots for her servants and, to follow the example of their commander, even stay’d their stomachs ‘till the same priest had said Grace for them.” Van Broeck, p. 29.
“Such a Sight of Glory”: Defoe, The King of Pirates, loc. 723–726.
“There was one of her Ladies”: Ibid., loc. 733–737.
“carried off as captive”: Wright, p. 160.
“If any of the Princess’s Women”: Defoe, The King of Pirates, loc. 912–914.
20. THE COUNTER NARRATIVE
“She they abused very much”: Charles River Editors, loc. 311–316.
“the inhuman treatment”: Quoted in Grey, p. 45.
21. VENGEANCE
“The town is so defiled”: Stern, The Company-State, p. 134.
“the libertye of a Penn”: Ibid., p. 135.
“It is needless to write”: Keay, The Honourable Company, loc. 3485.
“For nine years past”: Quoted in Wright, p. 168.
“The total revenue”: Elliot, p. 354.
“To such a fanatical”: Wright, p. 174.
22. A COMPANY AT WAR
“When the East India ships”: Quoted in Robbins, p. 55.
the most important line: Proclamation for apprehending pirates, July 17, 1696, H/36 ff. 201–3.
23. THE GETAWAY
Reverting to his Benjamin Bridgeman alias: Baer, p. 103.
“They were afraid”: Narrative of Philip Middleton, TNA/CO 323/3.
“But Captain [Every] withstood”: Examination of John Dann, TNA/CO 323/2/24.
25. SUPPOSITION IS NOT PROOF
“How could I know?”: Fortescue, p. 507.
26. THE SALTWATER FAUJDAR
“find out the pyrates”: Govil, p. 410.
“As his land faujdars”: Wright, p. 178.
“renewal of warfare”: Ibid., p. 176.
27. HOMECOMINGS
a letter from a scandalized colonist: Burgess, p. 911.
“I heard he went over”: The original deposition of Dann is recorded in the third person; for clarity, I have translated his account into a first-person voice. Examination of John Dann, TNA/CO 323/2/24.
“Captain Henry Every now goes by the name”: Blackbourne to Chester, IOR H/36 f. 195–96.
The special committee spent: Stern, The Company-State, pp. 138–39.
They even covered the cost: Court Minutes, 19 IOR B/41 ff. 86, 97, 252.
28. A NATION OF PIRATES
“It placed the Every pirates”: Burgess, p. 894.
Subsequent court committee minutes: Court Minutes, IOR B/41 f. 105, 143.
29. THE GHOST TRIAL
He then relayed: Newton’s opening statement is worth reading in depth: “And the end was suitable to their beginning, they first practiced their crimes upon their own Country-men, the English, then continued them onto strangers and foreigners: for the ship in which this piracy was committed was an English vessel, called the Charles the Second, belonged to several merchants of this city, designed for other ends and a far different voyage, which these criminals, with the assistance of one Every, their Captain, in all these villanies, was seized near the Groyn in Spain, in May 1694, from which place, having first by force set Captain Gibson the Commander on shore, they carried off the ship, and with it committed many and great piracies, for several years (as will appear in the course of evidence) in most parts of the known world, without distinction upon all nations, and persons of all religions.”
“Piracy . . . by so much exceeds”: All quotations from both trials are from the Everingham transcript, published shortly after the execution of the Every gang in late 1696. In some cases, I have changed the spelling or grammar to modern usage for clarity.
30. WHAT IS CONSENT?
“brilliant act of legal legerdemain”: Burgess, p. 901.
EPILOGUE
“The next day the whole colony”: Johnson, A General History of the Pyrates, p. 432.
“They were not pirates”: Ibid., p. 389.
In that version: “Whether he was frightened by these Menaces, or had seen some Body else he thought knew him, is not known; but he went immediately over to Ireland, and from thence sollicited his Merchants very hard for a Supply, but to no Purpose, for he was even reduced to beggary: In this Extremity he was resolved to return and cast himself upon them, let the Consequence be what it would. He put himself on Board a trading Vessel, and work’d his Passage over to Plymouth, from whence he travelled on Foot to Biddiford, where he had been but a few Days before he fell sick and died; not being worth as much as would buy him a Coffin.” Johnson, A General History of the Pyrates, p. 15.
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Index
The page numbers in this index refer to the printed version of this book. The link provided will take you to the beginning of that print page. You may need to scroll forward
from that location to find the corresponding reference on your e-reader.
Abraham, 123, 151
Abu Ghraib, 42
A Coruña (The Groyne), 68, 75–76, 79–81, 85, 93, 103, 111, 113, 126, 133, 227
Adams, Henry, 59, 195, 197, 205, 243–44
wife of, 204, 205, 243–44, 250–51
Adams, John Quincy, 24
Adventure Galley, 253
Afghanistan, 67
Africa, 111, 118, 125, 187, 188
Agra, 47–48, 53, 54, 64, 65, 67, 124
Ajanta Caves, 32
Akbar the Great, 37, 136, 137
Al-Biruni, 35–36
Alexander the Great, xi, 33–34
Algiers, 39–42
al-Qaeda, 248
American colonies, 204–5
American Revolution, 91
American Weekly Mercury, 27, 160
Amity, 113–14, 128, 144, 147–48, 161
Ammurapi, King, 23
Anatomy of Exchange-Alley (Defoe), 105–6
Anglo-Spanish War, 46
Annesley, Samuel, 107–8, 110, 150, 164–68, 172, 176, 198, 236, 254
death of, 254
firing of, 254
plan to make East India Company the protector of Indian ships, 198–201, 206, 247, 253, 255
Antarctic Circumpolar Current, 118–19
Apple, 105
Arabian Sea, 124, 145
articles of agreement, 88–91, 129, 160, 184, 195
Ascension, 188
Asir Mountains, 121
Augustine, St., xi
Aurangzeb, 37–38, 64–67, 107, 109, 110, 113, 129, 151, 162, 184, 211, 253–54
Annesley and, 165–66, 168
and arrests of Every’s crew, 208
and criminal trials of Every’s crew, 223, 225, 227, 236
East India Company and, 107, 109, 110, 131, 169, 189, 192
East India Company as protector of ships of, 198–201, 206, 211–12, 247, 253, 255
Every and, 166
Fath Mahmamadi and, 165–66
granddaughter of, 136, 152–54, 157–58, 162–63, 245–46, 250–52
Gunsway attack and, 168, 169, 170, 172–74, 176, 198
Khan and, 155–56, 157, 158, 161–62, 165, 170, 189–90, 198
Enemy of All Mankind Page 24