The Heir Apparent

by Jane Ridley

61. RA GV/AA19/11, B to George, 17 June 1891.

  62. RA VIC/Add C07/1, Bundle labeled “June 1891, Cumming Case, letters and resolutions, none of which have been answered.” St. Aubyn, Edward VII, pp. 171–72. The Times, 15 June 1891. Williams, Contentious Crown, pp. 66–67.

  63. RA VIC/Add C07/1, Jennings to Knollys, 16 June 1891.

  64. Reynolds’s Newspaper, 14 June 1891.

  65. RA VIC/Z50/45, Vicky to QV, 14 June 1891.

  66. Pall Mall Gazette, 15 June 1891. RA VIC/Y182/28, Hon. Arthur Somerset, “Tranby Croft Scandal,” transcript, April 1940.

  67. Ross McKibbon, “Working-Class Gambling in Britain 1880–1939,” Past and Present, no. 82 (1979).

  68. The Times, 10 June 1891.

  69. RA VIC/Add A4/32, B to Vicky, 14 June 1891.

  70. Magnus, Edward VII, p. 229.

  71. RA GV/AA19/10, B to George, 10 June 1891.

  72. Ibid.

  73. RA VIC/Add A4/33, B to Vicky, 23 June 1891.

  74. RA GV/AA18/55, B to George, 29 March 1891.

  75. Battiscombe, Queen Alexandra, p. 182.

  76. Quoted in Pope-Hennessy, Queen Mary, p. 193.

  77. Bodleian Library, Lincolnshire Papers, MS Film 1120, Carrington Diary, 19 May 1891.

  78. Cook, Prince Eddy, p. 250.

  79. RA VIC/Z475/16, QV to Salisbury, 4 August 1891 (draft).

  80. Hatfield House, 3M/E, Francis Knollys to Lord Salisbury, 8 August 1891.

  81. Pope-Hennessy, Queen Mary, p. 103. For Mary of Teck, see p. 280, note.

  82. Pope-Hennessy, Queen Mary, pp. 114–18. The Daily News, 27 July 1883. Dundee Courier, 3 August 1883.

  83. Pope-Hennessy, Queen Mary, p. 105.

  84. Ibid., p. 186.

  85. Ibid., p. 137.

  86. Arthur Balfour to Lord Salisbury, 30 August 1890, in Harcourt-Williams, Salisbury–Balfour Correspondence, p. 321. Pope-Hennessy, Queen Mary, p. 52.

  87. Mapperton Papers, 287, Oliver Montagu to Aunt E [August 1891].

  88. The Times, 10, 20 October 1891.

  89. Francis Knollys to Henry Ponsonby, 19 August 1891, in Magnus, Edward VII, p. 299.

  90. Cook, Prince Eddy, pp. 253–54.

  91. The Times, 2 November 1891.

  92. RA VIC/Z457/32, Alix to QV, 4 November 1891.

  93. RA VIC/Z457/31, Dighton Probyn to QV, 2 November 1891. The Times, 10 November 1891.

  94. The Times, 18, 21 November 1891.

  95. RA VIC/Add 4/38, B to Vicky, 16 November 1891.

  96. RA VIC/Z457/42, Alix to QV, 17 November 1891.

  97. Pope-Hennessy, Queen Mary, p. 210.

  98. RA VIC/Add A4/42, B to Vicky, 9 December 1891.

  99. Pope-Hennessy, Queen Mary, p. 213.

  100. RA VIC/Z475/49, Alix to QV, 6 December 1891 (copy).

  101. Francis Knollys to Schomberg McDonnell, 6 January 1892, in Cook, Prince Eddy, p. 263.

  102. RA VIC/Z475/137, Alix to QV, telegram, 8:28 p. m., 8 January 1892.

  103. RA VIC/Z475/140, B to QV, telegram, 11:10 a.m., 10 January 1892. See Buckle, Letters (3rd series), vol. 2, p. 91.

  104. The Times, 14 January 1892.

  105. RA VIC/Z475/154, B to QV, telegram, 11 a.m., 13 January 1892. See Buckle, Letters (3rd series), vol. 2, p. 92.

  106. Cook, Prince Eddy, p. 268. The Times, 14 January 1892.

  107. Pope-Hennessy, Queen Mary, pp. 222–23. Cook, Prince Eddy, pp. 269–70. Battiscombe, Queen Alexandra, pp. 189–90.

  108. RA VIC/Z475/169, B to QV, telegram, 9:35 a.m., 14 January 1892.

  109. RA VIC/Z95/5, B to QV, 14 January 1892.

  110. RA VIC/Z95/11, George to QV, 18 January 1892.

  111. RA VIC/Z475/188, B to QV, telegram, 11:13 a.m., 16 January 1892.

  112. RA VIC/Z475/198, QV to B, telegram (draft), 18 January 1892.

  113. RA VIC/Z475/199, B to QV, telegram (draft), 18 January 1892.

  114. RA VIC/Z475/207, QV to B, telegram draft, 19 January 1892.

  115. RA VIC/Z475/200, Alix to QV, telegram draft, 18 January 1892.

  116. Bodleian Library, Lincolnshire Papers, MS Film 1120, Carrington Diary, 20 January 1892.

  CHAPTER 19: DAISY WARWICK 1892–96

  1. Quennell, Lonely Business, p. 231.

  2. Alix to George, September 1902, in Pope-Hennessy, Queen Mary, p. 373.

  3. Mapperton Papers, Alix to Lady Sydney, 13 January 1893.

  4. RA GV/CC27/30, Duchess of Mecklenburg-Strelitz to Princess Mary of Teck, 16 May 1892.

  5. QVJ, 2 February 1892, in Buckle, Letters (3rd series), vol. 2, p. 96.

  6. RA VIC/Z457/62, Alix to QV, 12 February 1892. Pope-Hennessy, Queen Mary, pp. 231–32.

  7. Williams, Contentious Crown, p. 67. Reynolds’s Newspaper, 17 January 1892. The Times, 15 January 1892.

  8. RA VIC/Add A12/1910, Francis Knollys to Henry Ponsonby, 15 August 1892.

  9. William Gladstone to QV, 7 November 1892, and QV to Henry Ponsonby, 9 November 1892, in Buckle, Letters (3rd series), vol. 2, pp. 178–79.

  10. Lord Salisbury to Henry Ponsonby, 14 November 1892, in Buckle, Letters (3rd series), vol. 2, p. 180.

  11. RA VIC/L16/80, Henry Ponsonby to QV, 15 November 1892: QV’s note.

  12. Algernon West to Henry Ponsonby, 14 November 1892, in Buckle, Letters (3rd series), vol. 2, pp. 180–81. Francis Knollys to Henry Ponsonby, 13 November 1892, in Buckle, Letters (3rd series), vol. 2, p. 179.

  13. Warwick, Afterthoughts, p. 31.

  14. Lee, Edward VII, vol. 1, pp. 216–17, but the date is wrong. See Magnus, Edward VII, p. 237.

  15. RA GV/GG9/924, Frederick Ponsonby to Sidney Lee, 19 December 1922.

  16. RA VIC/Add C07/1, B to Francis Knollys, 20 September 1895.

  17. RA GV/AA19/54, B to George, 16 March 1893.

  18. Daisy Warwick to W. T. Stead, “May 19th,” in Warwick, Life’s Ebb and Flow, p. 116.

  19. Warwick, Life’s Ebb and Flow, p. 113. Frank Harris, “Love Stories of Edward VII,” Pearson’s Magazine, September 1916.

  20. Warwick, Life’s Ebb and Flow, pp. 192–93. The London Library copy is annotated: “Christopher Sykes’s House in Mayfair, Francis Knollys arranged.”

  21. Fitzwilliam Museum, Wilfrid Blunt Papers, MS 398, Diaries, 4 April 1909.

  22. Caroline Spurrier Archive, B to Daisy [May 1899] (transcript).

  23. Leslie, Edwardians in Love, pp. 162–63.

  24. Elinor Glyn, Romantic Adventure (Ivor Nicholson and Watson, 1936), pp. 66–76.

  25. Warwick, Life’s Ebb and Flow, p. 193.

  26. Harris, “Love Stories of Edward VII.”

  27. Blunden, Countess of Warwick, p. 125.

  28. Harris, “Love Stories.”

  29. Daisy Warwick to W. T. Stead, 10 September 1893, in Blunden, Countess of Warwick, p. 85.

  30. Warwick, Life’s Ebb and Flow, p. 145.

  31. Ibid., pp. 155–57.

  32. Daisy Warwick to W. T. Stead, October 1893, in Blunden, Countess of Warwick, p. 85.

  33. Prochaska, Royal Bounty, p. 123.

  34. Rosebery’s diary, January 1898, in McKinstry, Rosebery, p. 479.

  35. Copenhagen Letters, Box 104, Alix to Minnie, 30 December 1884. QV to Vicky, 24 November 1875, in Fulford, Darling Child, pp. 198–99.

  36. Mapperton Papers, Box 319, F. Sandwith to Lord Sandwich, 26 January 1893. B to Lord Sandwich, 24 December 1892. Alix to Lord Sandwich, 4 January 1893. Alix to Lady Sydney, 13 January 1893.

  37. Fitzwilliam Museum, Wilfrid Blunt Papers, MS 398–1975, Diaries, 4 April 1909.

  38. Mapperton Papers, Box 319, Alix to Lady Sydney, 13 January 1893.

  39. Mapperton Papers, Box 319, Alix to Lord Sandwich, 24 February 1893.

  40. Pope-Hennessy, Queen Mary, p. 293.

  41. Ibid., p. 247.

  42. RA VIC/Z457/87, Alix to QV, 11 June 1892.

  43. Pope-Hennessy, Queen Mary, p. 230.

  44. RA GV/AA19/35, B to George, 24 August 1892.

  45. Pope-Hennessy, Queen Mary, pp. 244, 248.

  46. RA G
V/AA20/7, B to George, 4 May 1893. RA VIC/Add C07/1, George to Francis Knollys, 3 May 1893.

  47. RA GV/AA20/7, B to George, 4 May 1893.

  48. RA VIC/Z457/135, Alix to QV, 5 May 1893.

  49. Pope-Hennessy, Queen Mary, p. 261.

  50. RA VIC/EVIID/1893: 6 July.

  51. Letters of Tsar Nicholas and Empress Marie, ed. Edward Bing (Ivor Nicholson and Watson, 1937), pp. 71–72.

  52. Pope-Hennessy, Queen Mary, pp. 275–83.

  53. Kenneth Rose, King George V (Phoenix, 1983), p. 57.

  54. RA GV/AA20/10, B to George, 10 July 1893.

  55. Lord Carisbrooke, Princess Beatrice’s son, interview with Harold Nicolson, in James Lees-Milne, Harold Nicolson (Chatto and Windus, 1981), vol. 2, p. 234.

  56. Harold Nicolson, Diaries and Letters, 1945–62 (Collins, 1968), p. 174 (17 August 1949).

  57. Seymour Fortescue, “King Edward as a Yachtsman,” in Watson, Edward VII as a Sportsman, pp. 311, 319.

  58. RA VIC/EVIID/1894: 3 March.

  59. Bodleian Library, Lincolnshire Papers, MS Film 1120, Carrington Diary, 3 February 1895. The Gladstone Diaries, vol. 13, ed. H. C. G. Matthew (Clarendon Press, 1994), p. 386.

  60. RA VIC/Add C07/1, William Gladstone to B, 28 February 1894.

  61. Battiscombe, Queen Alexandra, pp. 192–93.

  62. RA GV/AA19/53, B to George, 8 March 1893.

  63. McKinstry, Rosebery, pp. 358–66.

  64. Bodleian Library, Lincolnshire Papers, MS Film 1120, Carrington Diary, 18 July 1896.

  65. Leslie, Edwardians in Love, pp. 290–91. McKinstry, Rosebery, pp. 484–87.

  66. Richard Davenport-Hines, “A Radical Lord Chamberlain at a Tory Court: Lord Carrington, 1892–95,” Court Historian, vol. 16 (2011), pp. 217–18.

  67. Pope-Hennessy, Queen Mary, p. 321.

  68. QV to Vicky, 6 June 1894, in Magnus, Edward VII, p. 245.

  69. Pope-Hennessy, Queen Mary, p. 322.

  70. RA VIC/Z457/252, Charlotte Knollys to QV, 29 October 1895.

  71. Princess Henriette de Lieven to the Marquis de Soveral, in Gordon Brook-Shepherd, Uncle of Europe (Collins, 1975), p. 147.

  72. RA VIC/EVIID/1894: 30 October.

  73. RA GV/AA20/42, B to George, 1 November 1894. Warwick, Afterthoughts, p. 13.

  74. RA VIC/Add C07/1, Arthur Ellis to Francis Knollys, 5 November 1894.

  75. Minnie to Nicky, 27 June 1894, in Bing, Letters of Tsar Nicholas, p. 86.

  76. RA GV/AA20/43, B to George, 5 November 1894.

  77. A Lifelong Passion: Nicholas and Alexandra, ed. Andrei Maylunas and Sergei Mironenko (Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 1996), p. 99.

  78. RA GV/AA/20/43, B to George, 5 November 1894.

  79. Greg King, The Court of the Last Czar (New Jersey: John Wiley, 2006), p. 331.

  80. RA VIC/Add C07/1, Charlotte Knollys to Francis Knollys, 5 November 1894.

  81. RA VIC/Add C07/1, Arthur Ellis to Francis Knollys, 5 November 1894.

  82. RA VIC/Add C07/1, Charlotte Knollys to Francis Knollys, 11 November 1894.

  83. RA VIC/Add C07/1, Arthur Ellis to Francis Knollys [7 November 1894].

  84. Bodleian Library, Lincolnshire Papers, MS Film 1120, Carrington Diary, 15 November 1894.

  85. Ibid. The Times, 27 November 1894.

  86. RA VIC/Z274/50, B to QV, 28 November 1894.

  87. King, Court of the Last Czar, pp. 384–88.

  88. QV to Victoria Battenberg, 21 October 1894, in Hibbert, Queen Victoria in Her Letters and Journals, p. 329.

  89. RA VIC/Z457/202, Alix to QV, 6 December 1894.

  90. RA VIC/Add C07/1, Arthur Ellis to Francis Knollys [7 November 1894].

  91. Warwick, Life’s Ebb and Flow, pp. 89–92.

  92. Bodleian Library, Margot Asquith Papers, MSS Eng d3202, Diary, 15 May 1897.

  93. RA VIC/EVIID/1895: 11 October. Blunden, Countess of Warwick, pp. 92–95.

  94. The Times, 16 March 1896.

  95. Roy Strong, The Roy Strong Diaries (Phoenix, 1998), p. 106.

  96. Whyte, Life of W. T. Stead, vol. 2, p. 104.

  97. Leslie, Edwardians in Love, p. 171. Anand, Daisy, pp. 79–81.

  98. RA PS/GV/O479B/23B/2, B to Lady Warwick, 4 January 1898. See this page.

  99. Fitzwilliam, Wilfrid Blunt Papers, MS 9–1975, Diary, 7 February 1909. Theo Aronson, The King in Love (John Murray, 1988), pp. 246–47. Weintraub, Edward, pp. 365, 411–12.

  100. Bodleian Library, Lincolnshire Papers, MS Film 1120, Carrington Diary, 8 May 1897.

  101. Weintraub, Edward, p. 310.

  102. Hibbert, Edward VII, p. 236.

  103. Romi, Maisons Closes (Editions Serg, n.d.), pp. 96–97. World of Interiors, September 1991, pp. 114–23.

  104. Weintraub, Edward, p. 311.

  105. Celia and John Lee, Winston and Jack (Celia Lee, 2007), pp. 148–49.

  106. Churchill Archives Centre, Jennie Churchill Papers, CHAR 28/48/30–1, B to Jennie Churchill, 27 December 1894.

  107. Churchill Archives Centre, Jennie Churchill Papers, CHAR 28/48/33–4, B to Jennie Churchill, 24 January 1895.

  108. Lee, Winston and Jack, pp. 157–61.

  109. Churchill Archives Centre, Jennie Churchill Papers, CHAR 28/50/55–6, 63–4, B to Jennie Churchill [1890s].

  110. Warwick, Afterthoughts, p. 81.

  111. Warwick, Life’s Ebb and Flow, p. 140.

  112. Leslie, Edwardians in Love, pp. 319–20.

  113. Churchill Archives Centre, Jennie Churchill Papers, CHAR 28/61/5, B to Jennie Churchill, 2 February 1897.

  114. Churchill Archives Centre, Jennie Churchill Papers, CHAR 28/50/46, B to Jennie Churchill, 2 o’c Tuesday [1897].

  115. Lee, Winston and Jack, pp. 161–64.

  116. B to Jennie Churchill, 25 February 1898, in ibid., p. 166.

  117. Churchill Archives Centre, Jennie Churchill Papers, CHAR 28/50/15, B to Jennie Churchill, n.d.

  118. Churchill Archives Centre, Jennie Churchill Papers, CHAR 28/49/28–9, B to Jennie Churchill, 28 July 1900.

  119. RA PP/EVII/A15800 (February 1903), J. T. Woods to Francis Knollys, 5 February 1903, asking about B’s height; note dated 10 February 1903 says HM’s height is about five feet nine inches.

  120. Whyte, Life of W. T. Stead, vol. 2, pp. 106–7, 110, 116–17, 121.

  121. RA VIC/Add C07/1, B to Francis Knollys, 22 September 1895.

  122. Francis Knollys to Arthur Bigge, 18 April 1895, in Rohl, Wilhelm II, p. 771.

  123. Ibid., p. 772.

  124. St. Aubyn, Edward VII, pp. 132–34.

  125. Watson, Edward VII as a Sportsman, p. 148.

  126. RA VIC/Z458/2, B to QV, 4 June 1896. The Times, 4 June 1896.

  127. RA VIC/Add A23/110, QV to Beatrice, 3 June 1896.

  128. Buckle, Letters (3rd series), vol. 3, p. 79.

  129. Lady Lytton’s Court Diary, ed. Mary Lutyens (Rupert Hart-Davis, 1961), p. 37.

  130. Turner, Court of St. James’s, p. 335.

  131. Frederick Ponsonby, Recollections of Three Reigns (Odhams Press [1951]), p. 22.

  132. Ibid., pp. 12–13.

  133. Arthur Ponsonby, Henry Ponsonby, p. 359.

  134. Matthew Dennison, The Last Princess (Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 2007), p. 205.

  135. Mallet, Life with Queen Victoria, p. 72.

  136. Lutyens, Lady Lytton’s Court Diary, pp. 73, 75.

  137. RA VIC/EVIID/1896: 25 September.

  138. Schomberg McDonnell to Arthur Bigge, 15 September 1896, in Buckle, Letters (3rd series), vol. 3, p. 75.

  139. Roberts, Salisbury, pp. 643–44.

  140. Nicky to Minnie, 2 October 1896, in Bing, Letters of Tsar Nicholas, pp. 119–20.

  141. Lutyens, Lady Lytton’s Court Diary, p. 82.

  142. Mallet, Life with Queen Victoria, p. 80.

  CHAPTER 20: “WE ARE ALL IN GOD’S HANDS” 1897–1901

  1. The Diary of Beatrice Webb, ed. Norman and Jeanne MacKenzie (Virago, 1986), vol. 2, p. 108 (5 February 1898).

  2. Prochaska, Royal Bounty, p. 154
.

  3. Rothschild Archive, RAL000/848, G. E. Buckle to Lord Rothschild, 3 February 1897.

  4. Prochaska, Royal Bounty, pp. 153–55.

  5. Henry Burdett, Prince, Princess and People (Longmans, Green, 1889), pp. 229, 336–47.

  6. Prochaska, Royal Bounty, pp. 127–31.

  7. “A Foreign Resident” [T. H. S. Escott], Society in the New Reign (Fisher, Unwin, 1904), pp. 118–19.

  8. Allfrey, Jewish Court, p. 16. RA VIC/EVIID/1899: 18 July.

  9. “A Foreign Resident,” Society in the New Reign, p. 114.

  10. The Times, 15 March, 1 April, 5 April, 8 April 1897.

  11. Michaela Reid, Ask Sir James (Eland, 1996), p. 144: Reid’s diary, 4 April 1897. Shrabani Basu, Victoria and Abdul (History Press, 2011), pp. 185–95.

  12. Reid, Ask Sir James, p. 154: Reid’s diary, 18 February 1898, conversation with Lord Salisbury.

  13. Blunden, Countess of Warwick, pp. 112–13.

  14. RA VIC/EVIID/1897: 11–14 April.

  15. “A Foreign Resident,” Society in the New Reign, p. 113.

  16. RA VIC/Add C07/1, B to Francis Knollys, 19 June 1896.

  17. Bodleian Library, Lincolnshire Papers, MS Film 1120, Carrington Diary, 26 January 1897.

  18. RA VIC/Add C07/1, Duke of Portland to Francis Knollys, 1 June 1897 (copy). RA VIC/Add C07/1, Lord Charles Beresford to the Duke of Portland, 1 June 1897 (copy). See this page.

  19. RA VIC/Add C07/1, Daisy Warwick to Francis Knollys, 6 June [1897] (copy). RA VIC/Add C07/1, Knollys to the Duke of Portland, 1 June 1896 (copy).

  20. The Times, 18 June 1897.

  21. Bodleian Library, Lincolnshire Papers, MS Film 1120, Carrington Diary, 17 June 1897.

  22. B to Daisy Warwick, 17 June [1897], in Theo Lang, My Darling Daisy (Michael Joseph, 1966), pp. 26–27.

  23. Leslie, Edwardians in Love, p. 103. See pp. 314–15.

  24. Warwick, Afterthoughts, p. 92.

  25. Jamie Wilson in The Guardian, 26 July 2001.

  26. Holmes, Edward VII, vol. 2, pp. 405–6. But see Kuhn, Democratic Royalism, pp. 62–66.

  27. Pope-Hennessy, Queen Mary, p. 335.

  28. QVJ, 22 June 1897, in Buckle, Letters (3rd series), vol. 3, p. 174.

  29. Longford, Victoria RI, p. 689. Greg King, Twilight of Splendour: The Court of Queen Victoria During Her Diamond Jubilee Year (John Wiley, 2007), p. 266.

  30. See Francis Knollys to Arthur Bigge, 25 February 1897, in Buckle, Letters (3rd series), vol. 3, p. 140.