by Howard Blum
intelligence about Japan and, 392
interned at Hotel Hershey, 441–443, 446
plans to travel to France with wife and “step-daughter,” 432–437, 439–440
Brousse, Charles Emmanuel, and Vichy embassy operations, 331
Betty meets, 342–344, 346
Betty recruits as agent, 346–351, 354–357
Betty’s recruiting of Grandville and, 376, 379, 380, 382–388
dangers of, 357–358
Henry-Haye’s questions about Betty and, 387–388
information about Vichy plans in US, 351–352
navy cipher operation planning, 362, 369–371, 394–399
navy cipher theft attempts, 400–412, 417–419, 422
US concerns about trustworthiness of, 390–392
work at Vichy embassy, 339, 340–341
Campbell, Sam, 460
Campbell-Orde, Eleanor, 83
Cape Matapan, Battle of, 316–317
Carr, Wilbur, 219
Cassell, Dr. and Mrs., 81–82, 97–98, 232, 453, 455
Castelnou, France, 3–8, 7, 25, 25–27, 26, 451–456, 456, 463–465
Castlerosse, Valentine, 106–108, 107, 110
Chastellaine, Marion de, 292–293, 299, 308
Chevalier, André
Betty and Brousse befriend, 396–399
during naval cipher theft attempts, 400–403, 409, 410–411, 418, 420–421
Chile
Arthur posted to, 84–85, 234–235, 242–243, 243
Betty and Arthur in, 91–96, 98–99
Betty leaves, 249–250, 255, 258–259
Betty returns to, wants to divorce Arthur, 271–274, 276–277
Betty’s intelligence work in, 247–248
Chilton, Harry, 96, 139
Spanish Civil War and, 123, 125, 134, 135, 138, 148–149, 166, 190
Churchill, Winston, 287, 292, 338
Italian navy and, 317, 326
Lend Lease and, 293–295
North Africa invasion plans and, 359–360, 399, 416, 425
Stephenson and, 212, 262
Ciezki, Maksymilian, 206
Connally, Thomas, 296–297
Coolidge, Calvin, 43, 48
Coordinator of Information (COI), 365–367
Cuba, 256, 286
Thorpe family in, 44, 46, 92
Cunningham, Andrew, 316–317
Cynamont Corporation, 282, 460
Cynthia (Hyde), 465
“Cynthia.” See Pack, Betty Thorpe, as spy
Dana Hall School, 61, 62
Darlan, Jean, 337, 351, 358
Donovan, William J.
Betty’s wish to be interned in Hershey and, 444
known as Big Bill, 367
plans to send Betty to France with Brousse, 430, 436–437
US State Department and, 429
Vichy embassy missions and, 366–367, 391, 396, 407, 416
Doublet, Leslie, 242–243, 243
Downes, Donald
Brousse’s internment and, 441–442, 444
plans to send Betty to France with Brousse, 432–433, 435, 440
Vichy embassy missions and, 367
Eisenhower, Dwight D., 217
Elliot, Maud Howe, 47
Ellis, Howard “Dick,” 361, 460–461
Enigma device
Betty and monitoring of Poland’s Black Chamber teams, 215–216, 217
Black Chamber’s attempts to decode, 206, 207, 209–211, 215–216
breaking of Italian naval codes and, 318
described, 206–207
information about, sold to French, 208–209
Stephenson and, 211, 212–214
value of decoding, 216–217
Eusabio (Spanish chauffeur), 125–127, 130–131, 133–134
Excaliber (US merchant ship), 268–269, 270, 271–272, 273
Fairly, Paul, 269, 270, 353
Betty aborts child of, 291
Betty’s early intelligence work and, 273–275, 277, 284–285
Lais and plans to scuttle Italian ships, 323, 325, 326
Vichy embassy missions and, 422–423
Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI)
British intelligence service and, 261, 263–264, 289
interest in Betty, 321–325, 358, 365, 369, 370, 380, 427–428
Fioretta: A Tale of Italy (Thorpe), 53–59, 54, 61
Forbes, Courteney, 251–255
France
Betty and Arthur in Biarritz at start of Spanish Civil War, 120–121, 124, 139
Betty and Brousse at Castelnou, 3–8, 7, 25–27, 26, 451–456, 456, 463–465
buys information about Enigma, 208–209
see also Vichy French embassy entries
Fuqua, Stephen, 177–180
“Georgia Cracker,” 395–396
first naval cipher theft attempt, 400, 404–406
teaches Betty to crack safe, 413–415
third naval cipher theft attempt, 416, 420
Gestapo
Brousse’s sister-in-law and, 451–452
fears about, 338, 431–432, 435, 442
Glasser, Joseph, 441
“Gordon, Catherine Waterbury,” as identity for Betty as Brousse’s step-daughter, 433–435
Grandville, Count Jean de la
Betty’s attempts to recruit, 375–379
reports spying to Vichy ambassador, 379–388
Gubbins, Colin, 213–214
Guilio (Italian cipher clerk), Betty gets naval codes from, 312–316, 318–320
Hawaii, 52–54, 58, 60
Henlein, Karl, 220–224, 225, 245
Henry-Haye, Gaston, 344
Betty tries to recruit for missions, 339, 340, 344–346
Brousse and, 350, 354–355, 356, 358, 387–388, 436
interned at Hotel Hershey, 441, 442, 446, 447–448
Hershey, Milton, 440
Hoover, J. Edgar, 263–264, 321, 417, 428–429
Hotel Hershey, Vichy diplomats interned in, 440–449
Hull, Cordell, 251–252, 327, 443
Henry-Haye and, 339, 345, 438–439
see also State Department
Huntington, Ellery C. (“Mr. Hunter”), 57, 366, 433
Vichy embassy missions and, 365–366, 368, 369, 375, 391–405, 407, 416–417, 421, 423, 426
Hyde, Harford Montgomery
Betty’s death and, 465–467, 466
Betty leaves Castelnou to meet, 3–11, 13–19, 55
Hyde, Harford Montgomery (continued)
biography of Stephenson, 12, 13, 22–23, 27, 281, 319, 460
Cynthia published, 465
meets Betty as “Cynthia,” 12–13, 17–18
on nature of spies, 240–241
plans to write about Betty’s life, 20–27, 25, 281–283
post-war professional and personal life, 22–23, 42
thoughts on Lais and Italian naval codes, 318–320
travels with and interviews Betty, 27–28, 31–32, 52, 89–90, 90, 195–197, 239–240, 331–332, 455, 461–463
writes Betty’s memoirs, 459–461, 464–465
Innes, Edgar, 445–446
Ireland, Betty and Hyde in, 27–28, 31–32, 52, 89–90, 90, 195–197, 239–240, 331–332
Italian naval codes
Allies’ need for, 301, 308–309
Betty contacts Lais and asks about, 301–311
Betty receives from Guilio, 312–316, 318–320
British navy’s use of, 316–318
Italian navy, Lais reveals plans to scuttle ships in US harbors, 321–328
Jacobsen, Fernanda, 162–163, 163, 165
Japan, Brousse provides intelligence about, 392
Joyce, James, 89–90
Kennard, Howard, 35, 229, 230
Kimbel, William, 444–445
Kreiser, Thomas, 246
Kulikowski, Edward, 37–41, 197, 198
Lais, Alberto, 302
Betty asks for help getting naval codes, 307–311
>
Betty contacts, 300–304
Betty convinces she dislikes England, 305–307
leaves US, 327–328
reveals plans to scuttle Italian ships in US harbors, 321–327
Lais, Leonora, 306
Laval, Pierre, 356, 358, 371, 378, 430, 438
Leche, John, 157
Betty’s appointment with Prieto and, 179–180
as Betty’s lover, 166–171, 181–182, 187–189, 191, 453
Betty’s operation to free Aruezza and, 171–175
Betty’s search for Sartorius and, 155–159, 160, 163, 165–166, 180–182
Lee, Hugh, 316–317
Lend Lease program, 293–295
Betty and, 295–298
Lubienski, Michal, 214, 462
Beck demands end of relationship with Betty, 227–229
Betty’s departure from Poland and, 233–234
Betty’s honey trap and information about Beck’s negotiation with Hitler, 199–205, 224–225, 226
Betty’s monitoring of Poland’s Black Chamber Enigma teams through, 215–216, 217
rumors he was getting information from Betty, 230–231
trip to Germany, 218–220
Lyons, Frederick B., 444
Martello Tower, Ireland, 89–90, 90
Menzies, Stewart (“C”), 261–262, 360–361
Mercurio, El, 244
MICE acronym, 283
MI6, 22, 39–40, 110, 118, 137, 191, 242, 256. See also Ellis, Howard “Dick”; Shelley, Jack
Morton, Desmond, 212, 213
Mountsey, George, 190–191
Nación, La, 244–245
Neutrality Act, of U.S., 262, 286–287
New York Herald Tribune, 358
North Africa, Allies’ planned invasion of (Operation Torch), 359–362, 366–368, 390, 398–399, 424–426, 433, 438–439
Norton, Peta, 35, 229–230
Nourmahal (Astor’s yacht), 265–266, 266
Office of Strategic Services (OSS). See Downes, Donald; Huntington, Ellery C.; Stephenson, William; Vichy French embassy entries
Ogilvie-Forbes, George Arthur, 112, 118–119, 119, 256
O’Malley, Owen St. Clair, 234, 239–240, 281
Orbita (ship), 251–257
Pack, Anthony George (son)
Betty’s pregnancy with, 67, 77–81
birth and adoption by Cassels, 10–11, 81–83, 95, 453, 455
death of, 10, 455
visited by Betty, 97–98, 232
visits Betty in Castlenou, 454–455
Pack, Arthur, 139
Anthony Pack and, 10–11, 67, 77–83
awarded Order of the British Empire, 96
Betty’s conversion to Catholicism and, 112
Betty’s divorce plans and, 276–277, 346
Betty’s engagement and marriage to, 33, 68–71, 71
Betty’s relationship with her father and, 57, 71–72
Betty’s work during Spanish Civil War and, 134–136, 143, 146, 149, 153–154, 190–192
daughter’s birth, 98, 99, 100
death of, 452–453
described, 33
disappears in Spain and Betty searches for, 125–134
flees Spain for Biarritz, 120–121, 124
health concerns and return to England, 35–36, 199, 203, 232
military and diplomatic service of, 33–35, 34, 72–74, 73
posted to Chile, 234–235, 242–243, 243
posted to Poland as cover for Betty’s spying, 190–192
social background of, 72
tracks down Betty after she leaves Chile, 249–250, 258–259
visits Betty in Washington, DC, 353–354
Pack, Betty Thorpe, as adolescent and child, 51
birth and siblings of, 46
as debutant, 64–66, 65
education of, 59, 61
in Europe, 59, 61
Fioretta: A Tale of Italy written by, 53–59, 54, 61
first lover of, 63–64
in Hawaii, 59, 61
name at birth, 46
rebellion and aloneness of, 49–51
in Washington DC, 43, 46–49, 59–60
Pack, Betty Thorpe, as adult, 26
aborts Fairly’s child, 291
affair with and rescue of priest in Spain, 113–119
Arthur’s OBE and, 96, 97
Arthur’s visit to, in Washington, 353–354
birth of daughter Denise, 98, 99, 100
cancer diagnosis and illness of, 28, 42–43, 106
converts to Roman Catholicism, 111–112
death of, 465, 466
divorce from Arthur, plans for, 276–277, 346
engagement and marriage to Brousse, 6–8, 449–450, 464
engagement and marriage Arthur Pack, 68–71, 71, 74–76, 76, 83–84
first love affair of married life, 94–95
flees Spain for Biarritz, 120–121, 124
in France with Brousse after war, 451–455, 456
Hyde and plans to escape from life at Castelnou, 3–11, 4, 11–27, 55
meets Sartorius again and begins affair with, 101–106
miscarries Brousse’s child, 443
mother’s death and, 8–10, 56, 455
pregnancy with and birth of Anthony, 10–11, 67, 68, 77–83, 95
returns to Castelnou, 463–464
travels with Hyde and evaluates her life, 27–28, 31–32, 52, 89–90, 90, 195–197, 239–240, 331–332, 455, 461–463
writes memoirs with Hyde, 459–461, 464–465
Pack, Betty Thorpe, as spy
affair with Brousse discovered and cover blown, 447–448
asks to be interned with Brousse, 442–446
in Chile, 247–278
cover as reporter developed (Betty Thomas), 242–246, 255
during sail from Chile to New York, 251–257, 271–272
in Germany with Lubienski, 218–220
Lend Lease and, 295–298
meets Hyde in 1941, 12–13, 17–18
plans for living in France as Brousse’s step-daughter, 429–438
quality of written reports of, 248–249
recognized as “symbolized agent,” 138
recruited in Poland, 33–42
Roosevelt asks to meet, 450
work name “Cynthia,” 3, 289
see also Poland; Spanish Civil War; Washington, DC; Vichy French embassy entries
Pack, Denise Beresford (daughter), 98
after Arthur’s death, 453, 454, 455
birth of, 99, 100
in Chile, 273, 277, 353–354
death of, 465
parents’ divorce and, 276, 277, 306
personality of, 454
in Poland, 192, 249–250
during Spanish Civil War, 46, 120, 125, 134–135, 141, 143, 154
during World War II, 230, 243, 249, 353–354
Paget, James, 268
Paradol (Peruvian diplomat), 254–255
Parry-Jones, Montagu, 247–248, 257–259
Pepper, John Arthur Reed (J. Howard)
asks Betty to move to Washington, 277–278, 284–291
Betty’s first mission for, 292, 293
Betty’s intelligence from Lais, 300–311, 321–327
gives Betty work name “Cynthia,” 289
Vichy embassy missions and, 335–338, 339, 348, 350, 354, 355, 356–357, 361–362, 407, 413, 415, 416, 423
Pétain, Henri Philippe, 337, 356, 371, 430
Poland, Betty’s intelligence work in
Arthur reassigned to as cover for, 190–192
Black Chamber’s attempts to decode Enigma, 206, 207, 209–211, 215–216
Black Chamber Enigma teams monitoring, 215–216, 217
Henlein’s office burgled, 220–224, 226, 245
expulsion from country, 229–234
“honey trap” for Lubienski, 198–205, 224–225, 226
Kulikowski’s information, 33–41, 197, 198
reports on s
ituation in, 244–246
Prendis, Carlos, 244–245
Prieto, Indalecio, 178–185, 191
Quiet Canadian, The (Hyde), 12, 13, 22–23, 27, 281, 319, 460
Rejewski, Marian, 210
Rivett, Rosie Pack, 83–84, 139, 453
Roman Catholic Church
Betty converts to, 111–112
Spanish Civil War and, 116
The Room, of Astor, 264–265, 268
Roosevelt, Franklin D.
aid to England and, 265–267, 266, 268, 293–295
asks to meet Betty, 450
North Africa invasion plans and, 359–360, 438
US-British intelligence cooperation and, 254
Vichy embassy missions and, 357, 367
Sartorius, Carlos
disappears during Spanish Civil War and Betty searches for, 142–143, 147–159, 160–165, 176–182
meets Betty as adult, 101–106, 120
meets Betty when she’s 14, 61–63
released from prison, 188, 192
visited in prison by Betty, 185–187
Sartorius, Carmencita, 103, 104, 105, 142
Schmidt, Hans Thilo, 207–209
Scottish Ambulance Unit, in Spain, 162–164, 163
Shelley, John, 248, 284
Betty’s work in Poland and, 198, 199, 205, 219, 220, 222, 230, 231, 234
Enigma and, 213–214
recruits Betty for intelligence work, 39–41
“Ships Observers’ Scheme,” during World War II, 267–269
Sims, Mitzi, 297
South Pacific Mail, 245
Spain
Betty and Arthur in, 99, 100–106
Betty reports on Civil War, 134–136
conditions before Civil War, 115–119, 117
conditions during Civil War, 120–123, 126, 139, 161–162, 164
Spanish Civil War, Betty’s intelligence work during
frees Aruezza, 171–175
obtains release of 17 prisoners, 182–185, 192
pleads for release of Sartorius, 182–185
searches for Arthur, 125–134
searches for Sartorius, 142–143, 147–159, 160–165, 176–182
secures supplies for field hospitals, 140–142, 143–147, 149–150
transports Franco supporters to border, 134–135
visits Sartorius in prison, 185–187
State Department, of US
Betty and, 438–448
dislike of British spies, 428–429
Henry-Hyde’s threats and, 387–389
Steinmetz, Charles Proteus, 212
Stephenson, William, 57, 214, 285, 350, 460
Astor and, 267–269
background, 211–212
builds British secret service in North America, 262–263
codename Intrepid, 263
Enigma and, 211, 212–214
Hoover’s dislike of, 428–429
known as Little Bill, 368
Lais and need for Italian naval codes, 300–301