by Rita Gabis
———. And There Was Light. 2nd ed. Translated by Elizabeth R. Cameron. Sand Point, ID: Morning Light Press, 2006.
Maass, Peter. Love Thy Neighbor: A Story of War. New York: Vintage, 1996.
Margolis, Rachel. A Partisan from Vilna. Translated by F. Jackson Piotrow. Brighton, MA: Academic Studies Press, 2010.
Markish, Peretz. Inheritance (Yerushe). Translated by Mary Schulman. Toronto: TSAR, 2007.
Mendelsohn, Daniel. The Elusive Embrace: Desire and the Riddle of Identity. New York: Vintage, 2000.
———. The Lost: A Search for Six of Six Million. New York: Harper Perennial, 2006.
Mickiewicz, Adam. Pan Tadeusz; or, The Last Foray in Lithuania: A Story of Life Among Polish Gentlefolk in the Years 1811 and 1812. New York: Mondial, 2009.
Miłosz, Czesław. Beginning with My Streets: Essays and Recollections. Translated by Madeline G. Levine. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 1991.
———. The Collected Poems, 1931–1987. Hopewell, NJ: Ecco, 1988.
———. The Issa Valley. Translated by Louis Iribarne. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 1981.
———. The Land of Ulro. Translated by Louis Iribarne. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 1984.
———. The Separate Notebooks. Translated by Robert Hass, Robert Pinsky, and Renata Gorczynski. New York: Ecco, 1984.
———. The Witness of Poetry. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press,1983.
———. To Begin Where I Am: Selected Essays. Edited by Bogdana Carpenter and Madeline G. Levine. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2001.
———. Unattainable Earth. Translated by Robert Hass. New York: Ecco, 1986.
Mirsky, Yehudah. Rav Kook: Mystic in a Time of Revolution. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2014. Kindle edition.
Nagorski, Andrew. Hitlerland: American Eyewitnesses to the Nazi Rise to Power. New York: Simon and Schuster, 2012.
Neitzel, Sönke, ed., Tapping Hitler’s Generals: Transcripts of Secret Conversations, 1942–45. Translated by Geoffrey Brooks. St. Paul, MN: Frontline, 2007.
Némirovsky, Irène. Suite Française. Translated by Sandra Smith. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2006. Kindle edition.
Nikžentaitis, Alvydas, Stefan Schreiner, and Darius Staliūnas, eds. The Vanished World of Lithuanian Jews. New York: Rodopi, 2004.
Oksanen, Sofi. Purge. New York: Black Cat, 2008.
Olive, Michael, and Robert Edwards. Operation Barbarossa, 1941. Mechanicsburg, PA: Stackpole, 2012.
Pilecki, Captain Witold. The Auschwitz Volunteer: Beyond Bravery. Translated by Jarek Garlińksli. Los Angeles: Aquila Polonica, 2012.
Piotrowski, Tadeusz. Poland’s Holocaust: Ethnic Strife, Collaboration with Occupying Forces and Genocide in the Second Republic, 1918–1947. Jefferson, NC: McFarland, 1998.
Poddębski, Henryk. The Eastern Borderlands. Edited by Leszek Dulik and Waldemar Golec. Lublin, Poland: Ad Rem, 2010.
Polonsky, Antony. The Jews in Poland and in Russia, vol. 3, 1914–2008. Oxford: Littman Library of Jewish Civilization, 2012.
Polonsky, Antony, and Joanna B. Michlic, eds. The Neighbors Respond: The Controversy Over the Jedwabne Massacre in Poland. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2014.
Potašenko, Grigorijus, ed. The Peoples of The Grand Duchy of Lithuania. Translated by Axel Holvoet. Vilnius, Lithuania: Aidai, 2002.
Power, Samantha. “A Problem from Hell”: America and the Age of Genocide. New York: Perennial, 2002.
Rawicz, Slavomir. The Long Walk: The True Story of a Trek to Freedom. Guilford, CT: Lyons Press, 1997.
Reck, Friedrich. Diary of a Man in Despair. Translated by Paul Rubens. New York: New York Review of Books, 2000. Kindle edition.
Redel, Victoria. The Border of Truth. New York: Counterpoint, 2007.
Reese, Willy Peter. A Stranger to Myself: The Inhumanity of War, Russia, 1941–44. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2005. Kindle edition.
Remarque, Erich Maria. All Quiet on the Western Front. Translated by A. W. Wheen. New York: Ballantine, 1958.
Rhodes, Richard. Masters of Death: The SS-Einsatzgruppen and the Invention of the Holocaust. New York: Vintage, 2002.
Riding, Alan. And the Show Went On: Cultural Life in Nazi-Occupied Paris. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2010.
Roberts, Andrew. The Storm of War: A New History of the Second World War. New York: HarperCollins, 2011.
Rose, Jonathan, ed. The Holocaust and the Book: Destruction and Preservation. Amherst: University of Massachusetts Press, 2001.
Rosen, Alan. The Wonder of Their Voices: The 1946 Holocaust Interviews of David Boder. New York: Oxford University Press, 2010. Kindle edition.
Rosenberg, Tina. The Haunted Land: Facing Europe’s Ghosts After Communism. New York: Vintage, 1995. Kindle edition.
Ross, Henryk. Łódź Ghetto Album. Edited by Thomas Weber. London: Chris Boot, 2009.
Rubenstein, Joshua, and Vladimir P. Naumov, eds. Stalin’s Secret Pogroms: The Postwar Inquisition of the Jewish Anti-Fascist Committee. Translated by Laura Esther Wolfson. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2001. Kindle edition.
Sakowicz, Kazimierz. Ponary Diary, 1941–1943: A Bystander’s Account of a Mass Murder. Edited by Yitzhak Arad. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2005.
Schilde, Kurt, and Johannes Tuchel. Columbia-Haus Berliner Konzentrationslager, 1933–1936. Germany: Bezirksamt Tempelhof von Berlin, 1990.
Sepetys, Ruta. Between Shades of Gray. New York: Philomel, 2011.
Sereny, Gitta. Into That Darkness: An Examination of Conscience. New York: Vintage, 1983.
Shavit, Ari. My Promised Land: The Triumph and Tragedy of Israel. New York: Spiegel & Grau, 2013.
Shirer, William L. The Rise and Fall of the Third Reich. New York: Rosetta, 2011. Kindle edition.
Shore, Marci. The Taste of Ashes: The Afterlife of Totalitarianism in Eastern Europe. New York: Crown, 2013. Kindle edition.
Sirutavičius, Vladas, and Darius Staliūnas, ed. A Pragmatic Alliance: Jewish-Lithuanian Political Cooperation at the Beginning of the 20th Century. New York: Central European University Press, 2011.
Snyder, Timothy. Bloodlands: Europe Between Hitler and Stalin. New York: Basic Books, 2010.
———. The Reconstruction of Nations: Poland, Ukraine, Lithuania, Belarus, 1569–1999. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2003.
Snyder, Timothy, and Ray Brandon, eds. Stalin and Europe: Imitation and Domination, 1928–1953. New York: Oxford University Press, 2014.
Sołtys, Maria, and Krzysztof Jaszczyński, eds. 1947: The Colors of Ruin; The Reconstruction of Warsaw and Poland in the Photographs of Henry N. Cobb. Warsaw: Dom Spotkań z Historią, 2012.
Stang, Knut. Kollaboration und Massenmord: Die litauische Hilfspolizei, das Rollkommando Hamann und die Ermordung der litauischen Juden. Bern, Switzerland: Peter Lang, 1996.
Stille, Alexander. The Force of Things: A Marriage in War and Peace. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2013.
Strassler, Robert B., ed. The Landmark Herodotus. New York: Anchor, 2007.
Šukys, Julija. Epistolophilia: Writing the Life of Ona Šimaitė. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 2012. Kindle edition.
Shalamov, Varlam. Kolyma Tales. Translated by John Glad. New York: Penguin, 1994.
Tolstoy, Leo. War and Peace. Translated by Louise and Aylmer Maude. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1942.
Tuchman, Barbara W. The Guns of August: The Outbreak of World War I. New York: Random House, 2014. Kindle edition.
Turski, Marian. Polish Witnesses to the Shoah. London: Valentine Mitchell, 2010.
Von Kellenbach, Katharina. The Mark of Cain: Guilt and Denial in the Post-War Lives of Nazi Perpetrators. New York: Oxford University Press, 2013.
Von Manstein, Erich. Lost Victories: The War Memoirs of Hitler’s Most Brilliant General. St. Paul, MN: Zenith, 2014.
Walton, Richard H., ed., Cold Case Homicides: Practical Investigative Techniques. Boca Raton, FL: Taylor & Francis, 2006.
The
Wannsee Conference and the Genocide of the European Jews: Catalogue of the Permanent Exhibition. Berlin: House of the Wannsee Conference, Memorial and Education Site, 2009.
War After War: Armed Anti-Soviet Resistance in Lithuania in 1944–1953, Catalogue of the Exhibition. Vilnius: Museum of Genocide Victims of the Genocide and Resistance Research Center of Lithuania, 2008.
Wasserstein, Bernard. On the Eve: The Jews of Europe Before the Second World War. London: Profile, 2013.
Wiesel, Elie. Open Heart. Translated by Marion Wiesel. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2012.
FILMS
Elusive Justice: The Search for Nazi War Criminals. Directed by Johnathan Silvers. New York: Saybrook, 2011. DVD.
Partisans of Vilna: The Untold Story of Jewish Resistance During World War II. Directed by Josh Waletzky. Los Angeles: New Video Group, 2005. DVD.
ARTICLES AND WEBSITES
Cohen, Roger. “For a Priest and for Poland, a Tangled Identity.” New York Times, October 10, 1999. http://www.nytimes.com/1999/10/10/world/for-a-priest-and-for-poland-a-tangled-identity.html.
International Commission for the Evaluation of the Crimes of the Nazi and Soviet Occupation Regimes in Lithuania website. http://www.komisija.lt/en. All material on this website was consulted; these articles were of particular significance:
Bubnys, Arūnas. “Lithuanian Police Battalions and the Holocaust.” http://www.komisija.lt/en/body.php?&m=1194864300.
Dieckmann, Christoph. “Murders of the Prisoners of War.” http://www.komisija.lt/en/body.php?&m=1194864157.
Dieckmann, Chistoph, and Saulius Sužiedėlis. “The Persecution and Mass Murder of Lithuanian Jews During Summer and Fall of 1941: Sources and Analysis.” http://www.komisija.lt/en/body.php?&m=1194863926.
Jakubčionis, Algidas. “Occupation/Annexation and Sovietization of Lithuania.” http://www.komisija.lt/en/body.php?&m=1194863351.
Streikus, Arūnas. “Destroying Religious Life in 1940–1941.” http://www.komisija.lt/en/body.php?&m=1194863561.
The International Jewish Cemetery Project. http://www.iajgsjewishcemeteryproject.org.
JewishGen: The Home of Jewish Genealogy. http://www.jewishgen.org.
Kanc, Shimon, ed., “Svizian Region; Memorial Book of 23 Jewish Communities (Lithuania).” JewishGen. http://www.jewishgen.org/yizkor/svencionys/svencionys.html.
LitvakSIG: Lithuanian-Jewish Special Interest Group. http://www.litvaksig.org.
MacQueen, Michael. “The Context of Mass Destruction: Agents and Prerequisites of the Holocaust in Lithuania.” Holocaust Genocide Studies 12, no. 1 (1998): 27–48. doi: 10.1093/hgs/12.1.27.
MacQueen, Michael, Jürgen Matthäus, and David G. Roskies. “Lithuania and the Jew: The Holocaust Chapter.” Paper presented at the Center for Advanced Holocaust Studies, Holocaust Memorial Museum, Washington, DC, 2004. http://www.ushmm.org/m/pdfs/Publication_OP_2005-07-03.pdf.
U.S. Central Intelligence Agency. Study, Review, and Analysis of All Capstan Agents’ Personal Histories, Contacts and Associations. March 23, 1953. http://www.foia.cia.gov/sites/default/files/document_conversions/1705143/AECHAMP%20%20%20VOL.%201_0022.pdf.
U.S. Department of Justice. “Immigration Judge Orders Removal of Chicago-Area Man Accused of Participation of Nazi Massacre of Jews” (#99-118). April 5, 1999. http://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/1999/April/118crm.htm.
U.S. State Department. “Lithuanian Prosecutor Trying to Show Some Movement in Investigating War Criminals” (Docno: Vilnius 000148). January 2000. Freedom of Information Act Electronic Reading Room, 2005. http://www.foia.cia.gov/sites/default/files/document_conversions/1705143/LILEIKIS,%20ALEKSANDRAS_0043.pdf.
ARCHIVES (WITH ABBREVIATIONS USED IN NOTES)
AMC
Archive of Modern Conflict, London
BA
Bundesarchiv (Federal Archive), Berlin
BA-MA
Bundesarchiv-Militärarchiv (Federal Military Archive), Freiburg
BA-KO
Bundesarchiv Koblenz (Federal Archive), Koblenz
GARF
Gosudarstvennyj Archiv Russkoj Federaciji (State Archives of the Russian Federation), Moscow
ITS
International Tracing Service, Bad Arolsen
IPN
Instytut Pamięci Narodowej (Institute of National Remembrance), Warsaw
LCVA
Lietuvos Centrinis Valstybinis Archyvas (Central State Archive of Lithuania), Vilnius
LYA
Lietuvos Ypatingasis Archyvas (Lithuanian Special Archives), Vilnius
NARA
National Archives Record Administration, Washington, D.C.
USHMM
United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, Washington, D.C.
YIVO
Institute for Jewish Research, New York
YVA
Yad Vashem Archives, Jerusalem
ZStL
Zentrale Stelle der Landesjustizverwaltungen zur Aufklärung nationalsozialistischer Verbrechen (Central Office of the State Justice Administrations for the Investigation of National Socialist Crimes), Ludwigsburg, Germany
A NOTE ON THE AUTHOR
* * *
RITA GABIS is an award-winning poet and prose writer. Her grants and fellowships include a New York Foundation for the Arts Award for creative nonfiction and residencies at Yaddo and the Fine Arts Work Center in Provincetown, Massachusetts. She is the author of the poetry collection The Wild Field (Alice James Books). Her work has appeared in Harvard Review, Poetry, and elsewhere. She lives and teaches in New York City.
By the Same Author
The Wild Field (poems)
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