a commercial flatbed that drives miles per year and uses bio diesel
Research some typical mileages, type of fuel used, and miles covered in a year and determine the carbon footprint for: a tractor-trailer truck
a commercial airliner
a corporate jet
a bus
Amtrak
Looking at the above problems another way, suppose you want to travel from California to New York find your carbon footprint for the trip using: Amtrak
a jet plane
a bus
an SUV
a hybrid
Assume % full loads on the commercial transports and passengers on the cars. You will have to go on-line to find the loads of the commercial transports.
China is putting two coal-fired electrical plants in operation each week. These plants do not typically use any scrubbing or pollution controls. Research the typical Mwh output, and, using either the table for problem (Michigan depends more on coal than the other states listed.) or a more direct source for emissions for a coal plant, find the gain in greenhouse gas emissions each year from this source alone. Compare to the results in problem and determine if the IPCC is underestimating the problem.
Answers to Selected Problems
a. b.
c.
d.
e. About 2.3 million bombs
Chapter 30: Answers to Selected Problems Version 2
Appendix A: Answers to Selected Problems (3e)
Ch 1: Units and Problem Solving
a. A person of height . . is tall
b. The same person is
a. b.
c. if the person weighs . this is equivalent to
Pascals (Pa), which equals
f.
b.
c.
each side goes up by , so it will change by
; is for each second starting with seconds for
About million
About trillion
Ch 2: Energy Conservation
d
(discuss in class)
a.
Chemical bonds in the food.
a.
a.
.
b.
a.
a.
a.
a.
12.
Ch 3: One-Dimensional Motion
.
.
.
.
a. Zyan b. Ashaan is accelerating because the distance he travels every 0.1 seconds is increasing, so the speed must be increasing
c. Ashaan
d. Zyan
f. Ashaan
.
.
6 minutes
d. e.
f.
g.
h. Between and sec because your position goes from to .
i. You made some sort of turn
a. b.
c.
a. b.
c.
d.
b. 1 second c. at 2 seconds d.
a. b.
c. for round trip
Let’s say we can jump in the air. ? Then, on the moon, we can jump straight up.
b. 3.6 seconds
c. d.
b.
c.
a. b.
c.
d.
a. b.
Ch 4: Two-Dimensional and Projectile Motion
.
.
.
.
.
.
a. b. degrees
c.
d. degrees,
.
a. b.
below target
.
a. . b.
seconds, meters
; on the way up
seconds
a. yes b. @ degrees from horizontal
@ degrees
Ch 5: Newton’s Laws
.
.
.
Zero; weight of the hammer minus the air resistance.
forces
force
No
The towel’s inertia resists the acceleration
a. Same distance b. You go farther
c. Same amount of force
.
a. b.
.
.
.
Left picture: , right picture:
The rope will not break because his weight of is distributed between the two ropes.
Yes, because his weight of is greater than what the rope can hold.
Mass is and weight is
a. While accelerating down b.
c.
a. b.
b. c. d.
e. Eraser would slip down the wall
a. b.
c.
d. Friction between the tires and the ground
e. Fuel, engine, or equal and opposite reaction
b. c. no, the box is flat so the normal force doesn’t change
d.
e.
f. no
g.
h.
i.
j.
k.
.
a. zero b.
b. c. Ma
d. and
e. Solve by using and substituting for
a. Yes, because it is static and you know the angle and b. Yes, and the angle gives you and the angle and gives you and
a. seconds d.
.
.
.
a.
Ch 6: Centripetal Forces
.
.
.
.
a. b.
a. towards her b. towards you
a. b.
c. friction between the tires and the road
a. b. The same as a.
; very small force
; you’ll get close to this number but not exactly due to some other small effects
a. b. gravity
c.
a. b.
a. very small force b. Your pencil does not accelerate toward you because the frictional force on your pencil is much greater than this force.
a. b.
d. The same, the radius is independent of mass
You get two answers for , one is outside of the two stars one is between them, that’s the one you want, from the larger star.
.
.
a. b. down, right
c. right
d. Yes,
Ch 7: Momentum Conservation
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
a. b.
c.
d.
e. due to Newton’s third law
to the left
a. b.
a. b.
c. yes,
to the left
a. to the left b. tree experienced same average force of but to the right
c. .
d. about “g”s of acceleration
a. no change b. the last two cars
a.
a. b.
a. b. of
b.
Ch 8: Energy & Force
.
.
.
.
.
a. b.
a. @ @ @ @ and F; @ b.
c. Yes, it makes the loop
a. c. No, the baby will not clear the hill.
a. b.
.
a. b.
a. b.
each
a. b.
a. b. above the spring
%
.
a. b. 5.
same direction as the cue ball and
a. b. Leonora’s
c.
a. b.
c.
a. b.
c.
.
.
.
a. b.
c.
d.
a. b.
c.
d. %
&
nbsp; Ch 9: Rotational Motion
.
a. b.
c.
d.
e.
a. True, all rotate for which is 24 hours, b. True, and
f. True, is the same
g. and
h. True, &
i. True, &
a. b.
c.
d. Force applied perpendicular to radius allows
e. , f. and
.
Moment of inertia at the end at the center , angular momentum, and torque, change the in the same way
.
Lower
Iron ball
a. team b.
c.
d.
a. Coin with the hole b. Coin with the hole
a. weight b.
c. plank’s length left of the pivot
d. ,
e. Ba. weight, Bb. , Bc. plank’s length left of the pivot, Bd. , Ca. weight, Cb. , Cc. plank’s length right of the pivot, Cd. , f) , g) no, net torque doesn’t equal zero
a. b.
a. b.
c.
d.
b. c.
d.
a. b.
c.
a. b. toward beam, down
c.
d.
a. 20.
a. c.
d. angular acc goes down as arm moves to vertical
Ch 10: Simple Harmonic Motion
a. Buoyant force and gravity b.
a. b.
c. , no,
a. d.
.
.
a. b.
.
.
times
a. b. complete cycles but times up and down, complete cycles but times up and down
c.
a. b.
c.
d.
b. c.
d.
f.
g.
Ch 11: Wave Motion and Sound
a. b. It was being driven near its resonant frequency.
c.
d. (Note that earthquakes rarely shake at more than ).
.
.
a. nodes including the at the ends b.
a. b.
a. b. man that electron is moving fast
a. b.
c. so it would be difficult to receive the longer wavelengths.
Very low frequency
b. Same as closed at both ends
.
or .
a. The tube closed at one end will have a longer fundamental wavelength and a lower frequency. b. If the temperature increases the wavelength will not change, but the frequency will increase accordingly.
struck by bullet first.
a. b.
c.
Ch 12: Electricity
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
b. c.
a. b.
and . The electric force is orders of magnitudes bigger.
.
a. down b. Up
e.
a. Toward the object b. to the left with a force of
Twice as close to the smaller charge, so from charge and from charge.
and at
and at an angle of from the axis.
a. b.
a. b.
c.
d.
b. c.
d.
Ch 13: Electric Circuits – Batteries and Resistors
a. b. electrons
a. b.
c. electrons
d.
a. b.
a. b.
c. , not a lot
d.
left = brighter, right = longer
a. b.
c. by and by
b.
.
and the on the left
a. b.
c.
d.
e.
f. both resistors are brightest, then , then
a. b.
b.
.
a. b
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
h.
i.
j.
a. b.
c.
.
.
.
.
.
.
a.
Ch 14: Magnetism
No: if then ; yes:
.
.
a. Into the page b. Down the page
c. Right
Both pointing away from north
.
.
, south
Down the page;
a. To the right, b.
c. It should be doubled
East
; if CCW motion, B is pointed into the ground.
, counterclockwise
a. b. Counter-clockwise
a. b. Into the page
c.
d. CW
a. b.
c.
E/B
a. b.
a. b. CCW
c.
d.
e.
a. b.
d.
e.
f.
g.
a. b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
a. b.
c.
Ch 15: Electric Circuits—Capacitors
.
a. b.
.
a. b. A greater voltage created a stronger electronic field, or because as charges build up they repel each other from the plate.
is squared so it doesn’t act like problem
a. b.
a. b.
c.
a. b.
c.
d.
e.
f. i) ii) iii)
a. b.
a. b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
Ch 16: Electric Circuits—Advanced
a. b.
Zero
a. Yes b. No c. Because they turn current flow on and off.
4a. b. c.
d.
e.
f.
5a. b.
c.
6b. c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
Ch 17: Light
.
.
blue wavelengths
rays
.
.
.
b. vacuum & air c.
.
.
Absorbs red and green.
.
a. b. No such angle
c.
b. c.
C. units e.
a. units b. bigger;
c. units d.
c. units e.
c. units
.
b.
.
a. b.
c.
a.
.
.
Ch 18: Fluids
a. % of the berg is underwater b. %
b. c.
6. coins
b. upward c.
d. Cooler air outside, so more initial buoyant force
e. Thin air at high altitudes weighs almost nothing, so little weight displaced.
a. At a depth of , the buoyant force is d. The bottom of the cup is in radius
a. b.
c.
a. b.
c.
.
a. b.
c.
d.
e.
f. $
a. b.
b.
a. upward b.
c.
a. b.
c.
d.
a. “The Thunder Road” b. (note: here and below, you may choose differently)
&
nbsp; c.
CK-12 People's Physics Book Version 2 Page 27