by Kerry Bolton
[398] Lewis, “Cosmic Society and Cosmic Man,” in America and Cosmic Man.
[399] The terms “blood” and “money” in the Spenglerian sense should be regarded as euphemisms for the organic and the artificial respectively. See Spengler, The Decline of the West, 2 vols., trans. Charles Francis Atkinson (London: George Allen and Unwin, 1971), vol. 2, pp. 506–507.
[400] For a scholarly account of the environmental and rural policies and ideology of the Third Reich see Anna Bramwell, Blood and Soil: Richard Walther Darré and Hitler’s “Green Party” (Buckinghamshire: The Kensal Press, 1985).
[401] Stephen Dorril, Black Shirt: Sir Oswald Mosley and British Fascism (London: Penguin Books, 2007), p. 33.
[402] Richard Jefferies, The Story of My Heart: An Autobiography (London: Longmans, Green, & Co., 1883), ch. 1.
[403] Jefferies, The Story of My Heart, ch. 11.
[404] Oscar Wilde, “The Soul of Man Under Socialism” (1891), in The Complete Works of Oscar Wilde, ed. Merlin Holland (London: HarperCollins, 2003).
[405] Henry Williamson, “Autobiography,” from The Children of Shallowford, in Selections from BUF Quarterly, ed. E. R. Fields (Marietta, Ga.: The Truth at Last, 1995), pp. 59–64.
[406] Jeffrey Hamm, Action Replay (London: Howard Baker, 1983), pp. 18–19.
[407] “Atrocity propaganda” had been used to good effect by the British during World War I, with tales of German soldiers throwing babies into the air as part of bayonet practice, and the like.
[408] Henry Williamson, The Patriot’s Progress (1930) (London: Macdonald, 1968).
[409] Roger Eatwell, Fascism: A History (London: Vintage, 1996), p. 188.
[410] Henry Williamson, The Phoenix Generation (London: Macdonald, 1965), p. 349.
[411] Dorril, Black Shirt, p. 417.
[412] Dorril, Black Shirt, p. 417.
[413] Francis McEvoy, “The Disinherited of the Soil,” in Selections from BUF Quarterly, pp. 22–23.
[414] Unlike certain other forms of Fascism outside Britain, and the views of other veteran literati such as Ernst Jünger in Germany, and Marinetti in Italy, who declared “war is the world’s hygiene,” Mosley and his variety of “British Fascism” did not hold any romantic ideals about war.
[415] Quoted in Radio Times, August 17, 1972; cited by Robert Skidelsky, Oswald Mosley (London: Macmillan, 1975), p. 350.
[416] Williamson, The Phoenix Generation, p. 349.
[417] Henry Williamson, The Solitary War (London: Macdonald, 1966), p. 365.
[418] William L. Shirer, The Rise and Fall of the Third Reich: A History of Nazi Germany (New York: Book Club Associates, 1977), p. 256.
[419] David Pryce-Jones, Unity Mitford: A Quest (London: W. H. Allen, 1978), p. 141.
[420] The Henry Williamson Society, “The Norfolk Farm,” http://www.henrywilliamson.co.uk/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=71&Itemid=102
[421] Henry Williamson, The Story of a Norfolk Farm (London: Faber & Faber, 1941).
[422] Williamson, The Phoenix Generation, p. 349.
[423] Henry Williamson, “Lawrence of Arabia and Germany,” Anglo-German Review, January 1937, p. 107.
[424] Henry Williamson, in T. E. Lawrence by His Friends, ed. A. W. Lawrence (London: Jonathan Cape, 1937).
[425] Skidelsky, Oswald Mosley, p. 442.
[426] Skidelsky, Oswald Mosley, pp. 442–43.
[427] Skidelsky, Oswald Mosley, p. 449.
[428] Henry Williamson, The Gale of the World (London: Macdonald, 1969).
[429] Williamson, The Gale of the World, p. 171.
[430] Williamson, The Gale of the World, p. 27.
[431] Williamson, The Gale of the World, p. 66.
[432] Williamson, The Gale of the World, p. 98.
[433] Oswald Mosley, The Alternative (Ramsbury: Mosley Publications, 1947).
[434] Ezra Pound, “Ci de los Cantares,” The European, vol. 12, no. 6, February 1959, pp. 382–84.
[435] Henry Williamson, “Roy Campbell: A Portrait,” The European, vol. 12, no. 6, February 1959, pp. 357–58.
[436] Jorian Jenks, None Need Starve, Union Movement Agricultural Council (London: Robert Row, 1952).
[437] Hamm, Action Replay, p. 226.
[438] Richard Thurlow, British Fascism: A History, 1918–1985 (Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1987), p. 26.
[439] Oswald Mosley, My Life (London: Nelson, 1968), p. 226.
[440] Joseph Pearce, Bloomsbury and Beyond: The Friends and Enemies of Roy Campbell (London: HarperCollins, 2001), pp. 1–2.
[441] Pearce, Bloomsbury and Beyond, p. 9.
[442] Pearce, Bloomsbury and Beyond, p. 23.
[443] Pearce, Bloomsbury and Beyond, p. 22.
[444] Pearce, Bloomsbury and Beyond, p. 30.
[445] Pearce, Bloomsbury and Beyond, p. 44.
[446] Roy Campbell, Light on a Dark Horse: An Autobiography, 1901–1935 (London: Hollis and Carter, 1951), p. 230.
[447] Peter Alexander, Roy Campbell: A Critical Biography (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1982), p. 34.
[448] Pearce, Bloomsbury and Beyond, pp. 50–51.
[449] Pearce, Bloomsbury and Beyond, pp. 51–52.
[450] Pearce, Bloomsbury and Beyond, p. 60.
[451] Pearce, Bloomsbury and Beyond, p. 60. This is a problem that was also at the forefront of Nobel Laureate Dr. Alexis Carrel’s concern, Carrel also turning to the “Right” in recognition of the need for tradition and religion. See K. R. Bolton, Alexis Carrel: A Commemoration (Paraparaumu Beach, New Zealand: Renaissance Press, 2010). Jung held the view that there are levels of man’s psyche that are still not finished with the primeval and the medieval, yet that are suddenly thrust into the technological era, causing psychological fragmentation. See C. G. Jung, Memories, Dreams, Reflections, ed. Aniela Jaffé, trans. Richard and Clara Winston (New York: Pantheon, 1961), p. 263.
[452] Campbell resigned from the editorship of Voorslag after the publisher’s interference.
[453] Roy Campbell, Voorslag, vol. 1, no. 1, June 1926, in Roy Campbell, Collected Works, vol. 4: Prose (Craighall, South Africa: Ad. Donker, 1985), pp. 195–96.
[454] Roy Campbell, “Home Thoughts on Bloomsbury,” Collected Works, vol. 1 (Craighall, South Africa: Ad. Donker, 1985), p. 196.
[455] Roy Campbell, “The Georgiad,” Part Three, Collected Works, vol. 1, p. 207.
[456] Campbell, “The Georgiad,” Part Three, Collected Works, vol. 1, p. 216.
[457] Pearce, Bloomsbury and Beyond, p. 109.
[458] Alexander, Roy Campbell, p. 121.
[459] Roy Campbell, Taurine Provence (London: Desmond Harmsworth, 1932).
[460] D. H. Lawrence, Robert Graves, Dorothy Edwards, Edwin Muir, Roy Campbell, Scrutinies, ed. Edgell Rickword (London: Wishart, 1928).
[461] Roy Campbell, “Wyndham Lewis: An Essay” (1931), in Blast 3 (Santa Barbara, Cal.: Black Sparrow Press, 1984), p. 20.
[462] Campbell, “Wyndham Lewis,” p. 27.
[463] Campbell, “Wyndham Lewis,” p. 23.
[464] Campbell, “Wyndham Lewis,” p. 23.
[465] Campbell, “Wyndham Lewis,” p. 25.
[466] Campbell, “Wyndham Lewis,” p. 37.
[467] Roy Campbell, Broken Record (London: Boriswood, 1934), p. 154.
[468] See M. J. Vermaseren, Mithras, the Secret God (London: Chatto and Windus, 1963).
[469] Pearce, Bloomsbury and Beyond, p. 158.
[470] Roy Campbell, Mithraic Emblems (London: Boriswood, 1936).
[471] Pearce, Bloomsbury and Beyond, p. 164.
[472] Anna Campbell Lyle, Son of Valour, pp. 84–85, cited in Pearce, Bloomsbury and Beyond, p. 166.
[473] A reference to communism.
[474] Spengler made this observation of the “capitalistic” nature of socialist movements: “There is no proletarian, not even a Communist, movement that has not operated in the interest of money, in the directions indicated by money, and for the time permitted by money—and that, without the idealists amongst its leaders having the slightest suspicion of the fact.” See Oswald Spengler, The Decline of the West, 2 vols., trans. Charles Francis Atkinson (London: George Allen and Unwin, 1971), vol. 2, p. 402.
[475] Roy Campbell, “Uys Krige: A Portrait,” The Critic: A South African Quarterly (Cape Town), vol. 3, no. 2; reprinted in Collected Works, vol. 4, p. 268.
[476] Pearce, Bloomsbury and Beyond, p. 199.
[477] His tribute to the Alcazar, having been besieged by the Spanish Reds, appeared in Mosley’s British Union Quarterly in 1936. See below.
[478] Alexander, Roy Campbell, p. 148.
[479] Alexander, Roy Campbell, p. 158.
[480] Alexander, Roy Campbell, p. 159.
[481] Alexander, Roy Campbell, p. 160.
[482] Campbell, Light on a Dark Horse, p. 339.
[483] Alexander, Roy Campbell, p. 160.
[484] Pearce, Bloomsbury and Beyond, pp. 182–83.
[485] Pearce, Bloomsbury and Beyond, p. 184.
[486] Pearce, Bloomsbury and Beyond, p. 186.
[487] Brian Crozier, Franco: A Biographical History (London: Eyre and Spottiswoode, 1967), p. 205.
[488] Crozier, Franco, p. 206.
[489] Roy Campbell, “The Alcazar Mined,” reprinted in Selections from BUF Quarterly (Marietta, Ga.: The Truth at Last, 1995), pp. 56–57.
[490] When the Left Review surveyed 148 British writers as to whether they were “for, or against, the legal government and the People of Republican Spain . . . for or against, Franco and Fascism?” only five supported Franco. Fifteen including even Ezra Pound and T. S. Eliot, from whom one would expect a commitment to the Right, remained neutral. Shaw’s answer was unclassified, and the rest were supportive of the Reds. Of course, the question was phrased in an absurd, loaded manner, but putting it differently would not likely have changed the results. See: Alastair Hamilton, The Appeal of Fascism: A Study of Intellectuals and Fascism, 1919–1945 (New York: Macmillan, 1971), p. 259.
[491] Pearce, Bloomsbury and Beyond, p. 206.
[492] Campbell in a letter to Harvey Brit, 1956, cited by Pearce, Bloomsbury and Beyond, p. 326.
[493] Pearce, Bloomsbury and Beyond, p. 224.
[494] George Orwell, Homage to Catalonia, vol. 6, The Complete Works of George Orwell (London: Secker and Warburg, 1980), p. 260.
[495] Roy Campbell, Flowering Rifle (London: Longman, 1939).
[496] Pearce, Bloomsbury and Beyond, p. 217.
[497] Pearce, Bloomsbury and Beyond, pp. 218–19.
[498] Alexander, Roy Campbell, p. 182.
[499] Pearce, Bloomsbury and Beyond, p. 225, citing a letter from Campbell to his mother, June 3, 1939.
[500] Pearce, Bloomsbury and Beyond, p. 254.
[501] Pearce, Bloomsbury and Beyond, p. 225.
[502] The name that Stephen Spender had applied to Campbell.
[503] Cecil Day-Lewis to Stephen Spender, quoted in Pearce, Bloomsbury and Beyond, p. 271.
[504] Pearce, Bloomsbury and Beyond, p. 282.
[505] Anna Campbell Lyle to Joseph Pearce, June 9, 1999, quoted in Pearce, Bloomsbury and Beyond, p. 281.
[506] Roy Campbell, “A Decade in Retrospect,” The Month, May 1950.
[507] Alexander, Roy Campbell, p. 224.
[508] K. R. Bolton, “Multiculturalism as a Process of Globalization,” Ab Aeterno, no. 1, November 2009, p. 27.
[509] Pearce, Bloomsbury and Beyond, pp. 318–19.
[510] Pearce, Bloomsbury and Beyond, p. 316.
[511] Edith Sitwell, Taken Care Of (New York: Atheneum, 1964), p. 166.
[512] Richard Aldington, The European, vol. 12, no. 5, January 1959.
[513] Henry Williamson, “Roy Campbell: A Portrait,” The European, vol. 12, no. 6, February 1959, p. 358.