15 Diary, 30 Oct 1943.
16 “William Bernard Crow,” Contemporary Authors Online, http://galenet.galegroup.com/servlet/BioRC (accessed Dec 24 2009). “University and Educational Notes,” Science, 18 May 1928, 67 (1742): 509. “Universities And Colleges,” British Medical Journal, 30 Mar 1929, 1(3560): 626. Henry R. T. Brandreth, Episcopi Vagantes and the Anglican Church (London: Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge, 1947). Peter F. Anson, Bishops at Large (London: Faber and Faber, 1964).
17 W. B. Crow’s professional publications include: “The Classification of Some Colonial Chlamydomonads,” New Phytologist, Jul 1918, 17(7): 151–9; “A Critical Study of Certain Unicellular Cyanophyceae from the Point of View of Their Evolution,” New Phytologist, 25 Apr 1922, 21(2): 81–102; “Dimorphococcus Fritschii: A New Colonial Protophyte from Ceylon,” Annals of Botany 1923, 37(1): 141–5; “The Taxonomy and Variation of the Genus Microcystis in Ceylon,” New Phytologist, 19 May 1923, 22(2): 59–68; Freshwater Plankton Algae from Ceylon (London: Taylor and Francis, 1923); “The Reproductive Differentiation of Colonies in Chlamydomonadales,” New Phytologist, 28 May 1925, 24(2): 120–3; “Phylogeny and the Natural System,” Journal of Genetics, 17(2): 85–155; “The Generic Characters of Arthrospira and Spirulina,” Transactions of the American Microscopical Society, Apr 1927, 46(2): 139–48; “Symmetry in Organisms,” American Naturalist 1928, 62(680): 207–27; Contributions to the Principles of Morphology (London: Kegan Paul, 1929); Voice and the Vocal Apparatus (Cambridge, 1930); “The Protista as the Primitive Forms of Life,” Scientia 1933, 54: 93–102; “Nature Analogies,” Scientia 1935, 58: 157–71; “Periodicity in Classification,” Scientia 1938, 63: 133–43; “Periodicity, Analogy and Homology,” Scientia 1947, 53: 19–23; and A Synopsis of Biology, (Baltimore, MD: Williams & Wilkins, 1960).
His esoteric writings include the “Mysteries of the Ancients” series published in London by Houghton as follows: 1. Planets, Gods, and Anatomical Organs (1941); 2. The Astrological Correspondences of Animals, Herbs and Jewels (1942); 3. The Planetary Temples (1942); 4. Human Anatomy in Temple Architecture (1942); 5. Noah’s Ark (1942); 6. Astronomical Religion (1942); 7. The Calendar (1943); 8. The Seven Wonders of the World (1943); 9. The Mysteries (1943); 10. The Cosmic Mystery Drama (1943); 11. The Historical Jesus, High Priest of the Mysteries (1943); 12. The Law of Correspondences (1943); 13. The Symbolism of Chess and Cards (1944); 14. Druids and the Mistletoe Sacrament (1944); 15. The Symbolism of the Coronation (1944); 16. Initiation (1945); 17. The Nature Mysteries (1945); and 18. Appendices to the Series: The Human Body As a Solar System; The Human Body As a Colony of Animals; Symbolism of Colour and the Fire Bird (1945). In addition, he wrote the following books: Table of the Sovereigns of England: Historical, Legendary and Mythical … in Inverse Chronological Order (Leicester: Order of the Holy Wisdom, 1953); Precious Stones: Their Occult Power and Hidden Significance (London: Aquarian, 1968); The Occult Properties of Herbs (London: Aquarian Press, 1969); A History of Magic, Witchcraft and Occultism (London: Aquarian Press, 1969); and The Arcana of Symbolism (London: Aquarian Press, 1970).
18 E.g., Dr. W. B. Crow, “The Gnostics,” Occult Review 1945, 72(1): 27–30.
19 Hugh George Newman was born in Essex during the winter of 1905 (Birth record, GRO, West Ham, Essex, Greater London, 4a: 225). He was involved in New Southgate politics in the early 1930s, and was the Conservative and Municipal Reform candidate as a councillor in 1933. Later in that decade, he became associated with the National Association of Cycle Traders (NACT), writing The History of the Bicycle (1938); compiling The National Association of Cycle & Motor Cycle Traders: Its Aims, Objects and Benefits (1938) and Cycle Traders Unite! (1939); and issuing on its behalf a Joint Memorandum (1942). He was also associated with the Incorporated Institute of Cycle Traders and Repairers (IICTR)—founded by Arthur Gillott in 1941—appearing as the publisher of its 1942 publications. For more on Newman’s work in this field, see the 1944 Incorporated Institute of Cycle Traders and Repairers Year Book, 1944 (London, 1944). See also Borough of Southgate, Election of councillors, 1st November, 1933. South Ward (London, 1933). H. G. de W. Newman, The History of the Bicycle (London, 1938). H. G. de W. Newman (comp.), National Association of Cycle & Motor Cycle Traders: Its Aims, Objects and Benefits (London: National Association of Cycle and Motor Cycle Traders, 1938). H. G. de W. Newman (comp.), Cycle Traders Unite! (London: National Association of Cycle and Motor Cycle Traders, 1939). Arthur S. Gillott and H. G. de Willmott Newman, Joint Memorandum […] on the Third Interim Report of the Retail Trade Committee of the Board of Trade, and on the Future of Private Enterprise in relation to the Retail Cycle Trade (Watford: N. J. Publishing Co., 1942). IICTR, Syllabus (Watford: H. G. de Willmott Newman, 1942). IICTR and H. G. de Willmott Newman, Report of Bidlake Memorial Dinner (n.p.: H. G. de Willmott Newmann, 1942).
Crow consecrated Newman a bishop on April 10, 1944, right around the time Crowley made contact with Crow. Although in later years Newman was no longer “in communion” with Crow, in his travels he cross-consecrated numerous other episcopi vagantes (in other words, the two bishops consecrated each other), “with a view to ‘combining the lines of succession’ under the apparent misconception that a person is consecrated a bishop of a particular line of succession rather than a bishop of the Church of God” (Brandreth, Episcopi Vagantes, 51). Consequently, Newman’s episcopal name, Mar Georgius I, is described as “ubiquitous” because it turns up in the line of apostolic succession of many modern day wandering bishops.
20 Some have argued that the name “Jehosaphat” derives from or is a transliteration error of the Sanskrit word bodhisattva (enlightened being), a title of the Buddha. See, e.g., E. A. Wallis Budge, Baralâm and Yewâsef: Being the Ethlopic Version of a Christianized Recension of the Buddhist Legend of the Buddha and the Bodhisattva (Cambridge: Univ. Press. 1923).
21 AC to Cardinal Newman, 24 Sep 1944, New 24, Yorke Collection.
22 AC to W. B. Crow, 11 Jun 1944, New 24, Yorke Collection. Copies of this correspondence are also found in the OTO Archives.
23 AC to W. B. Crow, 26 Oct 1944, New 24, Yorke Collection.
24 Dave Arnold, “What Rough Beast: The Last Days of Aleister Crowley, at Hastings,” Hastings Trawler, Jan 2006, 2(1): 12–4. Rod Davies, “Crowley in Hastings: Last Days of the Great Beast,” unidentified clipping, Yorke Collection.
25 AC to Louis Wilkinson, 28 Mar 1944, Wilkinson Collection.
26 Diary, 24 Feb 1944.
27 AC to Ben Stubbins, n.d., Yorke Collection.
28 AC to Gerald Yorke, 2 Nov 1944, Yorke Collection.
29 AC to Edward Noel Fitzgerald, 13 May 1947, Yorke Collection.
30 Frieda Harris Papers, 1923–1964, Rare Books and Manuscripts, University Libraries, Pennsylvania State University.
31 Attempts by Crowley and Harris to publish the deck, together or individually, are detailed in Kaczynski, “The Crowley-Harris Thoth Tarot.” For the deck’s printing history, see Hymenaeus Beta, “Editor’s Foreword.” A detailed comparison of the deck’s various printings appears in R. Leo Gillis, “The (Printer’s) Devil is in the Detail: A Printing History of the Book of Thoth Tarot Deck,” Tarosophist International 2009, 1(4): 39–62.
32 AC to Jean Schneider, 19 Oct 1944, Yorke Collection. AC to Jean Schneider, 7 Dec 1944, Yorke Collection. AC to Jean Schneider, 22 Jun 1945, Yorke Collection.
33 AC to Grady McMurtry, 22 Aug 1944, OTO Archives.
34 Grady McMurtry to AC, 6 Nov 1944, OTO Archives.
35 AC to Grady McMurtry, 21 Nov 1944, OTO Archives.
36 Diary, 22 Dec 1944.
37 AC to Cordelia Sutherland, 23 Nov 1943, GARL.
38 Vernon Symonds, The Legend of Abd-El-Krim: A Play in Three Acts (London: Elzevier, 1930).
39 Arnold, “What Rough Beast,”; Davies, “Crowley in Hastings.”
40 Hastings House Rules, Old EE2, Yorke Collection.
41 For more, see “Edward Mackenzie Jackson,” http://www.hastingschessclub.co.uk/emjackson.ht
ml (accessed Dec 23 2009).
42 Arnold, “What Rough Beast”; Davies, “Crowley in Hastings.”
43 Diary, 4 Apr 1945.
44 Kenneth Grant, Remembering Aleister Crowley (London: Skoob Books, 1991), 1.
45 Dave Evans, The History of British Magic after Crowley: Kenneth Grant, Amado Crowley, Chaos Magic, Satanism, Lovecraft, the Left Hand Path, Blasphemy and Magical Morality (n.p.: Hidden Publishing, 2007), 286. Grant is very private about his life and interactions with Crowley, so little biographical information is available outside of what is in various archives. That Grant’s writings are “semi-autobiographical” only adds to the mystery, as has been thoroughly examined by Evans. See also Dave Evans, “Kenneth Grant: True Tales, Ancient Grimoires, and Magical Fiction,” Wormwood 2008, 10: 48–58.
46 AC to Grady McMurtry, 8 Mar 1945, OTO Archives.
47 Grant, Magical Revival, 93. Kenneth Grant, Outside the Cirles of Time (London: Frederick Muller, 1980), 87.
48 AC to Louis Wilkinson, 27 Jan 1945, Wilkinson Collection.
49 Grant, Remembering Aleister Crowley, v.
50 Diary, 4 Apr 1945.
51 Diary, 19 Apr 1945.
52 AC to David Curwen, 22 Jan 1946, from Grant, Remembering Aleister Crowley.
53 AC to Grady McMurtry, 11 Apr 1945, OTO Archives, is where Crowley appoints McMurtry Sovereign Grand Inspector General. Additional details come from Grady McMurtry et al., v. Society Ordo Templi Orientis, official transcript, U.S. District Court for the Northern Jurisdiction of California, Civil Case No. C-83-5434, p. 32, 45.
54 AC to Grady McMurtry, 21 May 1945, OTO Archives.
55 AC to Louis Wilkinson, 24 May 1945, Wilkinson Collection.
56 Roberts, Magician of the Golden Dawn, 216.
57 F. H. Amphlett Micklewright, “Aleister Crowley, Poet and Occultist.” Occult Review 1945, 72(2): 41–6.
58 AC to W. B. Crow, 2 Apr 1945, Yorke Collection.
59 AC to W. B. Crow, 14 May 1946, Yorke Collection.
60 AC to Frederick Mellinger, 7 May 1946, quoted in “Addenda,” F. H. Amphlett-Micklewright: Aleister Crowley, Poet & Occultist (n.p.: Fine Madness Society, 2009).
61 AC to Louis Wilkinson, 7 Aug 1945, Wilkinson Collection. Three men of science had visited Cefalù: Norman Mudd, his colleague Oxford mathematics scholar Edmund Saayman, and J. W. N. Sullivan. Crowley is almost certainly referring to Sullivan, easily the most prominent of the three (and a physicist besides); however, I have been unable to connect him with the atom bomb.
62 Diary, 23 Aug 1945.
63 Hugh Montgomery-Massingberd, Burke’s Irish Family Records (London, U.K.: Burkes Peerage Ltd, 1976), 195. “Dr. E. M. Butler: Learning And Letters,” Times (London), 14 Nov 1959; 54618: 10. Butler’s publications include: The Tempestuous Prince, Hermann Pückler-Muskau (London: Longmans Green and Co, 1929); Sheridan, a Ghost Story (London: Constable, 1931); The Tyranny of Greece over Germany: A Study of the Influence Exercised by Greek Art and Poetry Over the Great German Writers (Cambridge: Univ. Press, 1935); The Direct Method in German Poetry; An Inaugural Lecture Delivered on January 25th, 1946 (Cambridge: Univ. Press, 1946); The Myth of the Magus (Cambridge: Univ. Press, 1948); Ritual Magic (Cambridge: Univ. Press, 1949); Goethe and Byron: Byron Foundation Lecture, 1949–50 (University of Nottingham, 1950); Daylight in a Dream (London: Hogarth Press, 1951); The Fortunes of Faust (Cambridge: Univ. Press, 1952); Silver Wings: A Novel (London: Hogarth Press, 1952); Heinrich Heine: A Biography (London: Hogarth press, 1956); Antony Borrow and Eliza Marian Butler, John Faust: A Drama in Three Acts (Ashford: Hand & Flower Press, 1958); The Faust Legend (n.p.: The Royal Institution of Great Britain, 1958); Paper Boats: An Autobiography (London: Collins, 1959); The Saint-Simonian Religion in Germany; A Study of the Young German Movement (New York: H. Fertig, 1968).
64 Diary, 1 Jan 1946.
65 Augustus John to AC, n.d. 1946, Old E21, Yorke Collection.
66 Hubbard is a controversial figure, and his life story according to Church of Scientology literature has been contested by several Hubbard biographers. See, e.g., Bent Corydon and L. Ron Hubbard, Jr. L. Ron Hubbard: Messiah Or Madman? (New Jersey: Lyle Stuar, 1987) and Russell Miller, Bare-faced Messiah: The True Story of L. Ron Hubbard (New York: Henry Holt, 1988).
67 John W. Parsons to AC, Feb 1946, Yorke Collection.
68 Marjorie C. Kimmel, 483-16-5928, Social Security Death Index, Social Security Administration.
69 Marjorie Cameron’s younger siblings were James R. (b. 1923), Mary L. (b. 1927), and Robert E. (b. 1929). Her mother, Carrie V. Ridenour, was born in Iowa and died in Los Angeles on September 2, 1970 (Death record, Los Angeles, California Death Index). See: Hill L. Cameron, death record, 22 Nov 1962, Los Angeles, California Death Index. 1925 Iowa State Census, Belle Plain Ward 2, Benton, Iowa. 1920 U.S. Census, Belle Plain Ward 1, Benton, IA, district 1, 11B. 1930 U.S. Census, Belle Plaine, Benton, IA, district 1, 10A.
70 Michael Duncan, Cameron (New York: Nicole Klagsbrun Gallery, 2007.
71 John W. Parsons to AC, Mar 1946, Yorke Collection.
72 AC to John W. Parsons, 15 Mar 1946, Yorke Collection.
73 In the December 1999 Thelema Lodge Newsletter, the word “louts” is read as “goats,” suggesting that “louts” was a transcription error.
74 AC to Grady McMurtry, 22 Mar 1946, OTO Archives.
75 AC to Grady McMurtry, 11 Apr 1946, OTO Archives.
76 AC to Grady McMurtry, 10 Apr 1946, OTO Archives.
77 Jack Parsons to AC, 5 Jul 1946, Yorke Collection.
78 “John Symonds: Biographer of ‘The Great Beast,’ ” The Independent, 11 Nov 2006. “John Symonds,” The Telegraph, 11 Nov 2006. Christoopher Hawtree, “John Symonds: Teller of Charming Children’s Tales Who Made a Devilish Friend,” Guardian, 22 Nov 2006. John Symonds and André François, William Waste (London: Sampson Low, Marston, n.d.). Although the novel is undated, a publication date of 1946 or 1947 has been inferred from dated presentation copies.
79 Symonds, “Aleister Crowley: The Devil’s Contemplative.”
80 AC to Louis Wilkinson, 31 May 1946, Wilkinson Collection. Aleister Crowley, “How to Tell and Englishman from an American,” Liliput, Aug 1946, 147.
81 AC to John Symonds, 15 Jun 1946, OTO Archives; also in Yorke Collection.
82 See, however, AC’s letter of 2 Jul 1947, where he sought to place the manuscript of Magick without Tears with John Bunting, and asks him to forward it to John Symonds for placement with another publisher. Aleister Crowley fonds, SC181, McPherson Library Special Collections, University of Victoria, British Columbia.
83 AC to Grady McMurtry, 14 Apr 1946, OTO Archives.
84 Diary, 20 Jul 1946.
85 AC to John Symonds, 5 Sep 1946, OTO Archives; also in Yorke Collection.
86 AC to Gerald Yorke, 27 Mar 1946, New 115, Yorke Collection.
87 Nicholas Sylvester, “Sixty Years of Song: A Book Review,” Occult Review 1947, 74(2): 115–8.
88 James Laver, Nostradamus: or, the Future Foretold (London: Collins, 1942).
89 This account is based on Laver, Museum Piece, and Laver’s “Some Impressions of Aleister Crowley,” New 18, Yorke Collection.
90 Diary, 27 Mar 1947.
91 Birth record, fall 1909, GRO, Medway, Kent, 2a: 692. Death record, 1974, GRO, Sheffield, Yorkshire West Riding, South Yorkshire, 3: 1534. Rosemary Guiley, The Encyclopedia of Witches, Witchcraft and Wicca (New York: Facts On File, 2008). Shelley Rabinovitch and James Lewis, The Encyclopedia of Modern Witchcraft and Neo-Paganism (New York, N.Y.: Citadel Press, 2002). Crowther’s published works include Let’s Put on a Show (London: Stanmore Press, 1964), Yorkshire Customs: Traditions and Folklore of Old Yorkshire (Clapham: Dalesman, 1974), and Arnold and Patricia Crowther, The Secrets of Ancient Witchcraft with the Witches Tarot (Secaucus, N.J.: Univ. Books, 1974).
92 G. B. Gardner, Keris and Other Malay Weapons, ed. B. Lumsden Milne (Singapore: Progressive Pub. Co, 1936).
93 For Gardner’s life, see Jack L. Bracelin [Idr
ies Shah], Gerald Gardner: Witch (London: Octagon Press, 1960). Ronald Hutton, The Triumph of the Moon: A History of Modern Pagan Witchcraft (Oxford: Oxford Univ. Press, 1999). Philip Heselton, Wiccan Roots: Gerald Gardner and the Modern Witchcraft Revival (Freshfields, Chieveley, Berks: Capall Bann Pub, 2000). Philip Heselton, Gerald Gardner and the Cauldron of Inspiration: An Investigation into the Sources of Gardnerian Witchcraft (Auton Farm, Milverton, Somerset: Capall Bann Publishing, 2003).
94 AC to Karl Germer, 30 Jun 1947, OTO Archives. He wrote a similar letter to Jean Schneider, 25 May 1947, Yorke Collection.
95 Gerald Gardner to John Symonds, Dec 1950, Old EE2, Yorke Collection.
96 Gardner to Symonds, ibid.
97 Francis King, Ritual Magic in England: 1887 to the Present Day (London: Neville Spearman, 1970), 140–3, recounts Gerald Yorke’s claim that Gardner commissioned Crowley to write his Book of Shadows.
98 Charles Godfrey Leland, Aradia: The Gospel of the Witches (London: David Nutt, 1899).
99 Doreen Valiente, The Rebirth of Witchcraft (London: Robert Hale, 1989). See also Aidan Kelly, Crafting the Art of Magic (St Paul, MN: Llewellyn, 1991).
100 Gerald Gardner, Witchcraft Today (New York: Citadel Press, 1954), 46–7.
101 This subject is treated very thoroughly in: Valiente, Rebirth of Witchcraft; Kelly, Crafting the Art of Magic; Hutton, Triumph of the Moon; Roger Dearnaley, “The Influence of Aleister Crowley upon ‘Ye Bok of ye Art Magical,’ ” http://www.lashtal.com/nuke/module-subjects-viewpage-pageid-141.phtml (accessed Dec 26 2009); Philip Heselton Gerald Gardner and the Cauldron of Inspiration: An Investigation into the Sources of Gardnerian Witchcraft (Auton Farm, Milverton, Somerset: Capall Bann Publishing, 2003); David Rankine and Sorita D’Este, Wicca: Magickal Beginnings: A Study of the Possible Origins of This Tradition of Modern Pagan Witchcraft and Magick, 2nd ed. (London: Avalonia, 2008); and Rodney Orpheus, “Gerald Gardner and Ordo Templi Orientis,” Pentacle 2009, (30): 14–8.
102 AC to Edward Noel Fitzgerald, 13 May 1947, New 117, Yorke Collection.
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