[860] John Whitney Hall, “The Bakuhan System,” in The Cambridge History of Japan, vol. 4, Early Modern Japan, ed. John Whitney Hall (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1991), 144.
[861] Toby, 25-35.
[862] Elisonas, “Trinity,” 294-299.
[863] Etsuko Hae-jin Kang, 115, 124, 119, and 121.
[864] Tsuruta Kei, “The Establishment and Characteristics of the ‘Tsushima Gate,’” Acta Asiatica, 67 (1994): 39.
[865] S.N. Eisenstadt, Japanese Civilization: A Comparative View (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1996), 185.
[866] Turnbull, Samurai Warfare, 78-79.
[867] Report by Commander John Rodgers, USN, to the Secretary of the Navy, in Noel Perrin, Giving Up the Gun: Japan’s Reversion to the Sword, 1543-1879 (Boston: David R. Godine, 1979), 3-4.
[868] Tsunoda and others, Sources, vol. 2, 592.
[869] Marius Jansen, The Making of Modern Japan (Cambridge, Mass.: Belknap, 2000), 362.
[870] Horace Allen to William Rockhill, Jan. 4, 1904, quoted in Peter Duus, The Abacus and the Sword: The Japanese Penetration of Korea, 1895-1910 (Berkeley, Calif.: University of California Press, 1995), 189.
[871] George Kennan writing in Outlook magazine, quoted in Marius Jansen, Japan and China: From War to Peace, 1894-1972 (Chicago: Rand McNally, 1975), 124.
[872] Son Key-young, “Seoul Criticizes Tokyo for Authorizing ‘Distorted’ Textbooks, The Korea Times, April 3, 2001; “Seoul’s Fury Stems From History,” The Korea Times, July 9, 2001.
[873] Kanako Takahara, “Lawmakers’ Views of Past Still Plague Relations,” The Japan Times, Feb. 14, 2002.
[874] Pak Chu-yong, “Imran gui-mudom kot tora-onda…Pak Sam-jung sunim chujinjung,” Choson Ilbo, Jan. 16, 1996; “Gui-mudom silche hwankukumjikim bongyokhwa,” Choson Ilbo, Jan. 16, 1996.
[875] Nicholas D. Kristof, “Japan, Korea and 1597: A Year That Lives in Infamy,” The New York Times, Sept. 14, 1997, section 1.
Table of Contents
Copyright
ALSO BY SAMUEL HAWLEY
MAPS AND TABLES
PREFACE TO THE NEW EDITION
INTRODUCTION
A NOTE ON DATES
PART 1 THE THREE KINGDOMS
CHAPTER 1 Japan: From Civil War to World Power
CHAPTER 2 China: The Ming Dynasty in Decline
CHAPTER 3 A Son Called Sute: “Thrown Away”
CHAPTER 4 Korea: Highway to the Prize
PART 2 PRELUDE TO WAR
CHAPTER 5 “By fast ships I have dispatched orders to Korea...”
CHAPTER 6 Preparations for War
CHAPTER 7 The Final Days
PART 3 IMJIN
CHAPTER 8 North to Seoul
CHAPTER 9 Hideyoshi Jubilant
CHAPTER 10 The Korean Navy Strikes Back
CHAPTER 11 On to Pyongyang
CHAPTER 12 The Battle for the Yellow Sea
CHAPTER 13 “To me the Japanese robber army will be but a swarm of ants and wasps”
CHAPTER 14 A Castle at Fushimi
CHAPTER 15 Suppression and Resistance
CHAPTER 16 Saving History
PART 4 STALEMATE
CHAPTER 17 The Retreat from Pyongyang to the “River of Hell”
CHAPTER 18 Seoul Retaken
CHAPTER 19 Negotiations at Nagoya, Slaughter at Chinju
CHAPTER 20 Factions, Feuds, and Forgeries
CHAPTER 21 Meanwhile, in Manila…
CHAPTER 22 “You, Hideyoshi, are hereby instructed... to cheerfully obey our imperial commands!”
CHAPTER 23 The Arrest and Imprisonment of Yi Sun-sin
PART 5 THE SECOND INVASION
CHAPTER 24 “Water, Thunder, and Great Disaster”
CHAPTER 25 The Japanese Advance Inland
CHAPTER 26 “Seek death and you will live; seek life and you will die”
CHAPTER 27 Starvation and Death in a “Buddha-less World”
CHAPTER 28 “Even Osaka Castle is only a dream”
CHAPTER 29 The Last Act
PART 6 AFTERMATH
CHAPTER 30 What Came Next
BIBLIOGRAPHY
NOTES
The Imjin War: Japan's Sixteenth-Century Invasion of Korea and Attempt to Conquer China Page 76